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  1. Article ; Online: A comprehensive review of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) bioactive components in the food and pharmaceutical industries

    Thiruvengadam, Muthu / Chung, Ill-Min / Samynathan, Ramkumar / Chandar, S. R. Harish / Venkidasamy, Baskar / Sarkar, Tanmay / Rebezov, Maksim / Gorelik, Olga / Shariati, Mohammad Ali / Simal-Gandara, Jesus

    Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2024 Jan. 25, v. 64, no. 3 p.708-739

    2024  

    Abstract: Beetroot is rich in various bioactive phytochemicals, which are beneficial for human health and exert protective effects against several disease conditions like cancer, atherosclerosis, etc. Beetroot has various therapeutic applications, including ... ...

    Abstract Beetroot is rich in various bioactive phytochemicals, which are beneficial for human health and exert protective effects against several disease conditions like cancer, atherosclerosis, etc. Beetroot has various therapeutic applications, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and analgesic functions. Besides the pharmacological effects, food industries are trying to preserve beetroots or their phytochemicals using various food preservation methods, including drying and freezing, to preserve their antioxidant capacity. Beetroot is a functional food due to valuable active components such as minerals, amino acids, phenolic acid, flavonoid, betaxanthin, and betacyanin. Due to its stability, nontoxic and non-carcinogenic and nonpoisonous capabilities, beetroot has been used as an additive or preservative in food processing. Beetroot and its bioactive compounds are well reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antimicrobial, antiviral, etc. In this review, we provided updated details on (i) food processing, preservation and colorant methods using beetroot and its phytochemicals, (ii) synthesis and development of several nanoparticles using beetroot and its bioactive compounds against various diseases, (iii) the role of beetroot and its phytochemicals under disease conditions with molecular mechanisms. We have also discussed the role of other phytochemicals in beetroot and their health benefits. Recent technologies in food processing are also updated. We also addressed on molecular docking-assisted biological activity and screening for bioactive chemicals. Additionally, the role of betalain from different sources and its therapeutic effects have been listed. To the best of our knowledge, little or no work has been carried out on the impact of beetroot and its nanoformulation strategies for phytocompounds on antimicrobial, antiviral effects, etc. Moreover, epigenetic alterations caused by phytocompounds of beetroot under several diseases were not reported much. Thus, extensive research must be carried out to understand the molecular effects of beetroot in the near future.
    Keywords Beta vulgaris ; analgesics ; antioxidant activity ; antioxidants ; atherosclerosis ; beets ; betalains ; dyes ; epigenetics ; flavonoids ; food preservation ; functional foods ; human health ; nanoparticles ; nutrition ; phenolic acids ; therapeutics ; Beetroot ; betalain ; biomedical uses ; bioactive compounds ; molecular mechanisms ; food processing
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2024-0125
    Size p. 708-739.
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1037504-1
    ISSN 1549-7852 ; 1040-8398
    ISSN (online) 1549-7852
    ISSN 1040-8398
    DOI 10.1080/10408398.2022.2108367
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  2. Article ; Online: A comprehensive review of beetroot (

    Thiruvengadam, Muthu / Chung, Ill-Min / Samynathan, Ramkumar / Chandar, S R Harish / Venkidasamy, Baskar / Sarkar, Tanmay / Rebezov, Maksim / Gorelik, Olga / Shariati, Mohammad Ali / Simal-Gandara, Jesus

    Critical reviews in food science and nutrition

    2022  Volume 64, Issue 3, Page(s) 708–739

    Abstract: Beetroot is rich in various bioactive phytochemicals, which are beneficial for human health and exert protective effects against several disease conditions like cancer, atherosclerosis, etc. Beetroot has various therapeutic applications, including ... ...

    Abstract Beetroot is rich in various bioactive phytochemicals, which are beneficial for human health and exert protective effects against several disease conditions like cancer, atherosclerosis, etc. Beetroot has various therapeutic applications, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and analgesic functions. Besides the pharmacological effects, food industries are trying to preserve beetroots or their phytochemicals using various food preservation methods, including drying and freezing, to preserve their antioxidant capacity. Beetroot is a functional food due to valuable active components such as minerals, amino acids, phenolic acid, flavonoid, betaxanthin, and betacyanin. Due to its stability, nontoxic and non-carcinogenic and nonpoisonous capabilities, beetroot has been used as an additive or preservative in food processing. Beetroot and its bioactive compounds are well reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, antimicrobial, antiviral, etc. In this review, we provided updated details on (i) food processing, preservation and colorant methods using beetroot and its phytochemicals, (ii) synthesis and development of several nanoparticles using beetroot and its bioactive compounds against various diseases, (iii) the role of beetroot and its phytochemicals under disease conditions with molecular mechanisms. We have also discussed the role of other phytochemicals in beetroot and their health benefits. Recent technologies in food processing are also updated. We also addressed on molecular docking-assisted biological activity and screening for bioactive chemicals. Additionally, the role of betalain from different sources and its therapeutic effects have been listed. To the best of our knowledge, little or no work has been carried out on the impact of beetroot and its nanoformulation strategies for phytocompounds on antimicrobial, antiviral effects, etc. Moreover, epigenetic alterations caused by phytocompounds of beetroot under several diseases were not reported much. Thus, extensive research must be carried out to understand the molecular effects of beetroot in the near future.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; Beta vulgaris/chemistry ; Drug Industry ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Phytochemicals/pharmacology ; Vegetables
    Chemical Substances Anti-Infective Agents ; Antioxidants ; Antiviral Agents ; Phytochemicals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1037504-1
    ISSN 1549-7852 ; 1040-8398
    ISSN (online) 1549-7852
    ISSN 1040-8398
    DOI 10.1080/10408398.2022.2108367
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1459: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article: Vitamin E deficiency enhances pulmonary inflammatory response and oxidative stress induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes in C57BL/6 mice.

