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Article: Mechanistic characterization of waterborne selenite uptake in the water flea,

Klaczek, Chantelle E / Goss, Greg G / Glover, Chris N

2024 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) coad108

Abstract: Concentrations of selenium that exceed regulatory guidelines have been associated with coal mining activities and have been linked to detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems and the organisms therein. Although the major route of selenium uptake in ... ...

Abstract	Concentrations of selenium that exceed regulatory guidelines have been associated with coal mining activities and have been linked to detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems and the organisms therein. Although the major route of selenium uptake in macroinvertebrates is via the diet, the uptake of waterborne selenite (HSeO
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2721508-8
ISSN	2051-1434
ISSN	2051-1434
DOI	10.1093/conphys/coad108
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Article: Defence mechanisms: the role of physiology in current and future environmental protection paradigms.

Glover, Chris N

Conservation physiology

2018 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) coy012

Abstract: Ecological risk assessments principally rely on simplified metrics of organismal sensitivity that do not consider mechanism or biological traits. As such, they are unable to adequately extrapolate from standard laboratory tests to real-world settings, ... ...

Abstract	Ecological risk assessments principally rely on simplified metrics of organismal sensitivity that do not consider mechanism or biological traits. As such, they are unable to adequately extrapolate from standard laboratory tests to real-world settings, and largely fail to account for the diversity of organisms and environmental variables that occur in natural environments. However, an understanding of how stressors influence organism health can compensate for these limitations. Mechanistic knowledge can be used to account for species differences in basal biological function and variability in environmental factors, including spatial and temporal changes in the chemical, physical and biological milieu. Consequently, physiological understanding of biological function, and how this is altered by stressor exposure, can facilitate proactive, predictive risk assessment. In this perspective article, existing frameworks that utilize physiological knowledge (e.g. biotic ligand models, adverse outcomes pathways and mechanistic effect models), are outlined, and specific examples of how mechanistic understanding has been used to predict risk are highlighted. Future research approaches and data needs for extending the incorporation of physiological information into ecological risk assessments are discussed. Although the review focuses on chemical toxicants in aquatic systems, physical and biological stressors and terrestrial environments are also briefly considered.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2721508-8
ISSN	2051-1434
ISSN	2051-1434
DOI	10.1093/conphys/coy012
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Article ; Online: Hypoxia modifies calcium handling in the Pacific hagfish, Eptatretus stoutii.

Glover, Chris N / Goss, Greg G

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part A, Molecular & integrative physiology

2021 Volume 261, Page(s) 111042

Abstract: Hagfishes may encounter low dissolved oxygen in their natural habitats, a consequence of association with hypoxic sediments and their feeding behaviour. In teleost fish, hypoxia exposure decreases ion uptake, speculated to be a mechanism for energy ... ...

Abstract	Hagfishes may encounter low dissolved oxygen in their natural habitats, a consequence of association with hypoxic sediments and their feeding behaviour. In teleost fish, hypoxia exposure decreases ion uptake, speculated to be a mechanism for energy conservation. Although hagfishes osmoconform, they do regulate extracellular fluid concentrations of divalent cations such as calcium. The current study hypothesised that exposure of hagfish to hypoxia (0.4 kPA, 24 h) would reduce calcium uptake (determined via in vitro isolated skin and gut epithelial transport assays) and calcium accumulation (determined by in vivo whole animal exposures, using radiolabelled calcium (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Transport ; Calcium/metabolism ; Hagfishes/physiology ; Hypoxia/physiopathology ; Oxygen/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Oxygen (S88TT14065) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	121246-1
ISSN	1531-4332 ; 0300-9629 ; 1095-6433
ISSN (online)	1531-4332
ISSN	0300-9629 ; 1095-6433
DOI	10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111042
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Article ; Online: In vitro characterisation of calcium influx across skin and gut epithelia of the Pacific hagfish, Eptatretus stoutii.

