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  1. AU="Grzegorz Zaguła"
  2. AU="Ong, Pio"
  3. AU="Fefelova, Elena A"
  4. AU=Hamid Husnain
  5. AU=Joske David J L

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  1. Artikel ; Online: Oak Biomass in the Form of Wood, Bark, Brushwood, Leaves and Acorns in the Production Process of Multifunctional Biochar

    Bogdan Saletnik / Aneta Saletnik / Grzegorz Zaguła / Marcin Bajcar / Czesław Puchalski

    Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 7191, p

    2022  Band 7191

    Abstract: Biochar from forest biomass and its remains has become an essential material for environmental engineering, and is used in the environment to restore or improve soil function and its fertility, where it changes the chemical, physical and biological ... ...

    Abstract Biochar from forest biomass and its remains has become an essential material for environmental engineering, and is used in the environment to restore or improve soil function and its fertility, where it changes the chemical, physical and biological processes. The article presents the research results on the opportunity to use the pyrolysis process to receive multifunctional biochar materials from oak biomass. It was found that biochars obtained from oak biomass at 450 and 500 °C for 10 min were rich in macronutrients. The greatest variety of the examined elements was characterized by oak-leaf pyrolysate, and high levels of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, P, S, Na were noticed. Pyrolysates from acorns were high in Fe, K, P and S. Oak bark biochars were rich in Ca, Fe, S and contained nitrogen. In addition, biomass pyrolysis has been found to improve energy parameters and does not increase the dust explosion hazard class. The oak biomass pyrolytic at 450 and 500 °C after 10 min increases its caloric content for all samples tested by at least 50%. The highest caloric value among the raw biomass tested was observed in oak bark: 19.93 MJ kg −1 and oak branches: 19.23 MJ kg −1 . The mean and highest recorded K st max were 94.75 and 94.85 bar s −1 , respectively. It can be concluded that pyrolysis has the potential to add value to regionally available oak biomass. The results described in this work provide a basis for subsequent, detailed research to obtain desired knowledge about the selection of the composition, purpose, and safety rules of production, storage, transport and use of biochar materials.
    Schlagwörter multifunctional biochar ; pyrolysis ; oak biomass ; explosibility ; macro- and micronutrients ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 333
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Application of Calcium Citrate in the Manufacture of Acid Rennet Cheese Produced from High-Heat-Treated Goat’s Milk from Spring and Autumn Season

    Małgorzata Pawlos / Agata Znamirowska-Piotrowska / Magdalena Kowalczyk / Grzegorz Zaguła

    Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 5523, p

    2022  Band 5523

    Abstract: The stability of milk proteins is affected by changes in the pH value of milk, the heating temperature, and the addition of calcium compounds or chelating agents, which can cause alterations in calcium distribution. The purpose of this study was to ... ...

    Abstract The stability of milk proteins is affected by changes in the pH value of milk, the heating temperature, and the addition of calcium compounds or chelating agents, which can cause alterations in calcium distribution. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of the use of calcium citrate to manufacture fresh acid rennet cheese from high-temperature-pasteurized goat’s milk (90 °C, 15 s) from the spring and autumn season and the effect of the calcium dose used on the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of the cheese. Autumn milk was found to be a richer source of total solids, confirming the effect of the production season on milk quality. The applied doses of calcium did not cause the denaturation of goat milk proteins and allowed pasteurization to take place at 90 °C for 15 s. The addition of calcium citrate resulted in a significant increase in the pH value of milk and cheese compared to the control sample. Adding 15 and 20 mg of Ca 100 g −1 to milk as citrate had the most beneficial effect on increasing protein retention in cheese in both seasons, showing a rise from 1.33% to 2.40%. The production season significantly influenced the cheese yield. The control goat cheese from the autumn season showed a 6.85% higher yield compared to the spring cheese. An increase in cheese yield was also observed as the calcium dose of milk increased. The content of micro- and microelements in cheese was affected by the production season. The addition of calcium citrate to milk resulted in a significant increase in the calcium content of cheese—from 120.83 to 147.45 mg 100 g −1 in the spring season and from 130.66 to 151.21 mg 100 g −1 in the autumn season. Increasing the dose of calcium increased the hardness of cheese samples by 1.37 N in the spring and 0.90 N in the autumn. The organoleptic evaluation showed that adding calcium to milk did not significantly affect the organoleptic characteristics of goat cheese.
    Schlagwörter goat’s milk ; pasteurization ; fermentation ; cheese ; acid rennet coagulation ; calcium ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  3. Artikel ; Online: The Impact of a Pulsed Light Stream on the Quality and Durability of the Cold-Stored Longissimus Dorsal Muscle of Pigs

    Paulina Duma-Kocan / Mariusz Rudy / Marian Gil / Renata Stanisławczyk / Jagoda Żurek / Grzegorz Zaguła

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 20, Iss 4063, p

    2023  Band 4063

    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pulsed light application (exposure to a pulsed light beam (PL) of 400 Hz for a period of 60 s, with an energy dose of 600 mW and wavelengths of 660 and 405 nm) on the physicochemical, ... ...

    Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pulsed light application (exposure to a pulsed light beam (PL) of 400 Hz for a period of 60 s, with an energy dose of 600 mW and wavelengths of 660 and 405 nm) on the physicochemical, technological, and sensory properties, as well as the nutritional value and shelf life of cold-storage pig longissimus dorsi muscle. Each muscle was divided into six parts, three of which were control samples, and the rest were exposed to pulsed light. The detailed laboratory tests of the meat were conducted 1, 7, and 10 days after slaughter. The meat was cold stored at +3 °C ± 0.5 °C. The study showed that the application of pulsed light has a favorable effect on lowering the TBARS index, oxidation-reduction potential, and water activity values. In addition, the application of PL had no statistically significant effect on the variation in the perception of selected sensory characteristics of meat. Furthermore, PL processing, as a low-energy-intensive method that can be environmentally friendly and thus have a large potential for implementation, is an innovative way to extend the shelf life, especially of raw meat, without a negative impact on its quality. This is of particular importance for food security (especially in the quantitative and qualitative aspects of food, but also in terms of food safety).
    Schlagwörter meat quality ; pulsed light ; food security ; physicochemical and technological properties ; food safety ; Medicine ; R
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  4. Artikel ; Online: Ascophyllum nodosum Application and Pre-Sowing Stimulation with Low-Frequency Magnetic Field as Factors Influencing Oat Grains ( Avena sativa L.) Composition

    Barbara Drygaś / Joanna Depciuch / Grzegorz Zaguła / Czesław Puchalski

    Agronomy, Vol 10, Iss 1164, p

    2020  Band 1164

    Abstract: In this study, we tested the influence of two experimental factors on the composition of oat grain Avena sativa under the conditions of a three-year field study. The first factor (factor A) consisted of an Ascophyllum nodosum application, an organism ... ...

    Abstract In this study, we tested the influence of two experimental factors on the composition of oat grain Avena sativa under the conditions of a three-year field study. The first factor (factor A) consisted of an Ascophyllum nodosum application, an organism classified in the Chromista kingdom, class Phaeophyceae, order Fucales; the second factor was the pre-sowing stimulation of seeds with a low-frequency magnetic field with known parameters. The basic organic components and mineral composition of the grain were tested. It was determined, among other things, that fertilization with algae leads to reduced ash content in oat grain, increased content of sodium, reduced calcium and iron content, and increased content of starch components (amyloses and amylopectins). The application of pre-sowing seed stimulation resulted in increased copper content in the progeny. No significant interactions could be observed between the factors in forming the chemical composition of oat grain.
    Schlagwörter Ascophyllum nodosum ; algae ; oat ; magnetic field ; crop ; Agriculture ; S
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  5. Artikel ; Online: Analysis of the Effect of the Biomass Torrefaction Process on Selected Parameters of Dust Explosivity

    Marcin Bajcar / Bogdan Saletnik / Grzegorz Zaguła / Czesław Puchalski

    Molecules, Vol 25, Iss 3525, p

    2020  Band 3525

    Abstract: This article presents the findings of a study investigating the explosion and combustion parameters of dust from the raw biomass of wheat straw and energy willow and from the products of biomass torrefaction generated at temperatures ranging from 220 to ... ...

    Abstract This article presents the findings of a study investigating the explosion and combustion parameters of dust from the raw biomass of wheat straw and energy willow and from the products of biomass torrefaction generated at temperatures ranging from 220 to 300 °C. Agricultural waste and energy crops and their modifications, e.g., in the torrefaction process, did not find a place in explosive risk research, which the authors decided to present in their work. The study was designed to estimate explosion hazard during the processing of the materials into fuels and during the storage process. The measurements recorded a maximum explosion pressure P max in the case of dust from biomass ranging from 7.2 to 7.3 bar and for dust from torrefied materials amounting to 7.5–9.2 bar, and a maximum rate of pressure rise over time ( dp/dt ) max in raw biomass ranging from 201.4 to 261.3 bar/s and in torrefied materials amounting to 209.6–296.6 bar/s. The estimated explosion index K st max for raw biomass was 55–72 m*bar/s and for torrefied materials was in the range from 57 to 81 m*bar/s. In the results, the authors present values for specific types of fuel which differ significantly depending on the type of biomass. The research findings show that the torrefaction process used in fuel production is not associated with a significantly greater risk of explosion and the materials obtained may safely be used as an alternative to conventional solid fuels. Given the growing interest in the use of biomass and in the variety of biomass processing methods for energy-related purposes, it seems there is a need for research to develop appropriate guidelines and for effective practices to be introduced in the energy industry in order to ensure the safety of the processes used in the production of novel fuels especially in small installations converting these materials into more efficient energy material.
    Schlagwörter lignocellulosic biomass ; torrefaction ; explosivity ; dust ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 660
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  6. Artikel ; Online: Assessment of the Botanical Origin of Polish Honeys Based on Physicochemical Properties and Bioactive Components with Chemometric Analysis

