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  1. Article ; Online: Synthetic data in health care: A narrative review.

    Gonzales, Aldren / Guruswamy, Guruprabha / Smith, Scott R

    PLOS digital health

    2023  Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) e0000082

    Abstract: Data are central to research, public health, and in developing health information technology (IT) systems. Nevertheless, access to most data in health care is tightly controlled, which may limit innovation, development, and efficient implementation of ... ...

    Abstract Data are central to research, public health, and in developing health information technology (IT) systems. Nevertheless, access to most data in health care is tightly controlled, which may limit innovation, development, and efficient implementation of new research, products, services, or systems. Using synthetic data is one of the many innovative ways that can allow organizations to share datasets with broader users. However, only a limited set of literature is available that explores its potentials and applications in health care. In this review paper, we examined existing literature to bridge the gap and highlight the utility of synthetic data in health care. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify peer-reviewed articles, conference papers, reports, and thesis/dissertations articles related to the generation and use of synthetic datasets in health care. The review identified seven use cases of synthetic data in health care: a) simulation and prediction research, b) hypothesis, methods, and algorithm testing, c) epidemiology/public health research, d) health IT development, e) education and training, f) public release of datasets, and g) linking data. The review also identified readily and publicly accessible health care datasets, databases, and sandboxes containing synthetic data with varying degrees of utility for research, education, and software development. The review provided evidence that synthetic data are helpful in different aspects of health care and research. While the original real data remains the preferred choice, synthetic data hold possibilities in bridging data access gaps in research and evidence-based policymaking.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2767-3170
    ISSN (online) 2767-3170
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000082
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: End Users' Perspectives on the Quality and Design of mHealth Technologies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines: Qualitative Study.

    Gonzales, Aldren / Custodio, Razel / Lapitan, Marie Carmela / Ladia, Mary Ann

    JMIR formative research

    2023  Volume 7, Page(s) e41838

    Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has expanded the use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies in contact tracing, communicating COVID-19-related information, and monitoring the health conditions of the general population in the Philippines. However, ... ...

    Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has expanded the use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies in contact tracing, communicating COVID-19-related information, and monitoring the health conditions of the general population in the Philippines. However, the limited end-user engagement in the features and feedback along the development cycle of mHealth technologies results in risks in adoption. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends user-centric design and development of mHealth technologies to ensure responsiveness to the needs of the end users.
    Objective: The goal of the study is to understand, using end users' perspectives, the design and quality of mHealth technology implementations in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on the areas identified by stakeholders: (1) utility, (2) technology readiness level, (3) design, (4) information, (5) usability, (6) features, and (7) security and privacy.
    Methods: Using a descriptive qualitative design, we conducted 5 interviews and 3 focus group discussions (FGDs) with a total of 16 participants (6, 37.5%, males and 10, 62.5%, females). Questions were based on the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). Using the cyclical coding approach, transcripts were analyzed with NVivo 12. Themes were identified.
    Results: The qualitative analysis identified 18 themes that were organized under the 7 focus areas: (1) utility: use of mHealth technologies and motivations in using mHealth; (2) technology readiness: mobile technology literacy and user segmentation; (3) design: user interface design, language and content accessibility, and technology design; (4) information: accuracy of information and use of information; (5) usability: design factors, dependency on human processes, and technical issues; (6) features: interoperability and data integration, other feature and design recommendations, and technology features and upgrades; and (7) privacy and security: trust that mHealth can secure data, lack of information, and policies. To highlight, accessibility, privacy and security, a simple interface, and integration are some of the design and quality areas that end users find important and consider in using mHealth tools.
    Conclusions: Engaging end users in the development and design of mHealth technologies ensures adoption and accessibility, making it a valuable tool in curbing the pandemic. The 6 principles for developers, researchers, and implementers to consider when scaling up or developing a new mHealth solution in a low-resource setting are that it should (1) be driven by value in its implementation, (2) be inclusive, (3) address users' physical and cognitive restrictions, (4) ensure privacy and security, (5) be designed in accordance with digital health systems' standards, and (6) be trusted by end users.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-20
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2561-326X
    ISSN (online) 2561-326X
    DOI 10.2196/41838
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Mobile applications in the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic: systematic search, use case mapping, and quality assessment using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS).

