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Article ; Online: Barreras y propuestas para el abordaje sanitario de la trata con fines de explotación sexual

Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno / Isabel Ruiz-Pérez / Luis Sordo

Gaceta Sanitaria, Vol 37, Iss , Pp 102333- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Resumen: Objetivo: Explorar la percepción de la trata de mujeres con fines de explotación sexual, identificar las dificultades y recoger las propuestas de profesionales en contacto directo con las víctimas en Andalucía. Método: Estudio cualitativo basado ...

Abstract	Resumen: Objetivo: Explorar la percepción de la trata de mujeres con fines de explotación sexual, identificar las dificultades y recoger las propuestas de profesionales en contacto directo con las víctimas en Andalucía. Método: Estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas a 10 informantes clave seleccionados en entidades de apoyo y atención a víctimas de trata de mujeres con fines de explotación sexual en 2021. Dos investigadoras llevaron a cabo un análisis de contenido categórico temático. Se analizaron tres temas con diferentes subtemas. Resultados: Se han identificado dificultades relacionadas con las mujeres (tardan en reconocerse como víctimas, diferencias culturales, desconfianza en el sistema), con los traficantes (modificación de estrategias), con profesionales de la salud (falta de sensibilidad y poca homogeneidad en las actuaciones) y con el sistema sanitario (ausencia de intermediación cultural, complejidad administrativa). Las personas informantes clave proponen una mayor capacitación de profesionales, el empleo de protocolos de actuación efectivos y una mejor coordinación entre instituciones. Conclusiones: El sector sanitario enfrenta diversos desafíos para dar una respuesta integral y efectiva a la trata de mujeres con fines de explotación sexual. Se requieren mejoras en la sensibilización de profesionales de la salud, el desarrollo de protocolos estandarizados, una mayor colaboración entre sectores, la provisión de servicios especializados en salud mental y una mediación cultural eficaz. Abstract: Objective: To examine the perception of the trafficking in women for sexual exploitation, identify the difficulties and collect the proposals of professionals in direct contact with the victims of trafficking in women for sexual exploitation in Andalusia (Spain). Method: Qualitative study based on interviews with 10 key informants, selected from organizations providing support and care to victims of trafficking in women for sexual exploitation in 2021. Two researchers carried out a thematic categorical ...
Keywords	Human trafficking ; Sex offenses ; Women ; Healthcare sector ; Qualitative research ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Medidas de contención de la violencia de género durante la pandemia de COVID-19

Isabel Ruiz-Pérez / Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno

Gaceta Sanitaria, Vol 35, Iss 4, Pp 389-

2021 Volume 394

Abstract: Resumen: Las crisis, las emergencias y las épocas de disturbios se han relacionado con un aumento de la violencia interpersonal, incluida la violencia hacia las mujeres. A raíz de la declaración de estado de alarma y confinamiento se han puesto en marcha ...

Abstract	Resumen: Las crisis, las emergencias y las épocas de disturbios se han relacionado con un aumento de la violencia interpersonal, incluida la violencia hacia las mujeres. A raíz de la declaración de estado de alarma y confinamiento se han puesto en marcha nuevas medidas encaminadas a paliar el posible impacto de la violencia de género (Plan de Contingencia contra la violencia de género ante la crisis del coronavirus o Real Decreto-Ley de medidas urgentes). Se revisan en este documento las medidas de contención adoptadas hasta el momento por el gobierno de España y las comunidades autónomas, y las iniciativas formuladas en diferentes países. Ante la ausencia de medidas económicas concretas planteadas hasta la fecha y el escenario de incertidumbre económica concluimos que no es posible prevenir la violencia de género de manera integral sin considerar el aumento del desempleo, la temporalidad y la inestabilidad laboral, la dependencia económica o la sobrecarga de tareas reproductivas, entre otros elementos que la facilitan. Abstract: Crises, emergencies and times of unrest have been linked to increased interpersonal violence, including violence against women. Following the declaration of alarm status and quarantine, different measures have been implemented to mitigate the possible effect of gender violence (Contingency Plan against Gender-Based Violence in Coronavirus Crisis or Royal Decree Law on Emergency Measures). This document reviews the measures adopted so far by the government of Spain, the autonomous governments and the initiatives formulated in different countries. In the absence of concrete economic measures to date, and the scenario of economic uncertainty, we conclude that it is not possible to prevent gender-based violence in a comprehensive way, without considering the increase in unemployment, temporary and instability employment, economic dependency or the overload of household chores and reproductive tasks, among other elements that facilitate it.
Keywords	Intimate partner violence ; COVID-19 pandemic ; Quarantine ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Corrigendum

María Nieves Rodríguez-Madrid / Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno / Enrique Albert-Lopez / María Pastor-Valero

Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

“You knew you had to be there, it had to be done”: experiences of health professionals who faced the COVID-19 pandemic in one public hospital in Spain

2023 Volume 11

Keywords	COVID-19 pandemic ; health professionals ; contingency plan ; organizational changes ; quality of care provision ; coping strategies ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: “You knew you had to be there, it had to be done”

María Nieves Rodríguez-Madrid / Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno / Enrique Albert-Lopez / María Pastor-Valero

Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

Experiences of health professionals who faced the COVID-19 pandemic in one public hospital in Spain

2023 Volume 11

Abstract: IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the lack of a government contingency plan for an effective response to an unexpected health crisis. This study uses a phenomenological approach to explore the experience of healthcare professionals during the ...

