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Article ; Online: Retrospective Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Signs in Hypothyroid Dogs

Gori, Eleonora / Gianella, Paola / Lippi, Ilaria / Marchetti, Veronica

Animals. 2023 Aug. 19, v. 13, no. 16

2023

Abstract: Few observations about gastrointestinal (GI) signs in hypothyroid dogs (hypo-T dogs) are available. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of concurrent GI signs in hypo-T dogs, describe clinicopathological, hepato-intestinal ultrasound ... ...

Abstract	Few observations about gastrointestinal (GI) signs in hypothyroid dogs (hypo-T dogs) are available. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of concurrent GI signs in hypo-T dogs, describe clinicopathological, hepato-intestinal ultrasound findings in hypo-T dogs, investigate changes in GI signs after thyroid replacement therapy (THRT). Medical records of suspected hypo-T dogs from two hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criteria were: (1) having symptoms and clinicopathological abnormalities related to hypothyroidism (i.e., mild anemia, hyperlipemia); (2) not being affected by systemic acute disease; (3) not having received any treatment affecting thyroid axis. Hypothyroidism had to be confirmed using low fT4 or TT4 with high TSH and/or inadequate TSH-stimulation test response; otherwise, dogs were assigned to a euthyroid group. Clinical history, GI signs, hematobiochemical parameters, and abdominal ultrasound findings were recorded. Hypo-T dogs were assigned to the GI group (at least 2 GI signs) and not-GI group (1 or no GI signs). Follow-up information 3–5 weeks after THRT was recorded. In total, 110 medical records were screened: 31 dogs were hypo-T, and 79 were euthyroid. Hypo-T dogs showed a higher prevalence of GI signs (44%), especially constipation and diarrhea (p = 0.03 and p = 0.001), than euthyroid dogs (24%) (p = 0.04). Among hypo-T dogs, no difference in hematological parameters between GI and non-GI groups was found. Hypo-T dogs had a higher prevalence of gallbladder alterations than euthyroid dogs (20/25; 80% and 32/61; 52% p = 0.04). The hypo-T GI group showed a significant improvement in the GI signs after THRT (p < 0.0001). Specific investigation for concurrent GI diseases in hypo-T dogs was lacking; however, improvement in GI signs following THRT supports this association between GI signs and hypothyroidism.
Keywords	acute course ; anemia ; constipation ; diarrhea ; gall bladder ; gastrointestinal system ; hyperlipidemia ; hypothyroidism ; retrospective studies ; therapeutics ; ultrasonics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0819
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13162668
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Retrospective Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Signs in Hypothyroid Dogs.

Gori, Eleonora / Gianella, Paola / Lippi, Ilaria / Marchetti, Veronica

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2023 Volume 13, Issue 16

Abstract	Few observations about gastrointestinal (GI) signs in hypothyroid dogs (hypo-T dogs) are available. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of concurrent GI signs in hypo-T dogs, describe clinicopathological, hepato-intestinal ultrasound findings in hypo-T dogs, investigate changes in GI signs after thyroid replacement therapy (THRT). Medical records of suspected hypo-T dogs from two hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criteria were: (1) having symptoms and clinicopathological abnormalities related to hypothyroidism (i.e., mild anemia, hyperlipemia); (2) not being affected by systemic acute disease; (3) not having received any treatment affecting thyroid axis. Hypothyroidism had to be confirmed using low fT4 or TT4 with high TSH and/or inadequate TSH-stimulation test response; otherwise, dogs were assigned to a euthyroid group. Clinical history, GI signs, hematobiochemical parameters, and abdominal ultrasound findings were recorded. Hypo-T dogs were assigned to the GI group (at least 2 GI signs) and not-GI group (1 or no GI signs). Follow-up information 3-5 weeks after THRT was recorded. In total, 110 medical records were screened: 31 dogs were hypo-T, and 79 were euthyroid. Hypo-T dogs showed a higher prevalence of GI signs (44%), especially constipation and diarrhea (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13162668
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: An Association between Pancreatic and Cholestatic Biliary Disorders in Dogs.

Dini, Rebecca / Gori, Eleonora / Habermaass, Verena / Lippi, Ilaria / Citi, Simonetta / Puccinelli, Caterina / Marchetti, Veronica

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2024 Volume 14, Issue 5

Abstract: Canine chronic biliary tree disease (CBTD) is a suspected risk factor for pancreatic injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and features of pancreatic involvement in canine CBTD, and their relationship with hyperlipemia and its ... ...

