Result 1 - 10 of total 352
The Southern medical record
2022 Volume 9, Issue 8, Page(s) 290–292
| Language | English |
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| Publishing date | 2022-08-26 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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2023 Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) 243–256
Abstract: Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain disorder characterised by widespread pain, fatigue and cognitive symptoms. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) aims to improve psychological flexibility and has been found to be beneficial in treating ... ...
| Abstract | Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain disorder characterised by widespread pain, fatigue and cognitive symptoms. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) aims to improve psychological flexibility and has been found to be beneficial in treating chronic pain; however, there are few studies evaluating its efficacy in treating FM. Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy in patients with fibromyalgia. Methods: PubMed, Embase and PsychInfo databases were searched. Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) were eligible for inclusion if participants had FM, and the intervention was based on the ACT framework/model, and not combined with any other active therapy; any non-ACT control was accepted. A meta-analysis was performed, with the primary outcomes pain acceptance (chronic pain acceptance questionnaire, CPAQ), health-related quality of life (fibromyalgia impact questionnaire, FIQ), attrition rate and frequency of adverse events, and the secondary outcomes pain intensity, disability, depression, anxiety, and fatigue. Results: Six RCTs, with a total of 384, mostly-female, participants were included, with ACT being delivered online, in a group setting, or one-to-one. ACT was superior to controls in improving FIQ score at post-intervention (SMD -1.05, 95% CI -2.02, -0.09) and follow-up (SMD -1.43, 95% CI -2.17, -0.69) and CPAQ post-intervention (SMD 1.05, 95% CI 0.61, 1.49) and at follow-up (SMD 0.95, 95% CI 0.40, 1.49). Attrition was below 20% in 4/6 studies and no adverse events were reported as attributable to ACT. All secondary outcomes showed large-to-moderate pooled effect estimates post-intervention, indicating improvement in anxiety, depression, pain and disability. Fatigue also improved, with a large negative effect. Conclusions: The results suggest ACT improved outcomes in patients with FM: there was an overall improvement in all outcomes post-intervention, with most maintained at follow-up. This review was, however, limited by the small body of evidence and differing methodologies of included studies. |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-12-12 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2670872-3 |
| ISSN | 2049-4645 ; 2049-4637 |
| ISSN (online) | 2049-4645 |
| ISSN | 2049-4637 |
| DOI | 10.1177/20494637231221451 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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American journal of community psychology
2024
Abstract: Girls of color are overrepresented in the juvenile legal system and experience high levels of unmet needs. Assessing and meeting girls' needs may prevent system contact or deeper involvement by providing for these needs in community-based settings, ... ...
| Abstract | Girls of color are overrepresented in the juvenile legal system and experience high levels of unmet needs. Assessing and meeting girls' needs may prevent system contact or deeper involvement by providing for these needs in community-based settings, rather than through juvenile legal systems. This study used a structured interview-based assessment adapted from an advocacy intervention to examine girls' self-identified needs and perceived effectiveness and difficulty of accessing resources for these needs. Descriptive analyses found that girls reported needing resources beyond those typically assessed and supported in existing programming, such as technology, extracurriculars, and employment. Latent class analysis revealed four subgroups of girls with distinct but overlapping areas of needs: (1) High Employment, Current School, and Logistical Needs, (2) Low Overall Needs, (3) High Employment Needs, and (4) High Employment, Current School, and Social/Emotional Needs. Girls also reported wide variation in their ability and difficulty accessing needed resources, with employment being most difficult to access and school and social/emotional resources being the easiest to access. These findings suggest that more comprehensive and individualized approaches to programming and community services for system-impacted girls of color are essential. |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2024-02-08 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 222658-3 |
| ISSN | 1573-2770 ; 0091-0562 |
| ISSN (online) | 1573-2770 |
| ISSN | 0091-0562 |
| DOI | 10.1002/ajcp.12737 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.A 1176: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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Rheumatology advances in practice
2023 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) rkac096
Abstract: Objectives: The aims were to explore the nature of methods/techniques applied to improve adherence to physical activity (PA) and exercise in people with inflammatory arthritis and to identify whether studies were theory based and/or used behaviour ... ...
