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Article ; Online: Strongyloides stercoralis in a dog litter: Evidence suggesting a transmammary transmission.

De Liberato, Claudio / Iatta, Roberta / Scarito, Maria Alessia / Grifoni, Goffredo / Dante, Giampiero / Otranto, Domenico

Acta tropica

2022 Volume 231, Page(s) 106465

Abstract: Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth with an unusual life cycle, causing canine and human strongyloidiasis, mainly endemic in tropical and subtropical areas. Following percutaneous or oral transmission of infective third-stage larvae ... ...

Abstract	Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth with an unusual life cycle, causing canine and human strongyloidiasis, mainly endemic in tropical and subtropical areas. Following percutaneous or oral transmission of infective third-stage larvae in the vertebrate host, the parasite can cause autoinfection, leading to life-long infection. At present, the transmammary transmission was only assessed in experimentally infested dogs. Here, we provide observational evidence of S. stercoralis transmammary transmission in puppies suckling from a truffle dog from Central Italy, from where its presence was neglected.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Dogs ; Feces/parasitology ; Italy ; Larva ; Life Cycle Stages ; Strongyloides stercoralis ; Strongyloidiasis/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-12
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	210415-5
ISSN	1873-6254 ; 0001-706X
ISSN (online)	1873-6254
ISSN	0001-706X
DOI	10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106465
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Article: Strongyloides stercoralis in a dog litter: Evidence suggesting a transmammary transmission

De Liberato, Claudio / Iatta, Roberta / Scarito, Maria Alessia / Grifoni, Goffredo / Dante, Giampiero / Otranto, Domenico

Acta tropica. 2022 July, v. 231

2022

Abstract	Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth with an unusual life cycle, causing canine and human strongyloidiasis, mainly endemic in tropical and subtropical areas. Following percutaneous or oral transmission of infective third-stage larvae in the vertebrate host, the parasite can cause autoinfection, leading to life-long infection. At present, the transmammary transmission was only assessed in experimentally infested dogs. Here, we provide observational evidence of S. stercoralis transmammary transmission in puppies suckling from a truffle dog from Central Italy, from where its presence was neglected.
Keywords	Strongyloides stercoralis ; helminths ; humans ; strongyloidiasis ; truffles ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-07
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	210415-5
ISSN	1873-6254 ; 0001-706X
ISSN (online)	1873-6254
ISSN	0001-706X
DOI	10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106465
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Pathology of Urinary Bladder in Pearsonema spp. Infected Wildlife from Central Italy

Eleni, Claudia / Mariacher, Alessia / Grifoni, Goffredo / Cardini, Elena / Tonon, Sara / Lombardo, Andrea / Barone, Antonino / Fichi, Gianluca

Pathogens. 2021 Apr. 14, v. 10, no. 4

2021

Abstract: The genus Pearsonema, in the nematode family Capillariidae, includes several species that parasitize the urinary bladders of wild and domestic carnivores. The infection has been reported worldwide from several wildlife species, including canids, ... ...

Abstract	The genus Pearsonema, in the nematode family Capillariidae, includes several species that parasitize the urinary bladders of wild and domestic carnivores. The infection has been reported worldwide from several wildlife species, including canids, mustelids, and felids, but the pathological aspects have seldom been investigated. In order to assess the presence and severity of the lesions in Pearsonema-infected wildlife, we performed a parasitological and pathological examination of urinary bladders from 72 animals, belonging to the families Canidae (red fox Vulpes vulpes, n = 28, and wolf Canis lupus, n = 29) and Mustelidae (beech marten Martes foina, n = 3; pine marten Martes martes, n = 2; and European badger Meles meles, n = 10). A greater prevalence of infection for canids (64.91%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 52.52–77.30%) than for mustelids (13.33%) (p < 0.001) was recorded. The prevalence of infection in red foxes was 75.0% (95% CI, 58.96–91.04%), in accordance with other reports from European countries, supporting the role of this species as a reservoir for infection. Eosinophilic cystitis was observed in 34 out of the 72 examined animals (47.22%). The influence of Pearsonema sp. infection on the occurrence of eosinophilic cystitis was statistically significant in wolves (p < 0.01), which were also affected by more severe histological lesions compared to foxes.
Keywords	Canis lupus ; Capillariidae ; Felidae ; Martes foina ; Martes martes ; Meles meles ; Vulpes vulpes ; badgers ; bladder ; confidence interval ; cystitis ; histology ; wildlife ; wolves ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0414
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens10040474
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A Canine Distemper Virus Retrospective Study Conducted from 2011 to 2019 in Central Italy (Latium and Tuscany Regions).

