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  1. Article ; Online: Characterizing Space‐Time Channel Network Dynamics in a Mediterranean Intermittent Catchment of Central Italy Combining Visual Surveys and Cameras

    Noto, Simone / Durighetto, Nicola / Tauro, Flavia / Grimaldi, Salvatore / Botter, Gianluca

    Water Resources Research. 2024 Jan., v. 60, no. 1 p.e2023WR034682-

    2024  

    Abstract: Non‐perennial streams have a global prevalence, but quantitative knowledge of the temporal dynamics of their flowing length—namely the extent of the wet portion of the stream network—remains limited, as the monitoring of the spatiotemporal configuration ... ...

    Abstract Non‐perennial streams have a global prevalence, but quantitative knowledge of the temporal dynamics of their flowing length—namely the extent of the wet portion of the stream network—remains limited, as the monitoring of the spatiotemporal configuration of wet channels is challenging in most settings. This work combines the high spatial resolution of visual surveys and the high temporal resolution of camera‐based approaches to reconstruct the space‐time stream network dynamics in a 3.7 km² Mediterranean catchment of central Italy. Information on the hydrological status of the stream network derived from 40 field surveys and sub‐hourly images collected with 21 stage‐cameras are combined exploiting the hierarchical principle. The latter postulates the existence of a Bayesian chain, defined from the local persistence of the nodes that dictates their wetting/drying order during expansion/retraction cycles of the flowing stream network. Our results highlight the complexity of network dynamics in the study area: while the number of wet nodes decreases during the dry season and increases during the wet season, the local persistency exhibits a highly heterogeneous non‐monotonic spatial pattern, originating a dynamically disconnected network. Despite this heterogeneity, the hierarchical model well approximates the temporal evolution of the state of the network nodes, with an accuracy that exceeds 99%. Crucially, the model allows the reconstruction of the wet portion even in cases in which part of the network was not observed. This work provides a novel conceptual approach for the reconstruction of the wet portion of the network in poorly accessible sites.
    Keywords Bayesian theory ; dry season ; models ; streams ; temporal variation ; water ; watersheds ; wet season ; Italy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2024-01
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 5564-5
    ISSN 1944-7973 ; 0043-1397
    ISSN (online) 1944-7973
    ISSN 0043-1397
    DOI 10.1029/2023WR034682
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Integrating spatially-and temporally-heterogeneous data on river network dynamics using graph theory.

    Durighetto, Nicola / Noto, Simone / Tauro, Flavia / Grimaldi, Salvatore / Botter, Gianluca

    iScience

    2023  Volume 26, Issue 8, Page(s) 107417

    Abstract: The study of non-perennial streams requires extensive experimental data on the temporal evolution of surface flow presence across different nodes of channel networks. However, the consistency and homogeneity of available datasets is threatened by the ... ...

    Abstract The study of non-perennial streams requires extensive experimental data on the temporal evolution of surface flow presence across different nodes of channel networks. However, the consistency and homogeneity of available datasets is threatened by the empirical burden required to map stream network expansions and contractions. Here, we developed a data-driven, graph-theory framework aimed at representing the hierarchical structuring of channel network dynamics (i.e., the order of node activation/deactivation during network expansion/retraction) through a directed acyclic graph. The method enables the estimation of the configuration of the active portion of the network based on a limited number of observed nodes, and can be utilized to combine datasets with different temporal resolutions and spatial coverage. A proof-of-concept application to a seasonally-dry catchment in central Italy demonstrated the ability of the approach to reduce the empirical effort required for monitoring network dynamics and efficiently extrapolate experimental observations in space and time.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107417
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Blue-green roofs as nature-based solutions for urban areas: hydrological performance and climatic index analyses.

    Pelorosso, Raffaele / Petroselli, Andrea / Cappelli, Francesco / Noto, Simone / Tauro, Flavia / Apollonio, Ciro / Grimaldi, Salvatore

    Environmental science and pollution research international

    2023  Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 5973–5988

    Abstract: The water-regulating capacity of nature-based solutions (NBSs) plays a crucial role in providing a full range of ecosystem services and enhancing the resilience of urban systems. This work focuses on the hydrological performance of a particular NBS, the ... ...

    Abstract The water-regulating capacity of nature-based solutions (NBSs) plays a crucial role in providing a full range of ecosystem services and enhancing the resilience of urban systems. This work focuses on the hydrological performance of a particular NBS, the so-called blue-green roof (BGR). The BGR is designed to collect infiltrated rainfall in a water storage layer beneath the soil to support vegetation maintenance, enhance evapotranspiration and cooling, and minimize runoff and drainage system load. The study aims to evaluate the hydrological performance of the BGR at global and event scale and, for the first time, to model climatic factors (easy to measure using common sensors) that affect its stormwater retention capacity. The data collected over 2 years and 2 months at a 5-min resolution from a pilot study in Central Italy were analysed. Additionally, a new climatic index called AWWP-x (Antecedent Wet Weather Period index) was introduced and calculated. Results show that the BGR has an overall relevant retention rate (67.1%), although the value depends on the rainfall of the observed period. Approximately 50% of the rainfall events did not produce any runoff, and during the dry season, all events were totally absorbed by the BGR. Four climatic variables were identified as significant factors for predicting BGR retention performance (R
    MeSH term(s) Pilot Projects ; Ecosystem ; Rain ; Water Movements ; Water ; Conservation of Natural Resources
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-023-31638-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: An evidence for enhancing the design hydrograph estimation for small and ungauged basins in Ethiopia

