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Article ; Online: Microbial Primer: Cooperation in bacteria.

West, Stuart A / Griffin, Ashleigh S

2024 Volume 170, Issue 4

Abstract: The growth and success of many bacteria appear to rely on a stunning range of cooperative behaviours. But what is cooperation and how is it studied? ...

Abstract	The growth and success of many bacteria appear to rely on a stunning range of cooperative behaviours. But what is cooperation and how is it studied?
MeSH term(s)	Cooperative Behavior ; Altruism ; Biological Evolution ; Bacteria/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1180712-x
ISSN	1465-2080 ; 1350-0872
ISSN (online)	1465-2080
ISSN	1350-0872
DOI	10.1099/mic.0.001440
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Article ; Online: Conflict-reducing innovations in development enable increased multicellular complexity.

Howe, Jack / Cornwallis, Charlie K / Griffin, Ashleigh S

Proceedings. Biological sciences

2024 Volume 291, Issue 2014, Page(s) 20232466

Abstract: Obligately multicellular organisms, where cells can only reproduce as part of the group, have evolved multiple times across the tree of life. Obligate multicellularity has only evolved when clonal groups form by cell division, rather than by cells ... ...

Abstract	Obligately multicellular organisms, where cells can only reproduce as part of the group, have evolved multiple times across the tree of life. Obligate multicellularity has only evolved when clonal groups form by cell division, rather than by cells aggregating, as clonality prevents internal conflict. Yet obligately multicellular organisms still vary greatly in 'multicellular complexity' (the number of cells and cell types): some comprise a few cells and cell types, while others have billions of cells and thousands of types. Here, we test whether variation in multicellular complexity is explained by two conflict-suppressing mechanisms, namely a single-cell bottleneck at the start of development, and a strict separation of germline and somatic cells. Examining the life cycles of 129 lineages of plants, animals, fungi and algae, we show using phylogenetic comparative analyses that an early segregation of the germline stem-cell lineage is key to the evolution of more cell types, driven by a strong correlation in the Metazoa. By contrast, the presence of a strict single-cell bottleneck was not related to either the number of cells or the number of cell types, but was associated with early germline segregation. Our results suggest that segregating the germline earlier in development enabled greater evolutionary innovation, although whether this is a consequence of conflict reduction or other non-conflict effects, such as developmental flexibility, is unclear.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Phylogeny ; Cognition ; Cell Division ; Stem Cells
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	209242-6
ISSN	1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
ISSN (online)	1471-2954
ISSN	0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
DOI	10.1098/rspb.2023.2466
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Article ; Online: Exploiting cooperative pathogen behaviour for enhanced antibiotic potency: A Trojan horse approach.

Mutlu, Alper / Vanderpool, Emily J / Rumbaugh, Kendra P / Diggle, Stephen P / Griffin, Ashleigh S

Microbiology (Reading, England)

2024 Volume 170, Issue 4

Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance poses an escalating global threat, rendering traditional drug development approaches increasingly ineffective. Thus, novel alternatives to antibiotic-based therapies are needed. Exploiting pathogen cooperation as a strategy for ... ...

Abstract	Antimicrobial resistance poses an escalating global threat, rendering traditional drug development approaches increasingly ineffective. Thus, novel alternatives to antibiotic-based therapies are needed. Exploiting pathogen cooperation as a strategy for combating resistant infections has been proposed but lacks experimental validation. Empirical findings demonstrate the successful invasion of cooperating populations by non-cooperating cheats, effectively reducing virulence
MeSH term(s)	Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/physiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/growth & development ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Quorum Sensing/drug effects ; Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology ; Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy ; Animals ; Virulence/drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Mice ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1180712-x
ISSN	1465-2080 ; 1350-0872
ISSN (online)	1465-2080
ISSN	1350-0872
DOI	10.1099/mic.0.001454
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Article ; Online: Within- and between-host dynamics of producer and non-producer pathogens.

Pike, Victoria L / Stevens, Emily J / Griffin, Ashleigh S / King, Kayla C

Parasitology

2023 Volume 150, Issue 9, Page(s) 805–812

Abstract: For infections to be maintained in a population, pathogens must compete to colonize hosts and transmit between them. We use an experimental approach to investigate within-and-between host dynamics using the ... ...

