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Article ; Online: Cardiogenic Shock Caused by SARS-CoV-2 in a Patient with Serial Negative Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests. Case Report.

Gomila-Grange, Aina / Espasa, M / Moglia, E

2020 Volume 2, Issue 10, Page(s) 1903–1905

Abstract: Myocarditis is an unusual manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has been associated with increased severity of disease and mortality. The diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is based on positivity ... ...

Abstract	Myocarditis is an unusual manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has been associated with increased severity of disease and mortality. The diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is based on positivity of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) of respiratory samples. We report the case of a patient with cardiogenic shock caused by SARS-CoV-2 myocarditis with serial negative upper and lower respiratory nucleic acid amplification tests. Diagnosis was made by serology (positive IgM + IgA and IgG) from patient's serum sample of day 10 after symptoms' initiation.
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2947211-8
ISSN	2523-8973 ; 2523-8973
ISSN (online)	2523-8973
ISSN	2523-8973
DOI	10.1007/s42399-020-00496-6
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Article: Cardiogenic Shock Caused by SARS-CoV-2 in a Patient with Serial Negative Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests. Case Report

Gomila-Grange, Aina / Espasa, M / Moglia, E

SN Compr Clin Med

Abstract	Myocarditis is an unusual manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has been associated with increased severity of disease and mortality. The diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is based on positivity of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) of respiratory samples. We report the case of a patient with cardiogenic shock caused by SARS-CoV-2 myocarditis with serial negative upper and lower respiratory nucleic acid amplification tests. Diagnosis was made by serology (positive IgM + IgA and IgG) from patient's serum sample of day 10 after symptoms' initiation.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #747098
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Cardiogenic Shock Caused by SARS-CoV-2 in a Patient with Serial Negative Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests. Case Report

Gomila-Grange, Aina / Espasa, M. / Moglia, E.

SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine ; ISSN 2523-8973

2020

Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1007/s42399-020-00496-6
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Invasive

Doua, Joachim / Geurtsen, Jeroen / Rodriguez-Baño, Jesus / Cornely, Oliver A / Go, Oscar / Gomila-Grange, Aina / Kirby, Andrew / Hermans, Peter / Gori, Andrea / Zuccaro, Valentina / Gravenstein, Stefan / Bonten, Marc / Poolman, Jan / Sarnecki, Michal

Open forum infectious diseases

2023 Volume 10, Issue 2, Page(s) ofad026

Abstract: Background: Invasive : Methods: We applied clinical criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, or septic shock to patients hospitalized with culture-confirmed : Results: Most patients with IED (N = 902) were adults aged ≥ ... ...

Abstract	Background: Invasive Methods: We applied clinical criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, or septic shock to patients hospitalized with culture-confirmed Results: Most patients with IED (N = 902) were adults aged ≥60 years (76.5%); 51.9%, 25.1%, and 23.0% of cases were community-acquired (CA), hospital-acquired (HA), and healthcare-associated (HCA), respectively. The urinary tract was the most common source of infection (52.3%). Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and septic shock were identified in 77.4%, 65.3%, and 14.1% of patients, respectively. Patients >60 years were more likely to exhibit organ dysfunction than those ≤60 years; this trend was not observed for SIRS. The case-fatality rate (CFR) was 20.0% (60-75 years, 21.5%; ≥75 years, 22.2%), with an increase across IED acquisition settings (HA, 28.3%; HCA, 21.7%; CA, 15.2%). Noticeably, 77.8% of patients initiated antibiotic use on the day of culture sample collection. A total of 65.6% and 40.8% of Conclusions: This study contributes valuable, real-world data about IED severity. An accepted case definition could promote timely and accurate diagnosis of IED and inform the development of novel preventative strategies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2757767-3
ISSN	2328-8957
ISSN	2328-8957
DOI	10.1093/ofid/ofad026
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Article ; Online: Leveraging a nationwide infection surveillance program to implement a colorectal surgical site infection reduction bundle: a pragmatic, prospective, and multicenter cohort study.

