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Book ; Online ; E-Book: Frontiers of COVID-19

Adibi, Sasan / Griffin, Paul / Sanicas, Melvin / Rashidi, Maryam / Lanfranchi, Francesco

scientific and clinical aspects of the novel coronavirus 2019

2022

Abstract: This book aims to serve the critical interests of the global community by supplying the most current knowledge and understanding of Covid-19 epidemiology, treatment, and prognoses. There was much uncertain and contradictory information published in the ... ...

Author's details	Sasan Adibi [and four others], editors
Abstract	This book aims to serve the critical interests of the global community by supplying the most current knowledge and understanding of Covid-19 epidemiology, treatment, and prognoses. There was much uncertain and contradictory information published in the first year of the novel coronavirus. The dynamics of COVID-19 have now been realized, including the type of antibodies produced in infected patients and their limited lasting endurance. This book will set the record straight on the concept of "herd immunity" and explore the current vaccine trials taking place in different countries. This comprehensive book will illuminate recent advances regarding COVID-19 and offer a possible roadmap on how to move forward.Frontiers of COVID-19: A Pathophysiology and Epidemiology Roadmap of Novel Coronavirus Diseasewill be a vital and forward-looking guide for infectious disease clinicians, scientists and researchers, and students at the graduate level.
Keywords	COVID-19 (Disease)
Subject code	362.1962414
Language	English
Size	1 online resource (667 pages)
Publisher	Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Publishing place	Cham, Switzerland
Document type	Book ; Online ; E-Book
Remark	Zugriff für angemeldete ZB MED-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer
ISBN	3-031-08045-9 ; 9783031080449 ; 978-3-031-08045-6 ; 3031080440
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Book: Frontiers of COVID-19

Adibi, Sasan / Griffin, Paul / Lanfranchi, Francesco / Rashidi, Maryam / Sanicas, Melvin

Scientific and Clinical Aspects of the Novel Coronavirus 2019

2022

Author's details	Sasan Adibi, PhD, Senior Member, IEEE School of IT Deakin University Melbourne, Australia A/Prof Paul Griffin B.Sc. (Hons), MBBS, FRACP, FRCPA, FACTM School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia Department of Infectious Diseases, Mater Health, Queensland, Australia Melvin Sanicas, MD, MSc, FRSPH, FRSA Senior Medical Director, Global Medical Affairs Clover Biopharmaceuticals Zurich, Switzerland Maryam Rashidi, MD, PhD Senior Postdoctoral Researcher Immunology and Inflammation Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI) Melbourne, Australia Francesco Lanfranchi, MD Nuclear Medicine UnitDepartment of Health Sciences (DISSAL) University of Genoa Genoa, Italy
Keywords	NovelCoronavirusDisease ; pandemic ; Antibody ; infection ; herdimmunity ; vaccine ; novel coronavirus disease ; antibody ; herd immunity
Language	English
Size	684 p.
Edition	1
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Book
Note	PDA Manuell_16
Format	160 x 241 x 40
ISBN	9783031080449 ; 3031080440
Database	PDA

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Article ; Online: Rapid Electron Transfer Self-Exchange in Conformationally Dynamic Copper Coordination Complexes.

Griffin, Paul J / Olshansky, Lisa

Journal of the American Chemical Society

2023 Volume 145, Issue 37, Page(s) 20158–20162

Abstract: We report the electron transfer (ET) self-exchange rate constants ( ...

Abstract	We report the electron transfer (ET) self-exchange rate constants (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3155-0
ISSN	1520-5126 ; 0002-7863
ISSN (online)	1520-5126
ISSN	0002-7863
DOI	10.1021/jacs.3c05935
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Article ; Online: Cost-effectiveness of screening for chronic kidney disease using a cumulative eGFR-based statistic.