Ricci, Ida / Cersini, Antonella / Manna, Giuseppe / Marcario, Gaetana Anita / Conti, Raffaella / Brocherel, Giuseppina / Grifoni, Goffredo / Eleni, Claudia / Scicluna, Maria Teresa

Viruses

2021 Volume 13, Issue 2

Abstract: Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly lethal contagious viral pathogen mainly found in domestic and wild canids and mustelids. Although, in Italy, circulating strains of Europe 1, Europe wildlife and Arctic type are reported, data relating to Latium ... ...

Abstract	Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly lethal contagious viral pathogen mainly found in domestic and wild canids and mustelids. Although, in Italy, circulating strains of Europe 1, Europe wildlife and Arctic type are reported, data relating to Latium and Tuscany regions are limited. In view of this, through passive surveillance, we investigated the presence of CDV and which strains were circulating in these Regions. From March 2017 to October 2019, a group of 122 subjects were tested for CDV using a PCR protocol described in the literature, with 12 detected positive; analyses were carried out on a set of target samples (brain and lung, conjunctival, nasal and rectal swabs, urine or swab from bladder and intracardiac clot) that was defined for the detection of CDV in both live and dead animals. The rectal swab, easily collected also from live animals, represented the most suitable sample for CDV diagnosis, with 9 positive of the 11 (81.82%) tested. In addition, brain and lung of 15 subjects out of 181 susceptible animals collected between 2011 and 2018, during post mortem investigations in routine diagnostic activity, were CDV positive. Molecular analyses of all positive samples, using a 287 bp fragment located within the conserved N terminus of the morbillivirus nucleoprotein gene, detected the circulation of strain CDV599/2016 (KX545421.1) belonging to the "Europe wildlife" lineage, and of strain CDV12254/2015 (KX024709.1), belonging to the Arctic-lineage, thus confirming the co-circulation of the two lineages, as already noted in previous studies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Autopsy/veterinary ; Distemper/epidemiology ; Distemper/pathology ; Distemper/virology ; Distemper Virus, Canine/genetics ; Distemper Virus, Canine/isolation & purification ; Italy/epidemiology ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics ; Retrospective Studies ; Viral Vaccines/genetics
Chemical Substances	Nucleocapsid Proteins ; RNA, Viral ; Viral Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v13020272
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Article: Pathology of Urinary Bladder in

Eleni, Claudia / Mariacher, Alessia / Grifoni, Goffredo / Cardini, Elena / Tonon, Sara / Lombardo, Andrea / Barone, Antonino / Fichi, Gianluca

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 10, Issue 4

Abstract: ... The ... ...

Abstract	The genus
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens10040474
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Article ; Online: Serum responsiveness to recombinant bovine somatotropin in buffalo: a three-month lactation study using an acid-stripping ELISA for screening.

Castigliego, Lorenzo / Tinacci, Lara / Armani, Andrea / Boselli, Carlo / Grifoni, Goffredo / Mazzi, Marco / Guidi, Alessandra

Drug testing and analysis

2016 Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) 646–656

Abstract: The misuse of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) to increase milk yield involves buffalo not just cows. Screening methods to identify rbST-treated cattle have already been proposed. However, there have been no studies on prolonged periods with a high ...

Abstract	The misuse of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) to increase milk yield involves buffalo not just cows. Screening methods to identify rbST-treated cattle have already been proposed. However, there have been no studies on prolonged periods with a high number of animals. In this study, we developed a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the serum responsiveness towards rbST, based on an acid-stripping procedure and relatively simple integral calculation dilution curves. We also applied the analysis to 640 serum and 96 milk samples collected from 16 buffalo treated with rbST and 16 controls, over a period of approximately three months. Its suitability as a screening method, in compliance with EU law, was also assessed. A bi-factorial approach was also evaluated, including the measurement of insulin-like growth factor 1 concentration in serum. Results showed that our ELISA could be used on its own for screening purposes, without the need to assess other biomarkers. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Buffaloes/blood ; Buffaloes/physiology ; Cattle ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods ; Female ; Growth Hormone/analysis ; Growth Hormone/blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analysis ; Lactation ; Limit of Detection ; Milk/chemistry ; Substance Abuse Detection/methods
Chemical Substances	Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (67763-96-6) ; Growth Hormone (9002-72-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-06-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2462336-2
ISSN	1942-7611 ; 1942-7603
ISSN (online)	1942-7611
ISSN	1942-7603
DOI	10.1002/dta.1994
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Article: Pathological findings of Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Central Italy, with the first report of a disseminated infection in this host species

