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Article ; Online: Arrivée du mépolizumab dans les syndromes hyperéosinophiliques : la position et les propositions du Centre de référence maladies rares des syndromes hyperéosinophiliques.

Kahn, J E / Lefèvre, G / Groh, M

2023 Volume 44, Issue 4, Page(s) 155–157

Title translation	Use of mepolizumab in hypereosinophilic syndromes: The position and proposals of the national reference center for hypereosinophilic syndromes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome/drug therapy ; Eosinophils
Chemical Substances	mepolizumab (90Z2UF0E52) ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
Language	French
Publishing date	2023-03-30
Publishing country	France
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	604679-4
ISSN	1768-3122 ; 0248-8663
ISSN (online)	1768-3122
ISSN	0248-8663
DOI	10.1016/j.revmed.2023.03.006
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Book ; Online: Identifying the Context Shift between Test Benchmarks and Production Data

Groh, Matthew

2022

Abstract: Across a wide variety of domains, there exists a performance gap between machine learning models' accuracy on dataset benchmarks and real-world production data. Despite the careful design of static dataset benchmarks to represent the real-world, models ... ...

Abstract	Across a wide variety of domains, there exists a performance gap between machine learning models' accuracy on dataset benchmarks and real-world production data. Despite the careful design of static dataset benchmarks to represent the real-world, models often err when the data is out-of-distribution relative to the data the models have been trained on. We can directly measure and adjust for some aspects of distribution shift, but we cannot address sample selection bias, adversarial perturbations, and non-stationarity without knowing the data generation process. In this paper, we outline two methods for identifying changes in context that lead to distribution shifts and model prediction errors: leveraging human intuition and expert knowledge to identify first-order contexts and developing dynamic benchmarks based on desiderata for the data generation process. Furthermore, we present two case-studies to highlight the implicit assumptions underlying applied machine learning models that tend to lead to errors when attempting to generalize beyond test benchmark datasets. By paying close attention to the role of context in each prediction task, researchers can reduce context shift errors and increase generalization performance.
Keywords	Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ; Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2022-07-03
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Thesis: Beurteilung der Knochenreparation nach Anwendung eines Proteinkomplex (Platelet-rich plasma) in Kombination mit Beta-Tricalciumphosphat-Keramik im Rahmen der Sinusbodenelevation

Groh, Michael

2004

Author's details	vorgelegt von Michael Groh
Language	German
Size	56 Bl., Ill., graph. Darst.
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Book ; Thesis
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	Erlangen, Nürnberg, Univ., Diss., 2004
HBZ-ID	HT016012387
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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2009 E 1645	order for loan	Magazin

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Article ; Online: Self-reported chronic conditions and COVID-19 public health measures among Canadian adults: an analysis of the Canadian longitudinal study on aging.

De Rubeis, V / Griffith, L E / Duncan, L / Jiang, Y / de Groh, M / Anderson, L N

Public health

2024 Volume 231, Page(s) 99–107

Abstract: Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, public health measures were used to reduce the spread of COVID-19; it is unknown whether people with chronic conditions differentially adhered to public health measures. The objectives of this study were to ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, public health measures were used to reduce the spread of COVID-19; it is unknown whether people with chronic conditions differentially adhered to public health measures. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the association between chronic conditions and adherence and to explore effect modification by sex, age, and income. Study design: An analysis of data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging COVID-19 Questionnaires (from April to September 2020) was conducted among middle-aged and older adults aged 50-96 years (n = 28,086). Methods: Self-reported chronic conditions included lung disease, diabetes, heart disease, cancer, obesity, anxiety, and depression. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between chronic conditions and low, medium, and high levels of adherence. Effect modification was evaluated using statistical interaction and stratification. Results: Most people (n = 17,435; 62%) had at least one chronic condition, and 2866 (10%) had three to seven chronic conditions. Among those with high adherence to public health measures, 69% had one or more chronic condition (n = 2266). Having three to seven chronic conditions, compared with none, was associated with higher adherence to public health measures (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.12-1.42). Higher adherence was also noted across chronic conditions, for example, those with diabetes had higher adherence (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.53-1.93). There was limited evidence of effect modification by sex, age, or income. Conclusions: Canadians with chronic conditions were more likely to adhere to public health measures; however, future research is needed to understand whether adherence helped to prevent adverse COVID-19 outcomes and if adherence had unintended consequences.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	427333-3
ISSN	1476-5616 ; 0033-3506
ISSN (online)	1476-5616
ISSN	0033-3506
DOI	10.1016/j.puhe.2024.03.015
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Book ; Thesis: Kombinierte morphologische und metabolische Bildgebung arteriosklerotischer Gefäßwandveränderungen mit der 18F-FDG-PET/CT