    Shvedova, Anna A / Kisin, Elena R / Murray, Ashley R / Gorelik, Olga / Arepalli, Sivaram / Castranova, Vincent / Young, Shih-Hong / Gao, Fei / Tyurina, Yulia Y / Oury, Tim D / Kagan, Valerian E

    Toxicology and applied pharmacology

    2007  Volume 221, Issue 3, Page(s) 339–348

    Abstract: Exposure of mice to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) induces an unusually robust pulmonary inflammatory response with an early onset of fibrosis, which is accompanied by oxidative stress and antioxidant depletion. The role of specific components ... ...

    Abstract Exposure of mice to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) induces an unusually robust pulmonary inflammatory response with an early onset of fibrosis, which is accompanied by oxidative stress and antioxidant depletion. The role of specific components of the antioxidant protective system, specifically vitamin E, the major lipid-soluble antioxidant, in the SWCNT-induced reactions has not been characterized. We used C57BL/6 mice, maintained on vitamin E-sufficient or vitamin E-deficient diets, to explore and compare the pulmonary inflammatory reactions to aspired SWCNTs. The vitamin E-deficient diet caused a 90-fold depletion of alpha-tocopherol in the lung tissue and resulted in a significant decline of other antioxidants (GSH, ascorbate) as well as accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. A greater decrease of pulmonary antioxidants was detected in SWCNT-treated vitamin E-deficient mice as compared to controls. Lowered levels of antioxidants in vitamin E-deficient mice were associated with a higher sensitivity to SWCNT-induced acute inflammation (total number of inflammatory cells, number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, released LDH, total protein content and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha and IL-6) and enhanced profibrotic responses (elevation of TGF-beta and collagen deposition). Exposure to SWCNTs markedly shifted the ratio of cleaved to full-length extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD). Given that pulmonary levels of vitamin E can be manipulated through diet, its effects on SWCNT-induced inflammation may be of practical importance in optimizing protective strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Ascorbic Acid/metabolism ; Cytokines/immunology ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Female ; Foreign-Body Reaction/chemically induced ; Foreign-Body Reaction/immunology ; Foreign-Body Reaction/metabolism ; Glutathione/drug effects ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects ; Lipid Peroxidation/immunology ; Lung Diseases/chemically induced ; Lung Diseases/complications ; Lung Diseases/immunology ; Lung Diseases/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nanotubes, Carbon/toxicity ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Oxidative Stress/immunology ; Particulate Matter/immunology ; Particulate Matter/toxicity ; Superoxide Dismutase/drug effects ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Vitamin E Deficiency/complications ; Vitamin E Deficiency/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antioxidants ; Cytokines ; Nanotubes, Carbon ; Particulate Matter ; Sod3 protein, mouse (EC 1.15.1.1) ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) ; Glutathione (GAN16C9B8O) ; Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-06-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 204477-8
    ISSN 1096-0333 ; 0041-008X
    ISSN (online) 1096-0333
    ISSN 0041-008X
    DOI 10.1016/j.taap.2007.03.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 14: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article: Single-walled carbon nanotubes: geno- and cytotoxic effects in lung fibroblast V79 cells.

    Kisin, Elena R / Murray, Ashley R / Keane, Michael J / Shi, Xiao-Chun / Schwegler-Berry, Diane / Gorelik, Olga / Arepalli, Sivaram / Castranova, Vincent / Wallace, William E / Kagan, Valerian E / Shvedova, Anna A

    Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A

    2007  Volume 70, Issue 24, Page(s) 2071–2079

    Abstract: With the development of nanotechnology, there is a tremendous growth of the application of nanomaterials, which increases the risk of human exposure to these nanomaterials through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal penetration. Among different types of ... ...