Abstract	For infections to be maintained in a population, pathogens must compete to colonize hosts and transmit between them. We use an experimental approach to investigate within-and-between host dynamics using the pathogen
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bacteria ; Quorum Sensing ; Caenorhabditis elegans/microbiology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genetics ; Coinfection/microbiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	207627-5
ISSN	1469-8161 ; 0031-1820
ISSN (online)	1469-8161
ISSN	0031-1820
DOI	10.1017/S0031182023000586
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Article ; Online: Why don't all animals avoid inbreeding?

Pike, Victoria L / Cornwallis, Charlie K / Griffin, Ashleigh S

Proceedings. Biological sciences

2021 Volume 288, Issue 1956, Page(s) 20211045

Abstract: Individuals are expected to avoid mating with relatives as inbreeding can reduce offspring fitness, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. This has led to the widespread assumption that selection will favour individuals that avoid mating with ... ...

Abstract	Individuals are expected to avoid mating with relatives as inbreeding can reduce offspring fitness, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression. This has led to the widespread assumption that selection will favour individuals that avoid mating with relatives. However, the strength of inbreeding avoidance is variable across species and there are numerous cases where related mates are not avoided. Here we test if the frequency that related males and females encounter each other explains variation in inbreeding avoidance using phylogenetic meta-analysis of 41 different species from six classes across the animal kingdom. In species reported to mate randomly with respect to relatedness, individuals were either unlikely to encounter relatives, or inbreeding had negligible effects on offspring fitness. Mechanisms for avoiding inbreeding, including active mate choice, post-copulatory processes and sex-biased dispersal, were only found in species with inbreeding depression. These results help explain why some species seem to care more about inbreeding than others: inbreeding avoidance through mate choice only evolves when there is both a risk of inbreeding depression and related sexual partners frequently encounter each other.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Copulation ; Female ; Humans ; Inbreeding ; Inbreeding Depression ; Male ; Mating Preference, Animal ; Phylogeny ; Reproduction ; Sexual Behavior, Animal
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209242-6
ISSN	1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
ISSN (online)	1471-2954
ISSN	0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
DOI	10.1098/rspb.2021.1045
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Article ; Online: Hard-working helpers contribute to long breeder lifespans in cooperative birds.

Downing, Philip A / Griffin, Ashleigh S / Cornwallis, Charlie K

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

2021 Volume 376, Issue 1823, Page(s) 20190742

Abstract: In many species that raise young in cooperative groups, breeders live an exceptionally long time despite high investment in offspring production. How is this possible given the expected trade-off between survival and reproduction? One possibility is that ...

Abstract	In many species that raise young in cooperative groups, breeders live an exceptionally long time despite high investment in offspring production. How is this possible given the expected trade-off between survival and reproduction? One possibility is that breeders extend their lifespans by outsourcing parental care to non-reproductive group members. Having help lightens breeder workloads and the energy that is saved can be allocated to survival instead. We tested this hypothesis using phylogenetic meta-analysis across 23 cooperatively breeding bird species. We found that breeders with helpers had higher rates of annual survival than those without helpers (8% on average). Increased breeder survival was correlated with reduced investment in feeding offspring, which in turn depended on the proportion of feeding provided by helpers. Helpers had similar effects on female and male breeder survival. Our results indicate that one of the secrets to a long life is reduced investment in parental care. This appears to be a unique feature of cooperative societies with hard-working helpers. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ageing and sociality: why, when and how does sociality change ageing patterns?'
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Birds/physiology ; Cooperative Behavior ; Female ; Life History Traits ; Longevity ; Male ; Nesting Behavior ; Phylogeny ; Social Behavior ; Songbirds/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	208382-6
ISSN	1471-2970 ; 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
ISSN (online)	1471-2970
ISSN	0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
DOI	10.1098/rstb.2019.0742
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Einzelsignatur: Show issues

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Article: Exploiting Cooperative Pathogen Behavior for Enhanced Antibiotic Potency: A Trojan Horse Approach.

Mutlu, Alper / Vanderpool, Emily / Rumbaugh, Kendra P / Diggle, Stephen P / Griffin, Ashleigh S

Research square

2023

Abstract	Antimicrobial resistance poses an escalating global threat, rendering traditional drug development approaches increasingly ineffective. Thus, novel alternatives to antibiotic-based therapies are needed. Exploiting pathogen cooperation as a strategy for combating resistant infections has been proposed but lacks experimental validation. Empirical findings demonstrate the successful invasion of cooperating populations by non-cooperating cheats, effectively reducing virulence
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.21203/rs.3.rs-3466639/v1
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Article ; Online: Multicellularity in animals: The potential for within-organism conflict.

