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Article ; Online: Fasting for stem cell rejuvenation.

González-Estévez, Cristina / Flores, Ignacio

Aging

2020 Volume 12, Issue 5, Page(s) 4048–4049

MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Fasting/physiology ; Humans ; Longevity/physiology ; Planarians/physiology ; Rejuvenation/physiology ; Stem Cells/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1945-4589
ISSN (online)	1945-4589
DOI	10.18632/aging.102912
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Article ; Online: Autophagy meets planarians.

González-Estévez, Cristina

Autophagy

2009 Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) 290–297

Abstract: This review aims to demonstrate the importance of freshwater planarians as model organisms, particularly emphasizing those characteristics of the animal that make them a good model to study autophagy. The aim of this review is to provide a better ... ...

Abstract	This review aims to demonstrate the importance of freshwater planarians as model organisms, particularly emphasizing those characteristics of the animal that make them a good model to study autophagy. The aim of this review is to provide a better understanding of autophagy in this model for the nonplanarian reader, and elucidate the relevance of autophagy research in this peculiar model organism. Furthermore, I will try to synthesize the evidence showing the importance of autophagy in planarian body remodeling, and I will discuss some ideas about the role of autophagy in stem cell biology. In light of these new developments, it is likely that the planarian field will make an important contribution to the study of the molecular mechanisms involved in autophagy in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Autophagy ; Humans ; Models, Anatomic ; Models, Animal ; Models, Biological ; Planarians/anatomy & histology ; Planarians/physiology ; RNA Interference ; Regeneration ; Stem Cells/cytology ; Stem Cells/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-04-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2454135-7
ISSN	1554-8635 ; 1554-8627
ISSN (online)	1554-8635
ISSN	1554-8627
DOI	10.4161/auto.5.3.7665
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Zs.A 6741: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Planarian finds time(less) to fight infection.

Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Óscar / Felix, Daniel A / González-Estévez, Cristina

Virulence

2017 , Page(s) 1–6

Language	English
Publishing date	2017-03-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2657572-3
ISSN	2150-5608 ; 2150-5594
ISSN (online)	2150-5608
ISSN	2150-5594
DOI	10.1080/21505594.2017.1300735
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Article ; Online: Autophagy in freshwater planarians.

González-Estévez, Cristina

Methods in enzymology

2008 Volume 451, Page(s) 439–465

Abstract: Planarians provide a new and emergent in vivo model organism to study autophagy. On the whole, maintaining the normal homeostatic balance in planarians requires continuous dynamic adjustment of many processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, ... ...

Abstract	Planarians provide a new and emergent in vivo model organism to study autophagy. On the whole, maintaining the normal homeostatic balance in planarians requires continuous dynamic adjustment of many processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and autophagy. This makes them very different from other models where autophagy only occurs at very specific times and/or in very specific organs. This chapter aims to offer a general vision of planarians as a model organism, placing more emphasis on those characteristics related to autophagy and describing how autophagy fits into the processes of body remodeling during regeneration and starvation. We also define exactly what is known about autophagy in these organisms and we discuss the techniques available to study the relevant processes, as well as the techniques that are currently being developed. As such, this chapter will serve as a compilation of the techniques available to investigate autophagy in planarians.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Autophagy/physiology ; Caspase 3/metabolism ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; In Situ Hybridization/methods ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling/methods ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission/methods ; Models, Biological ; Planarians/physiology ; Planarians/ultrastructure ; Regeneration/physiology
Chemical Substances	Caspase 3 (EC 3.4.22.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-10-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1557-7988
ISSN (online)	1557-7988
DOI	10.1016/S0076-6879(08)03227-8
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Article ; Online: It is not all about regeneration: Planarians striking power to stand starvation.

Felix, Daniel A / Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Óscar / Espada, Lilia / Thems, Anne / González-Estévez, Cristina

Seminars in cell & developmental biology

2018 Volume 87, Page(s) 169–181

Abstract: All living forms, prokaryotes as eukaryotes, have some means of adaptation to food scarcity, which extends the survival chances under extreme environmental conditions. Nowadays we know that dietary interventions, including fasting, extends lifespan of ... ...

Abstract	All living forms, prokaryotes as eukaryotes, have some means of adaptation to food scarcity, which extends the survival chances under extreme environmental conditions. Nowadays we know that dietary interventions, including fasting, extends lifespan of many organisms and can also protect against age-related diseases including in humans. Therefore, the capacity of adapting to periods of food scarcity may have evolved billions of years ago not only to allow immediate organismal survival but also to be able to extend organismal lifespan or at least to lead to a healthier remaining lifespan. Planarians have been the center of attention since more than two centuries because of their astonishing power of full body regeneration that relies on a large amount of adult stem cells or neoblasts. However, they also present an often-overlooked characteristic. They are able to stand long time starvation. Planarians have adapted to periods of fasting by shrinking or degrowing. Here we will review the published data about starvation in planarians and conclude with the possibility of starvation being one of the processes that rejuvenate the planarian, thus explaining the historical notion of non-ageing planarians.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Fasting ; Food Deprivation/physiology ; Humans ; Planarians/cytology ; Planarians/metabolism ; Regeneration ; Rejuvenation
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1312473-0
ISSN	1096-3634 ; 1084-9521
ISSN (online)	1096-3634
ISSN	1084-9521
DOI	10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.04.010
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Zs.A 2918: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Autophagy and apoptosis in planarians.

