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  1. Article ; Online: CDK2 regulates collapsed replication fork repair in CCNE1-amplified ovarian cancer cells via homologous recombination.

    Brown, Victoria E / Moore, Sydney L / Chen, Maxine / House, Nealia / Ramsden, Philip / Wu, Hsin-Jung / Ribich, Scott / Grassian, Alexandra R / Choi, Yoon Jong

    NAR cancer

    2023  Volume 5, Issue 3, Page(s) zcad039

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract CCNE1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2632-8674
    ISSN (online) 2632-8674
    DOI 10.1093/narcan/zcad039
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

    Grassian, Alexandra R / Pagliarini, Raymond / Chiang, Derek Y

    Current opinion in gastroenterology

    2014  Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 295–302

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Exome sequencing studies have recently expanded the genetic characterization of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Among a number of novel genes, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is recurrently mutated in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Exome sequencing studies have recently expanded the genetic characterization of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Among a number of novel genes, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is recurrently mutated in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. We review the effects of these mutations on several biochemical pathways, as well as potential changes to downstream signaling pathways.
    Recent findings: Hotspot mutations in IDH isoforms 1 or 2 occur in approximately 15% of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. These mutations result in elevated levels of an oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate, which is associated with higher DNA CpG methylation and altered histone methylation that accompany a block in cellular differentiation. Exploratory studies have suggested additional phenotypes associated with IDH1/2 mutations.
    Summary: Tumors with IDH1 or IDH2 mutations may represent a distinct subtype of cholangiocarcinomas. Further studies are required to elucidate the exact role that mutant IDH1/2 and 2-hydroxyglutarate play in tumorigenesis, and what are the best strategies to target these tumor types.
    MeSH term(s) Bile Duct Neoplasms/genetics ; Bile Duct Neoplasms/pathology ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Cell Differentiation/genetics ; Cholangiocarcinoma/genetics ; Cholangiocarcinoma/pathology ; DNA Methylation ; Glutarates/metabolism ; Humans ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/genetics ; Mutation ; Prolyl Hydroxylases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/genetics
    Chemical Substances Glutarates ; alpha-hydroxyglutarate (2889-31-8) ; IDH2 protein, human (EC 1.1.1.41) ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41) ; IDH1 protein, human (EC 1.1.1.42.) ; Prolyl Hydroxylases (EC 1.14.11.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 632571-3
    ISSN 1531-7056 ; 0267-1379
    ISSN (online) 1531-7056
    ISSN 0267-1379
    DOI 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000050
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: ErbB2 stabilizes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression via Erk and Sprouty2 in extracellular matrix-detached cells.

    Grassian, Alexandra R / Schafer, Zachary T / Brugge, Joan S

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2010  Volume 286, Issue 1, Page(s) 79–90

    Abstract: Epithelial cells are dependent on extracellular matrix (ECM) attachment for maintenance of metabolic activity and suppression of apoptosis. Here we show that loss of ECM attachment causes down-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and β1 ... ...

    Abstract Epithelial cells are dependent on extracellular matrix (ECM) attachment for maintenance of metabolic activity and suppression of apoptosis. Here we show that loss of ECM attachment causes down-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and β1 integrin protein and mRNA expression and that ErbB2, which is amplified in 25% of breast tumors, reverses these effects of ECM deprivation. ErbB2 rescue of β1 integrin mRNA and protein in suspended cells is dependent on EGFR, however, the rescue of EGFR expression does not require β1 integrin. We show that there is a significant decrease in the stability of EGFR in ECM-detached cells that is reversed by ErbB2 overexpression. Rescue of both EGFR and β1 integrin protein by ErbB2 is dependent on Erk activity and induction of its downstream target Sprouty2, a protein known to regulate EGFR protein stability. Interestingly, expression of EGFR and β1 integrin protein is more dependent on Erk/Sprouty2 in ECM-detached ErbB2-overexpressing cells when compared with ECM-attached cells. These results provide further insight into the ErbB2-driven anchorage independence of tumor cells and provide a new mechanism for regulation of EGFR and β1 integrin expression in ECM-detached cells.
    MeSH term(s) Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Down-Regulation ; ErbB Receptors/chemistry ; ErbB Receptors/genetics ; ErbB Receptors/metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/genetics ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Integrin beta Chains/metabolism ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins ; Protein Stability ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Integrin beta Chains ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Membrane Proteins ; RNA, Messenger ; SPRY2 protein, human ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE) ; ErbB Receptors (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Receptor, ErbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-10-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.M110.169821
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: ErbB2 Stabilizes Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Expression via Erk and Sprouty2 in Extracellular Matrix-detached Cells

