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  1. Article ; Online: Stopping-power enhancement from discrete particle-wake correlations in high-energy-density plasmas.

    Ellis, I N / Strozzi, D J / Mori, W B / Li, F / Graziani, F R

    Physical review. E

    2021  Volume 104, Issue 3-2, Page(s) 35203

    Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) simulations of electron beams propagating in high-energy-density plasmas using the quasistatic Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code QuickPIC demonstrate a significant increase in stopping power when beam electrons mutually interact via ... ...

    Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) simulations of electron beams propagating in high-energy-density plasmas using the quasistatic Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code QuickPIC demonstrate a significant increase in stopping power when beam electrons mutually interact via their wakes. Each beam electron excites a plasma wave wake of wavelength ∼2πc/ω_{pe}, where c is the speed of light and ω_{pe} is the background plasma frequency. We show that a discrete collection of electrons undergoes a beam-plasma-like instability caused by mutual particle-wake interactions that causes electrons to bunch in the beam, even for beam densities n_{b} for which fluid theory breaks down. This bunching enhances the beam's stopping power, which we call "correlated stopping," and the effect increases with the "correlation number" N_{b}≡n_{b}(c/ω_{pe})^{3}. For example, a beam of monoenergetic 9.7 MeV electrons with N_{b}=1/8, in a cold background plasma with n_{e}=10^{26}cm^{-3} (450 g cm^{-3} DT), has a stopping power of 2.28±0.04 times the single-electron value, which increases to 1220±5 for N_{b}=64. The beam also experiences transverse filamentation, which eventually limits the stopping enhancement.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2844562-4
    ISSN 2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
    ISSN (online) 2470-0053
    ISSN 2470-0045
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.104.035203
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Kinetic theory molecular dynamics and hot dense matter: theoretical foundations.

    Graziani, F R / Bauer, J D / Murillo, M S

    Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics

    2014  Volume 90, Issue 3, Page(s) 33104

    Abstract: Electrons are weakly coupled in hot, dense matter that is created in high-energy-density experiments. They are also mildly quantum mechanical and the ions associated with them are classical and may be strongly coupled. In addition, the dynamical ... ...

    Abstract Electrons are weakly coupled in hot, dense matter that is created in high-energy-density experiments. They are also mildly quantum mechanical and the ions associated with them are classical and may be strongly coupled. In addition, the dynamical evolution of plasmas under these hot, dense matter conditions involve a variety of transport and energy exchange processes. Quantum kinetic theory is an ideal tool for treating the electrons but it is not adequate for treating the ions. Molecular dynamics is perfectly suited to describe the classical, strongly coupled ions but not the electrons. We develop a method that combines a Wigner kinetic treatment of the electrons with classical molecular dynamics for the ions. We refer to this hybrid method as "kinetic theory molecular dynamics," or KTMD. The purpose of this paper is to derive KTMD from first principles and place it on a firm theoretical foundation. The framework that KTMD provides for simulating plasmas in the hot, dense regime is particularly useful since current computational methods are generally limited by their inability to treat the dynamical quantum evolution of the electronic component. Using the N-body von Neumann equation for the electron-proton plasma, three variations of KTMD are obtained. Each variant is determined by the physical state of the plasma (e.g., collisional versus collisionless). The first variant of KTMD yields a closed set of equations consisting of a mean-field quantum kinetic equation for the electron one-particle distribution function coupled to a classical Liouville equation for the protons. The latter equation includes both proton-proton Coulombic interactions and an effective electron-proton interaction that involves the convolution of the electron density with the electron-proton Coulomb potential. The mean-field approach is then extended to incorporate equilibrium electron-proton correlations through the Singwi-Tosi-Land-Sjolander (STLS) ansatz. This is the second variant of KTMD. The STLS contribution produces an effective electron-proton interaction that involves the electron-proton structure factor, thereby extending the usual mean-field theory to correlated but near equilibrium systems. Finally, a third variant of KTMD is derived. It includes dynamical electrons and their correlations coupled to a MD description for the ions. A set of coupled equations for the one-particle electron Wigner function and the electron-electron and electron-proton correlation functions are coupled to a classical Liouville equation for the protons. This latter variation has both time and momentum dependent correlations.
    MeSH term(s) Electrons ; Hot Temperature ; Kinetics ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; Plasma Gases/chemistry ; Protons ; Quantum Theory
    Chemical Substances Plasma Gases ; Protons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ISSN 1550-2376
    ISSN (online) 1550-2376
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.90.033104
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Neutron Time-of-Flight Measurements of Charged-Particle Energy Loss in Inertial Confinement Fusion Plasmas.