Abstract	IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the lack of a government contingency plan for an effective response to an unexpected health crisis. This study uses a phenomenological approach to explore the experience of healthcare professionals during the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in a public health hospital in the Valencia region, Spain. It assesses the impact on their health, coping strategies, institutional support, organizational changes, quality of care, and lessons learned.MethodsWe carried out a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews with doctors and nurses from the Preventive Medicine, Emergency, and Internal Medicine Services and the Intensive Care Unit, using the Colaizzi’s 7-step data analysis method.ResultsDuring the first wave, lack of information and leadership led to feelings of uncertainty, fear of infection, and transmission to family members. Continuous organizational changes and lack of material and human resources brought limited results. The lack of space to accommodate patients, along with insufficient training in treating critical patients, and the frequent moving around of healthcare workers, reduced the quality of care. Despite the high levels of emotional stress reported, no sick leave was taken; the high levels of commitment and professional vocation helped in adapting to the intense work rhythms. Healthcare professionals in the medical services and support units reported higher levels of stress, and a greater sense of neglect by their institution than their colleagues in managerial roles. Family, social support, and camaraderie at work were effective coping strategies. Health professionals showed a strong collective spirit and sense of solidarity. This helped them cope with the additional stress and workload that accompanied the pandemic.ConclusionIn the wake of this experience, they highlight the need for a contingency plan adapted to each organizational context. Such a plan should include psychological counseling and continuous training in critical patient ...
Keywords	COVID-19 pandemic ; health professionals ; contingency plan ; organizational changes ; quality of care provision ; coping strategies ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Frequency, Types, and Manifestations of Partner Sexual Violence, Non-Partner Sexual Violence and Sexual Harassment

Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno / Isabel Ruiz-Pérez / Luis Sordo / Jesús Henares-Montiel

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 8108, p

A Population Study in Spain

2022 Volume 8108

Abstract: Background: This study analyzes the frequency and sociodemographic characteristics associated with sexual violence by a partner/ex-partner (PSV), someone other than a partner or ex-partner (NPSV), or sexual harassment (SH). Methods: The study is based on ...

Abstract	Background: This study analyzes the frequency and sociodemographic characteristics associated with sexual violence by a partner/ex-partner (PSV), someone other than a partner or ex-partner (NPSV), or sexual harassment (SH). Methods: The study is based on the 2019 Macro-survey of Violence against Women conducted by the Spanish Ministry of Equality among a sample of 9568 women age 16 or more years. Odds Ratios were calculated and multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Forty-four women had suffered some kind of sexual violence over their lifetime, 9.2% had experienced PSV, 6.5% NPSV and 40.4% SH. More than 7% of women had been raped by a partner and 2.2% by another man. In the three groups, violence was associated with lower age and having a certified disability. NPSV and SH were significantly associated with a higher education and internet use. In NPSV, 9.2% of cases were reported to the police and 3.9% were reported to the courts. In SH, 91.7% of women told a family member or a close friend and 4.2% reported it to the police or the courts. Conclusions: A greater emphasis needs to be placed on reporting sexual violence in its various forms. Rape within intimate partnerships ought to be investigated and studied in greater depth.
Keywords	sexual violence ; intimate partner violence ; sexual harassment ; cross sectional survey ; complaint ; Spain ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: New Patients in Treatment for Opioid Addiction in Spain

Jose Pulido / Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno / Juan Miguel Guerras / María José Belza / Ana Cáceres / Lucía Cea-Soriano / Luis Sordo

Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment, Vol

2023 Volume 17

Abstract: Introduction: Patients seeking first time treatment for opioid consumption reflect the characteristics of the consumer population. This group has not been studied in Spain in decades. The objective of this study was to characterize the opioid user ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Patients seeking first time treatment for opioid consumption reflect the characteristics of the consumer population. This group has not been studied in Spain in decades. The objective of this study was to characterize the opioid user population seeking first time treatment (incidents) and compare them group with those with prior treatment (prevalents). Methods: Cross-sectional study (N = 3325) with patients with opioid addiction seeking care at public addiction centers in the Community of Madrid from 2017 through 2019. Differentiation and comparisons were carried out using bivariate analysis, adjusted by sociodemographic characteristics related and those related to substance use consumption in incident and prevalent patients. Results: About 12.2% were incidents. Compared to prevalents, there were more foreigners (34.1% vs 19.1% P < .001), but with a better social network. Regarding opioid use, incidents were less likely to use injection (10.7% compared to 16.8% P = .008), but had greater daily frequency (75.8% vs 52.2%, P < .001). The age of initial consumption was greater (27 years vs 21.3 years, ( P < .001)). About 15.5% of incidents sought care for non-heroin opioids, compared to 4.8% of prevalents ( P < .001). Women sought care at twice the rate of men (29.3% vs 12.3%; P > .001). Discussion: New patients presented a profile with many stable characteristics, but which highlighted an increase in the use of other opioids, as occurs in the international context. Surveillance of the new patient characteristics can serve as an early indicator of consumption changes in. Thus, periodic monitoring is important.
Keywords	Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Historia de Violencia y Violencia de Compañero íntimo en mujeres embarazadas. Resultados en salud

Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno / Isabel Ruiz-Pérez / Ignacio Ricci-Cabello

Index de Enfermería, Vol 27, Iss 4, Pp 191-

2020 Volume 195

Abstract: Resumen Objetivos: examinar la frecuencia de Historia de Violencia (HV) en mujeres embarazadas; estudiar las características sociodemográficas asociadas e identificar los resultados en salud. Metodología: estudio transversal (Andalucía, España) con 754 ... ...

Abstract	Resumen Objetivos: examinar la frecuencia de Historia de Violencia (HV) en mujeres embarazadas; estudiar las características sociodemográficas asociadas e identificar los resultados en salud. Metodología: estudio transversal (Andalucía, España) con 754 mujeres embarazadas con cuestionario autoadministrado, incluyendo variables sociodemográficas, estado de salud y violencia. Se calculó la prevalencia de HV y modelos de regresión logística multivariable. Resultados: el 9% refirió HV, el 4,8% Violencia de Compañero íntimo actual y el 1,9% durante su embarazo. La HV se asoció significativamente con mala percepción del estado de salud (ORa 2,54; IC95%: 1,46-4,43), morbilidad psíquica (ORa 2,82; IC95%:1,56-5,07) y uso de medicación en el embarazo (ORa 2,36 IC95%: 1,14-4,87). Conclusión principal: la HV tiene un impacto en los resultados de salud de las gestantes. Dada la alta tasa de cobertura sanitaria durante el embarazo, este se convierte en un momento idóneo para poner en marcha las recomendaciones de los protocolos.
Keywords	Violencia de Género ; Embarazo ; Violencia de Pareja ; Estado de Salud ; Medicine ; R ; Nursing ; RT1-120
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Fundación Index
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Cyberbullying and Associated Factors in Member Countries of the European Union

Jesús Henares-Montiel / Vivian Benítez-Hidalgo / Isabel Ruiz-Pérez / Guadalupe Pastor-Moreno / Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 7364, p

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies with Representative Population Samples

2022 Volume 7364

Abstract: The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise the current state of empirical research and establish an up-to-date estimate of the prevalence of cyberbullying through the gathering of self-reported experiences from ...

Abstract	The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise the current state of empirical research and establish an up-to-date estimate of the prevalence of cyberbullying through the gathering of self-reported experiences from representative population samples from EU countries. Bibliographic searches were conducted on main electronic databases for studies until November 2021. We considered observational studies that provided data on cyberbullying prevalence and/or associated factors. Seven studies with data from 25 countries were included. Rates ranged between 2.8–31.5% for cybervictimization, between 3.0–30.6% for cyberperpetration, and between 13.0–53.1% for cyberbystanding. The rate of cybervictimization perpetration was 4%. Meta-analysis-pooled prevalence showed rates of 9.62% and 11.91% for cybervictimization and cyberperpetration, respectively. Given the large variation in the rates seen between the different examined studies, in addition to the increase over recent years in the prevalence rates of the different examined dimensions of cyberbullying, it would be useful to deepen research into the causes of these differences and the factors associated with each of the dimensions. This should be performed through populational surveys which enable the collection of a greater quantity of more consistent information with a view to designing prevention and intervention CB programs that are targeted and adapted towards the characteristics of the target population.
Keywords	cyberbullying ; associated factors ; population samples ; European Union ; systematic review ; meta-analysis ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Barriers and enablers in the implementation of a program to reduce cesarean deliveries

Clara Bermúdez-Tamayo / Emilia Fernández Ruiz / Guadalupe Pastor Moreno / Gracia Maroto-Navarro / Leticia Garcia-Mochon / Francisco Jose Perez-Ramos / Africa Caño-Aguilar / Maria del Pilar Velez

