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  1. Article ; Online: Hearing Loss and Reduced Income Growth: A Longitudinal Socioeconomic Analysis.

    Denham, Michael W / Tucker, Lauren H / Gorroochurn, Prakash / Golub, Justin S

    Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: Hearing loss (HL) has been linked to negative socioeconomic states, including low income. This study examines the relationship between HL and income growth.: Study design: Longitudinal observational study.: Setting: Multicentered US ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Hearing loss (HL) has been linked to negative socioeconomic states, including low income. This study examines the relationship between HL and income growth.
    Study design: Longitudinal observational study.
    Setting: Multicentered US epidemiologic study (Hispanic Community Health Study, HCHS).
    Methods: Using data from 2 waves of the HCHS, we analyzed the association between HL and income growth in adults ages 18 to 74 years using generalized estimating equations. The exposure was HL, measured by 4-frequency pure-tone average (PTA). The outcome was yearly household income growth, with income graded on a 10-bracket scale from <$10,000 to >$100,000. Models controlled for demographics, hearing aid use, and vascular risk.
    Results: A total of 1342 participants met inclusion criteria. At visit 1, average age was 47.6 years (SD = 12.2), and average PTA was 13.9 decibels (dB, SD = 9.5). Average follow-up was 5.9 years (SD = 0.6). There was a significant time × HL interaction: with each 10 dB worsening in HL, the odds of belonging to a higher versus a lower income bracket changed by a factor of 0.979 (P < .001) between waves 1 and 2. In other words, the odds of belonging to a higher income group decreased with worsening HL. At 38.6 dB, the odds for income growth became <1, indicating income loss rather than growth.
    Conclusion: Increased HL is associated with reduced income growth, including the possibility of negative growth (ie, income decline). This study emphasizes the value of including socioeconomic measures in randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of HL treatment and the importance of extended follow-up for study participants.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392085-9
    ISSN 1097-6817 ; 0161-6439 ; 0194-5998
    ISSN (online) 1097-6817
    ISSN 0161-6439 ; 0194-5998
    DOI 10.1002/ohn.797
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  2. Article ; Online: Race, But Not Gender, Is Associated With Admissions Into Orthopaedic Residency Programs.

    Poon, Selina C / Nellans, Kate / Gorroochurn, Prakash / Chahine, Nadeen O

    Clinical orthopaedics and related research

    2022  Volume 480, Issue 8, Page(s) 1441–1449

    Abstract: Background: Orthopaedic surgery is one of the most competitive but least diverse surgical specialties, with ever-increasing academic achievements (such as test scores) shown by applicants. Prior research shows that white applicants had higher United ... ...