Zafarnejad, Reyhaneh / Chen, Qiushi / Griffin, Paul M

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 3, Page(s) e0299401

Abstract: Objectives: Routine screening for chronic kidney disease (CKD) could enable timely interventions to slow down disease progression, but currently there are no clinical guidelines for screening. We aim to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of screening for ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Routine screening for chronic kidney disease (CKD) could enable timely interventions to slow down disease progression, but currently there are no clinical guidelines for screening. We aim to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of screening for CKD using a novel analytical tool based on a cumulative sum statistic of estimated glomerular filtration rate (CUSUMGFR). Methods: We developed a microsimulation model that captured CKD disease progression, major complications, patients' awareness, and treatment adherence for a nationally representative synthetic cohort of age ≥ 30 years in the United States. In addition to the status quo with no screening, we considered four CUSUMGFR-based universal screening policies by frequency (annual or biennial) and starting age (30 or 60 years), and two targeted annual screening policies for patients with hypertension and diabetes, respectively. For each policy, we evaluated the total discounted disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and direct health costs over a lifetime horizon and estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). We further performed one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of parameter uncertainty. Results: Compared with the status quo, all the CUSUMGFR-based screening policies were cost-effective under the willingness-to-pay (WTP) range of $50,000 -$100,000, with the estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) ranging from $15,614/DALYs averted to $54,373/DALYs averted. Universal annual screening with starting age of 30 was the non-dominated policy on the cost-effectiveness frontier under the WTP of approximately $25,000. Adding more recent treatment option of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors to the treatment regimen was found to be cost-saving. Among the most influential model parameters, variation in the CKD progression rate, adherence, and testing cost resulted in the highest variability in model outcomes. Conclusions: CUSUMGFR-based screening policies for CKD are highly cost-effective in identifying patients at risk of end stage kidney disease in early stages of CKD. Given its simple requirement of a basic blood test, the CUSUMGFR-based screening can be easily incorporated into clinical workflow for disease monitoring and prevention.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Mass Screening/methods ; Disease Progression ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0299401
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Article ; Online: Engineering Approaches for Addressing Opioid Use Disorder in the Community.

Griffin, Paul M

Annual review of biomedical engineering

2020 Volume 22, Page(s) 207–229

Abstract: Many communities in the United States are struggling to deal with the negative consequences of illicit opioid use. Effectively addressing this epidemic requires the coordination and support of community stakeholders in a change process with common goals ... ...

Abstract	Many communities in the United States are struggling to deal with the negative consequences of illicit opioid use. Effectively addressing this epidemic requires the coordination and support of community stakeholders in a change process with common goals and objectives, continuous engagement with individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) through their treatment and recovery journeys, application of systems engineering principles to drive process change and sustain it, and use of a formal evaluation process to support a learning community that continuously adapts. This review presents strategies to improve OUD treatment and recovery with a focus on engineering approaches grounded in systems thinking.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects ; Community Mental Health Services/organization & administration ; Engineering/methods ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Medical Informatics ; Mentoring ; Motivational Interviewing ; Opiate Substitution Treatment/methods ; Opioid-Related Disorders/prevention & control ; Opioid-Related Disorders/therapy ; Peer Group ; Prevalence ; Program Development ; Software ; United States
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1448425-0
ISSN	1545-4274 ; 1523-9829
ISSN (online)	1545-4274
ISSN	1523-9829
DOI	10.1146/annurev-bioeng-082719-040832
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Book ; Online: An interventional study to evaluate the safety and immune response of a vaccine against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 infection) when given to healthy adult participants

Griffin, Paul

http://isrctn.com/

2020

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
DOI	10.1186/isrctn51232965
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Assessing school-based policy actions for COVID-19: An agent-based analysis of incremental infection risk.

Zafarnejad, Reyhaneh / Griffin, Paul M

Computers in biology and medicine

2021 Volume 134, Page(s) 104518

Abstract: Many schools and universities have seen a significant increase in the spread of COVID-19. As such, a number of non-pharmaceutical interventions have been proposed including distancing requirements, surveillance testing, and updating ventilation systems. ... ...

Abstract	Many schools and universities have seen a significant increase in the spread of COVID-19. As such, a number of non-pharmaceutical interventions have been proposed including distancing requirements, surveillance testing, and updating ventilation systems. Unfortunately, there is limited guidance for which policy or set of policies are most effective for a specific school system. We develop a novel approach to model the spread of SARS-CoV-2 quanta in a closed classroom environment that extends traditional transmission models that assume uniform mixing through air recirculation by including the local spread of quanta from a contagious source. In addition, the behavior of students with respect to guideline compliance was modeled through an agent-based simulation. Estimated infection rates were on average lower using traditional transmission models compared to our approach. Further, we found that although ventilation changes were effective at reducing mean transmission risk, it had much less impact than distancing practices. Duration of the class was an important factor in determining the transmission risk. For the same total number of semester hours for a class, delivering lectures more frequently for shorter durations was preferable to less frequently with longer durations. Finally, as expected, as the contact tracing level increased, more infectious students were identified and removed from the environment and the spread slowed, though there were diminishing returns. These findings can help provide guidance as to which school-based policies would be most effective at reducing risk and can be used in a cost/comparative effectiveness estimation study given local costs and constraints.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	127557-4
ISSN	1879-0534 ; 0010-4825
ISSN (online)	1879-0534
ISSN	0010-4825
DOI	10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104518
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Article ; Online: VIOLET: Visual Analytics for Explainable Quantum Neural Networks.