Howe, Jack / Rink, Jochen C / Wang, Bo / Griffin, Ashleigh S

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

2022 Volume 119, Issue 32, Page(s) e2120457119

Abstract: Metazoans function as individual organisms but also as "colonies" of cells whose single-celled ancestors lived and reproduced independently. Insights from evolutionary biology about multicellular group formation help us understand the behavior of cells: ... ...

Abstract	Metazoans function as individual organisms but also as "colonies" of cells whose single-celled ancestors lived and reproduced independently. Insights from evolutionary biology about multicellular group formation help us understand the behavior of cells: why they cooperate, and why cooperation sometimes breaks down. Current explanations for multicellularity focus on two aspects of development which promote cooperation and limit conflict among cells: a single-cell bottleneck, which creates organisms composed of clones, and a separation of somatic and germ cell lineages, which reduces the selective advantage of cheating. However, many obligately multicellular organisms thrive with neither, creating the potential for within-organism conflict. Here, we argue that the prevalence of such organisms throughout the Metazoa requires us to refine our preconceptions of conflict-free multicellularity. Evolutionary theory must incorporate developmental mechanisms across a broad range of organisms-such as unusual reproductive strategies, totipotency, and cell competition-while developmental biology must incorporate evolutionary principles. To facilitate this cross-disciplinary approach, we provide a conceptual overview from evolutionary biology for developmental biologists, using analogous examples in the well-studied social insects.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Cell Lineage ; Clone Cells ; Developmental Biology ; Insecta/growth & development ; Reproduction
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	209104-5
ISSN	1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
ISSN (online)	1091-6490
ISSN	0027-8424
DOI	10.1073/pnas.2120457119
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Zs.A 1148: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The Benefits of Help in Cooperative Birds: Nonexistent or Difficult to Detect?

Downing, Philip A / Griffin, Ashleigh S / Cornwallis, Charlie K

The American naturalist

2020 Volume 195, Issue 6, Page(s) 1085–1091

Abstract: In birds that breed cooperatively in family groups, adult offspring often delay dispersal to assist the breeding pair in raising their young. Kin selection is thought to play an important role in the evolution of this breeding system. However, evidence ... ...

Abstract	In birds that breed cooperatively in family groups, adult offspring often delay dispersal to assist the breeding pair in raising their young. Kin selection is thought to play an important role in the evolution of this breeding system. However, evidence supporting the underlying assumption that helpers increase the reproductive success of breeders is inconsistent. In 10 out of 19 species where the effect of helpers on breeder reproductive success has been estimated while controlling for the effects of breeder and territory quality, no benefits of help were detected. Here, we use phylogenetic meta-analysis to show that the inconsistent evidence for helper benefits across species is explained by study design. After accounting for low sample sizes and the different study designs used to control for breeder and territory quality, we found that helpers consistently enhanced the reproductive success of breeders. Therefore, the assumption that helpers increase breeder reproductive success is supported by evidence across cooperatively breeding birds.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Cooperative Behavior ; Nesting Behavior/physiology ; Passeriformes/physiology ; Reproduction/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	207092-3
ISSN	1537-5323 ; 0003-0147
ISSN (online)	1537-5323
ISSN	0003-0147
DOI	10.1086/708515
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Article ; Online: Group formation and the evolutionary pathway to complex sociality in birds.

Downing, Philip A / Griffin, Ashleigh S / Cornwallis, Charlie K

Nature ecology & evolution

2020 Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) 479–486

Abstract: Group-living species show a diversity of social organization, from simple mated pairs to complex communities of interdependent individuals performing specialized tasks. The advantages of living in cooperative groups are well understood, but why some ... ...

Abstract	Group-living species show a diversity of social organization, from simple mated pairs to complex communities of interdependent individuals performing specialized tasks. The advantages of living in cooperative groups are well understood, but why some species breed in small aggregations while others evolve large, complex groups with clearly divided roles is unclear. We address this problem by reconstructing the evolutionary pathways to cooperative breeding across 4,730 bird species. We show that differences in the way groups form at the origin of cooperative breeding predicts the level of group complexity that emerges. Groups that originate through the retention of offspring have a clear reproductive divide with distinct breeder and helper roles. This is associated with reproductive specialization, where breeders invest more in fecundity and less in care. In contrast, groups formed through the aggregation of unrelated adults are smaller and lack specialization. These results help explain why some species have not transitioned beyond simple groups while others have taken the pathway to increased group complexity.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Birds ; Breeding ; Reproduction
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2397-334X
ISSN (online)	2397-334X
DOI	10.1038/s41559-020-1113-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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