Artikel ; Online: Impact of Previous Common Human Coronavirus Exposure on SARS-CoV-2-Specific T-Cell and Memory B-Cell Response after mRNA-Based Vaccination.
2023 Band 15, Heft 3
Abstract: Objective: T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 are observed in unexposed individuals, attributed to previous common human coronavirus (HCoV) infections. We evaluated the evolution of this T-cell cross-reactive response and the specific memory B-cells ( ... ...
| Abstract | Objective: T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 are observed in unexposed individuals, attributed to previous common human coronavirus (HCoV) infections. We evaluated the evolution of this T-cell cross-reactive response and the specific memory B-cells (MBCs) after the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccination and its impact on incident SARS-CoV-2 infections. Methods: This was a longitudinal study of 149 healthcare workers (HCWs) that included 85 unexposed individuals that were subdivided according to previous T-cell cross-reactivity, who were compared to 64 convalescent HCWs. Changes in specific T-cell response and memory B-cell (MBC) levels were compared at baseline and after two doses of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccine. Results: A cross-reactive T-cell response was found in 59% of unexposed individuals before vaccination. Antibodies against HKU1 positively correlated with OC43 and 229E antibodies. Spike-specific MBCs was scarce in unexposed HCWs regardless of the presence of baseline T-cell cross-reactivity. After vaccination, 92% and 96% of unexposed HCWs with cross-reactive T-cells had CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses to the spike protein, respectively. Similar results to that were found in convalescents (83% and 92%, respectively). Contrarily, higher than that which was observed in unexposed individuals without T-cell cross-reactivity showed lower CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses (73% in both cases, Conclusion: While pre-existing T-cell cross-reactivity enhances the T-cell response after vaccination, it does not increase SARS-CoV-2-specific MBC levels in the absence of previous infection. Overall, the level of specific MBCs determines the time to breakthrough infections, regardless of the presence of T-cell cross-reactivity. |
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| Mesh-Begriff(e) | Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Longitudinal Studies ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Antibodies ; Breakthrough Infections ; RNA, Messenger ; Vaccination ; Antibodies, Viral ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics |
| Chemische Substanzen | Antibodies ; RNA, Messenger ; Antibodies, Viral ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 |
| Sprache | Englisch |
| Erscheinungsdatum | 2023-02-24 |
| Erscheinungsland | Switzerland |
| Dokumenttyp | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 2516098-9 |
| ISSN | 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915 |
| ISSN (online) | 1999-4915 |
| ISSN | 1999-4915 |
| DOI | 10.3390/v15030627 |
| Datenquelle | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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