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Article ; Online: The AANS/CNS Section on Tumors: a summary of 40 years of advocacy to advance the care of patients with brain and spine tumors.

Parney, Ian F / Warnick, Ronald E / Lang, Frederick F / Rutka, James T / Kalkanis, Steven / Glick, Roberta / Rosenblum, Mark L / Germano, Isabelle M

Journal of neurosurgery

2024 , Page(s) 1–7

Abstract: The AANS/CNS Section on Tumors was founded 40 years ago in 1984 to assist in the education of neurosurgeons interested in neuro-oncology, and serves as a resource for other national organizations regarding the clinical treatment of nervous system tumors. ...

Abstract	The AANS/CNS Section on Tumors was founded 40 years ago in 1984 to assist in the education of neurosurgeons interested in neuro-oncology, and serves as a resource for other national organizations regarding the clinical treatment of nervous system tumors. The Section on Tumors was the first national physicians' professional organization dedicated to the study and treatment of patients with brain and spine tumors. Over the past 40 years, the Section on Tumors has built solid foundations, including establishing the tumor section satellite meetings, founding the Journal of Neuro-Oncology (the first medical journal dedicated to brain and spine surgical oncology), advancing surgical neuro-oncology education and research, promoting neurosurgical involvement in neuro-oncology clinical trials, and advocating for patients with brain and spine tumors. This review provides a synopsis of the Section on Tumors' history, its challenges, and its opportunities, drawing on the section's archives and input from the 17 section chairs who led it during its first 40 years.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3089-2
ISSN	1933-0693 ; 0022-3085
ISSN (online)	1933-0693
ISSN	0022-3085
DOI	10.3171/2023.12.JNS232781
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Article ; Online: Identification of reversible causes of minority inequity in stroke: severity related to race and socio-economic status.

Khalid, Syed I / Carlton, Adam / Glick, Roberta P

Brain injury

2018 Volume 32, Issue 12, Page(s) 1477–1483

Abstract: Objectives: Previous reports of a higher incidence and risk of stroke in minorities were associated primarily with race and ethnicity, yet the relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and racial disparities in stroke is less well known. We have ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Previous reports of a higher incidence and risk of stroke in minorities were associated primarily with race and ethnicity, yet the relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and racial disparities in stroke is less well known. We have investigated the effects of SES on the incidence of stroke type and its severity in minorities. Methods: The clinical and demographic data on 140 patients diagnosed with a stroke in the North Lawndale neighbourhood of Chicago, one of the city's poorest communities, were collected prospectively over a 13-month period and then were retrospectively analysed. Results: Overall, haemorrhagic stroke occurred in 31% of cases, differing from the previously reported haemorrhagic stroke incidence of 15%. When accounting for SES, the incidence of haemorrhagic stroke in the uninsured versus the privately or Medicaid-insured increased to 50%. Uninsured African-American patients experienced even higher rates of haemorrhagic stroke at 55%. Conclusions: Patients who are uninsured minorities may be at an increased risk for severe strokes. This increase in risk appears to be related to the increased incidence of risk factors and lack of treatment. The lack of funds, care access, and limited education in these patients may be related to their increase in risk factors. This paper identifies potentially reversible environmental and societal factors that can lead to improved outcomes in indigent minority patients.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Chicago/epidemiology ; Female ; Health Education ; Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data ; Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insurance Coverage/statistics & numerical data ; Insurance, Health/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Metabolic Diseases/complications ; Metabolic Diseases/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Minority Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Social Class ; Stroke/economics ; Stroke/epidemiology ; Stroke/etiology ; Stroke/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639115-1
ISSN	1362-301X ; 0269-9052
ISSN (online)	1362-301X
ISSN	0269-9052
DOI	10.1080/02699052.2018.1497204
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Article: Immunogene therapy.

Lichtor, Terry / Glick, Roberta P

Advances in experimental medicine and biology

2012 Volume 746, Page(s) 151–165

Abstract: Antigenic differences between normal and malignant cells of the cancer patient form the rationale for clinical immunotherapeutic strategies. Because the antigenic phenotype of neoplastic cells varies widely among different cells within the same malignant ...