Badia, Josep M / Arroyo-Garcia, Nares / Vázquez, Ana / Almendral, Alexander / Gomila-Grange, Aina / Fraccalvieri, Domenico / Parés, David / Abad-Torrent, Ana / Pascual, Marta / Solís-Peña, Alejandro / Puig-Asensio, Mireia / Pera, Miguel / Gudiol, Francesc / Limón, Enric / Pujol, Miquel

International journal of surgery (London, England)

2023 Volume 109, Issue 4, Page(s) 737–751

Abstract: Background: Bundled interventions usually reduce surgical site infection (SSI) when implemented at single hospitals, but the feasibility of their implementation at the nationwide level and their clinical results are not well established.: Materials ... ...

Abstract	Background: Bundled interventions usually reduce surgical site infection (SSI) when implemented at single hospitals, but the feasibility of their implementation at the nationwide level and their clinical results are not well established. Materials and methods: Pragmatic interventional study to analyze the implementation and outcomes of a colorectal surgery care bundle within a nationwide quality improvement program. The bundle consisted of antibiotic prophylaxis, oral antibiotic prophylaxis (OAP), mechanical bowel preparation, laparoscopy, normothermia, and a wound retractor. Control group (CG) and Intervention group (IG) were compared. Overall SSI, superficial (S-SSI), deep (D-SSI), and organ/space (O/S-SSI) rates were analyzed. Secondary endpoints included microbiology, 30-day mortality, and length of hospital stay. Results: A total of 37 849 procedures were included, 19 655 in the CG and 18 194 in the IG. In all, 5462 SSIs (14.43%) were detected: 1767 S-SSI (4.67%), 847 D-SSI (2.24%), and 2838 O/S-SSI (7.5%). Overall SSI fell from 18.38% (CG) to 10.17% (IG), odds ratio (OR) of 0.503 [0.473-0.524]. O/S-SSI rates were 9.15% (CG) and 5.72% (IG), OR of 0.602 [0.556-0.652]. The overall SSI rate was 16.71% when no measure was applied and 6.23% when all six were used. Bundle implementation reduced the probability of overall SSI (OR: 0.331; CI 95 : 0.242-0.453), and also O/S-SSI rate (OR: 0.643; CI 95 : 0.416-0.919). In the univariate analysis, all measures except normothermia were associated with a reduction in overall SSI, while only laparoscopy, OAP, and mechanical bowel preparation were related to a decrease in O/S-SSI. Laparoscopy, wound retractor, and OAP decreased overall SSI and O/S-SSI in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: In this cohort study, the application of a specific care bundle within a nationwide nosocomial infection surveillance system proved feasible and resulted in a significant reduction in overall and O/S-SSI rates in the elective colon and rectal surgery. The OR for SSI fell between 1.5 and 3 times after the implementation of the bundle.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology ; Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control ; Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2212038-5
ISSN	1743-9159 ; 1743-9191
ISSN (online)	1743-9159
ISSN	1743-9191
DOI	10.1097/JS9.0000000000000277
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Article ; Online: Risk factors for hospital readmission following complicated urinary tract infection.

Babich, Tanya / Eliakim-Raz, Noa / Turjeman, Adi / Pujol, Miquel / Carratalà, Jordi / Shaw, Evelyn / Gomila Grange, Aina / Vuong, Cuong / Addy, Ibironke / Wiegand, Irith / Grier, Sally / MacGowan, Alasdair / Vank, Christiane / van den Heuvel, Leo / Leibovici, Leonard

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 6926

Abstract: Hospital readmissions following severe infections are a major economic burden on the health care system and have a negative influence on patients' quality of life. Understanding the risk factors for readmission, particularly the extent to which they ... ...