González-Estévez, Cristina / Saló, Emili

Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death

2010 Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 279–292

Abstract: Adult planarians are capable of undergoing regeneration and body remodelling in order to adapt to physical damage or extreme environmental conditions. Moreover, most planarians can tolerate long periods of starvation and during this time, they shrink ... ...

Abstract	Adult planarians are capable of undergoing regeneration and body remodelling in order to adapt to physical damage or extreme environmental conditions. Moreover, most planarians can tolerate long periods of starvation and during this time, they shrink from an adult size to, and sometimes beyond, the initial size at hatching. Indeed, these properties have made them a classic model to study stem cells and regeneration. Under such stressful conditions, food reserves from the gastrodermis and parenchyma are first used up and later the testes, copulatory organs and ovaries are digested. More surprisingly, when food is again made available to shrunken individuals, they grow back to adult size and all their reproductive structures reappear. These cycles of growth and shrinkage may occur over long periods without any apparent impairment to the individual, or to its future maturation and breeding capacities. This plasticity resides in a mesoderm tissue known as the parenchyma, which is formed by several differentiated non-proliferating cell types and only one mitotically active cell type, the neoblasts, which represent approximately 20-30% of the cells in the parenchyma. Neoblasts are generally thought to be somatic stem-cells that participate in the normal continuous turnover of all cell types in planarians. Hence, planarians are organisms that continuously adapt their bodies (morphallaxis) to different environmental stresses (i.e.: injury or starvation). This adaptation involves a variety of processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy, all of which are perfectly orchestrated and tightly regulated to remodel or restore the body pattern. While neoblast biology and body re-patterning are currently the subject of intense research, apoptosis and autophagy remain much less studied. In this review we will summarize our current understanding and hypotheses regarding where and when apoptosis and autophagy occur and fulfil an essential role in planarians.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Cytoprotection ; Planarians/cytology ; Planarians/ultrastructure
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-03
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1452360-7
ISSN	1573-675X ; 1360-8185
ISSN (online)	1573-675X
ISSN	1360-8185
DOI	10.1007/s10495-009-0445-4
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Zs.A 5178: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Regeneration in starved planarians depends on TRiC/CCT subunits modulating the unfolded protein response.

Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Óscar / Felix, Daniel A / Salvetti, Alessandra / Amro, Elias M / Thems, Anne / Pietsch, Stefan / Koeberle, Andreas / Rudolph, K Lenhard / González-Estévez, Cristina

EMBO reports

2021 Volume 22, Issue 8, Page(s) e52905

Abstract: Planarians are able to stand long periods of starvation by maintaining adult stem cell pools and regenerative capacity. The molecular pathways that are needed for the maintenance of regeneration during starvation are not known. Here, we show that down- ... ...

Abstract	Planarians are able to stand long periods of starvation by maintaining adult stem cell pools and regenerative capacity. The molecular pathways that are needed for the maintenance of regeneration during starvation are not known. Here, we show that down-regulation of chaperonin TRiC/CCT subunits abrogates the regeneration capacity of planarians during starvation, but TRiC/CCT subunits are dispensable for regeneration in fed planarians. Under starvation, they are required to maintain mitotic fidelity and for blastema formation. We show that TRiC subunits modulate the unfolded protein response (UPR) and are required to maintain ATP levels in starved planarians. Regenerative defects in starved CCT-depleted planarians can be rescued by either chemical induction of mild endoplasmic reticulum stress, which leads to induction of the UPR, or by the supplementation of fatty acids. Together, these results indicate that CCT-dependent UPR induction promotes regeneration of planarians under food restriction.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chaperonin Containing TCP-1 ; Down-Regulation ; Planarians/genetics ; Unfolded Protein Response
Chemical Substances	Chaperonin Containing TCP-1 (EC 3.6.1.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2020896-0
ISSN	1469-3178 ; 1469-221X
ISSN (online)	1469-3178
ISSN	1469-221X
DOI	10.15252/embr.202152905
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Zs.A 5433: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 41: Show issues

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Article: Autophagy and apoptosis in planarians