    Ayalew, Dessalegn Worku / Petroselli, Andrea / De Luca, Davide Luciano / Grimaldi, Salvatore

    Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies. 2022 Aug., v. 42 p.101123-

    2022  

    Abstract: Ethiopia and Upper Blue Nile Basin. Estimating design hydrograph characteristics (e.g. flood peak discharge, volume and duration) is a crucial topic in hydrology and this is particularly challenging in data scarce regions. In recent years, significant ... ...

    Abstract Ethiopia and Upper Blue Nile Basin. Estimating design hydrograph characteristics (e.g. flood peak discharge, volume and duration) is a crucial topic in hydrology and this is particularly challenging in data scarce regions. In recent years, significant innovations in hydrological modeling were introduced, allowing for more advanced analyses also in ungauged areas, in doing so limiting the application of empirical approaches (e.g. the rational formula). In the present work we summarize the current practice in Ethiopia and explore the possibility to apply a simplified continuous modeling for estimating design hydrographs. This study supports the conclusion that COSMO4SUB (Continuous Simulation Model for Small and Ungauged Basins) framework, a simplified continuous rainfall-runoff model specifically tailored for small and ungauged basins, can be applied in Ethiopia. Indeed, the minimal information available in the country are sufficient for applying such modeling approach, that can provide useful outputs for a variety of practical hydrological studies.
    Keywords basins ; hydrograph ; hydrologic models ; simulation models ; Ethiopia ; Small and ungauged basins ; Continuous modeling ; Event-based approach ; Design hydrographs ; Design simulation
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-08
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Use and reproduction
    ZDB-ID 2814784-4
    ISSN 2214-5818
    ISSN 2214-5818
    DOI 10.1016/j.ejrh.2022.101123
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Low-cost stage-camera system for continuous water-level monitoring in ephemeral streams

    Noto, Simone / Tauro, Flavia / Petroselli, Andrea / Apollonio, Ciro / Botter, Gianluca / Grimaldi, Salvatore

    Hydrological sciences journal. 2022 July 04, v. 67, no. 9

    2022  

    Abstract: Monitoring ephemeral and intermittent streams is a major challenge in hydrology. On-site inspections may be impractical in difficult-to-access environments. Motivated by the latest advancements in digital cameras and computer vision techniques, in this ... ...

    Abstract Monitoring ephemeral and intermittent streams is a major challenge in hydrology. On-site inspections may be impractical in difficult-to-access environments. Motivated by the latest advancements in digital cameras and computer vision techniques, in this work, we describe the development and application of a stage-camera system to monitor the water level in ungauged headwater streams. The system encompasses a consumer-grade wildlife camera with near-infrared (NIR) night vision capabilities and a white pole that serves as reference object in the collected images. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated through a set of benchmark experiments performed in natural settings. Maximum mean absolute errors between stage-camera and reference data are approximately equal to 2 cm in the worst scenario that corresponds to severe storms with intense rainfall and fog. Our preliminary results are encouraging and support the scalability of the stage-camera in future implementations in a wide range of natural settings.
    Keywords cameras ; computer vision ; night vision ; rain ; water ; wildlife
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0704
    Size p. 1439-1448.
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2150-3435
    DOI 10.1080/02626667.2022.2079415
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Book ; Conference proceedings: Novel insights in hydrological modelling

    Grimaldi, Salvatore

    [... several contibutions presented during the IV edition of the Workshop "New Frontiers in Hydrology" held in Rome in July 2009]

    (Advances in water resources : Special issue ; 33.2010,10)

    2010  

    Institution Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
    Event/congress Workshop New Frontiers in Hydrology (4, 2009.07, Rome)
    Author's details [organized by the National Research Council of Italy ...]. Guest ed. S. Grimaldi
    Series title Advances in water resources : Special issue ; 33.2010,10
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier
    Publishing place Amsterdam u.a.
    Document type Book ; Conference proceedings
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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  7. Article: Riparian vegetation as a marker for bankfull and management discharge evaluation: The case study of Rio Torbido river basin (central Italy)

    Apollonio, Ciro / Petroselli, Andrea / Cornelini, Paolo / Manzari, Vito / Preti, Federico / Grimaldi, Salvatore

    Journal of agricultural engineering. 2021 June 28, v. 52, no. 2

    2021  

    Abstract: Bankfull discharge estimation is a crucial step in river basin management. Such evaluation can be carried out using hydrological and hydraulic modelling to estimate flow-depths, flow velocities and flood prone areas related to a specific return period. ... ...