| Abstract | Objectives: The aims were to explore the nature of methods/techniques applied to improve adherence to physical activity (PA) and exercise in people with inflammatory arthritis and to identify whether studies were theory based and/or used behaviour change techniques (BCTs). Methods: Searches were undertaken of English language articles within four databases: Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and Cochrane. Articles were included if they assessed adherence to a PA and/or exercise intervention. A narrative synthesis of the findings is reported. Results: Of 1909 studies screened, 18 studies met inclusion criteria. Adherence was most frequently included as a secondary outcome. Reporting of adherence measures was poor, in that 13 studies did not use a validated measure of adherence, with only three validated measures being identified. The majority of studies were not theory driven ( Conclusion: This scoping review found that adherence to PA and/or exercise interventions was rarely the focus of research, despite its importance in maintaining health in people with inflammatory arthritis. Where research has been conducted in this area, serious shortcomings were revealed, in that psychological theory, evidence-based BCTs derived from theory and valid adherence measures were not used to inform intervention design and target adherence, meaning that interventions were suboptimal. These results suggest that there is considerable room for improvement and that more high-quality research is required to investigate determinants of adherence and develop impactful interventions. |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-01-24 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Review |
| ISSN | 2514-1775 |
| ISSN (online) | 2514-1775 |
| DOI | 10.1093/rap/rkac096 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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2023 Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) 546–559
Abstract: Objectives: A scoping review was selected to explore what non-pharmacological and non-invasive pain management interventions are available for individuals from Turkish-speaking ethnic groups with chronic pain and what represents the most appropriate ... ...
| Abstract | Objectives: A scoping review was selected to explore what non-pharmacological and non-invasive pain management interventions are available for individuals from Turkish-speaking ethnic groups with chronic pain and what represents the most appropriate intervention. Inclusion criteria: Adults with non-malignant chronic pain from Turkish-speaking ethnic groups residing in or outside of Turkey. All non-pharmacological and non-invasive pain management interventions were considered. No limits were placed on geographic location, gender, sex or healthcare setting. Methods: The MEDLINE database was searched for published literature in April 2022. An English language filter was applied. No limits were placed on study design or date of publication. Data was charted from eligible studies into a data extraction table. Key concepts were identified during data extraction by DN. Results: Eleven studies were included in the final review. All were conducted within a quantitative research paradigm. The studies were completed in Turkey (7), Belgium (1), Sweden (1) and Switzerland (1). One was a multi-country review. No studies were conducted in the UK. The primary interventions were heterogenous and included: pain science education (2), cognitive behavioural therapy (2), transcranial magnetic stimulation (1), balneotherapy (1), extracorporeal shockwave therapy (1), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (1), wool therapy (1), exercise and patient dialogues (1) and aromatherapy massage and reflexology (1). Location of pain, outcome measures and timings of follow-ups were heterogeneous. Conclusions: Intervention heterogeneity, exclusively quantitative methodology and absence of studies completed in the UK meant no conclusions could be made on what represents the most appropriate non-pharmacological and non-invasive interventions intervention for individuals from Turkish speaking ethnic groups with non-malignant chronic pain. |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-08-23 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2670872-3 |
| ISSN | 2049-4645 ; 2049-4637 |
| ISSN (online) | 2049-4645 |
| ISSN | 2049-4637 |
| DOI | 10.1177/20494637231196646 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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2022 Volume 77, Issue 6, Page(s) 418–427
Abstract: An exponential rise in the use of cross-sectional imaging has led to an increase in the incidental identification of pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL); however, with many subtypes defined to date and heterogeneous morphology with often absent defining ... ...
| Abstract | An exponential rise in the use of cross-sectional imaging has led to an increase in the incidental identification of pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL); however, with many subtypes defined to date and heterogeneous morphology with often absent defining radiological features, PCLs present a diagnostic challenge. Computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) alone are frequently not sufficient to provide accurate characterisation. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has an important role in the evaluation and classification of PCLs through its ability to define the internal architecture, which is further enhanced by the use of contrast medium. It is also used widely for the surveillance of larger cysts (>2 cm), which are associated with a greater malignant potential. The aim of this review is to demonstrate the role of contrast-enhanced (CE)-EUS in the diagnosis and risk stratification of PCLs. The features of the main non-neoplastic and neoplastic PCLs observed on CE-EUS are provided. When used in combination with other imaging techniques and patient characteristics, CE-EUS offers a more accurate assessment of PCLs and aids risk stratification. Additionally, CE-EUS enables assessment of parenchymal perfusion improving the precision of cyst characterisation and targeted biopsy of worrisome components. The International Consensus Guidelines recommend regular follow up for patients with mucinous or indeterminate PCLs that are fit enough for surgery. With the growing range of tools available to assess PCLs including CE-EUS, it is hoped that patients can be steered towards surgery, surveillance, or discharge with increasing accuracy. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Endosonography ; Humans ; Pancreas/diagnostic imaging ; Pancreas/pathology ; Pancreatic Cyst/diagnostic imaging ; Pancreatic Cyst/pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2022-04-03 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Review |
| ZDB-ID | 391227-9 |
| ISSN | 1365-229X ; 0009-9260 |
| ISSN (online) | 1365-229X |
| ISSN | 0009-9260 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.crad.2022.02.017 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Ue I Zs.201: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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Patient education and counseling
2024 Volume 123, Page(s) 108204
Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of remotely delivered motivational conversations on health outcomes in musculoskeletal populations.: Methods: Four electronic databases (inception-March 2022) were searched and combined with grey literature. ... ...
