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  1. Article: Efficient and scalable gene delivery method with easily generated cationic carbon dots.

    Algarra, Manuel / Gonzalez-Muñoz, Elena

    Biological procedures online

    2024  Volume 26, Issue 1, Page(s) 6

    Abstract: Gene delivery is a complex process with several challenges when attempting to incorporate genetic material efficiently and safely into target cells. Some of the key challenges include not only efficient cellular uptake and endosomal escape to ensure that ...

    Abstract Gene delivery is a complex process with several challenges when attempting to incorporate genetic material efficiently and safely into target cells. Some of the key challenges include not only efficient cellular uptake and endosomal escape to ensure that the genetic material can exert its effect but also minimizing the toxicity of the delivery system, which is vital for safe gene delivery. Of importance, if gene delivery systems are intended for biomedical applications or clinical use, they must be scalable and easy and affordable to manufacture to meet the demand. Here, we show an efficient gene delivery method using a combination of carbon dots coated by PEI through electrostatic binding to easily generate cationic carbon dots. We show a biofunctional approach to generate optimal cationic carbon dots (CCDs) that can be scaled up to meet specific transfection demands. CCDs improve cell viability and increase transfection efficiency four times over the standard of PEI polyplexes. Generated CCDs enabled the challenging transfection protocol to produce retroviral vectors via cell cotransfection of three different plasmids into packing cells, showing not only high efficiency but also functionality of the gene delivery, tested as the capacity to produce infective retroviral particles.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2027823-8
    ISSN 1480-9222
    ISSN 1480-9222
    DOI 10.1186/s12575-024-00232-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Multifunctionalized Carbon Dots as an Active Nanocarrier for Drug Delivery to the Glioblastoma Cell Line.

    Algarra, Manuel / Soto, Juan / Pino-González, Maria Soledad / Gonzalez-Munoz, Elena / Dučić, Tanja

    ACS omega

    2024  Volume 9, Issue 12, Page(s) 13818–13830

    Abstract: Nanoparticle-based nanocarriers represent a viable alternative to conventional direct administration in cancer cells. This advanced approach employs the use of nanotechnology to transport therapeutic agents directly to cancer cells, thereby reducing the ... ...

    Abstract Nanoparticle-based nanocarriers represent a viable alternative to conventional direct administration in cancer cells. This advanced approach employs the use of nanotechnology to transport therapeutic agents directly to cancer cells, thereby reducing the risk of damage to healthy cells and enhancing the efficacy of treatment. By approving nanoparticle-based nanocarriers, the potential for targeted, effective treatment is greatly increased. The so-called carbon-based nanoparticles, or carbon dots, have been hydrothermally prepared and initiated by a polymerization process. We synthesized and characterized nanoparticles of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, which showed biocompatibility with glioblastoma cells, and further, we tested them as a carrier for the drug riluzole. The obtained nanoparticles have been extensively characterized by techniques to obtain the exact composition of their surface by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, as well as cryo-transmission electron microscopy. We found that the surface of the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) is covered mainly by sulfonated, carboxylic, and substituted amide groups. These functional groups make them suitable as carriers for drug delivery in cancer cells. Specifically, we have successfully utilized the NPs as a delivery system for the drug riluzole, which has shown efficacy in treating glioblastoma cancer cells. The effect of nanoparticles as carriers for the riluzole system on glioblastoma cells was studied using live-cell synchrotron-based FTIR microspectroscopy to monitor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2470-1343
    ISSN (online) 2470-1343
    DOI 10.1021/acsomega.3c08459
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Understanding menstrual blood-derived stromal/stem cells: Definition and properties. Are we rushing into their therapeutic applications?

    Sanchez-Mata, Alicia / Gonzalez-Muñoz, Elena

    iScience

    2021  Volume 24, Issue 12, Page(s) 103501

    Abstract: Cells with mesenchymal stem cell properties have been identified in menstrual blood and termed menstrual blood-derived stem/stromal cells (MenSCs). MenSCs have been proposed as ideal candidates for cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine and immune- ... ...