Ruan, Shaolun / Liang, Zhiding / Guan, Qiang / Griffin, Paul / Wen, Xiaolin / Lin, Yanna / Wang, Yong

IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics

2024 Volume PP

Abstract: With the rapid development of Quantum Machine Learning, quantum neural networks (QNN) have experienced great advancement in the past few years, harnessing the advantages of quantum computing to significantly speed up classical machine learning tasks. ... ...

Abstract	With the rapid development of Quantum Machine Learning, quantum neural networks (QNN) have experienced great advancement in the past few years, harnessing the advantages of quantum computing to significantly speed up classical machine learning tasks. Despite their increasing popularity, the quantum neural network is quite counter-intuitive and difficult to understand, due to their unique quantum-specific layers (e.g., data encoding and measurement) in their architecture. It prevents QNN users and researchers from effectively understanding its inner workings and exploring the model training status. To fill the research gap, we propose VIOLET, a novel visual analytics approach to improve the explainability of quantum neural networks. Guided by the design requirements distilled from the interviews with domain experts and the literature survey, we developed three visualization views: the Encoder View unveils the process of converting classical input data into quantum states, the Ansatz View reveals the temporal evolution of quantum states in the training process, and the Feature View displays the features a QNN has learned after the training process. Two novel visual designs, i.e., satellite chart and augmented heatmap, are proposed to visually explain the variational parameters and quantum circuit measurements respectively. We evaluate VIOLET through two case studies and in-depth interviews with 12 domain experts. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and usability of VIOLET in helping QNN users and developers intuitively understand and explore quantum neural networks.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1941-0506
ISSN (online)	1941-0506
DOI	10.1109/TVCG.2024.3388557
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Opioid-Related Treatment Disparities Among Medicaid Enrollees in Indiana.

Vivas-Valencia, Carolina / Kong, Nan / Adams, Nicole / Griffin, Paul M

Health equity

2023 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 76–79

Abstract: Introduction: Health care disparities based on race/ethnicity and sex can be found in a variety of settings. Our aim is to determine if there are disparities in treatment provided to Indiana Medicaid enrollees who have medically documented opioid use.!## ...

Abstract	Introduction: Health care disparities based on race/ethnicity and sex can be found in a variety of settings. Our aim is to determine if there are disparities in treatment provided to Indiana Medicaid enrollees who have medically documented opioid use. Study data and methods: We used Medicaid reimbursement claims data to extract patients who were diagnosed with opioid use disorder (OUD) or had other medical event related to opioid use between January 2018 and March 2019. We used a two-proportion Study results: Over the study period, there were 52,994 Indiana Medicaid enrollees diagnosed with OUD or documentation of another opioid related event. Only 5.41% of them received at least one type of treatment service (detoxification, psychosocial, medication assisted treatment, or comprehensive). Discussion: Although Medicaid began covering treatment services for enrollees with an OUD in Indiana at the start of 2018, very few received evidence-based services. Men and White enrollees with an OUD were in general more likely to receive services compared to women and non-White enrollees.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2473-1242
ISSN (online)	2473-1242
DOI	10.1089/heq.2021.0154
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Article ; Online: QuantumEyes: Towards Better Interpretability of Quantum Circuits.

Ruan, Shaolun / Guan, Qiang / Griffin, Paul / Mao, Ying / Wang, Yong

IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics

2023 Volume PP

Abstract: Quantum computing offers significant speedup compared to classical computing, which has led to a growing interest among users in learning and applying quantum computing across various applications. However, quantum circuits, which are fundamental for ... ...

Abstract	Quantum computing offers significant speedup compared to classical computing, which has led to a growing interest among users in learning and applying quantum computing across various applications. However, quantum circuits, which are fundamental for implementing quantum algorithms, can be challenging for users to understand due to their underlying logic, such as the temporal evolution of quantum states and the effect of quantum amplitudes on the probability of basis quantum states. To fill this research gap, we propose QuantumEyes, an interactive visual analytics system to enhance the interpretability of quantum circuits through both global and local levels. For the global-level analysis, we present three coupled visualizations to delineate the changes of quantum states and the underlying reasons: a Probability Summary View to overview the probability evolution of quantum states; a State Evolution View to enable an in-depth analysis of the influence of quantum gates on the quantum states; a Gate Explanation View to show the individual qubit states and facilitate a better understanding of the effect of quantum gates. For the local-level analysis, we design a novel geometrical visualization dandelion chart to explicitly reveal how the quantum amplitudes affect the probability of the quantum state. We thoroughly evaluated QuantumEyes as well as the novel dandelion chart integrated into it through two case studies on different types of quantum algorithms and in-depth expert interviews with 12 domain experts. The results demonstrate the effectiveness and usability of our approach in enhancing the interpretability of quantum circuits.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1941-0506
ISSN (online)	1941-0506
DOI	10.1109/TVCG.2023.3332999
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