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  1. Article ; Online: A piezoelectric-driven nanoindentation system for scanning electron microscope with improved analog compensation method.

    Gu, Sen

    The Review of scientific instruments

    2024  Volume 95, Issue 2

    Abstract: This paper presents a novel piezoelectric-driven nanoindentation system for a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an improved analog compensation (IAC) method. This system mainly consists of a piezoelectric-driven indenter head, a rectangle-shaped ... ...

    Abstract This paper presents a novel piezoelectric-driven nanoindentation system for a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an improved analog compensation (IAC) method. This system mainly consists of a piezoelectric-driven indenter head, a rectangle-shaped transducer, and a nanopositioner module. Compared with the state-of-the-art piezoelectric-driven nanoindentation system with a circle-shaped transducer, the proposed nanoindentation system is capable of multi-direction operation inside a SEM with a rectangle-shaped transducer. Self-matched semiconductor strain gauges are selected as the position sensor for the piezoelectric-actuator. The Wheatstone bridge output voltage cannot achieve a zero temperature coefficient because the temperature coefficients of self-matched semiconductor strain gauge pairs become significantly different from each other after installation in practice. An IAC method is proposed to compensate the temperature coefficients further. Compared with the existing analog compensation method, the IAC method solves the problem of amplifier saturation and improves the sensitivity of the self-matched semiconductor strain gauge pairs position sensor by 27%. The multi-direction operation results inside a standard SEM HITACHI SU5000 validate the advantage of the developed nanoindentation system.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209865-9
    ISSN 1089-7623 ; 0034-6748
    ISSN (online) 1089-7623
    ISSN 0034-6748
    DOI 10.1063/5.0180784
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Online: Precise Point Positioning with GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, and Galileo

    Gu, Shengfeng / Gong, Xiaopeng / Lou, Yidong / Shi, Chuang

    2023  

    Keywords Research & information: general ; Geography ; multi-GNSS ; precise point positioning (PPP) ; BDS ; GPS ; GLONASS
    Language English
    Size 1 electronic resource (194 pages)
    Publisher MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publishing place Basel
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English
    HBZ-ID HT030645582
    ISBN 9783036589879 ; 3036589872
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  3. Book ; Online: Mutual Enhancement of Large Language and Reinforcement Learning Models through Bi-Directional Feedback Mechanisms

    Gu, Shangding

    A Case Study

    2024  

    Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities for reinforcement learning (RL) models, such as planning and reasoning capabilities. However, the problems of LLMs and RL model collaboration still need to be solved. In this study, ... ...

    Abstract Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities for reinforcement learning (RL) models, such as planning and reasoning capabilities. However, the problems of LLMs and RL model collaboration still need to be solved. In this study, we employ a teacher-student learning framework to tackle these problems, specifically by offering feedback for LLMs using RL models and providing high-level information for RL models with LLMs in a cooperative multi-agent setting. Within this framework, the LLM acts as a teacher, while the RL model acts as a student. The two agents cooperatively assist each other through a process of recursive help, such as "I help you help I help." The LLM agent supplies abstract information to the RL agent, enabling efficient exploration and policy improvement. In turn, the RL agent offers feedback to the LLM agent, providing valuable, real-time information that helps generate more useful tokens. This bi-directional feedback loop promotes optimization, exploration, and mutual improvement for both agents, enabling them to accomplish increasingly challenging tasks. Remarkably, we propose a practical algorithm to address the problem and conduct empirical experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of our method.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2024-01-12
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Book ; Online: LLMs as Potential Brainstorming Partners for Math and Science Problems

    Gu, Sophia

    2023  

    Abstract: With the recent rise of widely successful deep learning models, there is emerging interest among professionals in various math and science communities to see and evaluate the state-of-the-art models' abilities to collaborate on finding or solving ... ...

    Abstract With the recent rise of widely successful deep learning models, there is emerging interest among professionals in various math and science communities to see and evaluate the state-of-the-art models' abilities to collaborate on finding or solving problems that often require creativity and thus brainstorming. While a significant chasm still exists between current human-machine intellectual collaborations and the resolution of complex math and science problems, such as the six unsolved Millennium Prize Problems, our initial investigation into this matter reveals a promising step towards bridging the divide. This is due to the recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs). More specifically, we conduct comprehensive case studies to explore both the capabilities and limitations of the current state-of-the-art LLM, notably GPT-4, in collective brainstorming with humans.
    Keywords Computer Science - Computation and Language
    Publishing date 2023-10-10
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Book ; Online: Automated Testing for Text-to-Image Software

    Gu, Siqi

    2023  

    Abstract: Recently, creative generative artificial intelligence software has emerged as a pivotal assistant, enabling users to generate content and seek inspiration rapidly. Text-to-image (T2I) software, being one of the most widely used among them, is used to ... ...