    Abstract Bankfull discharge estimation is a crucial step in river basin management. Such evaluation can be carried out using hydrological and hydraulic modelling to estimate flow-depths, flow velocities and flood prone areas related to a specific return period. However, different methodological approaches are described in the scientific literature. Such approaches are typically based either on the assumption that the bankfull discharge corresponds to a narrow range of return periods, or on the correlation to the river geomorphological or local descriptors, such as vegetation. In this study, we used high-resolution topographic data and a combined hydrological-hydraulic modelling approach in order to estimate bankfull discharge in the ungauged basin of Rio Torbido River (Central Italy). The field survey of plant species made it possible to investigate the link between the riparian areas and the bankfull discharge. Our results were in line with previous studies and showed a promising agreement between the results of the hydraulic modelling and the plant species present in the investigated river cross sections. The plant species position could be indeed used for a preliminary delineation of the riparian areas to be verified more deeply with the hydrological-hydraulic approach.
    Keywords basins ; case studies ; hydrology ; riparian vegetation ; rivers ; surveys ; topography ; watersheds ; Italy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0628
    Publishing place PAGEPress Publications
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1974-7071
    DOI 10.4081/jae.2021.1140
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Investigating runoff formation dynamics: field observations at Cape Fear experimental plot

    Petroselli, Andrea / Grimaldi, Salvatore / Tauro, Flavia

    Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2019 Nov., v. 191, no. 11

    2019  

    Abstract: In this paper, we explore the dynamics of surface runoff formation in an outdoor experimental plot, Cape Fear, by reporting the relationships among rainfall, runoff, and soil moisture for 101 rainfall-runoff events observed in the time span of more than ... ...

    Abstract In this paper, we explore the dynamics of surface runoff formation in an outdoor experimental plot, Cape Fear, by reporting the relationships among rainfall, runoff, and soil moisture for 101 rainfall-runoff events observed in the time span of more than five years (January 2014–March 2019). Cape Fear is a recently developed 7 × 7 m2 experimental plot that combines features from both small scale facilities and catchment-scale experimental hillslopes, thus leveraging observation of major hydrological variables at high temporal and spatial resolution. Despite the small dimension and simplicity of the plot, the relations among hydrological variables are unexpectedly quite spread. Experimental results seem to suggest that Cape Fear runoff response presents an increasing and non-linear relationship with rainfall, with a surface runoff coefficient increasing for higher rainfall. Direct runoff apparently increases with soil moisture, while initial abstraction seems not to be influenced by rainfall and is found to decrease with increasing soil moisture. Observations suggest that complex interactions between soil moisture conditions and rainfall pattern properties modulate the plot response.
    Keywords rain ; runoff ; soil water ; topographic slope
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-11
    Size p. 642.
    Publishing place Springer International Publishing
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 782621-7
    ISSN 1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
    ISSN (online) 1573-2959
    ISSN 0167-6369
    DOI 10.1007/s10661-019-7806-4
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Investigating runoff formation dynamics: field observations at Cape Fear experimental plot.

    Petroselli, Andrea / Tauro, Flavia / Grimaldi, Salvatore

    Environmental monitoring and assessment

    2019  Volume 191, Issue 11, Page(s) 642

    Abstract: In this paper, we explore the dynamics of surface runoff formation in an outdoor experimental plot, Cape Fear, by reporting the relationships among rainfall, runoff, and soil moisture for 101 rainfall-runoff events observed in the time span of more than ... ...

    Abstract In this paper, we explore the dynamics of surface runoff formation in an outdoor experimental plot, Cape Fear, by reporting the relationships among rainfall, runoff, and soil moisture for 101 rainfall-runoff events observed in the time span of more than five years (January 2014-March 2019). Cape Fear is a recently developed 7 × 7 m
    MeSH term(s) Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Hydrodynamics ; Italy ; Models, Theoretical ; Rain/chemistry ; Seasons ; Soil/chemistry ; Water Movements
    Chemical Substances Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 782621-7
    ISSN 1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
    ISSN (online) 1573-2959
    ISSN 0167-6369
    DOI 10.1007/s10661-019-7806-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Book ; Conference proceedings: Recent developments in hydrologics analysis

    Grimaldi, Salvatore

    [... Workshops "New Frontiers of Hydrology" ... the third Workshop was held in Princeton, New Jersey in USA in 2005]

    (Advances in water resources ; 30.2007,10)

    2007  

    Event/congress New frontiers of hydrology (3, 2005, PrincetonNJ)
    Author's details guest ed. S. Grimaldi
    Series title Advances in water resources ; 30.2007,10
    Language English
    Size S. 2059 - 2176, graph. Darst., Kt.
    Publisher Elsevier
    Publishing place Orlando, Fla. u.a.
    Document type Book ; Conference proceedings
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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