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  1. Article ; Online: Author Correction: The multi-mode acoustic gravitational wave experiment: MAGE.

    Campbell, William M / Goryachev, Maxim / Tobar, Michael E

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 4762

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-55260-w
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  2. Article ; Online: The multi-mode acoustic gravitational wave experiment: MAGE.

    Campbell, William M / Goryachev, Maxim / Tobar, Michael E

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 10638

    Abstract: The Multi-mode Acoustic Gravitational wave Experiment (MAGE) is a high frequency gravitational wave detection experiment. In its first stage, the experiment features two near-identical quartz bulk acoustic wave resonators that act as strain antennas with ...

    Abstract The Multi-mode Acoustic Gravitational wave Experiment (MAGE) is a high frequency gravitational wave detection experiment. In its first stage, the experiment features two near-identical quartz bulk acoustic wave resonators that act as strain antennas with spectral sensitivity as low as 6.6 × 10
    MeSH term(s) Quartz ; Calibration ; Gravitation ; Sound ; Acoustics
    Chemical Substances Quartz (14808-60-7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-35670-y
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  3. Article ; Online: Active Electric Dipole Energy Sources: Transduction via Electric Scalar and Vector Potentials.

    Tobar, Michael E / Chiao, Raymond Y / Goryachev, Maxim

    Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 18

    Abstract: The creation of electromagnetic energy may be realised by engineering a device with a method of transduction, which allows an external energy source, such as mechanical, chemical, nuclear, etc., to be impressed into the electromagnetic system through a ... ...

    Abstract The creation of electromagnetic energy may be realised by engineering a device with a method of transduction, which allows an external energy source, such as mechanical, chemical, nuclear, etc., to be impressed into the electromagnetic system through a mechanism that enables the separation of opposite polarity charges. For example, a voltage generator, such as a triboelectric nanogenerator, enables the separation of charges through the transduction of mechanical energy, creating an active physical dipole in the static case, or an active Hertzian dipole in the time-dependent case. The net result is the creation of a static or time-dependent permanent polarisation, respectively, without an applied electric field and with a non-zero vector curl. This system is the dual of a magnetic solenoid or permanent magnet excited by a circulating electrical current or fictitious bound current, respectively, which supplies a magnetomotive force described by a magnetic vector potential and a magnetic geometric phase proportional to the enclosed magnetic flux. Thus, the active electric dipole voltage generator has been described macroscopically by a circulating fictitious magnetic current boundary source and exhibits an electric vector potential with an electric geometric phase proportional to the enclosed electric flux density. This macroscopic description of an active dipole is a semi-classical average description of some underlying microscopic physics, which exhibits emergent nonconservative behaviour not found in classical closed-system laws of electrodynamics. We show that the electromotive force produced by an active dipole in general has both electric scalar and vector potential components to account for the magnitude of the electromotive force it produces. Independent of the electromagnetic gauge, we show that Faraday's and Ampere's law may be derived from the time rate of change of the magnetic and dual electric geometric phases. Finally, we analyse an active cylindrical dipole in terms of scalar and vector potential and confirm that the electromotive force produced, and hence potential difference across the terminals is a combination of vector and scalar potential difference depending on the aspect ratio (AR) of the dipole. For long thin active dipoles (AR approaches 0), the electric field is suppressed inside, and the voltage is determined mainly by the electric vector potential. For large flat active dipoles (AR approaches infinity), the electric flux density is suppressed inside, and the voltage is mainly determined by the scalar potential.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2052857-7
    ISSN 1424-8220 ; 1424-8220
    ISSN (online) 1424-8220
    ISSN 1424-8220
    DOI 10.3390/s22187029
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  4. Article ; Online: Exclusion of Axionlike-Particle Cogenesis Dark Matter in a Mass Window above 100  μeV.

    Quiskamp, Aaron / McAllister, Ben T / Altin, Paul / Ivanov, Eugene N / Goryachev, Maxim / Tobar, Michael E

    Physical review letters

    2024  Volume 132, Issue 3, Page(s) 31601

    Abstract: We report the results of Phase 1b of the ORGAN experiment, a microwave cavity haloscope searching for dark matter axions in the 107.42-111.93  μeV mass range. The search excludes axions with two-photon coupling g_{aγγ}≥4×10^{-12}  GeV^{-1} with 95% ... ...