    Abstract Recently, creative generative artificial intelligence software has emerged as a pivotal assistant, enabling users to generate content and seek inspiration rapidly. Text-to-image (T2I) software, being one of the most widely used among them, is used to synthesize images with simple text input by engaging in a cross-modal process. However, despite substantial advancements in several fields, T2I software often encounters defects and erroneous, including omitting focal entities, low image realism, and mismatched text-image information. The cross-modal nature of T2I software makes it challenging for traditional testing methods to detect defects. Lacking test oracles further increases the complexity of testing. To address this deficiency, we propose ACTesting, an Automated Cross-modal Testing Method of Text-to-Image software, the first testing method designed specifically for T2I software. We construct test samples based on entities and relationship triples following the fundamental principle of maintaining consistency in the semantic information to overcome the cross-modal matching challenges. To address the issue of testing oracle scarcity, we first design the metamorphic relation for T2I software and implement three types of mutation operators guided by adaptability density. In the experiment, we conduct ACTesting on four widely-used T2I software. The results show that ACTesting can generate error-revealing tests, reducing the text-image consistency by up to 20% compared with the baseline. We also conduct the ablation study that effectively showcases the efficacy of each mutation operator, based on the proposed metamorphic relation. The results demonstrate that ACTesting can identify abnormal behaviors of T2I software effectively.
    Keywords Computer Science - Software Engineering
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2023-12-20
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Acupuncture and Doxylamine-Pyridoxine for Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy.

    Fan, Arthur Yin / Gu, Sherman

    Annals of internal medicine

    2024  Volume 177, Issue 2, Page(s) eL230425

    MeSH term(s) Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Doxylamine/therapeutic use ; Pyridoxine/therapeutic use ; Vomiting/drug therapy ; Nausea/drug therapy ; Drug Combinations ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy ; Antiemetics/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Doxylamine (95QB77JKPL) ; Pyridoxine (KV2JZ1BI6Z) ; Drug Combinations ; Antiemetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/L23-0425
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ua VI Zs.178/2: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  7. Article ; Online: Effectiveness of music therapy in enhancing empathy and emotional recognition in adolescents with intellectual disabilities.

    Huang, Chun / Gu, Shengyu

    Acta psychologica

    2024  Volume 243, Page(s) 104152

    Abstract: Music therapy has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating symptoms of mental disorders, prompting an investigation into its impact on emotion regulation and empathy levels in adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities. This study involved 120 ... ...

    Abstract Music therapy has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating symptoms of mental disorders, prompting an investigation into its impact on emotion regulation and empathy levels in adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities. This study involved 120 adolescents diagnosed with mild intellectual disabilities, divided into experimental and control groups. The research evaluated empathy levels and the ability to recognize emotions using photographs and pictograms before and after the experiment. Significant improvements were noted in the experimental group, particularly in empathy towards elderly individuals (p ≤ 0.05), strangers (p ≤ 0.05), cartoon and video characters (p ≤ 0.05), and animals (p ≤ 0.05). Music therapy proved effective in enhancing empathy towards peers (p ≤ 0.01), strangers (p ≤ 0.05), elderly individuals (p ≤ 0.05), animals (p ≤ 0.05), and cartoon characters (p ≤ 0.05). Limited changes were observed in the control group, primarily in the category of empathy towards strangers (p ≤ 0.05). The study suggests music therapy as a recommendable intervention for adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities, enhancing their ability to recognize diverse emotions. The study significantly contributes to the theoretical understanding of music therapy's role in emotional development among adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities, highlighting the nuanced influence of music selection on therapeutic outcomes. The study acknowledges and briefly discusses the ethical considerations involved in conducting research with adolescents, emphasizing the importance of ethical guidelines in working with vulnerable populations.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Aged ; Empathy ; Intellectual Disability/therapy ; Intellectual Disability/psychology ; Music Therapy ; Emotions/physiology ; Emotional Regulation ; Music
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1480049-4
    ISSN 1873-6297 ; 0001-6918
    ISSN (online) 1873-6297
    ISSN 0001-6918
    DOI 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104152
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The Optimal Suture Bite Depth in Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty: A Comparative Study in Children.