    Abstract Background: Orthopaedic surgery is one of the most competitive but least diverse surgical specialties, with ever-increasing academic achievements (such as test scores) shown by applicants. Prior research shows that white applicants had higher United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE) Step 1 and Step 2 Clinical Knowledge scores as well as higher odds of Alpha Omega Alpha status compared with Black, Hispanic, and other applicant groups. Yet, it still remains unknown whether differences in application metrics by race/ethnicity sufficiently explain the underrepresentation of certain racial or ethnic minority groups in orthopaedic residency programs.
    Questions/purposes: In this study, we sought to determine (1) the relative weight of academic variables for admission into orthopaedic residency, and (2) whether race and gender are independently associated with admission into an orthopedic residency.
    Methods: The Electronic Residency Application System (ERAS) data from the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) of first-time MD applicants (n = 8966) for orthopaedic surgery residency positions in the United States and of admitted orthopaedic residents (n = 6218) from 2005 to 2014 were reviewed. This dataset is the first and most comprehensive of its kind to date in orthopaedic surgery. Academic metrics, such as USMLE Step 1 and Step 2 Clinical Knowledge scores, number of publications, Alpha Omega Alpha status, volunteer experiences, work experience, as well as race and gender, were analyzed using hierarchical logistic regression models. The first model analyzed the association of academic metrics with admission into orthopaedic residency. In the second model, we added race and gender and controlled for metrics of academic performance. To determine how well the models simulated the actual admissions data, we computed the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) including the area under curve (AUC), which measures the model's ability to simulate which applicants were admitted or not admitted, with an AUC = 1.0 representing a perfect simulation. The odds ratio and confidence interval of each variable were computed.
    Results: When only academic variables were analyzed in the first model, Alpha Omega Alpha status (odds ratio 2.12 [95% CI 1.80 to 2.50]; p < 0.001), the USMLE Step 1 score (OR 1.04 [95% CI 1.03 to 1.04]; p < 0.001), the USMLE Step 2 Clinical Knowledge score (OR 1.01 [95% CI 1.01 to 1.02]; p < 0.001), publication count (OR 1.04 [95% CI 1.03 to 1.05]; p < 0.001), and volunteer experience (OR 1.03 [95% CI 1.01 to 1.04]; p < 0.001) were associated with admissions into orthopaedics while work and research experience were not. This model yielded a good prediction of the results with an AUC of 0.755. The second model, in which the variables of race and gender were added to the academic variables, also had a good prediction of the results with an AUC of 0.759. This model indicates that applicant race, but not gender, is associated with admissions into orthopaedic residency. Applicants from Asian (OR 0.78 [95% CI 0.67 to 0.92]), Black (OR 0.63 [95% CI 0.51 to 0.77], Hispanic (OR 0.48 [95% CI 0.36 to 0.65]), or other race groups (OR 0.65 [95% CI 0.55 to 0.77]) had lower odds of admission into residency compared with white applicants.
    Conclusion: Minority applicants, but not women, have lower odds of admission into orthopaedic surgery residency, even when accounting for academic performance metrics. Changes in the residency selection processes are needed to eliminate the lower admission probability of qualified minority applicants in orthopaedic residency and to improve the diversity and inclusion of orthopaedic surgery. Changes including increasing the diversity of the selection committee, bias training, blinding applications before review, removal of metrics with history of racial disparities from an interviewer's candidate profile before an interview, and use of holistic application review (where an applicants' experiences, attributes, and academic metrics are all considered) can improve the diversity landscape in training. In addition, cultivating an environment of inclusion will be necessary to address these long-standing trends in orthopaedic surgery.
    Clinical relevance: Race, but not gender, is associated with the odds of acceptance into orthopaedic surgery residency despite equivalent academic metrics. Changes in residency selection processes are suggested to eliminate the lower admission probability of qualified minority applicants into orthopaedic residency and to improve the diversity and inclusion of orthopaedic surgery.
    MeSH term(s) Ethnicity ; Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Minority Groups ; Orthopedic Procedures ; Orthopedics/education ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80301-7
    ISSN 1528-1132 ; 0009-921X
    ISSN (online) 1528-1132
    ISSN 0009-921X
    DOI 10.1097/CORR.0000000000001553
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  3. Article ; Online: Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Contemporary Practice Patterns.

    Johnson, Jeffrey / Gorroochurn, Prakash / Movassaghi, Miyad / Han, David / Villanueva, Juliana / Schulster, Michael / Shah, Ojas

    Journal of endourology

    2023  Volume 37, Issue 12, Page(s) 1248–1253

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Nephrolithotomy, Percutaneous/methods ; Aztreonam ; Metronidazole ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Urology ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis
    Chemical Substances Aztreonam (G2B4VE5GH8) ; Metronidazole (140QMO216E) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 356931-7
    ISSN 1557-900X ; 0892-7790
    ISSN (online) 1557-900X
    ISSN 0892-7790
    DOI 10.1089/end.2023.0254
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  4. Article: Use the Correlation Coefficient to Summarize Regression Performance?

    Gorroochurn, Prakash

    Teaching statistics

    2011  Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 81–82

    Abstract: The correlation coefficient is commonly used to indicate the quality of fit in regression. This practice is questionable. ...

    Abstract The correlation coefficient is commonly used to indicate the quality of fit in regression. This practice is questionable.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-08-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2011902-1
    ISSN 1467-9639 ; 0141-982X
    ISSN (online) 1467-9639
    ISSN 0141-982X
    DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9639.2010.00455.x
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  5. Article ; Online: A national evaluation of the predictors of compliance and survival from adjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk stage II colon cancer: A National Cancer Database (NCDB) analysis.