Abstract	Canine chronic biliary tree disease (CBTD) is a suspected risk factor for pancreatic injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and features of pancreatic involvement in canine CBTD, and their relationship with hyperlipemia and its severity. CBTD was defined as the increase in at least two of ALP, GGT, total bilirubin, cholesterol, and a biliary tree abnormal abdominal ultrasound (graded mild to severe). Pancreatic ultrasound appearance was recorded and classified as acute/chronic. Dogs were divided into a PBD group (pancreatic and biliary disease) and BD group (only biliary tree disease). PBD group was subgraded into a "pancreatic injury" and "pancreatitis" group. Eighty-one dogs were retrospectively included: 56 in the PBD group and 25 in the BD group. Of the PBD group, 20 had pancreatitis (15 chronic and 5 dogs acute). US score was mild in 64 dogs and moderate in 17 dogs, and it was not associated with evidence of pancreopathy. Sixty-six dogs had hyperlipemia (mild = 27 dogs; moderate-to-severe = 39 dogs) and no association with pancreopathy was found. Pancreatic injury was more frequent than pancreatitis in CBTD dogs. Although both acute and chronic pancreatic injury may be present, chronic forms were more frequent. Pancreatic injury should be considered in CBTD patients due its possible clinical significance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani14050795
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Effect of time and storage temperature on canine and feline erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Gori, Eleonora / Pasquini, Anna / Diamanti, Daniela / Carletti, Carlo / Marchetti, Veronica

MethodsX

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 101934

Abstract: We aimed to test the influence of storage temperature and time for canine and feline ESR. Forty dogs and 12 cats were included and randomly allocated in "room temperature" and "refrigerated" groups. Both groups had the T0 ESR measures few minutes after ... ...

Abstract	We aimed to test the influence of storage temperature and time for canine and feline ESR. Forty dogs and 12 cats were included and randomly allocated in "room temperature" and "refrigerated" groups. Both groups had the T0 ESR measures few minutes after complete blood count. Afterwards, room temperature group had ESR measured at 2, 4, 6 and 8h after T0, whereas the "refrigerated" group had the blood sample stored at 4-6°C for 24 and then T24h ESR was measured. In each ESR measurement, [1] blood samples were put on a tube rocker waiting for ESR analysis; [2] before inserting the blood tube in the MINI-PET ESR instrument, samples were gently mixed again by complete inversion 10 times; (3) each mixed blood tube was inserted in the one of the four MINI-PET tubes position; (4) on the machine display, patient's species has to be chosen and the 14 minutes countdown started; (5) after the 14 minutes optical reading, the ESR result (mm/h) is displayed on the machine. ESR of canine samples at room temperature were significantly stable until T6, while feline samples remained stable at T8. After 24h at refrigerated temperature, both canine and feline samples were stable. • MINI-PET is an ESR automatic continuous-loading instrument that can analyze up to four EDTA blood samples simultaneously using an optical system that measures the erythrocytes sedimentation level • We aimed to test influence of storage temperature and time for canine and feline ESR • At room temperature, dogs' samples were stable within 6 hours from collection, and cats' samples were stable until 8h. At refrigerated temperature, there was no difference in T0-T24 ESR in both canine and feline samples.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-24
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2830212-6
ISSN	2215-0161
ISSN	2215-0161
DOI	10.1016/j.mex.2022.101934
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Serum protein electrophoresis in 26 dogs with chronic hepatitis.

Gori, Eleonora / Pierini, Alessio / Tulone, Fiorenza / Abramo, Francesca / Marchetti, Veronica

Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc

2022 Volume 34, Issue 4, Page(s) 738–741

Abstract: Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) shows the distribution of protein fractions, helping clinicians to characterize some pathologic processes. Information is lacking in the literature about SPE alterations in dogs with chronic hepatitis (CH). Our aim was ...

Abstract	Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) shows the distribution of protein fractions, helping clinicians to characterize some pathologic processes. Information is lacking in the literature about SPE alterations in dogs with chronic hepatitis (CH). Our aim was to describe SPE alterations in canine CH, to compare SPE results to histologic scores, and to study SPE trends during follow-up. We reviewed retrospectively case data from dogs with a histologic diagnosis of CH. Only cases with SPE, CBC, and serum chemistry results available were included. Dogs were divided into subgroups based on histologic necroinflammatory activity (A) and fibrosis (F) scores (groups A0-1 and A>1; groups F<2 and F≥2). We included 26 dogs; 15 had follow-up SPE. The most common SPE alterations at admission were hypoalbuminemia (
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Blood Proteins/analysis ; Dog Diseases/diagnosis ; Dogs ; Electrophoresis/veterinary ; Globulins ; Hepatitis, Chronic/diagnosis ; Hepatitis, Chronic/veterinary ; Retrospective Studies ; gamma-Globulins
Chemical Substances	Blood Proteins ; Globulins ; gamma-Globulins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	287603-6
ISSN	1943-4936 ; 1040-6387
ISSN (online)	1943-4936
ISSN	1040-6387
DOI	10.1177/10406387221101547
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Linguatula serrata