Abstract	Antigenic differences between normal and malignant cells of the cancer patient form the rationale for clinical immunotherapeutic strategies. Because the antigenic phenotype of neoplastic cells varies widely among different cells within the same malignant cell-population, immunization with a vaccine that stimulates immunity to the broad array of tumor antigens expressed by the cancer cells is likely to be more efficacious than immunization with a vaccine for a single antigen. A vaccine prepared by transfer of DNA from the tumor into a highly immunogenic cell line can encompass the array of tumor antigens that characterize the patient's neoplasm. Poorly immunogenic tumor antigens, characteristic of malignant cells, can become strongly antigenic if they are expressed by highly immunogenic cells. A DNA-based vaccine was prepared by transfer of genomic DNA from a breast cancer that arose spontaneously in a C3H/He mouse into a highly immunogenic mouse fibroblast cell line, where genes specifying tumor-antigens were expressed. The fibroblasts were modified in advance of DNA-transfer to secrete an immune augmenting cytokine and to express allogeneic MHC Class I-determinants. In an animal model of breast cancer metastatic to the brain, introduction of the vaccine directly into the tumor bed stimulated a systemic cellular antitumor immune response measured by two independent in vitro assays and prolonged the lives of the tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, using antibodies against the various T-cell subsets, it was determined that the systemic cellular antitumor immunity was mediated by CD8+, CD4+ and NK/LAK cells. In addition an enrichment strategy has also been developed to increase the proportion of immunotherapeutic cells in the vaccine which has resulted in the development of enhanced antitumor immunity. Finally regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+Fox p3+-positive) were found to be relatively deficient in the spleen cells from the tumor-bearing mice injected intracerebrally with the enriched vaccine. The application of DNA-based genomic vaccines for the treatment of a variety of brain tumors is being explored.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics ; Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology ; Cancer Vaccines/genetics ; Cancer Vaccines/immunology ; Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use ; Cytokines/immunology ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural/immunology ; Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/immunology ; Neoplasms/therapy ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism ; Vaccines, DNA/genetics ; Vaccines, DNA/immunology ; Vaccines, DNA/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Antigens, Neoplasm ; Cancer Vaccines ; Cytokines ; Vaccines, DNA
Language	English
Publishing date	2012
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
ISSN (online)	2214-8019
ISSN	0065-2598
DOI	10.1007/978-1-4614-3146-6_12
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Article ; Online: Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid with metastasis to the pituitary gland.

Dempsey, Sandra E / Cacioppo, Phillip L / Glick, Roberta P / McDonald, Larry W / Kovacs, Kaiman / Unterman, Terry G

Endocrine pathology

2020 Volume 3, Issue 3, Page(s) 160–164

Abstract: A case of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma presenting with anterior pituitary dysfunction is reported. Initial evaluation revealed an intrasellar mass at a time when serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were elevated, and ... ...

Abstract	A case of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma presenting with anterior pituitary dysfunction is reported. Initial evaluation revealed an intrasellar mass at a time when serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were elevated, and histological analysis of resected tissue demonstrated the presence of metastatic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Immunohis-tochemical analysis confirmed the presence of calcitonin in the tumor cells. Like other malignant processes, metastatic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid may involve the pituitary gland and should be included in the differential diagnosis in the appropriate clinical setting.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1033267-4
ISSN	1559-0097 ; 1046-3976
ISSN (online)	1559-0097
ISSN	1046-3976
DOI	10.1007/BF02921357
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Article: Beneficial actions of the anti-inflammatory dimethyl fumarate in glioblastomas.