    Reif de Paula, Thais / Gorroochurn, Prakash / Haas, Eric M / Keller, Deborah S

    Surgery

    2022  Volume 172, Issue 3, Page(s) 859–868

    Abstract: Background: Guidelines recommend adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colon cancer with high-risk features, but there has been little study on compliance with guidelines. This work sought to evaluate compliance with adjuvant chemotherapy and factors ... ...

    Abstract Background: Guidelines recommend adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colon cancer with high-risk features, but there has been little study on compliance with guidelines. This work sought to evaluate compliance with adjuvant chemotherapy and factors associated with compliance in high-risk stage II colon cancer. This work's hypothesis was that compliance with adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations is low, but improves overall survival when used.
    Methods: The National Cancer Database was reviewed for stage II high-risk colon cancers that underwent curative resection from 2010 to 2017. The cases were stratified into adjuvant chemotherapy and no adjuvant chemotherapy cohorts. A multivariate logistic regression identified factors associated with adjuvant chemotherapy compliance. Propensity-score matching was performed to balance the cohorts and Kaplan-Meier analysis assessed overall survival. The main outcome measures were adjuvant chemotherapy compliance, factors associated with compliance, and overall survival in high-risk stage II colon cancer.
    Results: A total of 52,609 patients were evaluated, and 23.2% received adjuvant chemotherapy. The factors associated with noncompliance included older age (odds ratio 0.919; 95% confidence interval 0.915-0.922; P < .001), Medicaid (odds ratio 0.720; 95% confidence interval 0.623-0.832; P < .001) payor, greater comorbidities (odds ratio 0.423; 95% confidence interval 0.334-0.530; P < .001), and residing in the Midwest (odds ratio 0.898; 95% confidence interval 0.812-0.994; P = .037). All of the known high-risk features were significantly independently associated with compliance. In a matched cohort, adjuvant chemotherapy significantly improved the 5-year overall survival (78.1% vs 66.6%; P < .001).
    Conclusion: Nationally, there is low compliance with adjuvant chemotherapy in high-risk stage II colon cancer. Despite the low compliance, adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved overall survival. Demographic variables were associated with poor compliance, whereas tumor factors were associated with increased compliance. These results highlighted the disparities in care and opportunities to improve outcomes in high-risk stage II colon cancer.
    MeSH term(s) Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods ; Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Neoplasm Staging ; Propensity Score
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 202467-6
    ISSN 1532-7361 ; 0039-6060
    ISSN (online) 1532-7361
    ISSN 0039-6060
    DOI 10.1016/j.surg.2022.04.042
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  6. Article ; Online: Fighting and Penalty Minutes Associated With Long-term Mortality Among National Hockey League Players, 1967 to 2022.

    Popkin, Charles A / Morrissette, Cole R / Fortney, Thomas A / McCormick, Kyle L / Gorroochurn, Prakash / Stuart, Michael J

    JAMA network open

    2023  Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) e2311308

    Abstract: Importance: National Hockey League (NHL) players are exposed to frequent head trauma. The long-term consequences of repetitive brain injury, especially for players who frequently engage in fighting, remains unknown.: Objective: To investigate the ... ...

