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Article: Dyspnoea and symptom burden in mild-moderate COPD: the Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease Study.

Cherian, Mathew / Jensen, Dennis / Tan, Wan C / Mursleen, Sara / Goodall, Emma C / Nadeau, Gilbert A / Awan, Amnah M / Marciniuk, Darcy D / Walker, Brandie L / Aaron, Shawn D / O'Donnell, Denis E / Chapman, Kenneth R / Maltais, François / Hernandez, Paul / Sin, Don D / Benedetti, Andrea / Bourbeau, Jean

ERJ open research

2021 Volume 7, Issue 2

Abstract: Studies assessing dyspnoea and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have focussed on patients in clinical settings, not the general population. The aim of this analysis was to compare the prevalence and ... ...

Abstract	Studies assessing dyspnoea and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have focussed on patients in clinical settings, not the general population. The aim of this analysis was to compare the prevalence and severity of dyspnoea and impaired HRQoL in individuals with and without COPD from the general population, focussing on mild-moderate COPD. Analysis of the 3-year Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease (CanCOLD) study included four subgroups: mild COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 1); moderate COPD (GOLD 2); non-COPD smokers; and non-COPD never-smokers. The primary outcome was dyspnoea (Medical Research Council (MRC) scale), and the secondary outcome was HRQoL (COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score; Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score). Subgroups were analysed by sex, physician-diagnosed COPD status and exacerbations. 1443 participants (mild COPD (n=397); moderate COPD (n=262(; smokers (n=449) and never-smokers (n=335)) were studied. People with mild COPD were more likely to report more severe dyspnoea (MRC 2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2827830-6
ISSN	2312-0541
ISSN	2312-0541
DOI	10.1183/23120541.00960-2020
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Article ; Online: Comparison of asymptomatic and symptomatic rhinovirus infections in university students: incidence, species diversity, and viral load.

Granados, Andrea / Goodall, Emma C / Luinstra, Kathy / Smieja, Marek / Mahony, James

Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease

2015 Volume 82, Issue 4, Page(s) 292–296

Abstract: Human rhinovirus (HRV) infections are common but poorly characterized in university students. Thus, we characterized asymptomatic and symptomatic HRV infections by incidence, species diversity, and viral load of 502 university students during September ... ...

Abstract	Human rhinovirus (HRV) infections are common but poorly characterized in university students. Thus, we characterized asymptomatic and symptomatic HRV infections by incidence, species diversity, and viral load of 502 university students during September and October of 2010 and 2011 from nasal swabs and electronically submitted symptom questionnaires. We tested all symptomatic students and randomly sampled participants who remained asymptomatic (n=25/week, over 8 weeks each study year) on a weekly basis by real-time PCR and sequenced HRV positives. HRV was identified in 33/400 (8.3%) and 85/92 (92.4%) of the asymptomatic and symptomatic students, respectively. We identified a higher than previously reported rate of HRV-B in both groups, although the distribution of HRV species was similar (P=0.37). Asymptomatic viral load averaged 1.2 log10 copies/mL lower than symptomatic HRV (P<0.001). In conclusion, asymptomatic HRV activity preceded peak symptomatic activity in September and October and was associated with lower viral load.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Asymptomatic Diseases/epidemiology ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Nasal Mucosa/virology ; Picornaviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Picornaviridae Infections/pathology ; Picornaviridae Infections/virology ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rhinovirus/classification ; Rhinovirus/isolation & purification ; Seasons ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Universities ; Viral Load ; Young Adult
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-05-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	604920-5
ISSN	1879-0070 ; 0732-8893
ISSN (online)	1879-0070
ISSN	0732-8893
DOI	10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.05.001
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Article ; Online: Cost-Effectiveness Of Once-Daily Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy In COPD: The IMPACT Trial.

Ismaila, Afisi S / Risebrough, Nancy / Schroeder, Melanie / Shah, Dhvani / Martin, Alan / Goodall, Emma C / Ndirangu, Kerigo / Criner, Gerard / Dransfield, Mark / Halpin, David Mg / Han, MeiLan K / Lomas, David A

International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2019 Volume 14, Page(s) 2681–2695

Abstract: Background: We assessed the cost-effectiveness of single-inhaler fluticasone furoate (FF)/umeclidinium (UMEC)/vilanterol (VI) versus FF/VI or UMEC/VI from a Canadian public healthcare perspective, incorporating data from the IMPACT trial in chronic ... ...