Glover, Chris N / Goss, Greg G

Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology

2020 Volume 190, Issue 2, Page(s) 149–160

Abstract: Although hagfishes osmoconform, concentrations of calcium in their extracellular fluids are maintained at levels lower than those of seawater. Ultimately, calcium homeostasis is a product of relative rates of influx and efflux into the animal, but little ...

Abstract	Although hagfishes osmoconform, concentrations of calcium in their extracellular fluids are maintained at levels lower than those of seawater. Ultimately, calcium homeostasis is a product of relative rates of influx and efflux into the animal, but little is known regarding these processes in hagfish. Using in vitro approaches, calcium influx across gut and skin epithelia of the Pacific hagfish, Eptatretus stoutii, was characterised. Analysis of concentration-dependent kinetics showed that accumulation into skin tissue was linear at mucosal calcium concentrations up to 10 mM. However, movement into the serosal compartment was saturable, with a maximal transport rate of 59 nmol cm
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Tract/metabolism ; Hagfishes/growth & development ; Hagfishes/metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism ; Ion Transport ; Skin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-24
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	231245-1
ISSN	1432-136X ; 0174-1578
ISSN (online)	1432-136X
ISSN	0174-1578
DOI	10.1007/s00360-020-01262-9
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Article ; Online: Accumulation of Thallium in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Following Acute and Subchronic Waterborne Exposure

Nagel, Andrew / Cuss, Chad W. / Goss, Greg G. / Shotyk, William / Glover, Chris N.

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2023 July, v. 42, no. 7 p.1553-1563

2023

Abstract: The accumulation and tissue distribution of toxicants in aquatic biota can be determinative of their toxic impact to both exposed organisms and their potential human consumers. In the present study, accumulation of the trace metal thallium (Tl) in gill, ... ...

Abstract	The accumulation and tissue distribution of toxicants in aquatic biota can be determinative of their toxic impact to both exposed organisms and their potential human consumers. In the present study, accumulation of the trace metal thallium (Tl) in gill, muscle, plasma, and otoliths of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following acute (96‐h) and subchronic (28‐day) waterborne exposures was investigated. Owing to known interactions between Tl and potassium ions (K⁺), plasma and muscle K⁺ concentrations were also determined. Branchial Tl accumulated in a dose‐dependent manner in both acute and subchronic exposures, while plasma Tl was rapidly mobilized to tissues and accumulated only at exposure concentrations of 141 µg L⁻¹ or higher. For muscle tissue, Tl concentrations at 28 days were markedly lower than those at 96 h at comparable exposure concentrations (0.9 µg L⁻¹), indicating the presence of mechanisms that act to reduce Tl accumulation over time. However, after acute exposure, muscle Tl reached concentrations that, if consumed, would exceed acceptable daily intake values for this element, indicating some risk to human health from the consumption of fish from waters heavily contaminated with Tl. Otoliths showed Tl concentrations that reflected exposure concentration and length, confirming their capacity to provide insight into fish exposure history. No changes in tissue K⁺ concentrations were observed, suggesting that accumulation of Tl in rainbow trout plasma and muscle does not occur at the expense of K⁺ homeostasis. In addition to highlighting the capacity of rainbow trout to accumulate Tl to levels that exceed recommended dietary doses to human consumers, the present study provides the first data of tissue‐specific Tl accumulation in an important regulatory species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1553–1563. © 2023 SETAC
Keywords	Oncorhynchus mykiss ; acceptable daily intake ; acute exposure ; chemistry ; dose response ; ecotoxicology ; fish ; fish consumption ; homeostasis ; human health ; humans ; muscle tissues ; muscles ; otoliths ; potassium ; risk ; thallium ; tissue distribution ; toxic substances ; toxicity ; trace elements
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-07
Size	p. 1553-1563.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	46234-2
ISSN	1552-8618 ; 0730-7268
ISSN (online)	1552-8618
ISSN	0730-7268
DOI	10.1002/etc.5637
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Physiological and biochemical responses of the estuarine pulmonate mud snail, Amphibola crenata, sub-chronically exposed to waterborne cadmium

De Silva, Nuwan A.L. / Marsden, Islay D. / Gaw, Sally / Glover, Chris N.