    Sayre, D B / Cerjan, C J / Sepke, S M / Gericke, D O / Caggiano, J A / Divol, L / Eckart, M J / Graziani, F R / Grim, G P / Hansen, S B / Hartouni, E P / Hatarik, R / Hatchett, S P / Hayes, A K / Hopkins, L F Berzak / Johnson, M Gatu / Khan, S F / Knauer, J P / Le Pape, S /
    MacKinnon, A J / McNaney, J M / Meezan, N B / Rinderknecht, H G / Shaughnessy, D A / Stoeffl, W / Yeamans, C B / Zylstra, A B / Schneider, D H

    Physical review letters

    2019  Volume 123, Issue 16, Page(s) 165001

    Abstract: Neutron spectra from secondary ^{3}H(d,n)α reactions produced by an implosion of a deuterium-gas capsule at the National Ignition Facility have been measured with order-of-magnitude improvements in statistics and resolution over past experiments. These ... ...

    Abstract Neutron spectra from secondary ^{3}H(d,n)α reactions produced by an implosion of a deuterium-gas capsule at the National Ignition Facility have been measured with order-of-magnitude improvements in statistics and resolution over past experiments. These new data and their sensitivity to the energy loss of fast tritons emitted from thermal ^{2}H(d,p)^{3}H reactions enable the first statistically significant investigation of charged-particle stopping via the emitted neutron spectrum. Radiation-hydrodynamic simulations, constrained to match a number of observables from the implosion, were used to predict the neutron spectra while employing two different energy loss models. This analysis represents the first test of stopping models under inertial confinement fusion conditions, covering plasma temperatures of k_{B}T≈1-4  keV and particle densities of n≈(12-2)×10^{24}  cm^{-3}. Under these conditions, we find significant deviations of our data from a theory employing classical collisions whereas the theory including quantum diffraction agrees with our data.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.165001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Molecular dynamics simulations of temperature equilibration in dense hydrogen.

    Glosli, J N / Graziani, F R / More, R M / Murillo, M S / Streitz, F H / Surh, M P / Benedict, L X / Hau-Riege, S / Langdon, A B / London, R A

    Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics

    2008  Volume 78, Issue 2 Pt 2, Page(s) 25401

    Abstract: The temperature equilibration rate between electrons and protons in dense hydrogen has been calculated with molecular dynamics simulations for temperatures between 10 and 600eV and densities between 10;{20}cm;{-3}to10;{24}cm;{-3} . Careful attention has ... ...

    Abstract The temperature equilibration rate between electrons and protons in dense hydrogen has been calculated with molecular dynamics simulations for temperatures between 10 and 600eV and densities between 10;{20}cm;{-3}to10;{24}cm;{-3} . Careful attention has been devoted to convergence of the simulations, including the role of semiclassical potentials. We find that for Coulomb logarithms L greater, similar1 , a model by Gericke-Murillo-Schlanges (GMS) [D. O. Gericke, Phys. Rev. E 65, 036418 (2002)] based on a T -matrix method and the approach by Brown-Preston-Singleton [L. S. Brown, Phys. Rep. 410, 237 (2005)] agrees with the simulation data to within the error bars of the simulation. For smaller Coulomb logarithms, the GMS model is consistent with the simulation results. Landau-Spitzer models are consistent with the simulation data for L>4 .
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1539-3755
    ISSN 1539-3755
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.78.025401
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Achievement of Target Gain Larger than Unity in an Inertial Fusion Experiment.