    Abstract Cells with mesenchymal stem cell properties have been identified in menstrual blood and termed menstrual blood-derived stem/stromal cells (MenSCs). MenSCs have been proposed as ideal candidates for cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine and immune-related diseases. However, MenSCs identity has been loosely defined so far and there is controversy regarding their cell markers and differentiation potential. In this review, we outline the origin of MenSCs in the context of regenerating human endometrium, with attention to endometrial eMSCs as reference cells to understand MenSCs. We summarize the cell identity markers analyzed and the immunomodulatory and reparative properties reported. We also address the recent use of MenSCs in cell reprogramming. The main goal of this review is to contribute to the understanding of the identity and properties of MenSCs as well as to identify potential caveats and new venues that deserve to be explored to strengthen their potential applications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103501
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Monitoring oocyte-based human pluripotency acquisition using synchrotron-based FTIR microspectroscopy reveals specific biomolecular trajectories.

    Dučić, Tanja / Sanchez-Mata, Alicia / Castillo-Sanchez, Jesus / Algarra, Manuel / Gonzalez-Munoz, Elena

    Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy

    2023  Volume 297, Page(s) 122713

    Abstract: The reprogramming of human somatic cells to induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) has become a milestone and a paradigm shift in the field of regenerative medicine and human disease modeling including drug testing and genome editing. However, the molecular ... ...

    Abstract The reprogramming of human somatic cells to induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) has become a milestone and a paradigm shift in the field of regenerative medicine and human disease modeling including drug testing and genome editing. However, the molecular processes occurring during reprogramming and affecting the pluripotent state acquired remain largely unknown. Of interest, different pluripotent states have been described depending on the reprogramming factors used and the oocyte has emerged as a valuable source of information for candidate factors. The present study investigates the molecular changes occurring in somatic cells during reprogramming with either canonical (OSK) or oocyte-based (AOX15) combinations using synchrotron-radiation Fourier transform infrared (SR FTIR) spectroscopy. The data acquired by SR FTIR indicates different representation and conformation of biological relevant macromolecules (lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and proteins) depending on the reprogramming combination used and at different stages during the reprogramming process. Association analysis based on cells spectra suggest that pluripotency acquisition trajectories converge at late intermediate stages while they diverge at early stages. Our results suggest that OSK and AOX15 reprogramming operates through differential mechanisms affecting nucleic acids reorganization and day 10 comes out as a candidate hinge point to further study the molecular pathways involved in the reprogramming process. This study indicates that SR FTIR approach contribute unpaired information to distinguish pluripotent states and to decipher pluripotency acquisition roadmaps and landmarks that will enable advanced biomedical applications of iPSCs.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cellular Reprogramming ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; Synchrotrons ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Oocytes ; Nucleic Acids
    Chemical Substances Nucleic Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 210413-1
    ISSN 1873-3557 ; 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
    ISSN (online) 1873-3557
    ISSN 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
    DOI 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122713
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Protocol to Reprogram Human Menstrual Blood-Derived Stromal Cells to Generate AOX15-iPSCs.

    Sanzhez-Mata, Alicia / Ferez-Gomez, Alberto / Gonzalez-Muñoz, Elena

    STAR protocols

    2020  Volume 1, Issue 3, Page(s) 100183

    Abstract: Cell reprogramming has revolutionized the fields of cell and regenerative biology. However, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derivation remains inefficient and variable. Here, we present a protocol that uses human menstrual blood-derived ... ...

    Abstract Cell reprogramming has revolutionized the fields of cell and regenerative biology. However, human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derivation remains inefficient and variable. Here, we present a protocol that uses human menstrual blood-derived stromal cells (MnSCs), which are susceptible to reprogramming, as a source of somatic cells. We describe an oocyte-based reprogramming combination to generate AOX15-iPSCs that can be used to study different states of pluripotency. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Lopez-Caraballo et al. (2020).
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Blood Cells/cytology ; Cell Culture Techniques/methods ; Cellular Reprogramming ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/cytology ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; Menstruation/physiology ; Mice ; Oocytes/metabolism ; Stromal Cells/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Virion/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Transcription Factors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins (147336-22-9)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2666-1667
    ISSN (online) 2666-1667
    DOI 10.1016/j.xpro.2020.100183
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Somatic Cell Reprogramming Informed by the Oocyte.

    Gonzalez-Munoz, Elena / Cibelli, Jose B

    Stem cells and development

    2018  Volume 27, Issue 13, Page(s) 871–887

    Abstract: The successful production of animals and embryonic stem cells using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has demonstrated the unmatched nuclear reprogramming capacity of the oocyte and helped prove the degree of plasticity of differentiated cells. The ... ...

