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  1. Article ; Online: Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Kawasaki Disease: An Update.

    Kumrah, Rajni / Goyal, Taru / Rawat, Amit / Singh, Surjit

    Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology

    2024  Volume 66, Issue 1, Page(s) 99–111

    Abstract: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis that has a special predilection for coronary arteries. Cardiovascular complications include the development of coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs) and myocarditis. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is now ... ...

    Abstract Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis that has a special predilection for coronary arteries. Cardiovascular complications include the development of coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs) and myocarditis. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is now recognized to be a key component in the pathogenesis of KD and is believed to contribute to the development of CAAs. ED has been evaluated by several clinical parameters. However, there is paucity of literature on laboratory markers for ED in KD. The evaluation of ED can be aided by the identification of biomarkers such as oxidative stress markers, circulating cells and their progenitors, angiogenesis factors, cytokines, chemokines, cell-adhesion molecules, and adipokines. If validated in multicentric studies, these biomarkers may be useful for monitoring the disease course of KD. They may also provide a useful predictive marker for the development of premature atherosclerosis that is often a concern during long-term follow-up of KD. This review provides insights into the current understanding of the significance of ED in KD.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Atherosclerosis/etiology ; Biomarkers ; Oxidative Stress ; Cytokines
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Cytokines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1239045-8
    ISSN 1559-0267 ; 1080-0549
    ISSN (online) 1559-0267
    ISSN 1080-0549
    DOI 10.1007/s12016-024-08985-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Editorial: Advances in therapeutic strategies of inborn errors of immunity.

    Pilania, Rakesh Kumar / Goyal, Taru / Singh, Surjit

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1328846

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1328846
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Microbiome and Its Dysbiosis in Inborn Errors of Immunity.

    Sharma, Madhubala / Dhaliwal, Manpreet / Tyagi, Rahul / Goyal, Taru / Sharma, Saniya / Rawat, Amit

    Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 4

    Abstract: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) can present with infections, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, granulomas, and malignancy. IEIs are due to genetic abnormalities that disrupt normal host-immune response or immune regulation. The microbiome appears ... ...

    Abstract Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) can present with infections, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, granulomas, and malignancy. IEIs are due to genetic abnormalities that disrupt normal host-immune response or immune regulation. The microbiome appears essential for maintaining host immunity, especially in patients with a defective immune system. Altered gut microbiota in patients with IEI can lead to clinical symptoms. Microbial dysbiosis is the consequence of an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria or a reduction in anti-inflammatory bacteria. However, functional and compositional differences in microbiota are also involved. Dysbiosis and a reduced alpha-diversity are well documented, particularly in conditions like common variable immunodeficiency. Deranged microbiota is also seen in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, severe combined immunodeficiency, chronic granulomatous disease, selective immunoglobulin-A deficiency, Hyper IgE syndrome (HIGES), X-linked lymphoproliferative disease-2, immunodysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, x-linked syndrome, and defects of IL10 signalling. Distinct gastrointestinal, respiratory, and cutaneous symptoms linked to dysbiosis are seen in several IEIs, emphasizing the importance of microbiome identification. In this study, we discuss the processes that maintain immunological homeostasis between commensals and the host and the disruptions thereof in patients with IEIs. As the connection between microbiota, host immunity, and infectious illnesses is better understood, microbiota manipulation as a treatment strategy or infection prevention method would be more readily employed. Therefore, optimal prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation can be promising strategies to restore the microbiota and decrease disease pathology in patients with IEIs.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens12040518
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Plasma microRNA expression and immunoregulatory cytokines in an Indian population occupationally exposed to cadmium.

    Mitra, Prasenjit / Goyal, Taru / Sharma, Praveen / Sai Kiran, Gangam / Rana, Shweta / Sharma, Shailja

    Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology

    2022  , Page(s) e23221

    Abstract: Following its accumulation in the body, cadmium (Cd) exposure is associated with devastating effects on multiple organ system of the human body. The immune system is one of the sensitive targets for Cd-induced toxicity. Recently, studies have ... ...

