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  1. Article: Does COVID-19 Spread Through Droplets Alone?

    Galbadage, Thushara / Peterson, Brent M / Gunasekera, Richard S

    Frontiers in public health

    2020  Volume 8, Page(s) 163

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/transmission ; Disease Transmission, Infectious ; Disinfectants ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Physical Distancing ; Public Health ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification
    Chemical Substances Disinfectants
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00163
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The vital role of exercise and nutrition in COVID-19 rehabilitation: synergizing strength.

    Peterson, Brent M / Unger, Isabelle / Sun, Sunny / Park, Ji-Yeun / Kim, Jinsil / Gunasekera, Richard S / Wilson, Jason / Galbadage, Thushara

    Frontiers in sports and active living

    2023  Volume 5, Page(s) 1305175

    Abstract: Since the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global healthcare community has faced the challenge of understanding and addressing the ongoing and multi-faceted SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes. As millions of individuals worldwide continue to navigate the ... ...

    Abstract Since the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global healthcare community has faced the challenge of understanding and addressing the ongoing and multi-faceted SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes. As millions of individuals worldwide continue to navigate the complexities of post-hospitalization recovery, reinfection rates, and the increasing prevalence of Long-COVID symptoms, comprehensive COVID-19 rehabilitation strategies are greatly needed. Previous studies have highlighted the potential synergy between exercise and nutrition, suggesting that their integration into patient rehabilitation programs may yield improved clinical outcomes for survivors of COVID-19. Our group aimed to consolidate existing knowledge following the implementation of patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) search strategies on the distinct and combined impacts of exercise and nutrition interventions in facilitating the recovery of COVID-19 patients following hospitalization, with a specific focus on their implications for both public health and clinical practice. The incorporation of targeted nutritional strategies alongside exercise-based programs may expedite patient recovery, ultimately promoting independence in performing activities of daily living (ADLs). Nonetheless, an imperative for expanded scientific inquiry remains, particularly in the realm of combined interventions. This mini-review underscores the compelling prospects offered by an amalgamated approach, advocating for the seamless integration of exercise and nutrition as integral components of post-hospitalization COVID-19 rehabilitation. The pursuit of a comprehensive understanding of the synergistic effects and effectiveness of exercise and nutrition stands as a crucial objective in advancing patient care and refining recovery strategies in the wake of this enduring global health crisis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2624-9367
    ISSN (online) 2624-9367
    DOI 10.3389/fspor.2023.1305175
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: ORFanID: A web-based search engine for the discovery and identification of orphan and taxonomically restricted genes.

    Gunasekera, Richard S / Raja, Komal K B / Hewapathirana, Suresh / Tundrea, Emanuel / Gunasekera, Vinodh / Galbadage, Thushara / Nelson, Paul A

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 10, Page(s) e0291260

    Abstract: With the numerous genomes sequenced today, it has been revealed that a noteworthy percentage of genes in a given taxon of organisms in the phylogenetic tree of life do not have orthologous sequences in other taxa. These sequences are commonly referred to ...

    Abstract With the numerous genomes sequenced today, it has been revealed that a noteworthy percentage of genes in a given taxon of organisms in the phylogenetic tree of life do not have orthologous sequences in other taxa. These sequences are commonly referred to as "orphans" or "ORFans" if found as single occurrences in a single species or as "taxonomically restricted genes" (TRGs) when found at higher taxonomic levels. Quantitative and collective studies of these genes are necessary for understanding their biological origins. However, the current software for identifying orphan genes is limited in its functionality, database search range, and very complex algorithmically. Thus, researchers studying orphan genes must harvest their data from many disparate sources. ORFanID is a graphical web-based search engine that facilitates the efficient identification of both orphan genes and TRGs at all taxonomic levels, from DNA or amino acid sequences in the NCBI database cluster and other large bioinformatics repositories. The software allows users to identify genes that are unique to any taxonomic rank, from species to domain, using NCBI systematic classifiers. It provides control over NCBI database search parameters, and the results are presented in a spreadsheet as well as a graphical display. The tables in the software are sortable, and results can be filtered using the fuzzy search functionality. The visual presentation can be expanded and collapsed by the taxonomic tree to its various branches. Example results from searches on five species and gene expression data from specific orphan genes are provided in the Supplementary Information.
    MeSH term(s) Search Engine ; Phylogeny ; Software ; Genome ; Internet
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0291260
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Does COVID-19 Spread Through Droplets Alone?