Eleni, Claudia / Grifoni, Goffredo / Di Egidio, Alessandra / Meoli, Roberta / De Liberato, Claudio

Parasitology research. 2014 Mar., v. 113, no. 3

2014

Abstract: In Europe, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is considered the reservoir of Angiostrongylus vasorum, nematode residing in the pulmonary arteries and right heart of dogs and many species of wild carnivores. Italy is considered one of the European countries ... ...

Abstract	In Europe, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is considered the reservoir of Angiostrongylus vasorum, nematode residing in the pulmonary arteries and right heart of dogs and many species of wild carnivores. Italy is considered one of the European countries where this nematode is actually spreading. Between May 2007 and November 2013, 62 foxes found dead in Central Italy were necropsied. Right heart and pulmonary arteries were opened and checked for the presence of adult parasites. Impression smears from sectioned lungs were examined for the presence of first-stage larvae, and samples of lungs were processed for histological examination. In order to detect eventual disseminated infections, samples of heart, pulmonary lymph nodes, liver, kidneys, and brain of foxes positive for A. vasorum at necropsy or lungs histological examination were processed for histological examination. An overall prevalence of 43.5� % was recorded. Light, mild, and severe lung lesions were detected in 33.3, 22.2, and 25.9� % of infected animals, respectively. Severe lesions were more frequent in animals younger than 12� months. In five infected foxes (18.5� %), no gross lesions were observed, while for three animals, angiostrongylosis was considered the cause of death. A case of disseminated angiostrongylosis was detected and another one was suspected. This is the firs report of disseminated angiostrongylosis in the fox.
Keywords	Angiostrongylus vasorum ; Vulpes vulpes ; brain ; carnivores ; death ; dogs ; foxes ; heart ; kidneys ; larvae ; liver ; lungs ; lymph nodes ; necropsy ; parasites ; pulmonary artery ; Italy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-03
Size	p. 1247-1250.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	284966-5
ISSN	1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
ISSN (online)	1432-1955
ISSN	0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
DOI	10.1007/s00436-014-3793-0
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Article ; Online: Pathological findings of Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Central Italy, with the first report of a disseminated infection in this host species.

Eleni, Claudia / Grifoni, Goffredo / Di Egidio, Alessandra / Meoli, Roberta / De Liberato, Claudio

Parasitology research

2014 Volume 113, Issue 3, Page(s) 1247–1250

Abstract	In Europe, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is considered the reservoir of Angiostrongylus vasorum, nematode residing in the pulmonary arteries and right heart of dogs and many species of wild carnivores. Italy is considered one of the European countries where this nematode is actually spreading. Between May 2007 and November 2013, 62 foxes found dead in Central Italy were necropsied. Right heart and pulmonary arteries were opened and checked for the presence of adult parasites. Impression smears from sectioned lungs were examined for the presence of first-stage larvae, and samples of lungs were processed for histological examination. In order to detect eventual disseminated infections, samples of heart, pulmonary lymph nodes, liver, kidneys, and brain of foxes positive for A. vasorum at necropsy or lungs histological examination were processed for histological examination. An overall prevalence of 43.5% was recorded. Light, mild, and severe lung lesions were detected in 33.3, 22.2, and 25.9% of infected animals, respectively. Severe lesions were more frequent in animals younger than 12 months. In five infected foxes (18.5%), no gross lesions were observed, while for three animals, angiostrongylosis was considered the cause of death. A case of disseminated angiostrongylosis was detected and another one was suspected. This is the firs report of disseminated angiostrongylosis in the fox.
MeSH term(s)	Angiostrongylus ; Animals ; Brain/pathology ; Europe ; Foxes/parasitology ; Heart/parasitology ; Italy/epidemiology ; Kidney/pathology ; Lung/pathology ; Lymph Nodes/pathology ; Strongylida Infections/pathology ; Strongylida Infections/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-02-15
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	284966-5
ISSN	1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
ISSN (online)	1432-1955
ISSN	0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
DOI	10.1007/s00436-014-3793-0
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Article ; Online: Death of captive-bred vultures caused by flunixin poisoning in Italy.