Ghods, Ali J / Glick, Roberta / Braun, David / Feinstein, Douglas

Surgical neurology international

2013 Volume 4, Page(s) 160

Abstract: Background: Dimethylfumarate (DMF), a drug used in the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis, has been shown to limit the growth of melanoma cells. The ability of DMF to inhibit the Rel protein has been used to explain the antioncogenic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Dimethylfumarate (DMF), a drug used in the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis, has been shown to limit the growth of melanoma cells. The ability of DMF to inhibit the Rel protein has been used to explain the antioncogenic properties of this drug. Studies analyzing the effect of DMF in gliomas are limited. Therefore, we investigated the potential antitumor effects of DMF by assessing its effects on proliferation, cell death, and differentiation in gliomas in several glioma models. Methods: Mouse glioma Gl261, human glioblastoma A172 and human glioblastoma cells from patients were exposed to DMF at therapeutic concentrations (100 μM) and supratherapeutic concentrations (300 μM) and studies to assess proliferation, cellular lysis, and differentiation undertaken. The 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BRDU) proliferation assay and lactate dehydrogenase LDH cell lysis assay were used. Immunocytochemistry was used to assess differentiation: CD133 (stem cell marker), Nestin (progenitor marker), Sox2 (progenitor marker), β-tubulin III (neuronal marker), glial fibrillary acidic protein (astrocytic marker), and myelin basic protein (oligodendrocytic marker). We also assessed cellular expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) via immunocytochemistry. Results: Proliferation significantly decreased and tumor cell lysis significantly increased in all tumor cell lines after exposure to DMF. The human glioblastoma cells expressed the Neuronal Stem Cell marker CD133, Progenitor Cell markers, Neuronal and Astrocytic Cell Markers in vitro. When exposed to DMF, a drastic decline in CD133 expression was observed in addition to a decrease in the expression of NF-κB. Conclusion: DMF appears to have a promising role in the treatment of malignant brain neoplasms. DMF reduced proliferation rate, generated cell lysis, decreased the expression of NF-κB, and restricted the growth of CD133 cells in gliomas. This suggests that DMF may be considered for further antitumor studies, and provide a new treatment modality for brain tumors.
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-12-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2229-5097
ISSN	2229-5097
DOI	10.4103/2152-7806.123656
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Article ; Online: Impaired diagnosis and successful management of a rare intra-axial central nervous system plasmacytoma in a patient with multiple myeloma.

Frerich, Jason M / Patel, Chetak / Dhiantravan, Varinthrej / Glick, Roberta P

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery

2013 Volume 117, Page(s) 112–115

MeSH term(s)	Central Nervous System Neoplasms/complications ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/surgery ; Cranial Fossa, Posterior/surgery ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma/complications ; Multiple Myeloma/pathology ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Plasmacytoma/diagnosis ; Plasmacytoma/pathology ; Plasmacytoma/surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-12-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	193107-6
ISSN	1872-6968 ; 0303-8467
ISSN (online)	1872-6968
ISSN	0303-8467
DOI	10.1016/j.clineuro.2013.11.017
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Article ; Online: Initial observations of combination barbiturate coma and decompressive craniectomy for the management of severe pediatric traumatic brain injury.

Glick, Roberta P / Ksendzovsky, Alexander / Greesh, John / Raksin, Patti

Pediatric neurosurgery

2011 Volume 47, Issue 2, Page(s) 152–157

Abstract: Objective: In the pediatric population, treatment of severely injured children presenting with low Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) and fixed and dilated pupils is controversial. The combination of barbiturate coma and decompressive craniectomy as an aggressive ...

Abstract	Objective: In the pediatric population, treatment of severely injured children presenting with low Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) and fixed and dilated pupils is controversial. The combination of barbiturate coma and decompressive craniectomy as an aggressive means of controlling intracranial pressure is limited to few studies. In the present series, we report our experience with aggressive combination therapy resulting in good outcomes in pediatric patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Patients and methods: Six TBI patients, aged <18 years, either presented with or deteriorated to a GCS <5 with fixed and dilated pupils and CT evidence of surgical lesions with brain edema. Despite hyperventilation, anesthesia, and mannitol, intracranial pressures remained elevated and all patients underwent decompressive craniectomy and external ventricular drainage and were subsequently placed into barbiturate coma for 72 h. Results: One patient died and 1 patient remained vegetative. Two patients had excellent recoveries (GOS 5/Rankin 1 or 0, no cognitive deficits) and 2 patients had good recoveries (GOS 4/Rankin 1, mild cognitive deficits). Conclusions: Combination of barbiturate coma with decompressive craniectomy and external ventricular drainage led to good outcomes in a small group of pediatric patients with severe TBI. Based on this series we recommend further investigation into aggressive combination management.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Barbiturates/administration & dosage ; Brain Injuries/diagnosis ; Brain Injuries/therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coma/chemically induced ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Decompressive Craniectomy/methods ; Disease Management ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Severity of Illness Index
Chemical Substances	Barbiturates ; barbituric acid (WQ92Y2793G)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1091757-3
ISSN	1423-0305 ; 1016-2291
ISSN (online)	1423-0305
ISSN	1016-2291
DOI	10.1159/000330709
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Article: Cytokine immuno-gene therapy for treatment of brain tumors.