Groh, Maria

2011

Author's details	vorgelegt von Maria Groh
Language	German
Size	104 Bl. : graph. Darst.
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Book ; Thesis
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	Duisburg, Essen, Univ., Diss., 2012
HBZ-ID	HT017510634
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Article ; Online: Exploring differences in substance use behaviours among gender minority and non-gender minority youth: a cross-sectional analysis of the COMPASS study.

Varatharajan, Thepikaa / Patte, Karen A / de Groh, Margaret / Jiang, Ying / Leatherdale, Scott T

Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice

2024 Volume 44, Issue 4, Page(s) 179–190

Abstract: Introduction: Research characterizing substance use disparities between gender minority youth (GMY) and non-GMY (i.e. girls and boys) is limited. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in substance use behaviours among gender identity (GI) ...

Title translation	Exploration des différences dans les comportements liés à la consommation de substances chez les jeunes faisant partie de minorités de genre et les jeunes ne faisant pas partie de minorités de genre : analyse transversale de l’étude COMPASS.
Abstract	Introduction: Research characterizing substance use disparities between gender minority youth (GMY) and non-GMY (i.e. girls and boys) is limited. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in substance use behaviours among gender identity (GI) groups and identify associated risk and protective factors. Methods: Cross-sectional data from Canadian secondary school students (n = 42 107) that participated in Year 8 (2019/20) or Year 9 (2020/21) of the COMPASS study were used. Hierarchal logistic regression models estimated current substance use (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, binge drinking, cannabis and nonmedical prescription opioids [NMPOs]). Predictor variables included sociodemographics, other substances, mental health outcomes, school connectedness, bullying and happy home life. Interaction terms were used to test mental health measures as moderators in the association between GI and substance use. Results: Compared to non-GMY, GMY reported a higher prevalence for all substance use outcomes. In the adjusted analyses, GMY had higher odds of cigarette, cannabis and NMPO use and lower odds for e-cigarette use relative to non-GMY. The likelihood of using any given substance was higher among individuals who were involved with other substances. School connectedness and happy home life had a protective effect for all substances except binge drinking. Bullying victimization was associated with greater odds of cigarette, e-cigarette use and NMPOs. Significant interactions between GI and all mental health measures were detected. Conclusion: Findings highlight the importance of collecting a GI measure in youth population surveys and prioritizing GMY in substance use-related prevention, treatment and harm reduction programs. Future studies should investigate the effects of GI status on substance use onset and progression among Canadian adolescents over time.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Female ; Male ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Binge Drinking/epidemiology ; Canada/epidemiology ; Gender Identity ; Cannabis ; Analgesics, Opioid
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid
Language	French
Publishing date	2024-03-31
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2368-738X
ISSN (online)	2368-738X
DOI	10.24095/hpcdp.44.4.04
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Article ; Online: Maladie associée aux IgG4 : une maladie protéiforme aux manifestations thoraciques fréquentes.

Groh, M / Habert, P / Ebbo, M / Muller, R / Gaigne, L / Gaubert, J-Y / Schleinitz, N

Revue des maladies respiratoires

2023 Volume 40, Issue 9-10, Page(s) 768–782

Abstract: Introduction: While IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) was initially described in the early 2000s, its polymorphic clinical manifestations were previously reported under different names ; they have in common the presence of IgG4+ oligoclonal plasma cells ... ...