Abstract	Hospital readmissions following severe infections are a major economic burden on the health care system and have a negative influence on patients' quality of life. Understanding the risk factors for readmission, particularly the extent to which they could be prevented, is of a great importance. In this study we evaluated potentially preventable risk factors for 60-day readmission in patients surviving hospitalization for complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI). This was a multinational, multicentre retrospective cohort study conducted in Europe and the Middle East. Our cohort included survivors of hospitalization due to cUTI during the years 2013-2014. The primary outcome was 60-day readmission following index hospitalization. Patient characteristics that could have influenced readmission: demographics, infection presentation and management, microbiological and clinical data; were collected via computerized medical records from infection onset up to 60 days after hospital discharge. Overall, 742 patients were included. The cohort median age was 68 years (interquartile range, (IQR) 55-80) and 43.3% (321/742) of patients were males. The all-cause 60-day readmission rate was 20.1% (149/742) and more than half were readmitted for infection [57.1%, (80/140)]. Recurrent cUTI was the most frequent cause for readmission [46.4% (65/140)]. Statistically significant risk factors associated with 60-day readmission in multivariable analysis were: older age (odds ratio (OR) 1.02 for an one-year increment, confidence interval (CI) 1.005-1.03), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.04-2.55), cancer (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.05-2.77), previous urinary tract infection (UTI) in the last year (OR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.14-2.83), insertion of an indwelling bladder catheter (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.07-2.45) and insertion of percutaneous nephrostomy (OR 3.68, 95% CI 1.67-8.13). In conclusion, patients surviving hospitalization for cUTI are frequently re-hospitalized, mostly for recurrent urinary infections associated with a medical condition that necessitated urinary interventions. Interventions to avoid re-admissions should target these patients.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Europe/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Israel/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Tract Infections/complications ; Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-86246-7
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Article ; Online: Risk factors for enterococcal urinary tract infections: a multinational, retrospective cohort study.

Turjeman, Adi / Babich, Tanya / Pujol, Miquel / Carratalà, Jordi / Shaw, Evelyn / Gomila-Grange, Aina / Vuong, Cuong / Addy, Ibironke / Wiegand, Irith / Grier, Sally / MacGowan, Alasdair / Vank, Christiane / Cuperus, Nienke / van den Heuvel, Leo / Leibovici, Leonard / Eliakim-Raz, Noa

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology

2021 Volume 40, Issue 9, Page(s) 2005–2010

Abstract: Complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) is a frequent cause of morbidity. In this multinational retrospective cohort study, we aimed to demonstrate risk factors for enterococcal UTI. Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for ... ...

Abstract	Complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) is a frequent cause of morbidity. In this multinational retrospective cohort study, we aimed to demonstrate risk factors for enterococcal UTI. Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for enterococcal infection were performed. Among 791 hospitalized patients with cUTI, enterococci accounted for approximately 10% of cases (78/791). Risk factors for enterococcal UTI in multivariable analysis were male gender, age range of 55-75 years, catheter-associated UTI, and urinary retention. This information may assist treating physicians in their decision-making on prescribing empiric anti-enterococcus treatment to hospitalized patients presenting with cUTI and thus improve clinical outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Enterococcus/drug effects ; Enterococcus/pathogenicity ; Europe ; Female ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Internationality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Middle East ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Tract Infections/complications ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-02
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	603155-9
ISSN	1435-4373 ; 0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
ISSN (online)	1435-4373
ISSN	0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
DOI	10.1007/s10096-021-04207-4
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Article ; Online: Cloxacillin plus fosfomycin versus cloxacillin alone for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a randomized trial.

Grillo, Sara / Pujol, Miquel / Miró, Josep M / López-Contreras, Joaquín / Euba, Gorane / Gasch, Oriol / Boix-Palop, Lucia / Garcia-País, Maria José / Pérez-Rodríguez, Maria Teresa / Gomez-Zorrilla, Silvia / Oriol, Isabel / López-Cortés, Luis Eduardo / Pedro-Botet, Maria Luisa / San-Juan, Rafael / Aguado, José María / Gioia, Francesca / Iftimie, Simona / Morata, Laura / Jover-Sáenz, Alfredo /

García-Pardo, Graciano / Loeches, Belén / Izquierdo-Cárdenas, Álvaro / Goikoetxea, Ane Josune / Gomila-Grange, Aina / Dietl, Beatriz / Berbel, Damaris / Videla, Sebastian / Hereu, Pilar / Padullés, Ariadna / Pallarès, Natalia / Tebé, Cristian / Cuervo, Guillermo / Carratalà, Jordi

Nature medicine

2023 Volume 29, Issue 10, Page(s) 2518–2525

Abstract: Treatment failure occurs in about 25% of patients with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia. We assessed whether cloxacillin plus fosfomycin achieves better treatment success than cloxacillin alone in hospitalized adults with ... ...