Lichtor, Terry / Glick, Roberta P

Journal of neuro-oncology

2003 Volume 65, Issue 3, Page(s) 247–259

Abstract: The prognosis for patients with an intracerebral (i.c.) neoplasm is poor. Conventional treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy have done little to affect long-term survival, and new methods of treatment are urgently needed. In this ...

Abstract	The prognosis for patients with an intracerebral (i.c.) neoplasm is poor. Conventional treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy have done little to affect long-term survival, and new methods of treatment are urgently needed. In this report approaches involving cytokine gene therapy in treatment of malignant brain tumors are reviewed and contrasted to a strategy developed in this laboratory involving the use of allogeneic cells genetically modified to secrete cytokines. In our studies, mice with an i.c. glioma, melanoma or breast carcinoma treated solely by intratumoral injections with allogeneic cells genetically modified to secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2) were found to survive significantly longer than mice in various control groups. The anti-tumor response was mediated predominantly by T-cell subsets (CD8+ and NK/LAK cells). The injections resulted in the killing of only the neoplastic cells; non-neoplastic cells were unaffected. Experiments involving treatment of animals with i.c. tumor using subcutaneous injections of cytokine-secreting allogeneic cells in the presence of tumor antigens demonstrated no effect in prolonging survival in spite of the development of a vigorous systemic anti-tumor immune response. Of special interest, mice injected intracerebrally with the cytokine-secreting allogeneic cells alone exhibited no neurologic defect and there were no adverse effects on survival. The injection of cytokine-secreting allogeneic cells into the microenvironment of an i.c. tumor is hypothesized to induce an anti-tumor immune response capable of prolonging survival. This pre-clinical animal data directly translates into clinical treatments for patients with a malignant i.c. tumor.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Agents/immunology ; Antineoplastic Agents/metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms/immunology ; Brain Neoplasms/therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/immunology ; Breast Neoplasms/therapy ; Cell Line ; Fibroblasts/immunology ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Fibroblasts/transplantation ; Genetic Therapy/methods ; Glioma/immunology ; Glioma/therapy ; Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods ; Injections, Intralesional ; Interferon-gamma/administration & dosage ; Interferon-gamma/metabolism ; Interleukin-2/administration & dosage ; Interleukin-2/genetics ; Interleukin-2/immunology ; Interleukin-2/metabolism ; Melanoma, Experimental/immunology ; Melanoma, Experimental/therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Survival Analysis ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Antineoplastic Agents ; Interleukin-2 ; Interferon-gamma (82115-62-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2003-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604875-4
ISSN	1573-7373 ; 0167-594X
ISSN (online)	1573-7373
ISSN	0167-594X
DOI	10.1023/b:neon.0000003654.83272.4a
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Article ; Online: The First Neurosurgery Boot Camp in Southeast Asia: Evaluating Impact on Knowledge and Regional Collaboration in Yangon, Myanmar.

Rock, Jack / Glick, Roberta / Germano, Isabelle M / Dempsey, Robert / Zervos, John / Prentiss, Tyler / Davis, Matthew / Wright, Ernest / Hlaing, Kyi / Thu, Myat / Soe, Zaw Wai / Myaing, Win

World neurosurgery

2018 Volume 113, Page(s) e239–e246

Abstract: Background: For the first time in Southeast Asia, a Fundamentals of Neurosurgery Boot Camp was held at the University of Medicine 1 in Yangon, Myanmar, February 24-26, 2017. The aim of this course was to teach and train fundamental skills to ... ...