    Grassian, Alexandra R / Schafer, Zachary T / Brugge, Joan S

    Journal of biological chemistry. 2011 Jan. 7, v. 286, no. 1

    2011  

    Abstract: Epithelial cells are dependent on extracellular matrix (ECM) attachment for maintenance of metabolic activity and suppression of apoptosis. Here we show that loss of ECM attachment causes down-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and β1 ... ...

    Abstract Epithelial cells are dependent on extracellular matrix (ECM) attachment for maintenance of metabolic activity and suppression of apoptosis. Here we show that loss of ECM attachment causes down-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and β1 integrin protein and mRNA expression and that ErbB2, which is amplified in 25% of breast tumors, reverses these effects of ECM deprivation. ErbB2 rescue of β1 integrin mRNA and protein in suspended cells is dependent on EGFR, however, the rescue of EGFR expression does not require β1 integrin. We show that there is a significant decrease in the stability of EGFR in ECM-detached cells that is reversed by ErbB2 overexpression. Rescue of both EGFR and β1 integrin protein by ErbB2 is dependent on Erk activity and induction of its downstream target Sprouty2, a protein known to regulate EGFR protein stability. Interestingly, expression of EGFR and β1 integrin protein is more dependent on Erk/Sprouty2 in ECM-detached ErbB2-overexpressing cells when compared with ECM-attached cells. These results provide further insight into the ErbB2-driven anchorage independence of tumor cells and provide a new mechanism for regulation of EGFR and β1 integrin expression in ECM-detached cells.
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-0107
    Size p. 79-90.
    Publishing place American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Erk regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase flux through PDK4 modulates cell proliferation.

    Grassian, Alexandra R / Metallo, Christian M / Coloff, Jonathan L / Stephanopoulos, Gregory / Brugge, Joan S

    Genes & development

    2011  Volume 25, Issue 16, Page(s) 1716–1733

    Abstract: Loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) attachment leads to metabolic impairments that limit cellular energy production. Characterization of the metabolic alterations induced by ECM detachment revealed a dramatic decrease in uptake of glucose, glutamine, and ... ...

    Abstract Loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) attachment leads to metabolic impairments that limit cellular energy production. Characterization of the metabolic alterations induced by ECM detachment revealed a dramatic decrease in uptake of glucose, glutamine, and pyruvate, and a consequent decrease in flux through glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. However, flux through pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is disproportionally decreased, concomitant with increased expression of the PDH inhibitory kinase, PDH kinase 4 (PDK4), and increased carbon secretion. Overexpression of ErbB2 maintains PDH flux by suppressing PDK4 expression in an Erk-dependent manner, and Erk signaling also regulates PDH flux in ECM-attached cells. Additionally, epidermal growth factor (EGF), a potent inducer of Erk, positively regulates PDH flux through decreased PDK4 expression. Furthermore, overexpression of PDK4 in ECM-detached cells suppresses the ErbB2-mediated rescue of ATP levels, and in attached cells, PDK4 overexpression decreases PDH flux, de novo lipogenesis, and cell proliferation. Mining of microarray data from human tumor data sets revealed that PDK4 mRNA is commonly down-regulated in tumors compared with their tissues of origin. These results identify a novel mechanism by which ECM attachment, growth factors, and oncogenes modulate the metabolic fate of glucose by controlling PDK4 expression and PDH flux to influence proliferation.
    MeSH term(s) Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Citric Acid Cycle ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Insulin/pharmacology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; Protein Kinases/genetics ; Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex/metabolism ; Pyruvic Acid/metabolism ; Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Signal Transduction/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Insulin ; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex ; Epidermal Growth Factor (62229-50-9) ; Pyruvic Acid (8558G7RUTR) ; Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE) ; Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.-) ; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (EC 2.7.1.-) ; Receptor, ErbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1) ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases (EC 2.7.11.24) ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 (EC 2.7.11.24) ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 (EC 2.7.11.24) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-08-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 806684-x
    ISSN 1549-5477 ; 0890-9369
    ISSN (online) 1549-5477
    ISSN 0890-9369
    DOI 10.1101/gad.16771811
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Correction: Preclinical Evidence of Anti-Tumor Activity Induced by EZH2 Inhibition in Human Models of Synovial Sarcoma.