    Abstract The successful production of animals and embryonic stem cells using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has demonstrated the unmatched nuclear reprogramming capacity of the oocyte and helped prove the degree of plasticity of differentiated cells. The introduction of transcription factors to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) displaced SCNT and, due to its ease of implementation, became the method of choice for cell reprogramming. Nonetheless, iPSC derivation remains inefficient and stochastic. This review article focuses on using the oocyte as a source of reprogramming factors, comparing the SCNT and iPSC mechanisms for remodeling chromatin and acquiring pluripotency.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cellular Reprogramming/physiology ; Embryonic Stem Cells/physiology ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/physiology ; Oocytes/physiology ; Pluripotent Stem Cells/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2142214-X
    ISSN 1557-8534 ; 1547-3287
    ISSN (online) 1557-8534
    ISSN 1547-3287
    DOI 10.1089/scd.2018.0066
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Analysis of Menstrual Blood Stromal Cells Reveals SOX15 Triggers Oocyte-Based Human Cell Reprogramming.

    Lopez-Caraballo, Lidia / Martorell-Marugan, Jordi / Carmona-Saez, Pedro / Gonzalez-Muñoz, Elena

    iScience

    2020  Volume 23, Issue 8, Page(s) 101376

    Abstract: Cell reprogramming has revolutionized cell and regenerative biology field. However, human iPS derivation remains inefficient and variable. A better knowledge of molecular processes and the rationale underlying the importance of somatic cell origin is ... ...

    Abstract Cell reprogramming has revolutionized cell and regenerative biology field. However, human iPS derivation remains inefficient and variable. A better knowledge of molecular processes and the rationale underlying the importance of somatic cell origin is crucial to uncover reprogramming mechanisms. Here, we analyze the molecular profile of different human somatic cell types. We show menstrual blood-derived stromal cells (MnSCs) have a distinct, reprogramming prone, profile, and we identify SOX15 from their oocyte-related signature as a prominent responsible candidate. SOX15 orchestrates an efficient oocyte-based reprogramming combination when overexpressed with the also oocyte-enriched histone chaperone ASF1A and OCT4 and, through specific mechanism, generates iPSCs with distinguishable pluripotent state that further present higher differentiation capacity than canonical iPSCs. Our work supports the presence of different pluripotency states in reprogramming and the importance of using metaphase-II oocyte and MnSCs information to provide alternative reprogramming combinations and, importantly, to improve and understand pluripotency acquisition.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101376
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: iPS-Derived Early Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells from SPMS Patients Reveal Deficient In Vitro Cell Migration Stimulation.

    Lopez-Caraballo, Lidia / Martorell-Marugan, Jordi / Carmona-Sáez, Pedro / Gonzalez-Munoz, Elena

    Cells

    2020  Volume 9, Issue 8

    Abstract: The most challenging aspect of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is the lack of efficient regenerative response for remyelination, which is carried out by the endogenous population of adult oligoprogenitor cells (OPCs) after proper ... ...

    Abstract The most challenging aspect of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is the lack of efficient regenerative response for remyelination, which is carried out by the endogenous population of adult oligoprogenitor cells (OPCs) after proper activation. OPCs must proliferate and migrate to the lesion and then differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes. To investigate the OPC cellular component in SPMS, we developed induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from SPMS-affected donors and age-matched controls (CT). We confirmed their efficient and similar OPC differentiation capacity, although we reported SPMS-OPCs were transcriptionally distinguishable from their CT counterparts. Analysis of OPC-generated conditioned media (CM) also evinced differences in protein secretion. We further confirmed SPMS-OPC CM presented a deficient capacity to stimulate OPC in vitro migration that can be compensated by exogenous addition of specific components. Our results provide an SPMS-OPC cellular model and encouraging venues to study potential cell communication deficiencies in the progressive form of multiple sclerosis (MS) for future treatment strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Animals ; Cell Communication/genetics ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Cell Movement/genetics ; Culture Media, Conditioned/analysis ; Culture Media, Conditioned/metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling/methods ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Mice, SCID ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/metabolism ; Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive/pathology ; Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells/metabolism ; Proteome ; Proteomics/methods ; Transcriptome ; Transfection
    Chemical Substances Culture Media, Conditioned ; Proteome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2661518-6
    ISSN 2073-4409 ; 2073-4409
    ISSN (online) 2073-4409
    ISSN 2073-4409
    DOI 10.3390/cells9081803
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  9. Article ; Online: Modeling chronic cervical spinal cord injury in aged rats for cell therapy studies.