González-Estévez, Cristina / Saló, Emili

Apoptosis. 2010 Mar., v. 15, no. 3

2010

Abstract	Adult planarians are capable of undergoing regeneration and body remodelling in order to adapt to physical damage or extreme environmental conditions. Moreover, most planarians can tolerate long periods of starvation and during this time, they shrink from an adult size to, and sometimes beyond, the initial size at hatching. Indeed, these properties have made them a classic model to study stem cells and regeneration. Under such stressful conditions, food reserves from the gastrodermis and parenchyma are first used up and later the testes, copulatory organs and ovaries are digested. More surprisingly, when food is again made available to shrunken individuals, they grow back to adult size and all their reproductive structures reappear. These cycles of growth and shrinkage may occur over long periods without any apparent impairment to the individual, or to its future maturation and breeding capacities. This plasticity resides in a mesoderm tissue known as the parenchyma, which is formed by several differentiated non-proliferating cell types and only one mitotically active cell type, the neoblasts, which represent approximately 20-30% of the cells in the parenchyma. Neoblasts are generally thought to be somatic stem-cells that participate in the normal continuous turnover of all cell types in planarians. Hence, planarians are organisms that continuously adapt their bodies (morphallaxis) to different environmental stresses (i.e.: injury or starvation). This adaptation involves a variety of processes including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy, all of which are perfectly orchestrated and tightly regulated to remodel or restore the body pattern. While neoblast biology and body re-patterning are currently the subject of intense research, apoptosis and autophagy remain much less studied. In this review we will summarize our current understanding and hypotheses regarding where and when apoptosis and autophagy occur and fulfil an essential role in planarians.
Language	English
Dates of publication	2010-03
Size	p. 279-292.
Publisher	Springer US
Publishing place	Boston
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1452360-7
ISSN	1360-8185
ISSN	1360-8185
DOI	10.1007/s10495-009-0445-4
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Article ; Online: Downregulation of mTOR Signaling Increases Stem Cell Population Telomere Length during Starvation of Immortal Planarians.

Iglesias, Marta / Felix, Daniel A / Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Óscar / De Miguel-Bonet, Maria Del Mar / Sahu, Sounak / Fernández-Varas, Beatriz / Perona, Rosario / Aboobaker, A Aziz / Flores, Ignacio / González-Estévez, Cristina

Stem cell reports

2019 Volume 13, Issue 2, Page(s) 405–418

Abstract: Reduction of caloric intake delays and prevents age-associated diseases and extends the life span in many organisms. It may be that these benefits are due to positive effects of caloric restriction on stem cell function. We use the planarian model ... ...

Abstract	Reduction of caloric intake delays and prevents age-associated diseases and extends the life span in many organisms. It may be that these benefits are due to positive effects of caloric restriction on stem cell function. We use the planarian model Schmidtea mediterranea, an immortal animal that adapts to long periods of starvation by shrinking in size, to investigate the effects of starvation on telomere length. We show that the longest telomeres are a general signature of planarian adult stem cells. We also observe that starvation leads to an enrichment of stem cells with the longest telomeres and that this enrichment is dependent on mTOR signaling. We propose that one important effect of starvation for the rejuvenation of the adult stem cell pool is through increasing the median telomere length in somatic stem cells. Such a mechanism has broad implications for how dietary effects on aging are mediated at the whole-organism level.
MeSH term(s)	Adult Stem Cells/cytology ; Adult Stem Cells/metabolism ; Animals ; Argonaute Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Argonaute Proteins/genetics ; Argonaute Proteins/metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Helminth Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors ; Helminth Proteins/genetics ; Helminth Proteins/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Planarians/genetics ; Planarians/physiology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Double-Stranded/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Starvation ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Telomere/genetics ; Telomere Homeostasis
Chemical Substances	Argonaute Proteins ; Helminth Proteins ; RNA, Double-Stranded ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.1.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2720528-9
ISSN	2213-6711 ; 2213-6711
ISSN (online)	2213-6711
ISSN	2213-6711
DOI	10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.06.005
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Article ; Online: Staphylococcus aureus-Derived α-Hemolysin Evokes Generation of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators Promoting Inflammation Resolution.

Jordan, Paul M / Gerstmeier, Jana / Pace, Simona / Bilancia, Rossella / Rao, Zhigang / Börner, Friedemann / Miek, Laura / Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Óscar / Arakandy, Vandana / Rossi, Antonietta / Ialenti, Armando / González-Estévez, Cristina / Löffler, Bettina / Tuchscherr, Lorena / Serhan, Charles N / Werz, Oliver

Cell reports

2020 Volume 33, Issue 2, Page(s) 108247

Abstract: Underlying mechanisms of how infectious inflammation is resolved by the host are incompletely understood. One hallmark of inflammation resolution is the activation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that enhance bacterial clearance and promote ...

Abstract	Underlying mechanisms of how infectious inflammation is resolved by the host are incompletely understood. One hallmark of inflammation resolution is the activation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that enhance bacterial clearance and promote tissue repair. Here, we reveal α-hemolysin (Hla) from Staphylococcus aureus as a potent elicitor of SPM biosynthesis in human M2-like macrophages and in the mouse peritoneum through selective activation of host 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1). S. aureus-induced SPM formation in M2 is abolished upon Hla depletion or 15-LOX-1 knockdown. Isolated Hla elicits SPM formation in M2 that is reverted by inhibition of the Hla receptor ADAM10. Lipid mediators derived from Hla-treated M2 accelerate planarian tissue regeneration. Hla but not zymosan provokes substantial SPM formation in the mouse peritoneum, devoid of leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Besides harming the host, Hla may also exert beneficial functions by stimulating SPM production to promote the resolution of infectious inflammation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2649101-1
ISSN	2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
ISSN (online)	2211-1247
ISSN	2211-1247
DOI	10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108247
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