    Maria Tarapatskyy / Patrycja Sowa / Grzegorz Zaguła / Małgorzata Dżugan / Czesław Puchalski

    Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 4801, p

    2021  Band 4801

    Abstract: Is it possible to characterize the types of honey based on their chemical composition, their content of bioactive substances, and their physicochemical properties? The objective of this study was a comparative analysis of four types of honey from the ... ...

    Abstract Is it possible to characterize the types of honey based on their chemical composition, their content of bioactive substances, and their physicochemical properties? The objective of this study was a comparative analysis of four types of honey from the Carpathian Foothills area, located in south-east Poland, based on the content of the main phenolic acids and proline, the mineral composition, and selected physicochemical properties. Most analyses, such as those of phenolic acids, sugars, and proline content, in honey samples were performed using chromatographic methods. These experiments demonstrated that honeydew honeys were the richest in phenolic acids, minerals, as well as oligosaccharides, compared to other honeys. Dark-colored honeys were characterized by the highest proline content. The dominant elements in all types of honey were potassium and calcium. The results of the present study show that analyses of specific phenolic acids, minerals, proline, and sugar content, in combination with chemometrics analysis, may successfully differentiate between the biological origins of honey samples and allow the preliminary verification of the samples before performing time-consuming pollen analysis.
    Schlagwörter honey ; bioactive compounds ; proline ; minerals ; chemometrics ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 540
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  7. Artikel ; Online: Preliminary Research on the Influence of a Pulsed Magnetic Field on the Cationic Profile of Sunflower, Cress, and Radish Sprouts and on Their Germination Rate

    Grzegorz Zaguła / Bogdan Saletnik / Marcin Bajcar / Aneta Saletnik / Czesław Puchalski

    Applied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 9678, p

    2021  Band 9678

    Abstract: Magnetic stimulation of seeds before sowing can have a significant impact on the speed of their germination. Sprouts are sought after by consumers for their high nutrient content. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of a pulsed ... ...

    Abstract Magnetic stimulation of seeds before sowing can have a significant impact on the speed of their germination. Sprouts are sought after by consumers for their high nutrient content. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of a pulsed magnetic field on the dynamics of seed germination and on the content of ions in sunflower, cress, and radish sprouts. The research material in the experiment was provided by seeds of sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.), garden cress ( Lepidium sativum L.), and garden radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) intended for sprouting, which were supplied by PNOS Ożarów Mazowiecki. The research methods involved germinating seeds under strictly defined conditions for 14 days. Then, the mineral composition of the previously mineralised sprout material was determined using emission spectrometry on a ICP-OES iCAP Duo 6500 Termo spectrometer. Greater dynamics of germination were noted in the first half of the growth period in seeds stimulated with a pulsed magnetic field with the parameters 100 µT and 100 Hz. However, the application of the magnetic field produced no increase in the capacity of the seeds to germinate. The research showed an increase in the content of macronutrients in sprouts, such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and sulphur. In the case of the field with parameters of 100 µT and 200 Hz, the effect was similar for both the germination percentage and the accumulation of macronutrients. However, in the case of both frequencies of magnetic field applied, the effect on individual plant seed species was different. Pre-sowing stimulation of seeds with a pulsed magnetic field may affect the rate of seed germination and the content of ions in the sprouts; however, these effects vary in individual plant matrices.
    Schlagwörter sprouts ; stimulation with a pulsed magnetic field ; micro and macro components ; ICP-OES ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 530
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  8. Artikel ; Online: Method for Prolonging the Shelf Life of Apples after Storage

    Bogdan Saletnik / Grzegorz Zaguła / Aneta Saletnik / Marcin Bajcar / Ewelina Słysz / Czesław Puchalski

    Applied Sciences, Vol 12, Iss 3975, p

    2022  Band 3975

    Abstract: This study investigated the effects of the use of low magnetic fields as a potential method for improving the quality of apples after storage. The fruit were exposed to 100 μT magnetic fields for 8 h per day and kept for a period of two weeks in room ... ...