    Martín-López, María / González-Muñoz, Elena / Gómez-González, Emilio / Sánchez-Pernaute, Rosario / Márquez-Rivas, Javier / Fernández-Muñoz, Beatriz

    Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia

    2021  Volume 94, Page(s) 76–85

    Abstract: With an expanding elderly population, an increasing number of older adults will experience spinal cord injury (SCI) and might be candidates for cell-based therapies, yet there is a paucity of research in this age group. The objective of the present study ...

    Abstract With an expanding elderly population, an increasing number of older adults will experience spinal cord injury (SCI) and might be candidates for cell-based therapies, yet there is a paucity of research in this age group. The objective of the present study was to analyze how aged rats tolerate behavioral testing, surgical procedures, post-operative complications, intra-spinal cell transplantation and immunosuppression, and to examine the effectiveness of human iPSC-derived Neural Progenitor Cells (IMR90-hiPSC-NPCs) in a model of SCI. We performed behavioral tests in rats before and after inducing cervical hemi-contusions at C4 level with a fourth-generation Ohio State University Injury Device. Four weeks later, we injected IMR90-hiPSC-NPCs in animals that were immunosuppressed by daily cyclosporine injection. Four weeks after injection we analyzed locomotor behavior and mortality, and histologically assessed the survival of transplanted human NPCs. As rats aged, their success at completing behavioral tests decreased. In addition, we observed high mortality rates during behavioral training (41.2%), after cervical injury (63.2%) and after cell injection (50%). Histological analysis revealed that injected cells survived and remained at and around the grafted site and did not cause tumors. No locomotor improvement was observed in animals four weeks after IMR90-hiPSC-NPC transplantation. Our results show that elderly rats are highly vulnerable to interventions, and thus large groups of animals must be initially established to study the potential efficacy of cell-based therapies in age-related chronic myelopathies.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Animals ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Cervical Cord ; Humans ; Rats ; Recovery of Function ; Spinal Cord Injuries/therapy ; Stem Cell Transplantation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-12
    Publishing country Scotland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1193674-5
    ISSN 1532-2653 ; 0967-5868
    ISSN (online) 1532-2653
    ISSN 0967-5868
    DOI 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.09.042
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  10. Article ; Online: Comparative analysis of single-cell transcriptomics in human and Zebrafish oocytes.

    Can, Handan / Chanumolu, Sree K / Gonzalez-Muñoz, Elena / Prukudom, Sukumal / Otu, Hasan H / Cibelli, Jose B

    BMC genomics

    2020  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 471

    Abstract: Background: Zebrafish is a popular model organism, which is widely used in developmental biology research. Despite its general use, the direct comparison of the zebrafish and human oocyte transcriptomes has not been well studied. It is significant to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Zebrafish is a popular model organism, which is widely used in developmental biology research. Despite its general use, the direct comparison of the zebrafish and human oocyte transcriptomes has not been well studied. It is significant to see if the similarity observed between the two organisms at the gene sequence level is also observed at the expression level in key cell types such as the oocyte.
    Results: We performed single-cell RNA-seq of the zebrafish oocyte and compared it with two studies that have performed single-cell RNA-seq of the human oocyte. We carried out a comparative analysis of genes expressed in the oocyte and genes highly expressed in the oocyte across the three studies. Overall, we found high consistency between the human studies and high concordance in expression for the orthologous genes in the two organisms. According to the Ensembl database, about 60% of the human protein coding genes are orthologous to the zebrafish genes. Our results showed that a higher percentage of the genes that are highly expressed in both organisms show orthology compared to the lower expressed genes. Systems biology analysis of the genes highly expressed in the three studies showed significant overlap of the enriched pathways and GO terms. Moreover, orthologous genes that are commonly overexpressed in both organisms were involved in biological mechanisms that are functionally essential to the oocyte.
    Conclusions: Orthologous genes are concurrently highly expressed in the oocytes of the two organisms and these genes belong to similar functional categories. Our results provide evidence that zebrafish could serve as a valid model organism to study the oocyte with direct implications in human.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Oocytes/metabolism ; RNA-Seq ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Transcriptome ; Zebrafish/genetics ; Zebrafish/metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ISSN 1471-2164
    ISSN (online) 1471-2164
    DOI 10.1186/s12864-020-06860-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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