Abstract	Treatment failure occurs in about 25% of patients with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia. We assessed whether cloxacillin plus fosfomycin achieves better treatment success than cloxacillin alone in hospitalized adults with MSSA bacteremia. We conducted a multicenter, open-label, phase III-IV superiority randomized clinical trial. We randomly assigned patients (1:1) to receive 2 g of intravenous cloxacillin alone every 4 h or with 3 g of intravenous fosfomycin every 6 h for the initial 7 days. The primary endpoint was treatment success at day 7, a composite endpoint with the following criteria: patient alive, stable or with improved quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, afebrile and with negative blood cultures for MSSA, adjudicated by an independent committee blinded to treatment allocation. We randomized 215 patients, of whom 105 received cloxacillin plus fosfomycin and 110 received cloxacillin alone. We analyzed the primary endpoint with the intention-to-treat approach in 214 patients who received at least 1 day of treatment. Treatment success at day 7 after randomization was achieved in 83 (79.8%) of 104 patients receiving combination treatment versus 82 (74.5%) of 110 patients receiving monotherapy (risk difference 5.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI), -5.95-16.48). Secondary endpoints, including mortality and adverse events, were similar in the two groups except for persistent bacteremia at day 3, which was less common in the combination arm. In a prespecified interim analysis, the independent committee recommended stopping recruitment for futility prior to meeting the planned randomization of 366 patients. Cloxacillin plus fosfomycin did not achieve better treatment success at day 7 of therapy than cloxacillin alone in MSSA bacteremia. Further trials should consider the intrinsic heterogeneity of the infection by using a more personalized approach. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03959345 .
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Bacteremia/drug therapy ; Cloxacillin/adverse effects ; Fosfomycin/therapeutic use ; Methicillin/therapeutic use ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Treatment Outcome ; Drug Therapy, Combination/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cloxacillin (O6X5QGC2VB) ; Fosfomycin (2N81MY12TE) ; Methicillin (Q91FH1328A)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Clinical Trial, Phase III ; Clinical Trial, Phase IV ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1220066-9
ISSN	1546-170X ; 1078-8956
ISSN (online)	1546-170X
ISSN	1078-8956
DOI	10.1038/s41591-023-02569-0
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Article ; Online: Treatment variability and its relationships to outcomes among patients with Wernicke's encephalopathy: A multicenter retrospective study.

Novo-Veleiro, Ignacio / Mateos-Díaz, Ana-M / Rosón-Hernández, Beatriz / Medina-García, José-A / Muga, Roberto / Fernández-Solá, Joaquim / Martín-González, M-Candelaria / Seco-Hernández, Elena / Suárez-Cuervo, Carlos / Monte-Secades, Rafael / Machado-Prieto, Begoña / Puerta-Louro, Rubén / Prada-González, Cristina / Fernández-Rial, Álvaro / Sabio-Repiso, Patricia / Vázquez-Vigo, Rocío / Antolí-Royo, Ana-C / Gomila-Grange, Aina / Felipe-Pérez, Nieves-C /

Sanvisens-Bergé, Arantza / Antúnez-Jorge, Emilia / Fernández-Rodríguez, Camino-M / Alvela-Suárez, Lucia / Fidalgo-Navarro, Alba / Castro, Joaquín / Polvorosa-Gómez, María-A / Valle-Sánchez, Mario Del / López-Castro, José / Chamorro, Antonio-J / Marcos, Miguel

Drug and alcohol dependence

2023 Volume 252, Page(s) 110961

Abstract: Background: Despite guidelines and recommendations, Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) treatment lacks evidence, leading to clinical practice variability.: Aims: Given the overall lack of information on thiamine use for WE treatment, we analyzed data ... ...