    Kawano, Satoshi / Grassian, Alexandra R / Tsuda, Masumi / Knutson, Sarah K / Warholic, Natalie M / Kuznetsov, Galina / Xu, Shanqin / Xiao, Yonghong / Pollock, Roy M / Smith, Jesse J / Kuntz, Kevin W / Ribich, Scott / Minoshima, Yukinori / Matsui, Junji / Copeland, Robert A / Tanaka, Shinya / Keilhack, Heike

    PloS one

    2017  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) e0170539

    Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158888.]. ...

    Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158888.].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0170539
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Selective Killing of SMARCA2- and SMARCA4-deficient Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary, Hypercalcemic Type Cells by Inhibition of EZH2:

    Chan-Penebre, Elayne / Armstrong, Kelli / Drew, Allison / Grassian, Alexandra R / Feldman, Igor / Knutson, Sarah K / Kuplast-Barr, Kristy / Roche, Maria / Campbell, John / Ho, Peter / Copeland, Robert A / Chesworth, Richard / Smith, Jesse J / Keilhack, Heike / Ribich, Scott A

    Molecular cancer therapeutics

    2017  Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) 850–860

    Abstract: The SWI/SNF complex is a major regulator of gene expression and is increasingly thought to play an important role in human cancer, as evidenced by the high frequency of subunit mutations across virtually all cancer types. We previously reported that in ... ...

    Abstract The SWI/SNF complex is a major regulator of gene expression and is increasingly thought to play an important role in human cancer, as evidenced by the high frequency of subunit mutations across virtually all cancer types. We previously reported that in preclinical models, malignant rhabdoid tumors, which are deficient in the SWI/SNF core component INI1 (SMARCB1), are selectively killed by inhibitors of the H3K27 histone methyltransferase EZH2. Given the demonstrated antagonistic activities of the SWI/SNF complex and the EZH2-containing PRC2 complex, we investigated whether additional cancers with SWI/SNF mutations are sensitive to selective EZH2 inhibition. It has been recently reported that ovarian cancers with dual loss of the redundant SWI/SNF components SMARCA4 and SMARCA2 are characteristic of a rare rhabdoid-like subtype known as small-cell carcinoma of the ovary hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT). Here, we provide evidence that a subset of commonly used ovarian carcinoma cell lines were misdiagnosed and instead were derived from a SCCOHT tumor. We also demonstrate that tazemetostat, a potent and selective EZH2 inhibitor currently in phase II clinical trials, induces potent antiproliferative and antitumor effects in SCCOHT cell lines and xenografts deficient in both SMARCA2 and SMARCA4. These results exemplify an additional class of rhabdoid-like tumors that are dependent on EZH2 activity for survival.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Carcinoma, Small Cell/diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Small Cell/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Small Cell/genetics ; Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/genetics ; DNA Helicases/genetics ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia/diagnosis ; Hypercalcemia/drug therapy ; Hypercalcemia/genetics ; Hypercalcemia/pathology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/genetics ; Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology ; Rhabdoid Tumor/diagnosis ; Rhabdoid Tumor/drug therapy ; Rhabdoid Tumor/genetics ; Rhabdoid Tumor/pathology ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
    Chemical Substances Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; Nuclear Proteins ; SMARCA2 protein, human ; SWI-SNF-B chromatin-remodeling complex ; Transcription Factors ; EZH2 protein, human (EC 2.1.1.43) ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein (EC 2.1.1.43) ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.43) ; SMARCA4 protein, human (EC 3.6.1.-) ; DNA Helicases (EC 3.6.4.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2063563-1
    ISSN 1538-8514 ; 1535-7163
    ISSN (online) 1538-8514
    ISSN 1535-7163
    DOI 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0678
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Apoptotic pathways in tumor progression and therapy.