    Galbadage, Thushara / Peterson, Brent M. / Gunasekera, Richard S.

    Frontiers in Public Health

    2020  Volume 8

    Keywords covid19
    Publisher Frontiers Media SA
    Publishing country ch
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00163
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Book ; Online: Epidemiological Study of COVID-19 Modes of Disease Transmission

    Galbadage, Thushara / Peterson, Brent M. / Gunasekera, Richard S.

    Faculty Articles & Research

    with Molecular Basis for SARS-CoV-2 Virulence

    2020  

    Abstract: The world has been embroiled in a deadly and volatile public health crisis. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as a pandemic, has been rapidly affecting nations throughout the world with such ferocity that governments and their public health ... ...

    Abstract The world has been embroiled in a deadly and volatile public health crisis. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as a pandemic, has been rapidly affecting nations throughout the world with such ferocity that governments and their public health authorities have been forced to take drastic measures to contain the spread. Yet, despite the aggressive preventative measures in place, COVID-19 has propagated exponentially throughout the world. In response, we conducted an epidemiological study evaluating cumulative incidence, incidence rate, and mortality rate of COVID-19 to better understand the potential modes of disease transmission.in select countries experiencing a high burden of the disease. Currently, the accepted mode of disease transmission is by respiratory droplets containing the virus. Here we provide epidemiological data in conjunction with molecular mechanisms of this Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome- Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and explain the possible alternative modes of disease transmission for COVID-19. Results from this investigation showed that despite aggressive droplet precautionary measures are needed to slow the spread of COVID-19.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Fomites ; Pandemic ; Droplets ; Epidemiology ; Virus Diseases ; covid19
    Publishing date 2020-03-01T08:00:00Z
    Publisher Digital Commons @ Biola
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Book ; Online: Does COVID-19 Spread through Droplets Alone?

    Galbadage, Thushara / Peterson, Brent M. / Gunasekera, Richard S.

    Faculty Articles & Research

    2020  

    Abstract: The world has been in the midst of a swiftly unfolding public health crisis that has turned deadly. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has turned out to be a rapidly expanding pandemic affecting the nations of the world. Most governments and ... ...

    Abstract The world has been in the midst of a swiftly unfolding public health crisis that has turned deadly. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has turned out to be a rapidly expanding pandemic affecting the nations of the world. Most governments and their public health authorities worldwide have taken drastic measures to strictly contain the spread of this coronavirus. However, despite the aggressive preventative measures in place, COVID-19 has propagated exponentially across the world. Currently, the accepted mode of disease transmission is by droplets containing the virus. Here we provide epidemiological data in conjunction with biochemical molecular mechanisms of this Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome- Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and explain the possible alternative modes of disease transmission. Our observed data, biochemical mechanisms, and inferences indicate that COVID-19 has a high probability of transmission through other routes as well, such as indirect routes; viz, fomites and aeros.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Fomites ; Pandemic ; Droplets ; Community Health and Preventive Medicine ; Virus Diseases ; covid19
    Publishing date 2020-03-15T07:00:00Z
    Publisher Digital Commons @ Biola
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Biopsychosocial and Spiritual Implications of Patients With COVID-19 Dying in Isolation.

    Galbadage, Thushara / Peterson, Brent M / Wang, David C / Wang, Jeffrey S / Gunasekera, Richard S

    Frontiers in psychology

    2020  Volume 11, Page(s) 588623

    Abstract: Critically ill patients with the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are dying in isolation without the comfort of their family or other social support in unprecedented numbers. Recently, healthcare teams at COVID-19 epicenters have been inundated with ... ...