| Abstract | Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of remotely delivered motivational conversations on health outcomes in musculoskeletal populations. Methods: Four electronic databases (inception-March 2022) were searched and combined with grey literature. Randomised control trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of remotely delivered motivational conversation-based interventions within musculoskeletal populations, using valid measures of pain, disability, quality of life (QoL), or self-efficacy were included. Overall quality was assessed using GRADE criteria. Meta-analyses were performed using random effects models with pooled effect sizes expressed as standardised mean differences ( ± 95%CIs). Results: Twelve RCTs were included. Meta-analyses revealed very-low to moderate quality evidence that remote interventions have a positive effect on pain and disability both immediately post intervention and at long-term follow-up compared to control, and have a positive effect on self-efficacy immediately post intervention. There was no effect on QoL immediately post intervention or at long-term follow up. Conclusion: Remotely delivered motivation-based conversational interventions have a positive effect on pain, disability, and self-efficacy but not on QoL. Practice implications: Motivational conversations, delivered remotely, may be effective in improving some health-related outcomes in MSK populations. However, higher quality evidence is needed to determine optimal intervention durations, and dosing frequencies using sufficient sample sizes and follow-up time frames. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Motivation ; Quality of Life ; Self Efficacy ; Pain ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2024-02-14 |
| Publishing country | Ireland |
| Document type | Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review |
| ZDB-ID | 605590-4 |
| ISSN | 1873-5134 ; 0738-3991 |
| ISSN (online) | 1873-5134 |
| ISSN | 0738-3991 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108204 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.A 1465: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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American journal of men's health
2023 Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) 15579883231163728
Abstract: One-third of students experience a mental health condition associated with decreased academic functioning and increased risk of dropping out. While mental health difficulties are lower among male students, they are twice as likely to die by suicide. ... ...
| Abstract | One-third of students experience a mental health condition associated with decreased academic functioning and increased risk of dropping out. While mental health difficulties are lower among male students, they are twice as likely to die by suicide. Although the importance of gender-sensitive interventions for male students has been emphasized, feasible and effective approaches are unexplored. This investigation conducted three gender-sensitive feasibility interventions for male students to evaluate acceptability, changes to help-seeking and mental health outcomes. Three interventions were delivered to 24 male students. The interventions included the following: Intervention 1-a formal intervention targeting male students, Intervention 2-a formal intervention that adopted gender-sensitive language and promoted positive masculine traits, and Intervention 3-an informal drop-in offering a social space providing health information. These were evaluated for acceptability, attitudes to help-seeking, and mental health outcomes. All interventions were equally acceptable. The informal drop-in was more acceptable, having better engagement from male students who have greater conformity to maladaptive masculine traits, more negative attitudes to help-seeking, higher levels of self-stigma, who were less likely to have used mental health support before and belonged to an ethnic minority. These findings indicate differences in acceptability, particularly uptake, for hard-to-engage male students. Informal strategies help reach male students who would otherwise not engage with mental health support, familiarize them with help-seeking, and connect them with pre-existing mental health interventions. More work needs to be carried out using larger samples to investigate the efficacy of informal interventions to engage male students. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Male ; Mental Health ; Universities ; Ethnicity ; Feasibility Studies ; Minority Groups ; Mental Disorders/therapy ; Mental Disorders/psychology ; Students/psychology ; Social Stigma ; Help-Seeking Behavior ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-06-03 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 2275106-3 |
| ISSN | 1557-9891 ; 1557-9883 |
| ISSN (online) | 1557-9891 |
| ISSN | 1557-9883 |
| DOI | 10.1177/15579883231163728 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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The Pan African medical journal
2022 Volume 42, Page(s) 167
Abstract: Introduction: sepsis is defined as a systemic inflammatory host response syndrome (SIRS) to infection, commonly bacterial. The global prevalence of sepsis is 8.2% with a mortality rate of 25%, whilst in Tanzania the prevalence is 6.6%. Treatment of ... ...