    Abstract This study investigated the effects of the use of low magnetic fields as a potential method for improving the quality of apples after storage. The fruit were exposed to 100 μT magnetic fields for 8 h per day and kept for a period of two weeks in room conditions. The results showed that the samples that were treated with a magnetic field generally had a higher value ratio of total soluble solid and titratable acidity compared to the untreated samples, which indicated their higher quality. Continuous treatment with a magnetic field influenced the mechanical properties of apples, as demonstrated by the greater firmness, lower weight loss and suppressed CO 2 production of the apples that were stored in room conditions. After the treatment of the apples, a new product was produced with greater firmness, higher quality potential (the ratio of total soluble solid and titratable acidity) and an extended shelf life/lower respiration rate. Therefore, treatment with a magnetic field can be used to extend the shelf life of apples and needs to be demonstrated by further investigations.
    Schlagwörter magnetic fields ; quality parameters ; firmness ; total soluble solid ; titratable acidity ; dry matter ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 620
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  9. Artikel ; Online: The Use of HPTLC and SDS-PAGE Methods for Coniferous Honeydew Honey Fingerprinting Compiled with Mineral Content and Antioxidant Activity

    Monika Tomczyk / Aleksandra Bocian / Ewelina Sidor / Michał Miłek / Grzegorz Zaguła / Małgorzata Dżugan

    Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 720, p

    2022  Band 720

    Abstract: Fir honeydew honey is a uniquely beneficial product which is often subjected to adulteration; however, pollen analysis is not useful to verify this honey type. Fourteen samples of EU protected designation of origin fir honeydew honey gathered directly ... ...

    Abstract Fir honeydew honey is a uniquely beneficial product which is often subjected to adulteration; however, pollen analysis is not useful to verify this honey type. Fourteen samples of EU protected designation of origin fir honeydew honey gathered directly from apiaries were studied. Standards of legal requirements and additional parameters, i.e., specific optical rotation, mineral content, and antioxidant activity, were tested. Five nectar honeys of different varieties were used as a comparative material. HPTLC and SDS-PAGE methods were used to fingerprint the honey types. All honeys tested fulfilled the quality requirements in terms of water content, pH, total acidity, conductivity, HMF, and diastase number. They were defined as dark amber on the Pfund scale and exhibited positive specific rotation (+2.5 to 25). Honeydew honey surpassed the tested nectar honeys in terms of mineral content and antioxidant activity as well as total polyphenolic content, except for buckwheat honey. The sugar and polyphenolic profile obtained by HPTLC allowed to distinguish honeydew from nectar honeys. The same was achieved by SDS-PAGE protein profiling. Both techniques seem to be cheap and quick tools for precisely distinguishing honeydew honey.
    Schlagwörter honeydew honey ; sugars ; polyphenols ; protein ; antioxidant activity ; authenticity ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  10. Artikel ; Online: Nutritional, Antioxidant and Sensory Characteristics of Bread Enriched with Wholemeal Flour from Slovakian Black Oat Varieties

    Eva Ivanišová / Matej Čech / Peter Hozlár / Grzegorz Zaguła / Dorota Gumul / Olga Grygorieva / Agnieszka Makowska / Przemysław Łukasz Kowalczewski

    Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 4485, p

    2023  Band 4485

    Abstract: This paper is a report on the nutritional composition (dry matter, total protein, fat, crude fibre, ash, β -glucan content, and selected mineral compounds), antioxidant (antioxidant activity with the DPPH method and total anthocyanin content), physical ... ...

    Abstract This paper is a report on the nutritional composition (dry matter, total protein, fat, crude fibre, ash, β -glucan content, and selected mineral compounds), antioxidant (antioxidant activity with the DPPH method and total anthocyanin content), physical properties, and sensory profiles of prepared bread enriched with black oat flours (variety Norik and Hucul ) in amounts of 3, 6, and 9%. In the enriched breads (especially with 9% addition), there was a significantly higher ( p < 0.05) content of protein (~13.00%), fat (~1.35%), crude fibre (~0.55%), ash (~1.25%), and β -glucan (~0.17%) with comparison to the control bread (12.01%; 0.87%; 0.47%; 0.92%; 0.07%, respectively). Among mineral compounds, the amount of manganese (~73.00 mg/100 g), iron (~45.00 mg/100 g), and calcium (~40.00 mg/100 g) were the highest in enriched breads with 9% of oat flours. In the case of antioxidant potential and total anthocyanin content, the same tendency was observed, and the values obtained were the highest in the case of 9% addition, especially with the Hucul variety (1.98 mg TEAC/g; 21.01 µg/g). The sensory properties of the prepared enriched breads were overall evaluated as good with the best score in smell, taste, colour, and properties of bread crumb (soft and flexible) compared to the control sample. Consumption of enriched breads with black oat can also increase the assortment of bakery products in markets, which is now popular for consumers.
    Schlagwörter bakery products ; cereals ; health benefits ; mineral composition ; anthocyanins ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 630
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag MDPI AG
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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