Abstract	Background: We assessed the cost-effectiveness of single-inhaler fluticasone furoate (FF)/umeclidinium (UMEC)/vilanterol (VI) versus FF/VI or UMEC/VI from a Canadian public healthcare perspective, incorporating data from the IMPACT trial in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (NCT02164513). Methods: Baseline inputs and treatment effects from IMPACT were populated into the validated GALAXY-COPD disease progression model. Canadian unit costs and drug costs (Canadian dollars [C$], 2017) were applied to healthcare resource utilization and treatments. Future costs and health outcomes were discounted at 1.5% annually. Analyses were probabilistic, and outputs included exacerbation rates, costs, and life years (LYs) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained. Results: Compared with FF/VI and UMEC/VI over a lifetime horizon, the analyses predicted that treatment with FF/UMEC/VI resulted in fewer moderate and severe exacerbations, more LYs and more QALYs gained, with a small incremental cost. The base-case incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per QALY gained was C$18,989 (95% confidence interval [CI]: C$14,665, C$25,753) versus FF/VI and C$13,776 (95% CI: C$9787, C$19,448) versus UMEC/VI. FF/UMEC/VI remained cost-effective versus both FF/VI and UMEC/VI in all sensitivity analyses, including in scenario analyses that considered different intervention and comparator discontinuation rates, and treatment effects for subsequent therapy. Conclusion: Treatment with FF/UMEC/VI was predicted to improve outcomes and be a cost-effective treatment option for patients with symptomatic COPD and a history of exacerbations compared with FF/VI or UMEC/VI, in Canada.
MeSH term(s)	Administration, Inhalation ; Aged ; Androstadienes/administration & dosage ; Androstadienes/adverse effects ; Androstadienes/economics ; Benzyl Alcohols/administration & dosage ; Benzyl Alcohols/adverse effects ; Benzyl Alcohols/economics ; Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage ; Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects ; Bronchodilator Agents/economics ; Canada ; Chlorobenzenes/administration & dosage ; Chlorobenzenes/adverse effects ; Chlorobenzenes/economics ; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Disease Progression ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Costs ; Female ; Humans ; Lung/drug effects ; Lung/physiopathology ; Male ; Models, Economic ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/economics ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology ; Quality of Life ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Quinuclidines/administration & dosage ; Quinuclidines/adverse effects ; Quinuclidines/economics ; Recovery of Function ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Androstadienes ; Benzyl Alcohols ; Bronchodilator Agents ; Chlorobenzenes ; Drug Combinations ; GSK573719 ; Quinuclidines ; vilanterol (028LZY775B) ; fluticasone furoate (JS86977WNV)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-29
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2212419-6
ISSN	1178-2005 ; 1176-9106
ISSN (online)	1178-2005
ISSN	1176-9106
DOI	10.2147/COPD.S216072
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Article ; Online: Vitamin D3 and gargling for the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections: a randomized controlled trial.

Goodall, Emma C / Granados, Andrea C / Luinstra, Kathy / Pullenayegum, Eleanor / Coleman, Brenda L / Loeb, Mark / Smieja, Marek

BMC infectious diseases

2014 Volume 14, Page(s) 273

MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Biomedical Research ; Cholecalciferol/therapeutic use ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & control ; Risk ; Students ; Vitamins/therapeutic use ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Vitamins ; Cholecalciferol (1C6V77QF41)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-05-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/1471-2334-14-273
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Article ; Online: Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data from randomised controlled trials.

Jolliffe, David A / Camargo, Carlos A / Sluyter, John D / Aglipay, Mary / Aloia, John F / Ganmaa, Davaasambuu / Bergman, Peter / Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A / Borzutzky, Arturo / Damsgaard, Camilla T / Dubnov-Raz, Gal / Esposito, Susanna / Gilham, Clare / Ginde, Adit A / Golan-Tripto, Inbal / Goodall, Emma C / Grant, Cameron C / Griffiths, Christopher J / Hibbs, Anna Maria /

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology

2021 Volume 9, Issue 5, Page(s) 276–292

Abstract: Background: A 2017 meta-analysis of data from 25 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) revealed a protective effect of this intervention. We aimed to examine the link ... ...