    Abstract We report the results of Phase 1b of the ORGAN experiment, a microwave cavity haloscope searching for dark matter axions in the 107.42-111.93  μeV mass range. The search excludes axions with two-photon coupling g_{aγγ}≥4×10^{-12}  GeV^{-1} with 95% confidence interval, setting the best upper bound to date and with the required sensitivity to exclude the axionlike particle cogenesis model for dark matter in this range. This result was achieved using a tunable rectangular cavity, which mitigated several practical issues that become apparent when conducting high-mass axion searches, and was the first such axion search to be conducted with such a cavity. It also represents the most sensitive axion haloscope experiment to date in the ∼100  μeV mass region.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.031601
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Precision Multi-Mode Dielectric Characterization of a Crystalline Perovskite Enables Determination of the Temperature-Dependent Phase Transitions.

    Zhao, Zijun C / Goryachev, Maxim / Krupka, Jerzy / Tobar, Michael E

    IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control

    2021  Volume 69, Issue 1, Page(s) 423–429

    Abstract: Simple perovskite crystals undergo structural phase transitions on cooling to low temperatures, which significantly change the material properties of the crystal. In this work, we rigorously characterize the temperature evolution of permittivity of a ... ...

    Abstract Simple perovskite crystals undergo structural phase transitions on cooling to low temperatures, which significantly change the material properties of the crystal. In this work, we rigorously characterize the temperature evolution of permittivity of a perovskite crystal as it undergoes phase transitions. In particular, we have undertaken precision measurements of a single crystal of Strontium Titanate from 294.6 to 5.6 K, by measuring the frequency of multiple microwave transverse electric (TE) and magnetic resonant modes simultaneously. The multi-mode microwave measurement technique of resonant frequency used in this work allows high precision determination of any induced anisotropy of the permittivity as the crystal undergoes structural phase transitions. Compared with previous results, we unequivocally show that the permittivity has an isotropic value of 316.3±2.2 at room temperature, consistent with its well-known cubic structure, and determine the onset of dielectric anisotropy as the crystal is cooled to lower temperatures. We show that the crystal exhibits uniaxial anisotropy in the permittivity below 105 K when the structure becomes tetragonal, and exhibits biaxial anisotropy in the permittivity below 51 K when the structure becomes orthorhombic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1525-8955
    ISSN (online) 1525-8955
    DOI 10.1109/TUFFC.2021.3108118
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  6. Article: Glasses: Achieving long phonon lifetimes.

    Goryachev, Maxim / Tobar, Michael E

    Nature materials

    2017  Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 285–286

    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2088679-2
    ISSN 1476-4660 ; 1476-1122
    ISSN (online) 1476-4660
    ISSN 1476-1122
    DOI 10.1038/nmat4867
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  7. Article ; Online: Experiments match simulations in a multiple post reentrant cavity.

    de Paula, L A N / Goryachev, M / Tobar, M E

    The Review of scientific instruments

    2017  Volume 88, Issue 12, Page(s) 125104

    Abstract: Microwave reentrant cavities are used for many applications in science and engineering. The potential for both high mechanical tunability and high electric quality factors make them important tools in many areas. They are usually resonant cylindrical ... ...

    Abstract Microwave reentrant cavities are used for many applications in science and engineering. The potential for both high mechanical tunability and high electric quality factors make them important tools in many areas. They are usually resonant cylindrical cavities with a central post, which makes a small gap spacing with the cavity wall. By adding an arbitrary number of extra posts, they are generalized to a type of multiple post reentrant cavity. This new approach has been theoretically studied but no experimental results have been presented. The main purpose of this work was to compare experimental modes with simulated ones from a reentrant cavity made of forty nine cylindrical posts. Each post could be moved using a screw in order to make tunable gap spacing between the post top and the cavity cover. Eight different gap setups were made making it possible to investigate thirty six different reentrant modes at room temperature. The lowest frequency percentage agreement between experiment and simulation was 91.31%, and the best one was 99.92%. Taking into account all the modes, 94.44% of them agreed above 96%. Thus, we have determined an experimental procedure suitable to investigate the reentrant modes from multiple post cavities. There is a wide range of potential applications for such cavities due to their unique features compared to conventional ones.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209865-9
    ISSN 1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
    ISSN (online) 1089-7623
    ISSN 0034-6748
    DOI 10.1063/1.4997626
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  8. Book ; Online: Low Temperature Multi-mode Microwave Spectroscopy of Single Crystal Calcium Tungstate