Marchetti, Veronica / Macchioni, Fabio / Gori, Eleonora / Venco, Luigi / Papini, Roberto Amerigo

Open veterinary journal

2023 Volume 13, Issue 8, Page(s) 1044–1055

Abstract: Background: Linguatula serrata: Case description: A 1-year-old intact female Borzoi imported from Romania to Italy sneezed spontaneously a worm-like parasite specimen. Morphological and molecular diagnosis identified the parasite as a female of the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Linguatula serrata Case description: A 1-year-old intact female Borzoi imported from Romania to Italy sneezed spontaneously a worm-like parasite specimen. Morphological and molecular diagnosis identified the parasite as a female of the zoonotic pentastomid Conclusion: Linguatula serrata
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Dogs ; Animals ; Pentastomida ; Romania/epidemiology ; Italy/epidemiology ; Canidae ; Feces
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-31
Publishing country	Libya
Document type	Review ; Case Reports ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2651664-0
ISSN	2218-6050 ; 2218-6050
ISSN (online)	2218-6050
ISSN	2218-6050
DOI	10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i8.12
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Serum Bicarbonate Deficiency in Dogs with Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease.

Lippi, Ilaria / Perondi, Francesca / Gori, Eleonora / Pierini, Alessio / Bernicchi, Lucrezia / Marchetti, Veronica

Veterinary sciences

2023 Volume 10, Issue 5

Abstract: Serum bicarbonate deficiency is a disorder frequently found in human patients with acute (AKI) and chronic (CKD) kidney disease, due to abnormalities in kidney generation and reabsorption of bicarbonate. Although alkali supplementation is usually ... ...

Abstract	Serum bicarbonate deficiency is a disorder frequently found in human patients with acute (AKI) and chronic (CKD) kidney disease, due to abnormalities in kidney generation and reabsorption of bicarbonate. Although alkali supplementation is usually performed in both humans and veterinary CKD patients, data regarding the frequency of bicarbonate disorders in AKI and CKD dogs are scarce. The aim of the present study is to assess the frequency and the severity of bicarbonate deficiency of dogs affected by AKI, acute chronic kidney disease (ACKD), and CKD, and to investigate its possible association with the IRIS grade/stage as well as with disorders of calcium phosphate metabolism. A retrospective evaluation of the serum biochemical panels of all dogs with diagnoses of AKI, ACKD, and CKD referred to the nephrology and urology service of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Pisa, between January 2014 and January 2022, was performed. Bicarbonate deficiency was defined as serum bicarbonate < 22 mmol/L and classified as moderate (between 18 and 22 mmol/L) or severe (<18 mmol/L). Serum bicarbonate deficiency was found in 397/521 dogs (76%), of which 142/397 (36%) showed moderate deficiency, and 255/397 (64%) severe deficiency. Dogs with AKI and ACKD showed a significantly higher frequency of bicarbonate deficiency (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2768971-2
ISSN	2306-7381 ; 2306-7381
ISSN (online)	2306-7381
ISSN	2306-7381
DOI	10.3390/vetsci10050363
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Intestinal Microbiome in Dogs with Chronic Hepatobiliary Disease: Can We Talk about the Gut-Liver Axis?

Habermaass, Verena / Olivero, Daniela / Gori, Eleonora / Mariti, Chiara / Longhi, Erika / Marchetti, Veronica

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2023 Volume 13, Issue 20

Abstract: The gut-liver axis represents a current topic in human medicine. Extensive research investigates the gut microbiome (GM) modifications in relation to various kinds of chronic hepatobiliary diseases (CHD), with many mechanisms and therapeutical ... ...

Abstract	The gut-liver axis represents a current topic in human medicine. Extensive research investigates the gut microbiome (GM) modifications in relation to various kinds of chronic hepatobiliary diseases (CHD), with many mechanisms and therapeutical implications recognized. Those aspects in veterinary medicine are still quite unexplored. The aim of the present study was to evaluate GM in dogs diagnosed with CD. Comparison among CHD dogs were made considering some clinical and biochemical variables (lipemia and alanine-aminotransferase activities), presence of cholestasis or endocrine disorders, diet). Sixty-five dogs were prospectively enrolled with clinical and hematobiochemical evaluation and 16S-RNA GM sequencing assessed. Dogs that received antibiotics and/or pre/pro/symbiotics administration were excluded. Deeper GM alteration was observed between dogs with or without ultrasonographic and biochemical cholestatic CHD. Cholestasis was associated with a decrease in several bacterial taxa, including
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13203174
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Urinary Cytology: Potential Role in Canine Urinary Tract Infections

Lippi, Ilaria / Habermaass, Verena / Gori, Eleonora / Ebani, Valentina Virginia / Pierini, Alessio / Marchetti, Veronica

Veterinary sciences. 2022 June 20, v. 9, no. 6

2022

Abstract: The diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) requires a concomitant evaluation of clinical signs and urine culture, which is of fundamental to start an appropriate antibiotic treatment. Several factors, such as subclinical bacteriuria or pre- ... ...