| Abstract | Introduction: sepsis is defined as a systemic inflammatory host response syndrome (SIRS) to infection, commonly bacterial. The global prevalence of sepsis is 8.2% with a mortality rate of 25%, whilst in Tanzania the prevalence is 6.6%. Treatment of sepsis involves early initiation of antibiotics based on local sensitivity patterns. However, there is an increase in antimicrobial resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Hence to promote rational use of antibiotics, we aimed at establishing the etiology, local susceptibility patterns and outcome of children with sepsis aged 2 months to 15 years, admitted at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar es Salaam. Methods: a hospital based prospective cross sectional study was conducted among 245 participants who were consecutively recruited. A standardized structured questionnaire was used to collect information. Blood cultures and complete blood counts were done. Antimicrobial susceptibility was also done on positive cultures using disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Frequencies and proportions were used to summarize categorical data, whilst median and interquartile range was used to summarize continuous data. Student T test was used to compare means of data which were normally distributed and the differences in proportions were tested using Chi square test or Fisher's exact test. A p value of = 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: there was predominance of male participants (67.5%) with a median age was 2 years and an interquartile range (IQR) 10 months to 4 years. Culture positive sepsis was detected among 29.8% of the participants, and the common Gram-positive bacterial isolates were S. aureus (39.7%) Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) (35.6%) and Gram-negative isolates were E. coli (12.3%), Klebsiella spp (6.8%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.5%). All bacteria showed a high resistance to ampicillin (80%- 100%) followed by ceftriaxone (40 - 70%). All Pseudomonas aeruginosawere 100% resistant to ampicillin, gentamycin and ceftriaxone but were sensitive to amikacin. There was less than 40% resistance to co-amoxiclav, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and clindamycin. The overall case mortality rate from sepsis was 9.4%. Among children discharged 59.3% had prolonged hospital stay of more than 7 days. Age group 1 to 5 years, prior use of antibiotics, tachycardia, and leukocytosis were significantly associated with high mortality. Conclusion: bacterial sepsis is prevalent at Muhimbili National Hospital contributing to 9.4% of mortality and a prolonged hospital stay of more than 7 days among 59.3% of the participants. Gram-positive bacteria were found to be predominant cause of sepsis, whereas both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria had a high resistance to first and second line antimicrobials including: ampicillin, gentamycin, and ceftriaxone. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Amikacin ; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination ; Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Ceftriaxone ; Child, Preschool ; Ciprofloxacin ; Clindamycin ; Coagulase ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Gentamicins ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Meropenem ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Sepsis/drug therapy ; Sepsis/epidemiology ; Sepsis/microbiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Tanzania/epidemiology |
| Chemical Substances | Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Coagulase ; Gentamicins ; Clindamycin (3U02EL437C) ; Ciprofloxacin (5E8K9I0O4U) ; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination (74469-00-4) ; Ceftriaxone (75J73V1629) ; Ampicillin (7C782967RD) ; Amikacin (84319SGC3C) ; Meropenem (FV9J3JU8B1) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2022-07-01 |
| Publishing country | Uganda |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2514347-5 |
| ISSN | 1937-8688 ; 1937-8688 |
| ISSN (online) | 1937-8688 |
| ISSN | 1937-8688 |
| DOI | 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.167.29969 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Children and youth services review
2022 Volume 136
Abstract: Girls involved in the juvenile legal system are at among the highest risk for sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges. Yet, few studies focus on girls or examine multiple predictors of their SRH in tandem. In addition to individual and familial- ... ...
| Abstract | Girls involved in the juvenile legal system are at among the highest risk for sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges. Yet, few studies focus on girls or examine multiple predictors of their SRH in tandem. In addition to individual and familial-level risk factors (e.g., trauma, substance use, parental monitoring), this study also examines the influence of structural disadvantage on girls' SRH by assessing the degree to which girls' self-identified resource needs and access challenges across multiple areas (e.g., housing, employment, healthcare) predict SRH risk. Cross-sectional data collected from 269 girls involved in the legal system and their caregivers were analyzed using hierarchical regression analyses. Findings suggest that, over and above individual and familial level predictors, resource access challenges significantly predict girls' SRH, while high resource needs and access challenges predict Black girls' SRH specifically. Implications for programming, policy, and research are delineated. |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2022-02-19 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ISSN | 0190-7409 |
| ISSN | 0190-7409 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106426 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.