Abstract	Background: Despite guidelines and recommendations, Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) treatment lacks evidence, leading to clinical practice variability. Aims: Given the overall lack of information on thiamine use for WE treatment, we analyzed data from a large, well-characterized multicenter sample of patients with WE, examining thiamine dosages; factors associated with the use of different doses, frequencies, and routes; and the influence of differences in thiamine treatment on the outcome. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted with data from 443 patients from 21 centers obtained from a nationwide registry of the Spanish Society of Internal Medicine (from 2000 to 2012). Discharge codes and Caine criteria were applied for WE diagnosis, and treatment-related (thiamine dosage, frequency, and route of administration) demographic, clinical, and outcome variables were analyzed. Results: We found marked variability in WE treatment and a low rate of high-dose intravenous thiamine administration. Seventy-eight patients out of 373 (20.9%) received > 300mg/day of thiamine as initial dose. Patients fulfilling the Caine criteria or presenting with the classic WE triad more frequently received parenteral treatment. Delayed diagnosis (after 24h hospitalization), the fulfillment of more than two Caine criteria at diagnosis, mental status alterations, and folic acid deficiency were associated significantly with the lack of complete recovery. Malnutrition, reduced consciousness, folic acid deficiency, and the lack of timely thiamine treatment were risk factors for mortality. Conclusions: Our results clearly show extreme variability in thiamine dosages and routes used in the management of WE. Measures should be implemented to ensure adherence to current guidelines and to correct potential nutritional deficits in patients with alcohol use disorders or other risk factors for WE.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Wernicke Encephalopathy/diagnosis ; Wernicke Encephalopathy/drug therapy ; Alcoholism/drug therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Folic Acid Deficiency/complications ; Folic Acid Deficiency/drug therapy ; Thiamine/therapeutic use ; Thiamine Deficiency/complications ; Thiamine Deficiency/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Thiamine (X66NSO3N35)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-09
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	519918-9
ISSN	1879-0046 ; 0376-8716
ISSN (online)	1879-0046
ISSN	0376-8716
DOI	10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110961
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Article ; Online: PRAISE: providing a roadmap for automated infection surveillance in Europe.

van Mourik, Maaike S M / van Rooden, Stephanie M / Abbas, Mohamed / Aspevall, Olov / Astagneau, Pascal / Bonten, Marc J M / Carrara, Elena / Gomila-Grange, Aina / de Greeff, Sabine C / Gubbels, Sophie / Harrison, Wendy / Humphreys, Hilary / Johansson, Anders / Koek, Mayke B G / Kristensen, Brian / Lepape, Alain / Lucet, Jean-Christophe / Mookerjee, Siddharth / Naucler, Pontus /

Palacios-Baena, Zaira R / Presterl, Elisabeth / Pujol, Miquel / Reilly, Jacqui / Roberts, Christopher / Tacconelli, Evelina / Teixeira, Daniel / Tängdén, Thomas / Valik, John Karlsson / Behnke, Michael / Gastmeier, Petra

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

2021 Volume 27 Suppl 1, Page(s) S3–S19

Abstract: Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are among the most common adverse events of medical care. Surveillance of HAI is a key component of successful infection prevention programmes. Conventional surveillance - manual chart review - is ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are among the most common adverse events of medical care. Surveillance of HAI is a key component of successful infection prevention programmes. Conventional surveillance - manual chart review - is resource intensive and limited by concerns regarding interrater reliability. This has led to the development and use of automated surveillance (AS). Many AS systems are the product of in-house development efforts and heterogeneous in their design and methods. With this roadmap, the PRAISE network aims to provide guidance on how to move AS from the research setting to large-scale implementation, and how to ensure the delivery of surveillance data that are uniform and useful for improvement of quality of care. Methods: The PRAISE network brings together 30 experts from ten European countries. This roadmap is based on the outcome of two workshops, teleconference meetings and review by an independent panel of international experts. Results: This roadmap focuses on the surveillance of HAI within networks of healthcare facilities for the purpose of comparison, prevention and quality improvement initiatives. The roadmap does the following: discusses the selection of surveillance targets, different organizational and methodologic approaches and their advantages, disadvantages and risks; defines key performance requirements of AS systems and suggestions for their design; provides guidance on successful implementation and maintenance; and discusses areas of future research and training requirements for the infection prevention and related disciplines. The roadmap is supported by accompanying documents regarding the governance and information technology aspects of implementing AS. Conclusions: Large-scale implementation of AS requires guidance and coordination within and across surveillance networks. Transitions to large-scale AS entail redevelopment of surveillance methods and their interpretation, intensive dialogue with stakeholders and the investment of considerable resources. This roadmap can be used to guide future steps towards implementation, including designing solutions for AS and practical guidance checklists.
MeSH term(s)	Automation ; Cross Infection/epidemiology ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Europe/epidemiology ; Humans ; Infection Control/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1328418-6
ISSN	1469-0691 ; 1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
ISSN (online)	1469-0691
ISSN	1470-9465 ; 1198-743X
DOI	10.1016/j.cmi.2021.02.028
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