Reproductive Health, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract Background Conducting audits, implementing best practices and giving feedback to the professionals have shown considerable promise in reducing rates of cesarean delivery and mother-child morbidity. The purpose of the study is two-fold: a) to ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Conducting audits, implementing best practices and giving feedback to the professionals have shown considerable promise in reducing rates of cesarean delivery and mother-child morbidity. The purpose of the study is two-fold: a) to identify the factors that facilitate change in current practices and thus reduce the use of obstetric interventions, and b) to better understand the barriers to such changes. To reach these objectives, the study analyzed the experiences of professionals participating in a program to reduce cesarean rates in 20 hospitals in Andalusia (Spain). Methods A qualitative exploratory study was conducted. Participants were 14 ob-gyns and 14 nurse-midwives who work for Spain’s National Healthcare System and have been involved in the program. To gather information, in-depth individual interviews were used. The interview was designed to examine factors affecting the quality of care, such as issues related to policy/management, hospitals, practitioners and patients. Results The barriers identified include: 1) At the policy/management level: limited influence of institutional policy and the scant political commitment perceived. 2) At the organizational level: separation of the hierarchical structure of doctors from that of nurse-midwives, few positive incentives and the strong threat of sanctions for malpractice, inappropriate reorganization of midwife/obgyns competences. 3) At the healthcare staff and facility level: reluctance to change accentuated by years of professional practice. 4) Physical resources: obsolete delivery rooms with a medical look. 5) At the professional level: medical and legal pressure, cesarean delivery considered safe in the event of a legal claim, low motivation due to decline in working conditions, convenience-based practices. 6) Woman giving birth and her family: fear of pain, impatience while waiting for process to occur, misinformation. The enablers include: 1) At the organizational level: good coordination with pediatrics and emergency departments, 2) ...
Keywords	Cesarean section ; Clinical practice guidelines ; Evidence-based medicine ; Gynecology and obstetrics ; RG1-991
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Motivaciones para el embarazo adolescente Motivations for adolescent pregnancy

Carmen Álvarez Nieto / Guadalupe Pastor Moreno / Manuel Linares Abad / Juan Serrano Martos / Laura Rodríguez Olalla

Gaceta Sanitaria, Vol 26, Iss 6, Pp 487-

2012 Volume 503

Abstract: Objetivos: Conocer las motivaciones (creencias, valores) de las mujeres menores de 17 años para el embarazo adolescente. Método: Diseño cualitativo fenomenológico con audiograbación de entrevistas en profundidad (12 adolescentes embarazadas), entre marzo ...

Abstract	Objetivos: Conocer las motivaciones (creencias, valores) de las mujeres menores de 17 años para el embarazo adolescente. Método: Diseño cualitativo fenomenológico con audiograbación de entrevistas en profundidad (12 adolescentes embarazadas), entre marzo y septiembre de 2008. Muestreo intencional de adolescentes embarazadas (14-16 años) de la consulta de alto riesgo obstétrico del Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén (España), usando nivel educativo, voluntariedad del embarazo, hábitat de residencia y nivel social de la familia como criterios de heterogeneidad. Análisis de contenido: codificación, triangulación de categorías y obtención/verificación de resultados. Resultados: El contexto sociocultural de la adolescente tiene un peso considerable en la toma de decisiones sexuales y reproductivas. Las adolescentes que no planearon su embarazo perciben que su responsabilidad es relativa, y muestran una actitud de conformismo y resignación, resultando posteriormente una tendencia a la racionalización de los acontecimientos en la que afirman que el hijo/a es deseado/a e incluso planeado/a. Las adolescentes que deseaban su embarazo no tienen una imagen definida ni valoran las consecuencias que éste supone. Las ideas previas sobre una gestación están básicamente referidas a cambios físicos, sin tener en cuenta otros cambios que ocurren durante y tras el embarazo. Conclusiones: El contexto familiar y de socialización de las chicas se basa en una distribución tradicional de roles en función del género, en el cual posicionamiento y rol tradicional de mujer cuidadora está muy interiorizado. Las motivaciones para el embarazo adolescente no están claras; hay una falta de sentido de la autodeterminación y son las circunstancias las que deciden. Objectives: To identify the motivations (beliefs, values) for adolescent pregnancy among girls aged less than 17 years old. Method: We performed a phenomenological qualitative study with audio recording of in-depth interviews with 12 pregnant adolescents between March and September 2008. ...
Keywords	Embarazo de alto riesgo ; Adolescente ; Motivación ; Género y salud ; Análisis cualitativo ; High-risk pregnancy ; Adolescent ; Motivation ; Gender and health ; Qualitative analysis ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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