    Abstract Importance: National Hockey League (NHL) players are exposed to frequent head trauma. The long-term consequences of repetitive brain injury, especially for players who frequently engage in fighting, remains unknown.
    Objective: To investigate the mortality rates and causes of death among NHL enforcers with more career fights and penalty minutes as compared with matched controls.
    Design, setting, and participants: This matched cohort study examined 6039 NHL players who participated in at least 1 game in the seasons between October 11, 1967, and April 29, 2022, using official NHL data. Cohorts designated as enforcer-fighter (E-F) and enforcer-penalties (E-P) were selected. The E-F cohort consisted of players who participated in 50 or more career fights (n = 331). The E-P cohort included players with 3 or more penalty minutes per game (n = 183). Control-matched NHL players were identified for each E-F player (control-fighter [C-F]) (n = 331) and each E-P player (control-penalties [C-P]) (n = 183).
    Exposures: Fighting and penalty minutes were both used as proxies for head trauma exposure. Players with significantly increased exposure to fighting and penalties (E-F and E-P cohorts) were compared with NHL players with less frequent exposure to head trauma (C-F and C-P cohorts).
    Main outcomes and measures: Mortality rates and age at death of the enforcer and control cohorts, and their causes of death using data obtained from publicly available sources such as online and national news sources, including NHL.com.
    Results: Among the 6039 NHL players identified (mean [SD] age, 47.1 [15.2] years), the mean (SD) number of fights was 9.7 (24.5). The mortality rates of E-F and C-F players (13 [3.9%] vs 14 [4.2%], respectively; P = .84) or E-P and C-P players (13 [7.1.%] vs 10 [5.5%]; P = .34) were not significantly different. The mean (SD) age at death was 10 years younger for E-F players (47.5 [13.8] years) and E-P players (45.2 [10.5] years) compared with C-F players (57.5 [7.1] years) and C-P players (55.2 [8.4] years). There was a difference in causes of death between the control and enforcer players (2 neurodegenerative disorders, 2 drug overdoses, 3 suicides, and 4 vehicular crashes among enforcers vs 1 motor vehicle crash among controls; P = .03), with enforcers dying at higher rates of overdose (2 of 21 [9.5%] vs 0 of 24) and suicide (3 of 21 [14.3%] vs 0 of 24) (P = .02).
    Conclusions and relevance: The findings of this matched cohort study indicate that there is no difference in overall mortality rates between NHL enforcers and controls. However, being an enforcer was associated with dying approximately 10 years earlier and more frequently of suicide and drug overdose.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Middle Aged ; Hockey/injuries ; Cohort Studies ; Suicide ; Brain Concussion/epidemiology ; Craniocerebral Trauma
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2574-3805
    ISSN (online) 2574-3805
    DOI 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11308
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  7. Article ; Online: The State of Urotrauma Education Among Residency Programs in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

    Han, David S / Ingram, Justin W / Gorroochurn, Prakash / Badalato, Gina M / Anderson, Christopher B / Joice, Gregory A / Simhan, Jay

    Current urology reports

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 11, Page(s) 503–513

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Management of urotrauma is a crucial part of a urologist's knowledge and training. We therefore sought to understand the state of urotrauma education in the United States.: Recent findings: Using themes of "Urotrauma" and " ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Management of urotrauma is a crucial part of a urologist's knowledge and training. We therefore sought to understand the state of urotrauma education in the United States.
    Recent findings: Using themes of "Urotrauma" and "Education," we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching for studies in MEDLINE, all Cochrane libraries, EMBASE, BIOSIS, Scopus, and Web of Science through May 2023. The primary outcome was the pooled rate of urology trainee and program director attitudes toward urotrauma education. Secondary outcomes involved a descriptive summary of existing urotrauma curricula and an assessment of factors affecting urotrauma exposure. Of 12,230 unique records, 11 studies met the final eligibility criteria, and we included 2 in the meta-analysis. The majority of trainees and program directors reported having level 1 trauma center rotations (range 88-89%) and considered urotrauma exposure as an important aspect of residency education (83%, 95% CI 76-88%). Despite possible increases in trainee exposure to Society of Genitourinary Reconstructive Surgeons (GURS) faculty over the preceding decade, nearly a third of trainees and program directors currently felt there remained inadequate exposure to urotrauma during training (32%, 95% CI 19-46%). Factors affecting urotrauma education include the limited exposure to GURS-trained faculty and clinical factors such as case infrequency and non-operative trauma management. Urology resident exposure to urotrauma is inadequate in many training programs, underscoring the potential value of developing a standardized curriculum to improve urotrauma education for trainees. Further investigation is needed to characterize this issue and to understand how it impacts trainee practice readiness.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; United States ; Internship and Residency ; Urology/education ; Education, Medical, Graduate/methods ; Curriculum
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2057354-6
    ISSN 1534-6285 ; 1527-2737
    ISSN (online) 1534-6285
    ISSN 1527-2737
    DOI 10.1007/s11934-023-01179-0
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  8. Article ; Online: Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-up Study (NYC-SIGHT): Vision and refractive error results.

