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  1. Article ; Online: Association between Medicaid expansion status and lung cancer screening exam growth: findings from the ACR lung cancer registry.

    Gupta, Neal / Halpern, Ethan J / Rao, Vijay M

    Clinical imaging

    2020  Volume 73, Page(s) 79–85

    Abstract: Purpose: To determine if Medicaid expansion is associated with increased volumes of lung cancer screenings.: Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed to compare the annual growth rates in lung cancer screenings between states that expanded ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To determine if Medicaid expansion is associated with increased volumes of lung cancer screenings.
    Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed to compare the annual growth rates in lung cancer screenings between states that expanded Medicaid (n = 31) versus those that did not (n = 17). Using the American College of Radiology Lung Cancer Screening Registry, we calculated the average annual growth rate between 2016 and 2019 for both groups. Secondary analyses between these two groups also included calculations of the percentages of studies considered appropriate by USPSTF criteria.
    Results: No significant difference was identified in the average annual growth in lung cancer screenings between Medicaid expanding and non-expanding states (57.6%, 50.3%, P = 0.51). No difference was observed in the percentage of studies considered appropriate (Medicaid expanding = 89.6%, non-expanding = 90.2%, P = 0.72). At baseline, there were socioeconomic differences between both groups of states. Medicaid expanding states had a more urban population (76.5% versus 67.9%, P = 0.05) and higher average incomes ($56,947, $49,876, P < 0.05).
    Conclusion: No association is found between Medicaid expansion and increasing volumes of lung cancer screening exams. Although no data is available in the registry for screening exams before the implementation of Medicaid expansion (2014), most nationwide estimates of lung screening rates report a low baseline (<5%). Furthermore, despite being advantaged in other ways, such as with a more urban population or with higher incomes, the Medicaid expansion cohort does not demonstrate a higher growth rate. These findings suggest Medicaid expansion alone will not increase lung cancer screenings.
    MeSH term(s) Early Detection of Cancer ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Medicaid ; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ; Registries ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1028123-x
    ISSN 1873-4499 ; 0899-7071
    ISSN (online) 1873-4499
    ISSN 0899-7071
    DOI 10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.11.056
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  2. Book: Biopolymers

    Gupta, Neal S

    a molecular paleontology approach

    (Topics in geobiology, ; 38)

    2014  

    Author's details Neal S. Gupta
    Series title Topics in geobiology, ; 38
    MeSH term(s) Biopolymers ; Evolution, Molecular ; Fossils
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-2014
    Size xxv, 174 pages :, illustrations ;, 25 cm.
    Document type Book
    ISBN 9789400779358 ; 9400779356 ; 9789400779365 ; 9400779364
    Database Catalogue of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM)

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  3. Book ; Online: Chitin

    Gupta, Neal S

    Formation and Diagenesis

    (Topics in Geobiology ; 34)

    2011  

    Abstract: There are several books on properties of chitin and associated biomolecules and their biochemical significance. However, the present volume deals with a wide variety of biogeochemical and organic geochemical aspects of this vital macromolecule written by ...

    Author's details edited by Neal S. Gupta
    Series title Topics in Geobiology ; 34
    Abstract There are several books on properties of chitin and associated biomolecules and their biochemical significance. However, the present volume deals with a wide variety of biogeochemical and organic geochemical aspects of this vital macromolecule written by leading authors and experts in the field. Each chapter is carefully peer reviewed and is an updated account of recent research in isotopic, nanostructural, biochemical, microstructural, geochemical, paleontological and experimental aspects of chitin formation, distribution and preservation in the environment and earth history.