    Abstract Following its accumulation in the body, cadmium (Cd) exposure is associated with devastating effects on multiple organ system of the human body. The immune system is one of the sensitive targets for Cd-induced toxicity. Recently, studies have demonstrated a significant role of Cd in inducing epigenetic alterations. With this background, the present study was planned to study the changes in candidate microRNA (miRNA) expression associated with immune regulation in occupationally Cd-exposed workers. One hundred individuals involved in welding and metal handicraft manufacturing, while 80 apparently healthy subjects without any prior history of occupational exposure were recruited for the study. Blood Cd level was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Serum cytokine levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and serum miRNA expression of candidate miRNAs (miR-146a, miR-210, and miR-222) were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The median Cd level (2.40 μg/L) in the occupationally exposed workers was significantly higher than the nonexposed subjects (0.90 μg/L). Among the cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were significantly higher while IL-2 and IL-10 were significantly lower in the exposed. The expression level of miR-146a and miR-222 were significantly different between the groups with the former showing downregulation and later showing upregulation. Correlation analysis revealed a positive and negative association of miR-222 and miR-146a with blood cadmium level, IL-17 as well as TNF-α, respectively. Furthermore, the in-silico analysis revealed a significant role of the studied miRNAs in various cellular and genetic pathways. The findings of the present study demonstrate significant involvement of Cd-induced alteration in miRNAs in varied immune regulatory changes in exposed individuals.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1410020-4
    ISSN 1099-0461 ; 1095-6670
    ISSN (online) 1099-0461
    ISSN 1095-6670
    DOI 10.1002/jbt.23221
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Unravelling blood-based epigenetic mechanisms: the impact of hsa-miR-146a and histone H3 acetylation in lead-induced inflammation among occupational workers.

    Kiran, Gangam Sai / Kumar, Pvsn Kiran / Mitra, Prasenjit / Kumar, Kanishka / Goyal, Taru / Sharma, Shailja / Rana, Shweta / Sharma, Praveen

    International archives of occupational and environmental health

    2023  Volume 96, Issue 9, Page(s) 1257–1266

    Abstract: Background: Occupational and environmental exposure to lead (Pb) is a persistent health problem majorly in developing countries and has been implied to cause epigenetic alterations. Its effect on histone post-translational modifications is not explored ... ...

    Abstract Background: Occupational and environmental exposure to lead (Pb) is a persistent health problem majorly in developing countries and has been implied to cause epigenetic alterations. Its effect on histone post-translational modifications is not explored in human population. MicroRNAs are epigenetic modulators reported to be differentially expressed under Pb exposure. The present study was targeted to find plausible association between the role of hsa-miR-146a and global histone (H3) acetylation in Pb-induced inflammation in occupationally exposed workers.
    Materials and methods: A total of 100 occupationally exposed individuals working in different industries were recruited for the study and divided into 2 groups based on the median Pb levels [low Pb group (Pb < 5 μg/dL) and High Pb group (Pb > 5 μg/dL)]. The Pb levels were measured in whole blood using atomic absorption spectrometry to confirm Pb exposure. Histone H3 acetylation and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured using colorimetric methods and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. MicroRNA-146a expression was quantified using TaqMan assay.
    Results: The median BLL of the study population was 5 μg/dL. BLL, IL-6, and Histone (H3) acetylation increased significantly with the duration of exposure. BLL level showed a significant positive correlation with IL-6 and histone H3 acetylation level. We also found that hsa-miR-146a exhibited significantly increased expression in the high Pb group compared to the low Pb group (Fold change: 2.56; P = 0.014). The linear regression model suggested that BLL has significantly predicted histone H3 acetylation, hsa-miR-146a, and IL-6 in the study subjects.
    Conclusion: The finding that hsa-miR146a was significantly upregulated in individuals with high BLL and had a significant negative correlation with serum IL-6 suggests that Pb-induced oxidative stress likely activates H3 acetylation, which then releases inflammatory cytokines like IL-6.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-12
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 129038-1
    ISSN 1432-1246 ; 0340-0131 ; 0367-9977
    ISSN (online) 1432-1246
    ISSN 0340-0131 ; 0367-9977
    DOI 10.1007/s00420-023-02004-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Association of blood lead level with neurobehavior and neurotransmitter expressions in Indian children