    Abstract With the development of nanotechnology, there is a tremendous growth of the application of nanomaterials, which increases the risk of human exposure to these nanomaterials through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal penetration. Among different types of nanoparticles, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) with extremely small size (1 nm in diameter) exhibit extraordinary properties and offer possibilities to create materials with astounding features. Since the release of nanoparticles in an enclosed environment is of great concern, a study of possible genotoxic effects is important. Our previous data showed that pharyngeal aspiration of SWCNT elicited pulmonary effects in C57BL/6 mice that was promoted by a robust, acute inflammatory reaction with early onset resulting in progressive interstitial fibrogenic response and the formation of granulomas. In the present study, the genotoxic potential of SWCNT was evaluated in vitro. The genotoxic effects of nanoparticles were examined using three different test systems: the comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test in a lung fibroblast (V79) cell line, and the Salmonella gene mutation assay in strains YG1024/YG1029. Cytotoxicity tests showed loss of viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner after exposure of cells to SWCNT. Results from the comet assay demonstrated the induction of DNA damage after only 3 h of incubation with 96 microg/cm2 of SWCNT. The MN test indicated some but not significant micronucleus induction by SWCNT in the V79 cell line at the highest concentrations tested. With two different strains of Salmonella typhimurium, no mutations were found following SWCNT exposure.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; DNA Damage ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Fibroblasts/drug effects ; Lung/cytology ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Nanotubes, Carbon/toxicity ; Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects ; Salmonella typhimurium/genetics
    Chemical Substances Nanotubes, Carbon
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1413345-3
    ISSN 1528-7394 ; 0098-4108 ; 1087-2620
    ISSN 1528-7394 ; 0098-4108 ; 1087-2620
    DOI 10.1080/15287390701601251
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1268: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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  5. Article: Unusual inflammatory and fibrogenic pulmonary responses to single-walled carbon nanotubes in mice.

    Shvedova, Anna A / Kisin, Elena R / Mercer, Robert / Murray, Ashley R / Johnson, Victor J / Potapovich, Alla I / Tyurina, Yulia Y / Gorelik, Olga / Arepalli, Sevaram / Schwegler-Berry, Diane / Hubbs, Ann F / Antonini, James / Evans, Douglas E / Ku, Bon-Ki / Ramsey, Dawn / Maynard, Andrew / Kagan, Valerian E / Castranova, Vincent / Baron, Paul

    American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology

    2005  Volume 289, Issue 5, Page(s) L698–708

    Abstract: Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are new materials of emerging technological importance. As SWCNT are introduced into the life cycle of commercial products, their effects on human health and environment should be addressed. We demonstrated that ... ...

    Abstract Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are new materials of emerging technological importance. As SWCNT are introduced into the life cycle of commercial products, their effects on human health and environment should be addressed. We demonstrated that pharyngeal aspiration of SWCNT elicited unusual pulmonary effects in C57BL/6 mice that combined a robust but acute inflammation with early onset yet progressive fibrosis and granulomas. A dose-dependent increase in the protein, LDH, and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities in bronchoalveolar lavage were found along with accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal (oxidative biomarker) and depletion of glutathione in lungs. An early neutrophils accumulation (day 1), followed by lymphocyte (day 3) and macrophage (day 7) influx, was accompanied by early elevation of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta; day 1) followed by fibrogenic transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 (peaked on day 7). A rapid progressive fibrosis found in mice exhibited two distinct morphologies: 1) SWCNT-induced granulomas mainly associated with hypertrophied epithelial cells surrounding SWCNT aggregates and 2) diffuse interstitial fibrosis and alveolar wall thickening likely associated with dispersed SWCNT. In vitro exposure of murine RAW 264.7 macrophages to SWCNT triggered TGF-beta1 production similarly to zymosan but generated less TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. SWCNT did not cause superoxide or NO.production, active SWCNT engulfment, or apoptosis in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Functional respiratory deficiencies and decreased bacterial clearance (Listeria monocytogenes) were found in mice treated with SWCNT. Equal doses of ultrafine carbon black particles or fine crystalline silica (SiO2) did not induce granulomas or alveolar wall thickening and caused a significantly weaker pulmonary inflammation and damage.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry ; Cell Line ; Cytokines/biosynthesis ; Female ; Glutathione/metabolism ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body/etiology ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body/pathology ; Inflammation/etiology ; Inflammation/pathology ; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism ; Lung/drug effects ; Lung/pathology ; Lung Diseases/etiology ; Lung Diseases/metabolism ; Lung Diseases/pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nanotubes, Carbon/chemistry ; Nanotubes, Carbon/toxicity ; Pneumonia/etiology ; Pneumonia/pathology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/etiology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cytokines ; Inflammation Mediators ; Nanotubes, Carbon ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2) ; Glutathione (GAN16C9B8O)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-06-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1013184-x
    ISSN 1522-1504 ; 1040-0605
    ISSN (online) 1522-1504
    ISSN 1040-0605
    DOI 10.1152/ajplung.00084.2005
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    Zs.A 2749: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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