    Abstract Critically ill patients with the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are dying in isolation without the comfort of their family or other social support in unprecedented numbers. Recently, healthcare teams at COVID-19 epicenters have been inundated with critically ill patients. Patients isolated for COVID-19 have had no contact with their family or loved ones and may have likely experienced death without closure. This situation highlights concerns about patients' psychological and spiritual well-being with COVID-19 and their families, as they permanently part ways. While palliative care has advanced to adequately address these patients' needs, the COVID-19 pandemic presents several barriers that force healthcare teams to deprioritize these essential aspects of patient care. The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003 gave us a glimpse of these challenges as these patients were also isolated in hospitals. Here, we discuss the importance of the biopsychosocial spiritual model in end-of-life care and its implications on patients dying with COVID-19. Furthermore, we outline an integrative approach to address the unique and holistic needs of critically ill patients dying with COVID-19. These include intentional and increased coordination with trained palliative care staff, early and frequent goals of care including discussion of end-of-life plans, broader use of technology to improve connectedness, and shared decision making with patients' families.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2563826-9
    ISSN 1664-1078
    ISSN 1664-1078
    DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.588623
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Sex-Specific COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes.

    Galbadage, Thushara / Peterson, Brent M / Awada, Joseph / Buck, Alison S / Ramirez, Danny A / Wilson, Jason / Gunasekera, Richard S

    Frontiers in medicine

    2020  Volume 7, Page(s) 348

    Abstract: To successfully mitigate the extraordinary devastation caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is crucial to identify important risk factors for this disease. One such neglected health determinant is the sex of the patient. This is ...

    Abstract To successfully mitigate the extraordinary devastation caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is crucial to identify important risk factors for this disease. One such neglected health determinant is the sex of the patient. This is an essential clinical characteristic, as it can factor into a patient's clinical management and preventative measures. Some clinical studies have shown disparities in the proportion between males and females that have more severe clinical outcomes or, subsequently, die from this disease. However, this association has not been unequivocally established. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to examine the association between male sex and COVID-19 severity. We systematically reviewed the literature, identified studies that matched predetermined selection criteria, and performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the proportion of males among four disease severity categories. Appropriate assessment strategies were implemented to assess and minimize potential biases. The results of this meta-analysis indicated that males constituted a significantly higher proportion of those who had adverse clinical outcomes and died from COVID-19. As the coronavirus spread from the East to the West, male sex remained a consistent risk factor. Our results support the establishment of the male sex as an important risk factor for this disease. Early identification and appropriate medical care for males with lab-confirmed COVID-19 may substantially change the course of clinical prognosis, resulting in greater numbers of lives saved.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-23
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2020.00348
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Molecular Mechanisms Lead to Sex-Specific COVID-19 Prognosis and Targeted Therapies.

    Galbadage, Thushara / Peterson, Brent M / Wang, Jeffrey S / Jayasekara, Avishka / Ramirez, Danny A / Awada, Joseph / Walsh, John P / Gunasekera, Richard S

    Frontiers in medicine

    2020  Volume 7, Page(s) 589060

    Abstract: Clinical and epidemiological studies have identified male sex as an important risk factor for COVID-19 clinical outcomes and mortality. This raises the question as to how this risk factor can be addressed in the prognosis, clinical management, and the ... ...

    Abstract Clinical and epidemiological studies have identified male sex as an important risk factor for COVID-19 clinical outcomes and mortality. This raises the question as to how this risk factor can be addressed in the prognosis, clinical management, and the treatment of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, there are no guidelines or protocols to help alter the course of sex-specific COVID-19 prognosis, especially in severe disease presentations. This is partly due to the lack of research studies characterizing the differences in male vs. female host response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and a lack of a well-rounded understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved. Here, we discuss three distinct but interconnected molecular-level differences in males and females that likely play an essential role in the COVID-19 prognosis. We review interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with host cell angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the viral entry between males vs. females and discuss the differential regulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) between the two sexes. Next, we present immune response disparities and how immune function and endocrine regulation may render males increasingly vulnerable to severe COVID-19. We describe the interconnected roles of these three regulatory systems in males and females in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, we highlight the clinical implications of these mechanisms to patients with COVID-19 and propose putative targeted therapies that can help reduce COVID-19 severity in those critically ill.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2020.589060
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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