Eleni, Claudia / Neri, Bruno / Giannetti, Luigi / Grifoni, Goffredo / Meoli, Roberta / Stravino, Fiorentino / Friedrich, Klaus Gunther / Scholl, Francesco / Di Cerbo, Pilar / Battisti, Antonio

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

2019 Volume 68, Page(s) 91–93

Abstract: Among non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) diclofenac is considered the main cause for the decline of vulture populations in the Indian subcontinent since the '90 s. Chemical analysis showed high levels of flunixin (31,350 μg/kg) in beef which ... ...

Abstract	Among non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) diclofenac is considered the main cause for the decline of vulture populations in the Indian subcontinent since the '90 s. Chemical analysis showed high levels of flunixin (31,350 μg/kg) in beef which three captive Gyps vultures fed on, later dying with severe visceral gout. Levels in dead vultures' organs and tissues ranged from 4 to 38.5 μg/kg. The typical lesions and the concentrations found in beef indicate flunixin as the cause of death. This is the first observational study which correlates the concentration of flunixin in the meat ingested with that found in tissues of vultures.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/analysis ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/poisoning ; Cattle ; Clonixin/analogs & derivatives ; Clonixin/analysis ; Clonixin/poisoning ; Falconiformes ; Food Chain ; Gout/chemically induced ; Heart/drug effects ; Italy ; Kidney/drug effects ; Kidney/pathology ; Meat/analysis ; Meat/poisoning
Chemical Substances	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; flunixin (356IB1O400) ; Clonixin (V7DXN0M42R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1318302-3
ISSN	1872-7077 ; 1382-6689
ISSN (online)	1872-7077
ISSN	1382-6689
DOI	10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.011
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Article ; Online: A LC-MS-MS method to detect recombinant bovine somatotropin misuse in buffalos.

Castigliego, Lorenzo / Armani, Andrea / Grifoni, Goffredo / Mazzi, Marco / Boselli, Carlo / Guidi, Alessandra / Donzelli, Riccardo / Saba, Alessandro

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry

2016 Volume 408, Issue 18, Page(s) 4917–4926

Abstract: Recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) is a peptide hormone used to increase milk yield in cows and buffalos. In Europe, its use has been banned. However, rbST is sometimes illegally included in zootechnical practices for profit purposes, undermining the ...

Abstract	Recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) is a peptide hormone used to increase milk yield in cows and buffalos. In Europe, its use has been banned. However, rbST is sometimes illegally included in zootechnical practices for profit purposes, undermining the fair trade and the law prescriptions. For this reason, efficient and reliable analytical techniques are required to contrast rbST misuse. A few LC-MS-MS methods have been developed to detect, in cow serum, methyonil-rbST, one of the two main rbST forms available on the market. The other form, which is widespread, is identical to the most abundant variant of bovine somatotropin (bST) and differs from the buffalo somatotropin for one amino acid in the N-terminus. For this reason, it is technically possible to distinguish both rbST forms in serum of buffalos. In this work, we describe a novel LC-MS-MS-based method, capable to quantify, with a high sensitivity and selectivity, the methyonil-rbST and the other bST-identical recombinant form in buffalo serum, previously purified using a solid-phase extraction procedure. The method was internally validated and used to analyse 152 serum samples, collected from eight buffalos administered with rbST for a period of 3 months, according to conventional protocols. The obtained results confirmed the suitability of the method in the detection of illegal hormonal treatments. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Buffaloes/blood ; Cattle/genetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/veterinary ; Growth Hormone/blood ; Growth Hormone/genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Substance Abuse Detection/methods ; Substance Abuse Detection/veterinary ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/veterinary
Chemical Substances	Growth Hormone (9002-72-6) ; sometribove (PBK5EQG5CQ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05-05
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	201093-8
ISSN	1618-2650 ; 0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
ISSN (online)	1618-2650
ISSN	0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
DOI	10.1007/s00216-016-9578-9
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