    Hartman, Elrina / Tobar, Michael E / McAllister, Ben T / Bourhill, Jeremy / Goryachev, Maxim

    2023  

    Abstract: Single crystal calcium tungstate (CaWO$_4$) is an interesting material for investigating spins in solids using microwave quantum electrodynamics (QED). We construct a dielectrically loaded microwave cavity resonator from a cylindrical single crystal of ... ...

    Abstract Single crystal calcium tungstate (CaWO$_4$) is an interesting material for investigating spins in solids using microwave quantum electrodynamics (QED). We construct a dielectrically loaded microwave cavity resonator from a cylindrical single crystal of CaWO$_4$ and perform whispering gallery multi-mode spectroscopy at 30 mK. This study found many high-$Q$ modes, indicating a low dielectric loss tangent ($\tan\delta<10^{-7}$) which enables high sensitivity analysis of photon-spin interactions. Measurements of spin $g_L$ factors and zero field splittings (ZFS) allow for identification and characterization of spins that arise from the presence of paramagnetic impurities. We found Gd$^{3+}$ concentrations of $\mathcal{O}(10^{13})$ cm$^{-3}$ and lower bounds on the spin concentration could be placed on the order of ppb. Additionally, we observe the presence of unknown rare\hyp{}earth metal impurities at much lower concentrations.
    Keywords Quantum Physics ; Condensed Matter - Materials Science
    Subject code 530
    Publishing date 2023-12-08
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
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  9. Article ; Online: Upconversion Loop Oscillator Axion Detection Experiment: A Precision Frequency Interferometric Axion Dark Matter Search with a Cylindrical Microwave Cavity.

    Thomson, Catriona A / McAllister, Ben T / Goryachev, Maxim / Ivanov, Eugene N / Tobar, Michael E

    Physical review letters

    2021  Volume 126, Issue 8, Page(s) 81803

    Abstract: First experimental results from a room-temperature tabletop phase-sensitive axion haloscope experiment are presented. The technique exploits the axion-photon coupling between two photonic resonator oscillators excited in a single cavity, allowing low- ... ...

    Abstract First experimental results from a room-temperature tabletop phase-sensitive axion haloscope experiment are presented. The technique exploits the axion-photon coupling between two photonic resonator oscillators excited in a single cavity, allowing low-mass axions to be upconverted to microwave frequencies, acting as a source of frequency modulation on the microwave carriers. This new pathway to axion detection has certain advantages over the traditional haloscope method, particularly in targeting axions below 1  μeV (240 MHz) in energy. At the heart of the dual-mode oscillator, a tunable cylindrical microwave cavity supports a pair of orthogonally polarized modes (TM_{0,2,0} and TE_{0,1,1}), which, in general, enables simultaneous sensitivity to axions with masses corresponding to the sum and difference of the microwave frequencies. However, in the reported experiment, the configuration was such that the sum frequency sensitivity was suppressed, while the difference frequency sensitivity was enhanced. The results place axion exclusion limits between 7.44-19.38 neV, excluding a minimal coupling strength above 5×10^{-7}  1/GeV, after a measurement period of two and a half hours. We show that a state-of-the-art frequency-stabilized cryogenic implementation of this technique, ambitious but realizable, may achieve the best limits in a vast range of axion space.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.081803
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  10. Article ; Online: Erratum: Upconversion Loop Oscillator Axion Detection Experiment: A Precision Frequency Interferometric Axion Dark Matter Search with a Cylindrical Microwave Cavity [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 081803 (2021)].

    Thomson, Catriona A / McAllister, Ben T / Goryachev, Maxim / Ivanov, Eugene N / Tobar, Michael E

    Physical review letters

    2021  Volume 127, Issue 1, Page(s) 19901

    Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.081803. ...

    Abstract This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.081803.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.019901
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