    Diamond, Daniel F / Kresch, Yocheved S / Gorroochurn, Prakash / Park, Lisa / Horowitz, Jason D / Wang, Qing / Maruri, Stefania C / Henriquez, Desiree R / Harizman, Noga / Carrion, Jailine / Liebmann, Jeffrey M / Cioffi, George A / Hark, Lisa A

    Clinical & experimental optometry

    2024  , Page(s) 1–8

    Abstract: Clinical relevance: Optometrists can play a key role in providing access to eye care in underserved populations by organising community-based eye health screenings that include optometric exams to detect vision impairment and uncorrected refractive ... ...

    Abstract Clinical relevance: Optometrists can play a key role in providing access to eye care in underserved populations by organising community-based eye health screenings that include optometric exams to detect vision impairment and uncorrected refractive error.
    Background: Community-based eye health screenings and optometric exams were conducted in the NYC-SIGHT Study.
    Methods: A sub-analysis of vision impairment and refractive error results within a 5-year prospective, cluster-randomised clinical trial. Eligible individuals (age ≥40 years) were recruited from 10 affordable housing developments in Upper Manhattan. Developments were randomised into usual care (received glasses prescription only) and intervention (free glasses) groups. Participants with 6/12 visual acuity or worse, intraocular pressure 23-29 mmHg, or an unreadable fundus image were scheduled with the study optometrist for refraction and a non-dilated exam. Visual improvement data were obtained by comparing the presenting acuity at screening compared to the best corrected acuity after refraction by the optometrist. Chi-square, two-sample t-tests, and a stepwise multivariate logistic regression model were used to determined factors associated with improvable visual impairment.
    Results: Seven hundred and eight participants completed screening, 308 received an optometric exam. Those with improvable vision impairment (
    Conclusion: This innovative, targeted community-based study included an optometrist who detected high rates of refractive error and improvable vision impairment in an underserved population living in New York City.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639275-1
    ISSN 1444-0938 ; 0816-4622
    ISSN (online) 1444-0938
    ISSN 0816-4622
    DOI 10.1080/08164622.2024.2322523
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  9. Article ; Online: Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-Up Study (NYC-SIGHT): optometric exam improves access and utilization of eye care services.

    Diamond, Daniel F / Hirji, Sitara / Xing, Samantha X / Gorroochurn, Prakash / Horowitz, Jason D / Wang, Qing / Park, Lisa / Harizman, Noga / Maruri, Stefania C / Henriquez, Desiree R / Liebmann, Jeffrey M / Cioffi, George A / Hark, Lisa A