    Gu, Shaodong / Luo, Hong

    Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1381909-4
    ISSN 1557-9034 ; 1092-6429
    ISSN (online) 1557-9034
    ISSN 1092-6429
    DOI 10.1089/lap.2023.0434
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3246: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  9. Article ; Online: BAGAIL: Multi-modal imitation learning from imbalanced demonstrations.

    Gu, Sijia / Zhu, Fei

    Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society

    2024  Volume 174, Page(s) 106251

    Abstract: Expert demonstrations in imitation learning often contain different behavioral modes, e.g., driving modes such as driving on the left, keeping the lane, and driving on the right in the driving tasks. Although most existing multi-modal imitation learning ... ...

    Abstract Expert demonstrations in imitation learning often contain different behavioral modes, e.g., driving modes such as driving on the left, keeping the lane, and driving on the right in the driving tasks. Although most existing multi-modal imitation learning methods allow learning from demonstrations of multiple modes, they have strict constraints on the data of each mode, generally requiring a near data ratio of all modes. Otherwise, it tends to fall into a mode collapse or only learn the data distribution of the mode that has the largest data volume. To address the problem, an algorithm that balances real-fake loss and classification loss by modifying the output of the discriminator, referred to as BAlanced Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning (BAGAIL), is proposed. With this modification, the generator is only rewarded for generating real trajectories with correct modes. BAGAIL is therefore able to deal with imbalanced expert demonstrations and carry out efficient learning for each mode. The learning process of BAGAIL is divided into a pre-training stage and an imitation learning stage. During the pre-training stage, BAGAIL initializes the generator parameters by means of conditional Behavioral Cloning, laying the foundation for the direction of parameter optimization. During the imitation learning stage, BAGAIL optimizes the parameters by using the adversary between the generator and the modified discriminator so that the finally obtained policy can successfully learn the distribution of imbalanced expert data. The experiments showed that BAGAIL accurately distinguished different behavioral modes with imbalanced demonstrations. What is more, the learning result of each mode is close to the expert standard and more stable than other multi-modal imitation learning methods.
    MeSH term(s) Imitative Behavior ; Learning ; Algorithms ; Policy ; Reward
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 740542-x
    ISSN 1879-2782 ; 0893-6080
    ISSN (online) 1879-2782
    ISSN 0893-6080
    DOI 10.1016/j.neunet.2024.106251
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2365: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  10. Article: Lanthanide-Loaded Nanoparticles as Potential Fluorescent and Mass Probes for High-Content Protein Analysis

    Ngamcherdtrakul, Worapol / Goodyear, Shaun / Gu, Shenda / Yantasee, Wassana

    Bioengineering, 6(1):23

    2019  

    Abstract: Multiparametric and high-content protein analysis of single cells or tissues cannot be accomplished with the currently available flow cytometry or imaging techniques utilizing fluorophore-labelled antibodies, because the number of spectrally resolvable ... ...

    Abstract Multiparametric and high-content protein analysis of single cells or tissues cannot be accomplished with the currently available flow cytometry or imaging techniques utilizing fluorophore-labelled antibodies, because the number of spectrally resolvable fluorochromes is limited. In contrast, mass cytometry can resolve more signals by exploiting lanthanide-tagged antibodies; however, only about 100 metal reporters can be attached to an antibody molecule. This makes the sensitivity of lanthanide-tagged antibodies substantially lower than fluorescent reporters. A new probe that can carry more lanthanide molecules per antibody is a desirable way to enhance the sensitivity needed for the detection of protein with low cellular abundance. Herein, we report on the development of new probes utilizing mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) with hydroxyl, amine, or phosphonate functional groups. The phosphonated MSNPs proved to be best at loading lanthanides for up to 1.4 × 106 molecules per particle, and could be loaded with various lanthanide elements (Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, and Lu) at relatively similar molar extents. The modified MSNPs can also load a fluorescent dye, allowing bimodal mass and fluorescence-based detection. We achieved specificity of antibody-conjugated nanoparticles (at 1.4 × 103 antibodies per nanoparticle) for targeting proteins on the cell surface. The new materials can potentially be used as mass cytometry probes and provide a method for simultaneous monitoring of a large host of factors comprising the tumor microenvironment (e.g., extracellular matrix, cancer cells, and immune cells). These novel probes may also benefit personalized medicine by allowing for high-throughput analysis of multiple proteins in the same specimen.
    Keywords lanthanide ; imaging probe ; mass cytometry ; nanoparticle ; protein analysis
    Language English
    Document type Article
    Database Repository for Life Sciences

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