    Melet, Armelle / Song, Keli / Bucur, Octavian / Jagani, Zainab / Grassian, Alexandra R / Khosravi-Far, Roya

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2008  Volume 615, Page(s) 47–79

    Abstract: Apoptosis is a cell suicide program that plays a critical role in development and tissue homeostasis. The ability of cancer cells to evade this programmed cell death (PCD) is a major characteristic that enables their uncontrolled growth. The efficiency ... ...

    Abstract Apoptosis is a cell suicide program that plays a critical role in development and tissue homeostasis. The ability of cancer cells to evade this programmed cell death (PCD) is a major characteristic that enables their uncontrolled growth. The efficiency of chemotherapy in killing such cells depends on the successful induction of apoptosis, since defects in apoptosis signaling are a major cause of drug resistance. Over the past decades, much progress has been made in our understanding of apoptotic signaling pathways and their dysregulation in cancer progression and therapy. These advances have provided new molecular targets for proapoptotic cancer therapies that have recently been used in drug development. While most of those therapies are still at the preclinical stage, some of them have shown much promise in the clinic. Here, we review our current knowledge of apoptosis regulation in cancer progression and therapy, as well as the new molecular targeted molecules that are being developed to reinstate cancer cell death.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Apoptosis/physiology ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neoplasms/pathology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2214-8019 ; 0065-2598
    ISSN (online) 2214-8019
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-6554-5_4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Preclinical Evidence of Anti-Tumor Activity Induced by EZH2 Inhibition in Human Models of Synovial Sarcoma.

    Kawano, Satoshi / Grassian, Alexandra R / Tsuda, Masumi / Knutson, Sarah K / Warholic, Natalie M / Kuznetsov, Galina / Xu, Shanqin / Xiao, Yonghong / Pollock, Roy M / Smith, Jesse S / Kuntz, Kevin K / Ribich, Scott / Minoshima, Yukinori / Matsui, Junji / Copeland, Robert A / Tanaka, Shinya / Keilhack, Heike

    PloS one

    2016  Volume 11, Issue 7, Page(s) e0158888

    Abstract: The catalytic activities of covalent and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling are central to regulating the conformational state of chromatin and the resultant transcriptional output. The enzymes that catalyze these activities are often contained within ... ...