    Gonzales, Aldren / Custodio, Razel / Lapitan, Marie Carmela / Ladia, Mary Ann

    BMC digital health

    2023  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 8

    Abstract: Background: In the Philippines, various mobile health apps were implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic with very little knowledge in terms of their quality. The aims of this paper were 1) to systemically search for mobile apps with COVID-19 pandemic ... ...

    Abstract Background: In the Philippines, various mobile health apps were implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic with very little knowledge in terms of their quality. The aims of this paper were 1) to systemically search for mobile apps with COVID-19 pandemic use case that are implemented in the Philippines; 2) to assess the apps using Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS); and 3) to identify the critical points for future improvements of these apps.
    Methods: To identify existing mobile applications with COVID-19 pandemic use case employed in the Philippines, Google Play and Apple App Stores were systematically searched. Further search was conducted using the Google Search. Data were extracted from the app web store profile and apps were categorized according to use cases. Mobile apps that met the inclusion criteria were independently assessed and scored by two researchers using the MARS-a 23-item, expert-based rating scale for assessing the quality of mHealth applications.
    Results: A total of 27 apps were identified and assessed using MARS. The majority of the apps are designed for managing exposure to COVID-19 and for promoting health monitoring. The overall MARS score of all the apps is 3.62 points (SD 0.7), with a maximum score of 4.7 for an app used for telehealth and a minimum of 2.3 for a COVID-19 health declaration app. The majority (
    Conclusions: There is a heterogenous quality of mHealth apps implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. The study also identified areas to better improve the tools. Considering that mHealth is expected to be an integral part of the healthcare system post-pandemic, the results warrant better policies and guidance in the development and implementation to ensure quality across the board and as a result, positively impact health outcomes.
    Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s44247-023-00007-2.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2731-684X
    ISSN (online) 2731-684X
    DOI 10.1186/s44247-023-00007-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Potential Uses of Blockchain Technology for Outcomes Research on Opioids.

    Gonzales, Aldren / Smith, Scott R / Dullabh, Prashila / Hovey, Lauren / Heaney-Huls, Krysta / Robichaud, Meagan / Boodoo, Roger

    JMIR medical informatics

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 8, Page(s) e16293

    Abstract: The scale and severity of the opioid epidemic call for innovative, multipronged solutions. Research and development is key to accelerate the discovery and evaluation of interventions that support pain and substance use disorder management. In parallel, ... ...

    Abstract The scale and severity of the opioid epidemic call for innovative, multipronged solutions. Research and development is key to accelerate the discovery and evaluation of interventions that support pain and substance use disorder management. In parallel, the use and integration of blockchain technology within research networks holds the potential to address some of the unique challenges facing opioid research. This paper discusses the applications of blockchain technology and illustrates potential ways in which it could be applied to strengthen the validity of outcomes research on the opioid epidemic. We reviewed published and gray literature to identify useful applications of blockchain, specifically those that address the challenges faced by opioid research networks and programs. We then convened a panel of experts to discuss the strengths, limitations, and feasibility of each application. Blockchain has the potential to address some of the issues surrounding health data management, including data availability, data sharing and interoperability, and privacy and security. We identified five primary applications of blockchain to opioids: clinical trials and pharmaceutical research, incentivizing data donation and behavior change, secure exchange and management of e-prescriptions, supply chain management, and secondary use of clinical data for research and public health surveillance. The published literature was limited, leading us to rely on gray literature, which was also limited in its discussion of the technical aspects of implementation. The technical expert panel provided additional context and an assessment of feasibility that was lacking in the literature. Research on opioid use and misuse is challenging because of disparate data stored across different systems, data and system interoperability issues, and legal requirements. These areas must be navigated to make data accessible, timely, and useful to researchers. Blockchain technologies have the potential to act as a facilitator in this process, offering a more efficient, secure, and privacy-preserving solution for data exchange. Among the 5 primary applications, we found that clinical trial research, supply chain management, and secondary use of data had the most examples in practice and the potential effectiveness of blockchain. More discussions and studies should focus on addressing technical questions concerning scalability and tackling practical concerns such as cost, standards, and governance around the implementation of blockchain in health care. Policy concerns related to balancing the need for data accessibility that also protects patient privacy and autonomy in revoking consent should also be examined.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-27
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2798261-0
    ISSN 2291-9694
    ISSN 2291-9694
    DOI 10.2196/16293
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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