Abstract	Background: A 2017 meta-analysis of data from 25 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) revealed a protective effect of this intervention. We aimed to examine the link between vitamin D supplementation and prevention of ARIs in an updated meta-analysis. Methods: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry for studies listed from database inception to May 1, 2020. Double-blind RCTs of vitamin D Findings: We identified 1528 articles, of which 46 RCTs (75 541 participants) were eligible. Data for the primary outcome were obtained for 48 488 (98·1%) of 49 419 participants (aged 0-95 years) in 43 studies. A significantly lower proportion of participants in the vitamin D supplementation group had one or more ARIs (14 332 [61·3%] of 23 364 participants) than in the placebo group (14 217 [62·3%] of 22 802 participants), with an OR of 0·92 (95% CI 0·86-0·99; 37 studies; I Interpretation: Despite evidence of significant heterogeneity across trials, vitamin D supplementation was safe and overall reduced the risk of ARI compared with placebo, although the risk reduction was small. Protection was associated with administration of daily doses of 400-1000 IU for up to 12 months, and age at enrolment of 1·00-15·99 years. The relevance of these findings to COVID-19 is not known and requires further investigation. Funding: None.
MeSH term(s)	Dietary Supplements ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Respiratory Tract Infections/diet therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & control ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage
Chemical Substances	Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
ISSN	2213-8595
ISSN (online)	2213-8595
DOI	10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00051-6
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Article ; Online: Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.

Martineau, Adrian R / Jolliffe, David A / Greenberg, Lauren / Aloia, John F / Bergman, Peter / Dubnov-Raz, Gal / Esposito, Susanna / Ganmaa, Davaasambuu / Ginde, Adit A / Goodall, Emma C / Grant, Cameron C / Janssens, Wim / Jensen, Megan E / Kerley, Conor P / Laaksi, Ilkka / Manaseki-Holland, Semira / Mauger, David / Murdoch, David R / Neale, Rachel /

Rees, Judy R / Simpson, Steve / Stelmach, Iwona / Trilok Kumar, Geeta / Urashima, Mitsuyoshi / Camargo, Carlos A / Griffiths, Christopher J / Hooper, Richard L

Health technology assessment (Winchester, England)

2019 Volume 23, Issue 2, Page(s) 1–44

Abstract: Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the potential of vitamin D to prevent acute respiratory infections have yielded mixed results. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis has the potential to identify factors that may ... ...

Abstract	Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) exploring the potential of vitamin D to prevent acute respiratory infections have yielded mixed results. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis has the potential to identify factors that may explain this heterogeneity. Objectives: To assess the overall effect of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and to identify factors modifying this effect. Data sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trials Number (ISRCTN) registry. Study selection: Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of supplementation with vitamin D Study appraisal: Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool to assess sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding of participants, personnel and outcome assessors, completeness of outcome data, evidence of selective outcome reporting and other potential threats to validity. Results: We identified 25 eligible RCTs (a total of 11,321 participants, aged from 0 to 95 years). IPD were obtained for 10,933 out of 11,321 (96.6%) participants. Vitamin D supplementation reduced the risk of ARI among all participants [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81 to 0.96; heterogeneity Limitations: Our study had limited power to detect the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the risk of upper versus lower respiratory infection, analysed separately. Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation was safe, and it protected against ARIs overall. Very deficient individuals and those not receiving bolus doses experienced the benefit. Incorporation of additional IPD from ongoing trials in the field has the potential to increase statistical power for analyses of secondary outcomes. Study registration: This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42014013953. Funding: The National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholecalciferol/administration & dosage ; Comorbidity ; Dietary Supplements ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Ergocalciferols/administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & control ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage ; Vitamin D/therapeutic use ; Vitamin D Deficiency/drug therapy ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Ergocalciferols ; Influenza Vaccines ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Cholecalciferol (1C6V77QF41)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Meta-Analysis
ZDB-ID	2006765-3
ISSN	2046-4924 ; 1366-5278
ISSN (online)	2046-4924
ISSN	1366-5278
DOI	10.3310/hta23020
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Article: Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data from randomised controlled trials.