    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie

    2024  Volume 262, Issue 5, Page(s) 1619–1631

    Abstract: Purpose: To describe the benefits of optometric evaluation for detection of vision-affecting conditions in the context of community-based eye health screenings and identify factors associated with having a recent dilated eye exam.: Methods: Enrolled ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To describe the benefits of optometric evaluation for detection of vision-affecting conditions in the context of community-based eye health screenings and identify factors associated with having a recent dilated eye exam.
    Methods: Enrolled participants were age 40 and older, living independently in affordable housing developments in New York City. Eye health screening failure and criteria for seeing the on-site study optometrist were defined as visual acuity 20/40 or worse in either eye, intraocular pressure 23-29 mmHg, or an unreadable fundus image. The optometrist conducted a manifest refraction using loose lenses and used a portable slit lamp and ophthalmoscope to perform a non-dilated anterior and posterior segment ocular health evaluation. Demographics, social determinants of health, eye health screening results, and rates of suspected ophthalmic conditions were recorded. To determine factors associated with having a recent dilated eye exam, which was the main outcome for this statistical analysis, a stepwise multivariate logistic regression was performed.
    Results: A total of 708 participants were screened, 308 attended the optometric exam; mean age 70.7 ± 11.7 [standard deviation (SD)] years. Among this subgroup, 70.1% identified as female, 54.9% self-identified as African American, 39% as Hispanic/Latino, and 26.6% Dominican ethnicity; 78.2% (241/308) had not undergone a dilated eye exam within the last year, 71.4% reported they did not have an eye care provider. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that participants who self-reported having cataracts (odds ratio (OR) 2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-4.47; p = 0.041), self-reported having glaucoma/glaucoma suspect (OR 5.60; 95% CI 2.02-15.43; p = 0.001), or spoke Spanish as their primary language (OR 3.25; 95% CI 1.48-7.11; p = 0.003) had higher odds of having a recent dilated eye exam.
    Conclusions: This community-based screening initiative demonstrated the effectiveness of optometric exams in detecting vision-affecting conditions and identified factors associated with having a recent dilated eye exam. Optometrists play a vital role in increasing access to eye care for high-risk, underserved populations.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04271709).
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Cataract ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Ocular Hypertension ; Vision Disorders ; Vision Screening
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Clinical Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 8435-9
    ISSN 1435-702X ; 0721-832X
    ISSN (online) 1435-702X
    ISSN 0721-832X
    DOI 10.1007/s00417-023-06344-2
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  10. Article ; Online: Evaluating compliance with the best practice guidelines for wrong-level surgery prevention in high-risk pediatric spine surgery.

    Concepción-González, Alondra / Sarmiento, J Manuel / Rymond, Christina C / Ezeh, Chinenye / Sinha, Rishi / Lin, Hannah / Lu, Kevin / Boby, Afrain Z / Gorroochurn, Prakash / Larson, A Noelle / Roye, Benjamin D / Ilharreborde, Brice / Vitale, Michael G

    Spine deformity

    2024  

    Abstract: Purpose: In 2018, Best Practice Guidelines (BPGs) were published for preventing wrong-level surgery in pediatric spinal deformity, but successful implementation has not been established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate BPG compliance 5 years ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: In 2018, Best Practice Guidelines (BPGs) were published for preventing wrong-level surgery in pediatric spinal deformity, but successful implementation has not been established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate BPG compliance 5 years after publication. We hypothesized higher compliance among BPG authors and among surgeons with more experience, higher caseload, and awareness of the BPGs.
    Methods: We queried North American and European surgeons, authors and nonauthors, and members of pediatric spinal study groups on adherence to BPGs using an anonymous survey consisting of 18 Likert scale questions. Respondents provided years in practice, yearly caseload, and guideline awareness. Mean compliance scores (MCS) were developed by correlating Likert responses with MCS scores ("None of the time" = no compliance = MCS 0, "Sometimes" = weak to moderate = MCS 1, "Most of the time" = high = MCS 2, and "All the time" = perfect = MCS 3).
    Results: Of the 134 respondents, 81.5% reported high or perfect compliance. Average MCS for all guidelines was 2.4 ± 0.4. North American and European surgeons showed no compliance differences (2.4 vs. 2.3, p = 0.07). Authors and nonauthors showed significantly different compliance scores (2.8 vs 2.4, p < 0.001), as did surgeons with and without knowledge of the BPGs (2.5 vs 2.2, p < 0.001). BPG awareness and compliance showed a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.48, p < 0.001), with non-significant associations between compliance and both years in practice (r = 0.41, p = 0.64) and yearly caseload (r = 0.02, p = 0.87).
    Conclusion: Surgeons reported high or perfect compliance 81.5% of the time with BPGs for preventing wrong-level surgery. Authorship and BPG awareness showed increased compliance. Location, study group membership, years in practice, and yearly caseload did not affect compliance.
    Level of evidence: Level V-expert opinion.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2717704-X
    ISSN 2212-1358 ; 2212-134X ; 2212-1358
    ISSN (online) 2212-1358 ; 2212-134X
    ISSN 2212-1358
    DOI 10.1007/s43390-024-00836-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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