    There are several books on properties of chitin and associated biomolecules and their biochemical significance. However, the present volume deals with a wide variety of biogeochemical and organic geochemical aspects of this vital macromolecule written by leading authors and experts in the field. Each chapter is carefully peer reviewed and is an updated account of recent research in isotopic, nanostructural, biochemical, microstructural, geochemical, paleontological and experimental aspects of chitin formation, distribution and preservation in the environment and earth history. I studied Geology (Honours) at the University of Delhi (1998-2001) and moved to the University of Bristol to start a PhD in Geobiology and Organic Geochemsitry with Professor Derek Briggs, FRS and Dr. Richard D. Pancost. During my PhD I worked on the biomolecular transformation of organisms such as arthropods and leaves and the geochemistry of plant and arthropod fossils in an attempt to understand the fate of biopolymers such as chitin, lignin, cutin and proteins in modern organisms and their contribution to sedimentary organic matter. We conducted experimental heating experiments in the lab of Dr. Raymond Michels (CNRS-CREGU, Nancy, France) with modern organisms and their biopolymeric contituents to replicate the process in the laboratory. We were able to challenge the prevelant selective preservation model of organic matter preservation and propose the lipids present in organisms polymerise to form recalcitrant aliphatic components that preserve in sediments. Following completion of my PhD in 2005 I moved to Yale University as a Postdoc Associate and worked with Prof Derek Briggs on experimental organic taphonomy to replicate fossilisation processes in low temperature conditions to understand the lipid polymerisation process. We further explored the fate of proteinaceous organisms such as hemichordates in the geologic record and the organic chemistry of Eurypterids, amongst the largest arthopods that existed. After this I moved to MIT in 2007 in the lab of Professor Roger Summons, FRS and worked on the molecular transformation of cephalopods, the fate of plant biopolymers using Metasequoia as a model and the effect of heat on the stereochemistry of lipid organic molecules. In 2009 I moved to the Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution as a NASA Astrobiology Postdoctoral Fellow to conduct experimental work with Dr. George Cody. We conducted Scanning Transmission X-Ray microscopy-NEXAFS spectroscopy experiments at the Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, California on fossil scorpions 400 million years old and detected chitin in them to report the oldest known evidence of such biopolymers in the geologic record. I further conducted heating experiments on Cyanobacteria to understand the fossilisation potential of microbes and their contribution to sedimentary organic matter.
    Keywords Biochemistry ; Geochemistry ; Geography ; Life sciences ; Zoology ; Technik / Wissen Biologie ; Technik / Wissen Geologie
    Language English
    Size Online-Ressource, v.: digital
    Publisher Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    Publishing place Dordrecht
    Document type Book ; Online
    ISBN 9789048196838 ; 9789048196845 ; 9048196833 ; 9048196841
    DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9684-5
    Database Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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  4. Article ; Online: High deductible health plans: does cost sharing stimulate increased consumer sophistication?

    Gupta, Neal / Polsky, Daniel

    Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy

    2012  Volume 18, Issue 3, Page(s) 335–343

    Abstract: Objective: To determine whether increased cost sharing in health insurance plans induces higher levels of consumer sophistication in a non-elderly population.: Study design: This analysis is based on the collection of survey and demographic data ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To determine whether increased cost sharing in health insurance plans induces higher levels of consumer sophistication in a non-elderly population.
    Study design: This analysis is based on the collection of survey and demographic data collected from enrollees in the RAND health insurance experiment (HIE). During the RAND HIE, enrollees were randomly assigned to different levels of cost sharing (0, 25, 50 and 95%).
    Methods: The study population compromises about 2000 people enrolled in the RAND HIE, between the years 1974 and 1982. Effects on health-care decision making were measured using the results of a standardized questionnaire, administered at the beginning and end of the experiment. Points of enquiry included whether or not enrollees' (i) recognized the need for second opinions (ii) questioned the effectiveness of certain therapies and (iii) researched the background/skill of their medical providers. Consumer sophistication was also measured for regular health-care consumers, as indicated by the presence of a chronic disease.
    Principal findings: We found no statically significant changes (P < 0.05) in the health-care decision-making strategies between individuals randomized to high cost sharing plans and low cost sharing plans. Furthermore, we did not find a stronger effect for patients with a chronic disease.
    Conclusions: The evidence from the RAND HIE does not support the hypothesis that a higher level of cost sharing incentivizes the development of consumer sophistication. As a result, cost sharing alone will not promote individuals to become more selective in their health-care decision-making.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Chronic Disease/economics ; Chronic Disease/psychology ; Chronic Disease/therapy ; Deductibles and Coinsurance ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Preference/psychology ; Patient Preference/statistics & numerical data ; Patient Satisfaction/economics ; Patient Satisfaction/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-12-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 2119434-8
    ISSN 1369-7625 ; 1369-6513
    ISSN (online) 1369-7625
    ISSN 1369-6513
    DOI 10.1111/hex.12031
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Efficacy and safety of maintenance therapy with pamiparib versus placebo for advanced gastric cancer responding to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy: Phase 2 study results.