Abstract	Background: For the first time in Southeast Asia, a Fundamentals of Neurosurgery Boot Camp was held at the University of Medicine 1 in Yangon, Myanmar, February 24-26, 2017. The aim of this course was to teach and train fundamental skills to neurosurgery residents. Methods: The Myanmar Neurosurgical Society, Foundation for International Education in Neurosurgery, Society for Neurological Surgeons, The University of Medicine 1 in Yangon, Myanmar, and the Henry Ford Department of Neurosurgery developed a 2-day resident training course. Day 1 activities consisted of lectures by faculty, small group case discussions, and industry-supported demonstrations of surgical techniques. Day 2 activities consisted of hands-on skill stations for common neurosurgical procedures with each station supervised by attending faculty. Written evaluations were distributed before the meeting, immediately after the meeting, and 6 months after the meeting. Results: Boot camp attendees included 40 residents and 24 neurosurgical faculty from Myanmar, Cambodia, Nepal, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam. There were 35 evaluations completed before the boot camp, 34 completed immediately after boot camp, and 20 completed 6 months after boot camp. Knowledge of participants improved from 62.75% before boot camp to 71.50% 6 months after boot camp (P = 0.046). Conclusions: Boot camps provide fundamental didactic and technical exposure to trainees in developed and developing countries and help standardize training in basic neurosurgical competencies, while exposing local faculty to important teaching methods. This model provides a sustainable solution to educational needs and demonstrates to local neurosurgeons how they can take ownership of the educational process.
MeSH term(s)	Asia, Southeastern ; Clinical Competence ; Curriculum ; Developing Countries ; Educational Measurement ; Faculty, Medical ; Humans ; International Cooperation ; Internship and Residency/organization & administration ; Myanmar ; Neurosurgeons/education ; Neurosurgeons/psychology ; Neurosurgery/education ; Program Evaluation
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2534351-8
ISSN	1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
ISSN (online)	1878-8769
ISSN	1878-8750
DOI	10.1016/j.wneu.2018.02.001
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Article: A rare case of hemangioma of infancy presenting as intraspinal hemorrhage.

Ksendzovsky, Alexander / Glick, Roberta / Utset, Manuel / Tomita, Tadanori / Srinivasan, Gopa

Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics

2009 Volume 3, Issue 5, Page(s) 429–434

Abstract: Hemangiomas of infancy (HOIs) are among the most common benign tumors of childhood and classically appear as a vascular stain or small vascular papule at birth. They are unique tumors due to their propensity to proliferate, involute, and finally regress. ...

Abstract	Hemangiomas of infancy (HOIs) are among the most common benign tumors of childhood and classically appear as a vascular stain or small vascular papule at birth. They are unique tumors due to their propensity to proliferate, involute, and finally regress. These lesions can be associated with visceral malformations that have been shown to affect mainly the liver and the gastrointestinal tract, but rarely the spinal cord. The authors report a rare case of a spinal HOI in a 2-month-old infant presenting with quadriplegia due to intratumoral hemorrhage. Following resection of the lesion, the child regained function. This first reported case of spinal HOI suggests another location for hemangiomatosis. Spinal HOI should be included in the differential diagnosis of acute intraspinal hemorrhage in infants.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Vessels/abnormalities ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hemangioma/complications ; Hemangioma/diagnosis ; Hemangioma/pathology ; Hemangioma/therapy ; Hemorrhage/complications ; Hemorrhage/etiology ; Hemorrhage/surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Laminectomy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Quadriplegia/etiology ; Quadriplegia/physiopathology ; Quadriplegia/therapy ; Recovery of Function ; Spinal Cord/blood supply ; Spinal Cord/pathology ; Spinal Cord/physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Neoplasms/complications ; Vascular Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Vascular Neoplasms/pathology ; Vascular Neoplasms/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2403985-8
ISSN	1933-0715 ; 1933-0707
ISSN (online)	1933-0715
ISSN	1933-0707
DOI	10.3171/2009.1.PEDS08238
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