    L., Malavika / Mitra, Prasenjit / Goyal, Taru / Abhilasha / Sharma, Shailja / Purohit, Purvi / Sharma, Praveen

    Toxicology reports. 2021, v. 8

    2021  

    Abstract: Present study aimed to assess the alterations in neurotransmitter expression and its association with Blood Lead Level (BLL) and neurobehavioral pattern in children. 72 school going children were recruited. Blood lead levels were determined by Atomic ... ...

    Abstract Present study aimed to assess the alterations in neurotransmitter expression and its association with Blood Lead Level (BLL) and neurobehavioral pattern in children. 72 school going children were recruited. Blood lead levels were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Neurobehavioral state was assessed by means of population specific scale i.e. CPMS (Childhood Psychopathological measurement Schedule). Serum serotonin and dopamine were estimated by ELISA, receptor and transporter gene expressions were assessed by quantitative real time PCR. Significant positive correlation was observed between Total CPMS score (i.e. adverse neurobehaviour) and BLL. Further, serum serotonin levels and dopamine receptor expression showed a negative and positive association with BLL, respectively. In similarity, serum serotonin levels showed a negative correlation and dopamine receptor expression had a significant positive correlation with total CPMS score. Environmental exposure to Lead (Pb) may result in significant alterations in the neurotransmitter levels which may be associated with neurobehavioral changes in the children exposed to Pb.
    Keywords atomic absorption spectrometry ; blood serum ; childhood ; dopamine ; dopamine receptors ; environmental exposure ; genes ; lead ; neurotransmitters ; quantitative polymerase chain reaction ; serotonin ; toxicology
    Language English
    Size p. 971-976.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2805786-7
    ISSN 2214-7500
    ISSN 2214-7500
    DOI 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.05.002
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: Association Between Circulating Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Percentage and Blood Lead Levels in Children

    Ghosh, Raghumoy / Goyal, Taru / Mitra, Prasenjit / Malavika, L. / Sharma, Shailja / Sharma, Praveen

    Biological trace element research. 2021 July, v. 199, no. 7

    2021  

    Abstract: Lead (Pb) exposure is known to cause T helper 1 (Th1) to T helper 2 (Th2) shift in the immune response. The mechanism responsible for these effects is unclear. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are known as the principal secretor of type 1 interferons ( ...

    Abstract Lead (Pb) exposure is known to cause T helper 1 (Th1) to T helper 2 (Th2) shift in the immune response. The mechanism responsible for these effects is unclear. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are known as the principal secretor of type 1 interferons (IFNs), which have a stimulatory effect on Th1 differentiation. However, no previous study has explored the effect of Pb on pDCs. Thus, the present study was conducted to explore the correlation between circulating pDC count, serum IFNα (pan) levels, and blood lead levels (BLLs) in children environmentally exposed to Pb. A total of 82 school-going children were recruited from government and private schools in Jodhpur. BLL, pDC percentages, and serum IFNα (pan) levels were estimated by atomic absorption spectrometry, flow cytometry, and ELISA, respectively, in 82 samples. The participants were divided as per BLL quartiles into 4 groups: (A) BLL < 3 μg/dL (n = 21), (B) BLL = 3–4.08 μg/dL (n = 20), (C) BLL = 4.08–6.17 μg/dL (n = 20), and (D) BLL > 6.17 μg/dL (n = 21). Only in category D, pDC percentages showed a significant positive correlation with BLL (Spearman’s R = 0.5). Therefore, this preliminary data suggests that BLL might modulate pDC levels in a dose-dependent manner.
    Keywords CD4-positive T-lymphocytes ; atomic absorption spectrometry ; blood serum ; dendritic cells ; dose response ; flow cytometry ; immune response ; lead ; research ; trace elements
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-07
    Size p. 2508-2513.
    Publishing place Springer US
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 445336-0
    ISSN 1559-0720 ; 0163-4984
    ISSN (online) 1559-0720
    ISSN 0163-4984
    DOI 10.1007/s12011-020-02383-6
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  8. Article ; Online: Evaluation of DNA Damage and Expressions of DNA Repair Gene in Occupationally Lead Exposed Workers (Jodhpur, India).