Aquatic Toxicology. 2023 Mar., v. 256 p.106418-

2023

Abstract: Physiological and biochemical responses of the pulmonate mud snail, Amphibola crenata, to waterborne cadmium (Cd) were investigated to determine the mechanisms of toxicity and impacts of a 21-d Cd exposure. Mud snails were exposed to nominal Cd ... ...

Abstract	Physiological and biochemical responses of the pulmonate mud snail, Amphibola crenata, to waterborne cadmium (Cd) were investigated to determine the mechanisms of toxicity and impacts of a 21-d Cd exposure. Mud snails were exposed to nominal Cd concentrations of 0, 0.2, 4 and 8 mg L ⁻ ¹ and bioaccumulation, whole animal physiological (oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and oxygen:nitrogen), and tissue level biochemical (catalase activity, lipid peroxidation, glycogen, glucose and protein) endpoints were measured every 7 days. At the two highest Cd exposure concentrations complete mortality was observed over 21-d. In surviving animals, oxygen consumption declined and ammonia excretion rate increased with Cd exposure concentration and duration. The increased ammonia excretion likely reflected enhanced protein metabolism as suggested by a reduced oxygen:nitrogen (O:N). Increasing waterborne Cd concentration and exposure time led to increasing metal accumulation in all tissues. The snail viscera showed the highest Cd accumulation. Both catalase activity and lipid peroxidation in the viscera significantly increased with Cd exposure concentration and time, whereas, the foot muscle and remaining tissues (kidney, mantle, remaining digestive tissues and heart) showed increased catalase activity and lipid peroxidation at higher Cd concentrations (4 and 8 mg L ⁻ ¹), suggestive of an effect of Cd on oxidative stress. Over the course of 21 days, Cd exposure resulted in significantly lower levels of glycogen in viscera relative to Cd-free controls, reflecting an increased energy demand. Haemolymph glucose rose initially and then fell with increased exposure duration, while haemolymph protein generally exhibited an increased concentration in Cd-exposure groups, reflecting the changes in energy substrates noted for somatic tissues. These results suggest that the physiological and biochemical responses of A. crenata to Cd are conserved relative to other aquatic animals, and were tissue-specific, dose- and time-dependant.
Keywords	ammonia ; animal physiology ; bioaccumulation ; cadmium ; catalase ; energy ; estuaries ; excretion ; exposure duration ; glucose ; glycogen ; heart ; hemolymph ; kidneys ; lipid peroxidation ; mortality ; muscles ; oxidative stress ; oxygen consumption ; protein metabolism ; snails ; toxicity ; toxicology ; Gastropod ; Mud snail ; Sub-chronic exposure trace metal ; Waterborne toxicity
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-03
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	782699-0
ISSN	1879-1514 ; 0166-445X
ISSN (online)	1879-1514
ISSN	0166-445X
DOI	10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106418
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Article: Chemical niches and ionoregulatory traits: applying ionoregulatory physiology to the conservation management of freshwater fishes.

Zimmer, Alex M / Goss, Greg G / Glover, Chris N

Conservation physiology

2021 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) coab066

Abstract: Alterations in water chemistry can challenge resident fish species. More specifically, chemical changes that disrupt ion balance will negatively affect fish health and impact physiological and ecological performance. However, our understanding of which ... ...