Title translation	IgG4-related disease: A proteiform pathology with frequent chest manifestations.
Abstract	Introduction: While IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) was initially described in the early 2000s, its polymorphic clinical manifestations were previously reported under different names ; they have in common the presence of IgG4+ oligoclonal plasma cells and fibrosis. State of the art: Ruling out certain differential diagnoses, the diagnosis of IgG4-RD is based on a bundle of clinical, biological and histological features. Chest involvement is variable and can affect the mediastinum, bronchi, parenchyma, pleura and/or, more rarely, bones and (pericardium, aorta, coronary…) vascular structures. The most frequent radiological manifestations are peribronchovascular thickening, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and nodular or interstitial patterns. Pleural involvement and posterior mediastinal fibrosis are less frequent, while thoracic paravertebral tissue thickening is highly specific. Systemic corticosteroids are the cornerstone of treatment. In case of relapse or as frontline therapy in case of risk factors for relapse and/or poor tolerance of corticosteroids), a steroid-sparing agent (most often rituximab) is added, and biannual maintenance infusions are associated with a lower risk of relapse. Perspectives: An international consensus has recently led to the development of classification criteria that should standardize the diagnostic approach and homogenize the enrolment of patients in epidemiological as well as therapeutic studies. Other treatments are also under evaluation, including biologics targeting T2 inflammation, CD-19 (inebilizumab, obexelimab), SLAMF7 (elotuzumab) surface proteins, Bruton's tyrosine kinase, and the JAK/STAT pathway. Conclusions: Substantial progress has been made over recent years in understanding IgG4-RD pathophysiology, and personalized patient care seems to be an achievable medium-term goal.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease/diagnosis ; Autoimmune Diseases/diagnosis ; Janus Kinases/therapeutic use ; STAT Transcription Factors/therapeutic use ; Signal Transduction ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use ; Fibrosis ; Recurrence
Chemical Substances	Janus Kinases (EC 2.7.10.2) ; STAT Transcription Factors ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Language	French
Publishing date	2023-10-17
Publishing country	France
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	605743-3
ISSN	1776-2588 ; 0301-0279 ; 0761-8425
ISSN (online)	1776-2588
ISSN	0301-0279 ; 0761-8425
DOI	10.1016/j.rmr.2023.10.001
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Zs.A 1945: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article: Analysing the Porosity Distribution in Stone Surfaces by Means of Unilateral NMR after Long-Term Outdoor Weathering.

Groh, Melanie / Orlowsky, Jeanette / Schulte Holthausen, Robert

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 15, Issue 13

Abstract: Porosity changes in the near-surface area of sandstones due to long-term weathering can produce deterioration. Therefore, porosity analyses on weathered sandstones are significant for detecting possible influences on the pore structure. Classical methods ...

Abstract	Porosity changes in the near-surface area of sandstones due to long-term weathering can produce deterioration. Therefore, porosity analyses on weathered sandstones are significant for detecting possible influences on the pore structure. Classical methods for determining the porosity and pore size distribution in sandstones can only investigate the entire sample volume. In contrast, in this publication, the porosity was analysed in 0.2 mm steps over a depth of 5 mm by means of single-sided NMR measurements on water-saturated sandstones under vacuum. Evaluations of Obernkirchener and Schleeriether Sandstones that were weathered outdoors in Germany for over 30 years are presented. The results showed that the water content in Vol.-% strongly correlated with the normalised NMR signal. The unweathered sandstones showed a uniform distribution of micro and capillary pores throughout the stone depth. As a result of 30 years of outdoor weathering, changes in the pore structure occurred at the sandstone surface due to weathering down to depths of about 0.6 mm. The porosity of the Schleeriether Sandstone samples, mainly the microporosity, clearly increased in this region. Due to the dominance of capillary pores in the Obernkirchener Sandstone, the changes were not as pronounced, but a shift towards smaller pores in the surface area was observable.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma15134604
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Article ; Online: Fast food consumption in adults living in Canada: alternative measurement methods, consumption choices, and correlates.