    Singh, Preeti / Mitra, Prasenjit / Goyal, Taru / Sharma, Shailja / Sharma, Praveen

    Biological trace element research

    2020  Volume 199, Issue 5, Page(s) 1707–1714

    Abstract: Occupational exposure to lead (Pb) remains a significant concern for worker's health working in different factories. There are many discrepancies among the results regarding the studies of genotoxicity of Pb. The present study aimed to evaluate DNA ... ...

    Abstract Occupational exposure to lead (Pb) remains a significant concern for worker's health working in different factories. There are many discrepancies among the results regarding the studies of genotoxicity of Pb. The present study aimed to evaluate DNA damage and expressions of DNA repair genes (OGG1, XRCC1, and XPD) in occupationally Pb-exposed workers of Jodhpur, India. The study consisted of 100 occupationally Pb-exposed workers and 100 controls (non-exposed) with no history of occupational exposure. Pb levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, serum 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentrations were measured by ELISA, and expressions of DNA repair genes (OGG1, XRCC1, and XPD) were estimated by RT-PCR. The results indicated significantly higher levels of Pb in the exposed group as compared with the non-exposed group (p < 0.0001). Serum 8-OHdG concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.0083), and all three DNA repair genes were significantly downregulated (fold change: OGG1, 0.188; XRCC1, 0.125; XPD, 0.133) in the Pb-exposed group as compared with the non-exposed. In conclusion, the study findings suggest that Pb exposure is associated with increased DNA damage and reduced DNA repair capacity, which may lead to serious health issues in occupationally Pb-exposed workers.
    MeSH term(s) 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine ; DNA Damage/genetics ; DNA Repair/genetics ; Humans ; India ; Lead/toxicity ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data ; X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1/genetics
    Chemical Substances X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1 ; XRCC1 protein, human ; Lead (2P299V784P) ; 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine (88847-89-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 445336-0
    ISSN 1559-0720 ; 0163-4984
    ISSN (online) 1559-0720
    ISSN 0163-4984
    DOI 10.1007/s12011-020-02298-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Assessment of circulating miR-20b, miR-221, and miR-155 in occupationally lead-exposed workers of North-Western India.

    Mitra, Prasenjit / Goyal, Taru / Singh, Preeti / Sharma, Shailja / Sharma, Praveen

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2020  Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 3172–3181

    Abstract: Lead (Pb), a toxic heavy metal, is capable of inducing several adverse health effects following its accumulation in the body. Lead is a potential carcinogen, capable of causing multisystem alterations. Recent reports identify small regulatory RNA ... ...