Abstract	The diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) requires a concomitant evaluation of clinical signs and urine culture, which is of fundamental to start an appropriate antibiotic treatment. Several factors, such as subclinical bacteriuria or pre-analytical errors, may make the interpretation of urine culture difficult. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between the finding of neutrophils and bacteria in unstained and stained canine urine sediment and the presence of clinical signs and positive urine culture. Urine samples from 35 dogs with clinical signs of UTI and 55 asymptomatic dogs with risk factors for UTI were prospectively collected by cystocentesis, divided into three aliquots, and submitted for: (1) physical and chemical Dipstick analysis and unstained urinary sediment (casts, crystals, bacteria, leucocytes, cells, parasites); (2) stained urinary sediment (extra/intracellular bacteria, degenerated and non-degenerated neutrophils); (3) qualitative and quantitative urine culture and antimicrobial sensitivity-test. The association between unstained and stained findings of urinary sediment and urine culture was tested. Sensibility, specificity, and positive/negative predictive values in diagnosing positive urine cultures of bacteria at unstained and stained evaluation were compared. Both wet-mount bacteriuria and the cytological presence of intracellular and extracellular bacteria, neutrophils, and degenerated neutrophils were successively associated with positive urine culture (p < 0.001). The presence of intracellular bacteria was the only independent predictor of positive urine culture. Total bacterial count did not differ significantly between symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs. Detection of extracellular and intracellular bacteriuria at stained urinary sediment significantly improved the sensibility of predicting positive urine culture. Cytologic evaluation of urinary sediment may be helpful in detecting signs of active inflammation, thus enhancing the clinical relevance of a positive urine culture.
Keywords	antibiotics ; dogs ; inflammation ; neutrophils ; plate count ; sediments ; urinary tract ; urine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0620
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2768971-2
ISSN	2306-7381
ISSN	2306-7381
DOI	10.3390/vetsci9060304
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Relationship between Serum Protein Electrophoresis, Endoscopic and Histopathological Scores in 99 Cats with Chronic Enteropathy

Pierini, Alessio / Gori, Eleonora / Tulone, Fiorenza / Benvenuti, Elena / Bottero, Enrico / Ruggiero, Pietro / Marchetti, Veronica

Veterinary sciences. 2022 Aug. 24, v. 9, no. 9

2022

Abstract: Few studies have investigated total protein (TP) and serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) in cats with chronic enteropathy (CE). Cats diagnosed with CE were evaluated to investigate the relationships between TP, SPE and endoscopy, histopathology, and ... ...

Abstract	Few studies have investigated total protein (TP) and serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) in cats with chronic enteropathy (CE). Cats diagnosed with CE were evaluated to investigate the relationships between TP, SPE and endoscopy, histopathology, and extraintestinal involvement. Medical records were searched for cats with a history of chronic gastrointestinal signs and a final diagnosis of CE. Information on signalment, TP, SPE, endoscopic score, histopathological diagnosis and score, and concurrent hepatic or pancreatic ultrasonographic alterations was collected. Relationships between protein profiles and other variables were investigated. Ninety-nine cats were included in the study, 63 diagnosed with various degrees of bowel inflammation and 36 with small-cell alimentary lymphoma. The most common TP alteration was hypoproteinemia (24%). No significant differences were observed between protein profiles and endoscopic and histopathological severity scores. Forty-five cats showing concurrent pancreatic and/or hepatic ultrasonographic alterations, had significantly lower albumin, lower α-globulin, and higher γ-globulin levels than cats not showing concurrent alterations. Disease severity scores did not seem to influence the protein profile in cats with CE. Extraintestinal involvement may be suspected in cats with lower albumin and α-globulins and higher γ-globulins.
Keywords	albumins ; blood proteins ; digestive system diseases ; disease severity ; electrophoresis ; endoscopy ; gastrointestinal system ; histopathology ; hypoproteinemia ; inflammation ; lymphoma ; protein content ; ultrasonography
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0824
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2768971-2
ISSN	2306-7381
ISSN	2306-7381
DOI	10.3390/vetsci9090453
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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