Abstract	Alterations in water chemistry can challenge resident fish species. More specifically, chemical changes that disrupt ion balance will negatively affect fish health and impact physiological and ecological performance. However, our understanding of which species and populations are at risk from ionoregulatory disturbances in response to changing freshwater environments is currently unclear. Therefore, we propose a novel framework for incorporating ionoregulatory physiology into conservation management of inland fishes. This framework introduces the concepts of fundamental chemical niche, which is the tolerable range of chemical conditions for a given species based on laboratory experiments, and realized chemical niche, which is the range of chemical conditions in which a species resides based on distribution surveys. By comparing these two niches, populations that may be at risk from ionoregulatory disturbances and thus require additional conservation considerations can be identified. We highlight the potential for commonly measured ionoregulatory traits to predict fundamental and realized chemical niches but caution that some traits may not serve as accurate predictors despite being important for understanding ionoregulatory mechanisms. As a sample application of our framework, the minimum pH distribution (realized niche) and survival limit pH (fundamental niche) of several North American fishes were determined by systematic review and were compared. We demonstrate that ionoregulatory capacity is significantly correlated with a realized niche for many species, highlighting the influence of ionoregulatory physiology on fish distribution patterns along chemical gradients. Our aim is that this framework will stimulate further research in this field and result in a broader integration of physiological data into conservation management decisions for inland waters.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2721508-8
ISSN	2051-1434
ISSN	2051-1434
DOI	10.1093/conphys/coab066
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Article ; Online: Waterborne amino acids: uptake and functional roles in aquatic animals.

Griffin, Robert A / Glover, Chris N / McCuaig, Jenelle D / Blewett, Tamzin A

The Journal of experimental biology

2023 Volume 226, Issue 20

Abstract: Dissolved organic matter is a ubiquitous component of freshwater and marine environments, and includes small nutrient molecules, such as amino acids, which may be available for uptake by aquatic biota. Epithelial transporters, including cotransporters, ... ...

Abstract	Dissolved organic matter is a ubiquitous component of freshwater and marine environments, and includes small nutrient molecules, such as amino acids, which may be available for uptake by aquatic biota. Epithelial transporters, including cotransporters, uniporters and antiporters, facilitate the absorption of dissolved amino acids (often against concentration gradients). Although there is a lack of mechanistic and molecular characterization of such transporters, pathways for the direct uptake of amino acids from the water appear to exist in a wide range of marine phyla, including Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Brachiopoda, Mollusca, Nemertea, Annelida, Echinodermata, Arthropoda and Chordata. In these animals, absorbed amino acids have several putative roles, including osmoregulation, hypoxia tolerance, shell formation and metabolism. Therefore, amino acids dissolved in the water may play an important, but overlooked, role in aquatic animal nutrition.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Amino Acids ; Invertebrates ; Annelida ; Cnidaria ; Mollusca ; Water
Chemical Substances	Amino Acids ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218085-6
ISSN	1477-9145 ; 0022-0949
ISSN (online)	1477-9145
ISSN	0022-0949
DOI	10.1242/jeb.245375
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Article ; Online: Accumulation of Thallium in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Following Acute and Subchronic Waterborne Exposure.

Nagel, Andrew / Cuss, Chad W / Goss, Greg G / Shotyk, William / Glover, Chris N

Environmental toxicology and chemistry

2023 Volume 42, Issue 7, Page(s) 1553–1563

Abstract	The accumulation and tissue distribution of toxicants in aquatic biota can be determinative of their toxic impact to both exposed organisms and their potential human consumers. In the present study, accumulation of the trace metal thallium (Tl) in gill, muscle, plasma, and otoliths of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following acute (96-h) and subchronic (28-day) waterborne exposures was investigated. Owing to known interactions between Tl and potassium ions (K
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Oncorhynchus mykiss/physiology ; Thallium/toxicity ; Gills ; Diet ; Trace Elements ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
Chemical Substances	Thallium (AD84R52XLF) ; Trace Elements ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	46234-2
ISSN	1552-8618 ; 0730-7268
ISSN (online)	1552-8618
ISSN	0730-7268
DOI	10.1002/etc.5637
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Article ; Online: The skin of adult rainbow trout is not a significant site of ammonia clearance from the blood.

Giacomin, Marina / Glover, Chris N / Goss, Greg G / Zimmer, Alex M

Journal of fish biology

2022 Volume 100, Issue 4, Page(s) 1097

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	410564-3
ISSN	1095-8649 ; 0022-1112
ISSN (online)	1095-8649
ISSN	0022-1112
DOI	10.1111/jfb.15061
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