Seale, Emily / de Groh, Margaret / Greene-Finestone, Linda

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme

2022 Volume 48, Issue 2, Page(s) 163–171

Abstract: Global industries and technological advancements have contributed to the proliferation of fast food (FF) establishments and ultraprocessed food, associated with poorer diet quality and health outcomes. To investigate FF as an indicator, we compared ... ...

Abstract	Global industries and technological advancements have contributed to the proliferation of fast food (FF) establishments and ultraprocessed food, associated with poorer diet quality and health outcomes. To investigate FF as an indicator, we compared alternative methods to capture self-reported FF consumption and examined associated socio-demographic factors. We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2014-2015 Foodbook study, a cross-sectional survey on foods consumed by Canadians during the previous week. An embedded randomized design compared alternative FF intake questions of varying details. A total of 6062 participants aged 18+ were included, representing 24.7 million Canadian adults. Approximately 48% consumed FF in the past week, and of FF consumers, average frequency was twice. Asking broadly about FF intake without examples resulted in significantly lower reported FF intake compared with the two more detailed questions; the latter two were not significantly different. Burgers, pizza, and submarines/sandwiches were most commonly consumed. Men, younger age, higher BMI, women in central Canada (versus territorial regions), and men with income $30 000-$80 000 (versus >$80 000) were associated with higher FF consumption. Consumption of FF is common among Canadians; some associated factors are gender-specific. Further research examining FF as an indicator, and individual and societal implications of FF consumption, is recommended to inform programs and policies.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Canada ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Energy Intake ; Fast Foods ; Feeding Behavior ; Food, Processed ; Income
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-02
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2236708-1
ISSN	1715-5320 ; 1715-5312
ISSN (online)	1715-5320
ISSN	1715-5312
DOI	10.1139/apnm-2022-0252
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Article ; Online: The Canadian Environmental Quality Index (Can-EQI): Development and calculation of an index to assess spatial variation of environmental quality in Canada's 30 largest cities.

Davis, Zoë / de Groh, Margaret / Rainham, Daniel G

Environment international

2022 Volume 170, Page(s) 107633

Abstract: Background: Multiple characteristics of the urban environment have been shown to influence population health and health-related behaviours, though the distribution and combined effects of these characteristics on health is less understood. A composite ... ...

Abstract	Background: Multiple characteristics of the urban environment have been shown to influence population health and health-related behaviours, though the distribution and combined effects of these characteristics on health is less understood. A composite measure of multiple environmental conditions would allow for comparisons among different urban areas; however, this measure is not available in Canada. Objectives: To develop an index of environmental quality for Canada's largest urban areas and to assess the influence of population size on index values. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of potential datasets and consulted with experts to refine and select datasets for inclusion. We identified and selected nine datasets across five domains (outdoor air pollution, natural environments, built environments, radiation, and climate/weather). Datasets were chosen based on known impacts on human health across the life course, complete geographic coverage of the cities of interest, and temporal alignment with the 2016 Canadian census. Each dataset was then summarized into dissemination areas (DAs). The Canadian Environmental Quality Index (Can-EQI) was created by summing decile ranks of each variable based on hypothesized relationships to health outcomes. Results: We selected 30 cities with a population of more than 100,000 people which included 28,026 DAs and captured approximately 55% of the total Canadian population. Can-EQI scores ranged from 21.1 to 88.9 out of 100, and in Canada's largest cities were 10.2 (95% CI: -10.7, -9.7) points lower than the smallest cities. Mapping the Can-EQI revealed high geographic variability within and between cities. Discussion: Our work demonstrates a valuable methodology for exploring variations in environmental conditions in Canada's largest urban areas and provides a means for exploring the role of environmental factors in explaining urban health inequalities and disparities. Additionally, the Can-EQI may be of value to municipal planners and decision makers considering the allocation of investments to improve urban conditions.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Canada ; Cities ; Censuses
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-15
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2022.107633
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