    Abu-Shawareb, H / Acree, R / Adams, P / Adams, J / Addis, B / Aden, R / Adrian, P / Afeyan, B B / Aggleton, M / Aghaian, L / Aguirre, A / Aikens, D / Akre, J / Albert, F / Albrecht, M / Albright, B J / Albritton, J / Alcala, J / Alday, C /
    Alessi, D A / Alexander, N / Alfonso, J / Alfonso, N / Alger, E / Ali, S J / Ali, Z A / Allen, A / Alley, W E / Amala, P / Amendt, P A / Amick, P / Ammula, S / Amorin, C / Ampleford, D J / Anderson, R W / Anklam, T / Antipa, N / Appelbe, B / Aracne-Ruddle, C / Araya, E / Archuleta, T N / Arend, M / Arnold, P / Arnold, T / Arsenlis, A / Asay, J / Atherton, L J / Atkinson, D / Atkinson, R / Auerbach, J M / Austin, B / Auyang, L / Awwal, A A S / Aybar, N / Ayers, J / Ayers, S / Ayers, T / Azevedo, S / Bachmann, B / Back, C A / Bae, J / Bailey, D S / Bailey, J / Baisden, T / Baker, K L / Baldis, H / Barber, D / Barberis, M / Barker, D / Barnes, A / Barnes, C W / Barrios, M A / Barty, C / Bass, I / Batha, S H / Baxamusa, S H / Bazan, G / Beagle, J K / Beale, R / Beck, B R / Beck, J B / Bedzyk, M / Beeler, R G / Behrendt, W / Belk, L / Bell, P / Belyaev, M / Benage, J F / Bennett, G / Benedetti, L R / Benedict, L X / Berger, R L / Bernat, T / Bernstein, L A / Berry, B / Bertolini, L / Besenbruch, G / Betcher, J / Bettenhausen, R / Betti, R / Bezzerides, B / Bhandarkar, S D / Bickel, R / Biener, J / Biesiada, T / Bigelow, K / Bigelow-Granillo, J / Bigman, V / Bionta, R M / Birge, N W / Bitter, M / Black, A C / Bleile, R / Bleuel, D L / Bliss, E / Blue, B / Boehly, T / Boehm, K / Boley, C D / Bonanno, R / Bond, E J / Bond, T / Bonino, M J / Borden, M / Bourgade, J-L / Bousquet, J / Bowers, J / Bowers, M / Boyd, R / Boyle, D / Bozek, A / Bradley, D K / Bradley, K S / Bradley, P A / Bradley, L / Brannon, L / Brantley, P S / Braun, D / Braun, T / Brienza-Larsen, K / Briggs, R / Briggs, T M / Britten, J / Brooks, E D / Browning, D / Bruhn, M W / Brunner, T A / Bruns, H / Brunton, G / Bryant, B / Buczek, T / Bude, J / Buitano, L / Burkhart, S / Burmark, J / Burnham, A / Burr, R / Busby, L E / Butlin, B / Cabeltis, R / Cable, M / Cabot, W H / Cagadas, B / Caggiano, J / Cahayag, R / Caldwell, S E / Calkins, S / Callahan, D A / Calleja-Aguirre, J / Camara, L / Camp, D / Campbell, E M / Campbell, J H / Carey, B / Carey, R / Carlisle, K / Carlson, L / Carman, L / Carmichael, J / Carpenter, A / Carr, C / Carrera, J A / Casavant, D / Casey, A / Casey, D T / Castillo, A / Castillo, E / Castor, J I / Castro, C / Caughey, W / Cavitt, R / Celeste, J / Celliers, P M / Cerjan, C / Chandler, G / Chang, B / Chang, C / Chang, J / Chang, L / Chapman, R / Chapman, T D / Chase, L / Chen, H / Chen, K / Chen, L-Y / Cheng, B / Chittenden, J / Choate, C / Chou, J / Chrien, R E / Chrisp, M / Christensen, K / Christensen, M / Christiansen, N S / Christopherson, A R / Chung, M / Church, J A / Clark, A / Clark, D S / Clark, K / Clark, R / Claus, L / Cline, B / Cline, J A / Cobble, J A / Cochrane, K / Cohen, B / Cohen, S / Collette, M R / Collins, G W / Collins, L A / Collins, T J B / Conder, A / Conrad, B / Conyers, M / Cook, A W / Cook, D / Cook, R / Cooley, J C / Cooper, G / Cope, T / Copeland, S R / Coppari, F / Cortez, J / Cox, J / Crandall, D H / Crane, J / Craxton, R S / Cray, M / Crilly, A / Crippen, J W / Cross, D / Cuneo, M / Cuotts, G / Czajka, C E / Czechowicz, D / Daly, T / Danforth, P / Danly, C / Darbee, R / Darlington, B / Datte, P / Dauffy, L / Davalos, G / Davidovits, S / Davis, P / Davis, J / Dawson, S / Day, R D / Day, T H / Dayton, M / Deck, C / Decker, C / Deeney, C / DeFriend, K A / Deis, G / Delamater, N D / Delettrez, J A / Demaret, R / Demos, S / Dempsey, S M / Desjardin, R / Desjardins, T / Desjarlais, M P / Dewald, E L / DeYoreo, J / Diaz, S / Dimonte, G / Dittrich, T R / Divol, L / Dixit, S N / Dixon, J / Do, A / Dodd, E S / Dolan, D / Donovan, A / Donovan, M / Döppner, T / Dorrer, C / Dorsano, N / Douglas, M R / Dow, D / Downie, J / Downing, E / Dozieres, M / Draggoo, V / Drake, D / Drake, R P / Drake, T / Dreifuerst, G / Drury, O / DuBois, D F / DuBois, P F / Dunham, G / Durocher, M / Dylla-Spears, R / Dymoke-Bradshaw, A K L / Dzenitis, B / Ebbers, C / Eckart, M / Eddinger, S / Eder, D / Edgell, D / Edwards, M J / Efthimion, P / Eggert, J H / Ehrlich, B / Ehrmann, P / Elhadj, S / Ellerbee, C / Elliott, N S / Ellison, C L / Elsner, F / Emerich, M / Engelhorn, K / England, T / English, E / Epperson, P / Epstein, R / Erbert, G / Erickson, M A / Erskine, D J / Erlandson, A / Espinosa, R J / Estes, C / Estabrook, K G / Evans, S / Fabyan, A / Fair, J / Fallejo, R / Farmer, N / Farmer, W A / Farrell, M / Fatherley, V E / Fedorov, M / Feigenbaum, E / Fehrenbach, T / Feit, M / Felker, B / Ferguson, W / Fernandez, J C / Fernandez-Panella, A / Fess, S / Field, J E / Filip, C V / Fincke, J R / Finn, T / Finnegan, S M / Finucane, R G / Fischer, M / Fisher, A / Fisher, J / Fishler, B / Fittinghoff, D / Fitzsimmons, P / Flegel, M / Flippo, K A / Florio, J / Folta, J / Folta, P / Foreman, L R / Forrest, C / Forsman, A / Fooks, J / Foord, M / Fortner, R / Fournier, K / Fratanduono, D E / Frazier, N / Frazier, T / Frederick, C / Freeman, M S / Frenje, J / Frey, D / Frieders, G / Friedrich, S / Froula, D H / Fry, J / Fuller, T / Gaffney, J / Gales, S / Le Galloudec, B / Le Galloudec, K K / Gambhir, A / Gao, L / Garbett, W J / Garcia, A / Gates, C / Gaut, E / Gauthier, P / Gavin, Z / Gaylord, J / Geddes, C G R / Geissel, M / Génin, F / Georgeson, J / Geppert-Kleinrath, H / Geppert-Kleinrath, V / Gharibyan, N / Gibson, J / Gibson, C / Giraldez, E / Glebov, V / Glendinning, S G / Glenn, S / Glenzer, S H / Goade, S / Gobby, P L / Goldman, S R / Golick, B / Gomez, M / Goncharov, V / Goodin, D / Grabowski, P / Grafil, E / Graham, P / Grandy, J / Grasz, E / Graziani, F R / Greenman, G / Greenough, J A / Greenwood, A / Gregori, G / Green, T / Griego, J R / Grim, G P / Grondalski, J / Gross, S / Guckian, J / Guler, N / Gunney, B / Guss, G / Haan, S / Hackbarth, J / Hackel, L / Hackel, R / Haefner, C / Hagmann, C / Hahn, K D / Hahn, S / Haid, B J / Haines, B M / Hall, B M / Hall, C / Hall, G N / Hamamoto, M / Hamel, S / Hamilton, C E / Hammel, B A / Hammer, J H / Hampton, G / Hamza, A / Handler, A / Hansen, S / Hanson, D / Haque, R / Harding, D / Harding, E / Hares, J D / Harris, D B / Harte, J A / Hartouni, E P / Hatarik, R / Hatchett, S / Hauer, A A / Havre, M / Hawley, R / Hayes, J / Hayes, S / Hayes-Sterbenz, A / Haynam, C A / Haynes, D A / Headley, D / Heal, A / Heebner, J E / Heerey, S / Heestand, G M / Heeter, R / Hein, N / Heinbockel, C / Hendricks, C / Henesian, M / Heninger, J / Henrikson, J / Henry, E A / Herbold, E B / Hermann, M R / Hermes, G / Hernandez, J E / Hernandez, V J / Herrmann, M C / Herrmann, H W / Herrera, O D / Hewett, D / Hibbard, R / Hicks, D G / Higginson, D P / Hill, D / Hill, K / Hilsabeck, T / Hinkel, D E / Ho, D D / Ho, V K / Hoffer, J K / Hoffman, N M / Hohenberger, M / Hohensee, M / Hoke, W / Holdener, D / Holdener, F / Holder, J P / Holko, B / Holunga, D / Holzrichter, J F / Honig, J / Hoover, D / Hopkins, D / Berzak Hopkins, L F / Hoppe, M / Hoppe, M L / Horner, J / Hornung, R / Horsfield, C J / Horvath, J / Hotaling, D / House, R / Howell, L / Hsing, W W / Hu, S X / Huang, H / Huckins, J / Hui, H / Humbird, K D / Hund, J / Hunt, J / Hurricane, O A / Hutton, M / Huynh, K H-K / Inandan, L / Iglesias, C / Igumenshchev, I V / Ivanovich, I / Izumi, N / Jackson, M / Jackson, J / Jacobs, S D / James, G / Jancaitis, K / Jarboe, J / Jarrott, L C / Jasion, D / Jaquez, J / Jeet, J / Jenei, A E / Jensen, J / Jimenez, J / Jimenez, R / Jobe, D / Johal, Z / Johns, H M / Johnson, D / Johnson, M A / Gatu Johnson, M / Johnson, R J / Johnson, S / Johnson, S A / Johnson, T / Jones, K / Jones, O / Jones, M / Jorge, R / Jorgenson, H J / Julian, M / Jun, B I / Jungquist, R / Kaae, J / Kabadi, N / Kaczala, D / Kalantar, D / Kangas, K / Karasiev, V V / Karasik, M / Karpenko, V / Kasarky, A / Kasper, K / Kauffman, R / Kaufman, M I / Keane, C / Keaty, L / Kegelmeyer, L / Keiter, P A / Kellett, P A / Kellogg, J / Kelly, J H / Kemic, S / Kemp, A J / Kemp, G E / Kerbel, G D / Kershaw, D / Kerr, S M / Kessler, T J / Key, M H / Khan, S F / Khater, H / Kiikka, C / 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/ Moreno, K / Morgan, B E / Morrow, T / Morton, J W / Moses, E / Moy, K / Muir, R / Murillo, M S / Murray, J E / Murray, J R / Munro, D H / Murphy, T J / Munteanu, F M / Nafziger, J / Nagayama, T / Nagel, S R / Nast, R / Negres, R A / Nelson, A / Nelson, D / Nelson, J / Nelson, S / Nemethy, S / Neumayer, P / Newman, K / Newton, M / Nguyen, H / Di Nicola, J-M G / Di Nicola, P / Niemann, C / Nikroo, A / Nilson, P M / Nobile, A / Noorai, V / Nora, R C / Norton, M / Nostrand, M / Note, V / Novell, S / Nowak, P F / Nunez, A / Nyholm, R A / O'Brien, M / Oceguera, A / Oertel, J A / Oesterle, A L / Okui, J / Olejniczak, B / Oliveira, J / Olsen, P / Olson, B / Olson, K / Olson, R E / Opachich, Y P / Orsi, N / Orth, C D / Owen, M / Padalino, S / Padilla, E / Paguio, R / Paguio, S / Paisner, J / Pajoom, S / Pak, A / Palaniyappan, S / Palma, K / Pannell, T / Papp, F / Paras, D / Parham, T / Park, H-S / Pasternak, A / Patankar, S / Patel, M V / Patel, P K / Patterson, R / Patterson, S / Paul, B / 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    Physical review letters

    2024  Volume 132, Issue 6, Page(s) 65102

    Abstract: On December 5, 2022, an indirect drive fusion implosion on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) achieved a target gain G_{target} of 1.5. This is the first laboratory demonstration of exceeding "scientific breakeven" (or G_{target}>1) where 2.05 MJ of ... ...

    Abstract On December 5, 2022, an indirect drive fusion implosion on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) achieved a target gain G_{target} of 1.5. This is the first laboratory demonstration of exceeding "scientific breakeven" (or G_{target}>1) where 2.05 MJ of 351 nm laser light produced 3.1 MJ of total fusion yield, a result which significantly exceeds the Lawson criterion for fusion ignition as reported in a previous NIF implosion [H. Abu-Shawareb et al. (Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This achievement is the culmination of more than five decades of research and gives proof that laboratory fusion, based on fundamental physics principles, is possible. This Letter reports on the target, laser, design, and experimental advancements that led to this result.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.065102
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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