    Abstract The catalytic activities of covalent and ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling are central to regulating the conformational state of chromatin and the resultant transcriptional output. The enzymes that catalyze these activities are often contained within multiprotein complexes in nature. Two such multiprotein complexes, the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) methyltransferase and the SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeler have been reported to act in opposition to each other during development and homeostasis. An imbalance in their activities induced by mutations/deletions in complex members (e.g. SMARCB1) has been suggested to be a pathogenic mechanism in certain human cancers. Here we show that preclinical models of synovial sarcoma-a cancer characterized by functional SMARCB1 loss via its displacement from the SWI/SNF complex through the pathognomonic SS18-SSX fusion protein-display sensitivity to pharmacologic inhibition of EZH2, the catalytic subunit of PRC2. Treatment with tazemetostat, a clinical-stage, selective and orally bioavailable small-molecule inhibitor of EZH2 enzymatic activity reverses a subset of synovial sarcoma gene expression and results in concentration-dependent cell growth inhibition and cell death specifically in SS18-SSX fusion-positive cells in vitro. Treatment of mice bearing either a cell line or two patient-derived xenograft models of synovial sarcoma leads to dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition with correlative inhibition of trimethylation levels of the EZH2-specific substrate, lysine 27 on histone H3. These data demonstrate a dependency of SS18-SSX-positive, SMARCB1-deficient synovial sarcomas on EZH2 enzymatic activity and suggests the potential utility of EZH2-targeted drugs in these genetically defined cancers.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/genetics ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/genetics ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2/metabolism ; SMARCB1 Protein/genetics ; SMARCB1 Protein/metabolism ; Sarcoma, Synovial/drug therapy ; Sarcoma, Synovial/genetics ; Sarcoma, Synovial/metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; SMARCB1 Protein ; SMARCB1 protein, human ; SS18-SSX1 fusion protein ; EZH2 protein, human (EC 2.1.1.43) ; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein (EC 2.1.1.43) ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (EC 2.1.1.43)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0158888
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  10. Article ; Online: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations promote a reversible ZEB1/microRNA (miR)-200-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

    Grassian, Alexandra R / Lin, Fallon / Barrett, Rosemary / Liu, Yue / Jiang, Wei / Korpal, Manav / Astley, Holly / Gitterman, Daniel / Henley, Thomas / Howes, Rob / Levell, Julian / Korn, Joshua M / Pagliarini, Raymond

    The Journal of biological chemistry

    2012  Volume 287, Issue 50, Page(s) 42180–42194

    Abstract: Mutations in the genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) occur in a variety of tumor types, resulting in production of the proposed oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). How mutant IDH and 2-HG alter signaling pathways to promote ... ...

    Abstract Mutations in the genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2) occur in a variety of tumor types, resulting in production of the proposed oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG). How mutant IDH and 2-HG alter signaling pathways to promote cancer, however, remains unclear. Additionally, there exist relatively few cell lines with IDH mutations. To examine the effect of endogenous IDH mutations and 2-HG, we created a panel of isogenic epithelial cell lines with either wild-type IDH1/2 or clinically relevant IDH1/2 mutations. Differences were noted in the ability of IDH mutations to cause robust 2-HG accumulation. IDH1/2 mutants that produce high levels of 2-HG cause an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenotype, characterized by changes in EMT-related gene expression and cellular morphology. 2-HG is sufficient to recapitulate aspects of this phenotype in the absence of an IDH mutation. In the cells types examined, mutant IDH-induced EMT is dependent on up-regulation of the transcription factor ZEB1 and down-regulation of the miR-200 family of microRNAs. Furthermore, sustained knockdown of IDH1 in IDH1 R132H mutant cells is sufficient to reverse many characteristics of EMT, demonstrating that continued expression of mutant IDH is required to maintain this phenotype. These results suggest mutant IDH proteins can reversibly deregulate discrete signaling pathways that contribute to tumorigenesis.
    MeSH term(s) Amino Acid Substitution ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glutarates/metabolism ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/biosynthesis ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase/genetics ; MicroRNAs/biosynthesis ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Mutation, Missense ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism ; Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neoplasms/pathology ; RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis ; RNA, Neoplasm/genetics ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Up-Regulation/genetics ; Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1
    Chemical Substances Glutarates ; Homeodomain Proteins ; MIRN200 microRNA, human ; MicroRNAs ; Neoplasm Proteins ; RNA, Neoplasm ; Transcription Factors ; ZEB1 protein, human ; Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1 ; alpha-hydroxyglutarate (2889-31-8) ; IDH2 protein, human (EC 1.1.1.41) ; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.41) ; IDH1 protein, human (EC 1.1.1.42.)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-10-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2997-x
    ISSN 1083-351X ; 0021-9258
    ISSN (online) 1083-351X
    ISSN 0021-9258
    DOI 10.1074/jbc.M112.417832
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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