Jolliffe, David A / Camargo, Carlos A / Sluyter, John D / Aglipay, Mary / Aloia, John F / Ganmaa, Davaasambuu / Bergman, Peter / Borzutzky, Arturo / Damsgaard, Camilla T / Dubnov-Raz, Gal / Esposito, Susanna / Gilham, Clare / Ginde, Adit A / Golan-Tripto, Inbal / Goodall, Emma C / Grant, Cameron C / Griffiths, Christopher J / Hibbs, Anna Maria / Janssens, Wim /

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2020

Abstract: Background: A 2017 meta-analysis of data from 25 randomised controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of acute respiratory infections revealed a protective effect of the intervention. Since then, 20 new RCTs have been completed.!# ...

Abstract	Background: A 2017 meta-analysis of data from 25 randomised controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of acute respiratory infections revealed a protective effect of the intervention. Since then, 20 new RCTs have been completed. Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D for ARI prevention using a random effects model. Pre-specified sub-group analyses were done to determine whether effects of vitamin D on risk of ARI varied according to baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration or dosing regimen. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry from inception to 1st May 2020. Double-blind RCTs of supplementation with vitamin D or calcidiol, of any duration, were eligible if they were approved by a Research Ethics Committee and if ARI incidence was collected prospectively and pre-specified as an efficacy outcome. Aggregate data, stratified by baseline 25(OH)D concentration, were obtained from study authors. The study was registered with PROSPERO (no. CRD42020190633). Findings: We identified 45 eligible RCTs (total 73,384 participants). Data were obtained for 46,331 (98.0%) of 47,262 participants in 42 studies, aged 0 to 95 years. For the primary comparison of vitamin D supplementation vs. placebo, the intervention reduced risk of ARI overall (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.91, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.99; P for heterogeneity 0.01). No statistically significant effect of vitamin D was seen for any of the sub-groups defined by baseline 25(OH)D concentration. However, protective effects were seen for trials in which vitamin D was given using a daily dosing regimen (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.93); at daily dose equivalents of 400-1000 IU (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.89); and for a duration of ≤12 months (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.72 to 0.93). No significant interaction was seen between allocation to vitamin D vs. placebo and dose frequency, dose size, or study duration. Vitamin D did not influence the proportion of participants experiencing at least one serious adverse event (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.09). Risk of bias within individual studies was assessed as being low for all but three trials. A funnel plot showed left-sided asymmetry (P=0.008, Egger's test). Interpretation: Vitamin D supplementation was safe and reduced risk of ARI, despite evidence of significant heterogeneity across trials. Protection was associated with administration of daily doses of 400-1000 IU vitamin D for up to 12 months. The relevance of these findings to COVID-19 is not known and requires investigation. Funding: None.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2020.07.14.20152728
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Article ; Online: Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Martineau, Adrian R / Jolliffe, David A / Hooper, Richard L / Greenberg, Lauren / Aloia, John F / Bergman, Peter / Dubnov-Raz, Gal / Esposito, Susanna / Ganmaa, Davaasambuu / Ginde, Adit A / Goodall, Emma C / Grant, Cameron C / Griffiths, Christopher J / Janssens, Wim / Laaksi, Ilkka / Manaseki-Holland, Semira / Mauger, David / Murdoch, David R / Neale, Rachel /

Rees, Judy R / Simpson, Steve / Stelmach, Iwona / Kumar, Geeta Trilok / Urashima, Mitsuyoshi / Camargo, Carlos A

BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

2017 Volume 356, Page(s) i6583

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Objectives
MeSH term(s)	Dietary Supplements/adverse effects ; Humans ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Respiratory Tract Infections/diet therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & control ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage ; Vitamin D/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	1362901-3
ISSN	1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
ISSN (online)	1756-1833
ISSN	0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
DOI	10.1136/bmj.i6583
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Article: Dyspnoea and symptom burden in mild-moderate COPD: the Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease Study.

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Article ; Online: Comparison of asymptomatic and symptomatic rhinovirus infections in university students: incidence, species diversity, and viral load.

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Article ; Online: Cost-Effectiveness Of Once-Daily Single-Inhaler Triple Therapy In COPD: The IMPACT Trial.

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Article ; Online: Vitamin D3 and gargling for the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections: a randomized controlled trial.

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Article ; Online: Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data from randomised controlled trials.

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Article ; Online: Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: individual participant data meta-analysis.

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Article: Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregate data from randomised controlled trials.

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Article ; Online: Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data.

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