    Abstract Lead (Pb), a toxic heavy metal, is capable of inducing several adverse health effects following its accumulation in the body. Lead is a potential carcinogen, capable of causing multisystem alterations. Recent reports identify small regulatory RNA molecules-miRNAs-which show differential expression in individuals exposed to similar levels of lead. These miRNAs can become potential molecular biomarkers of lead toxicity in the future and may unravel the possible molecular pathways through which this metal may exert its toxic manifestations. The present study aimed to assess the circulating levels of miRNA-20b, 221, and 155 in occupationally lead-exposed workers and correlate them with blood lead levels. One hundred ten participants working in various factories of Jodhpur and 97 participants not occupationally exposed to lead were recruited after obtaining due informed consent. Blood lead level (BLL) was estimated by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GF-AAS). Circulating miRNAs were isolated from serum by Qiagen miRNA isolation kit and converted to cDNA by commercial kit. Expression profiles of miR-20b, miR-221, and miR-155 were performed in RT-PCR using Qiagen miRNA PCR assays. The blood lead level (mean ± SD) of occupationally lead-exposed subjects was 6.94 ± 11.96 μg/dL while that of non-exposed was 2.39 ± 4.66 μg/dL. Out of the three miRNAs, miR-155 and miR-221 were significantly upregulated, while miR-20b did not show significant difference among study groups. The fold change of miR-20b, miR-221 and miR-155 expression were 1.08, 2.71 and 2.07 respectively. Functional analysis revealed that these miRNAs have the potential to trigger various genes and cellular pathways. The findings of our study highlight the importance of miRNA dysregulation in lead-exposed individuals that may contribute to the systemic effects of lead toxicity.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers ; Humans ; India ; Lead ; Lead Poisoning ; MicroRNAs/genetics
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; MIRN155 microRNA, human ; MIRN20b microRNA, human ; MIRN221 microRNA, human ; MicroRNAs ; Lead (2P299V784P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-09
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-020-10676-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Blood lead and cadmium levels in occupationally exposed workers and their effect on markers of DNA damage and repair.

    Singh, Preeti / Mitra, Prasenjit / Goyal, Taru / Sharma, Shailja / Sharma, Praveen

    Environmental geochemistry and health

    2020  Volume 43, Issue 1, Page(s) 185–193

    Abstract: Occupational exposure to heavy metals like lead and cadmium causes a wide range of biological effects and may elevate the risk of genetic damage. Heavy metal toxicity is now becoming a significant public health problem. There are many discrepancies in ... ...

    Abstract Occupational exposure to heavy metals like lead and cadmium causes a wide range of biological effects and may elevate the risk of genetic damage. Heavy metal toxicity is now becoming a significant public health problem. There are many discrepancies in the results of the studies on the genotoxicity of heavy metals. Therefore, the study aimed to estimate lead, cadmium, and 8-OHdG levels (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine) and expression of DNA repair gene OGG1 (8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1) in occupationally heavy metal exposed workers. The study comprised 100 workers, occupationally exposed to lead and cadmium from different factories and 100 controls without history of metal exposure. The lead and cadmium mean ± SD were 5.69 ± 12.07 µg/dL and 3.44 ± 1.33 µg/L in the cases and 1.27 ± 1.10 µg/dL and 1.07 ± 0.67 µg/L in the controls. The 8-OHdG concentration was significantly higher in the cases than the controls. Cadmium showed a significant positive correlation with 8-OHdG in the cases. The expression of OGG1 was significantly down-regulated in the cases compared to the controls. Lead levels did not show any significant correlation with OGG1, whereas cadmium level had a significant positive correlation with OGG1 in the cases. To conclude, the exposure to heavy metals is associated with increased oxidative DNA damage and impaired expression of the DNA repair gene, OGG1.
    MeSH term(s) 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine/blood ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cadmium/blood ; DNA Damage ; DNA Glycosylases/genetics ; DNA Glycosylases/metabolism ; Environmental Pollutants/blood ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; India ; Lead/blood ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Environmental Pollutants ; Cadmium (00BH33GNGH) ; Lead (2P299V784P) ; 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine (88847-89-6) ; DNA Glycosylases (EC 3.2.2.-) ; oxoguanine glycosylase 1, human (EC 3.2.2.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 52039-1
    ISSN 1573-2983 ; 0142-7245 ; 0269-4042
    ISSN (online) 1573-2983
    ISSN 0142-7245 ; 0269-4042
    DOI 10.1007/s10653-020-00696-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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