    Ciardiello, Fortunato / Bang, Yung-Jue / Cervantes, Andrés / Dvorkin, Mikhail / Lopez, Charles D / Metges, Jean-Philippe / Sánchez Ruiz, Antonio / Calvo, Mariona / Strickland, Andrew H / Kannourakis, George / Muro, Kei / Kawakami, Hisato / Wei, Jia / Borg, Christophe / Zhu, Zhaoyin / Gupta, Neal / Pelham, Robert J / Shen, Lin

    Cancer medicine

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 12, Page(s) 13145–13154

    Abstract: Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) are approved for the treatment of various solid tumors. In gastric cancer, genes commonly harbor mutations in the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway, potentially increasing ... ...

    Abstract Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) are approved for the treatment of various solid tumors. In gastric cancer, genes commonly harbor mutations in the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway, potentially increasing sensitivity to PARPi. Pamiparib (BGB-290) is a small molecule inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2.
    Methods: The PARALLEL-303 study (NCT03427814) investigated the efficacy and safety of pamiparib 60 mg orally (PO) twice daily (BID) versus placebo PO BID as maintenance therapy in patients with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer that responded to platinum-based first-line chemotherapy. The primary endpoint of this double-blind, randomized, global phase 2 study was progression-free survival (PFS) (RECIST version 1.1; per investigator assessment). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and safety.
    Results: In total, 136 patients were randomized 1:1 to receive pamiparib (n = 71) or placebo (n = 65). Median PFS was numerically longer with pamiparib versus placebo but did not reach statistical significance (3.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.9, 5.3] vs. 2.1 months [95% CI: 1.9, 3.8]; hazard ratio 0.8 [95% CI: 0.5, 1.2]; p = 0.1428). Median OS was 10.2 months (95% CI: 8.7, 16.3) in the pamiparib arm versus 12.0 months (95% CI: 8.2, not estimable) in the placebo arm. Overall, 8 patients (11.3%) in the pamiparib arm and 2 patients (3.1%) in the placebo arm experienced ≥1 TEAE leading to treatment discontinuation.
    Conclusions: Maintenance pamiparib did not meet statistical significance for superiority versus placebo for PFS, but was well tolerated with few treatment discontinuations; no unexpected safety signals were identified.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Stomach Neoplasms/etiology ; Platinum ; Fluorenes ; Progression-Free Survival ; Double-Blind Method ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances pamiparib (8375F9S90C) ; Platinum (49DFR088MY) ; Fluorenes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2659751-2
    ISSN 2045-7634 ; 2045-7634
    ISSN (online) 2045-7634
    ISSN 2045-7634
    DOI 10.1002/cam4.5997
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  6. Book ; Online: Deep k-NN Defense against Clean-label Data Poisoning Attacks

    Peri, Neehar / Gupta, Neal / Huang, W. Ronny / Fowl, Liam / Zhu, Chen / Feizi, Soheil / Goldstein, Tom / Dickerson, John P.

    2019  

    Abstract: Targeted clean-label data poisoning is a type of adversarial attack on machine learning systems in which an adversary injects a few correctly-labeled, minimally-perturbed samples into the training data, causing a model to misclassify a particular test ... ...

    Abstract Targeted clean-label data poisoning is a type of adversarial attack on machine learning systems in which an adversary injects a few correctly-labeled, minimally-perturbed samples into the training data, causing a model to misclassify a particular test sample during inference. Although defenses have been proposed for general poisoning attacks, no reliable defense for clean-label attacks has been demonstrated, despite the attacks' effectiveness and realistic applications. In this work, we propose a simple, yet highly-effective Deep k-NN defense against both feature collision and convex polytope clean-label attacks on the CIFAR-10 dataset. We demonstrate that our proposed strategy is able to detect over 99% of poisoned examples in both attacks and remove them without compromising model performance. Additionally, through ablation studies, we discover simple guidelines for selecting the value of k as well as for implementing the Deep k-NN defense on real-world datasets with class imbalance. Our proposed defense shows that current clean-label poisoning attack strategies can be annulled, and serves as a strong yet simple-to-implement baseline defense to test future clean-label poisoning attacks. Our code is available at https://github.com/neeharperi/DeepKNNDefense

    Comment: Accepted to ECCV 2020 Workshop - Adversarial Robustness in the Real World (AROW). First three authors contributed equally
    Keywords Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ; Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2019-09-29
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Molecular preservation and bulk isotopic signals of ancient rice from the Neolithic Tianluoshan site, lower Yangtze River valley, China

    Gupta, Neal S / Leng, Qin / Yang, Hong / Cody, George D / Fogel, Marilyn L / Liu, Weiguo / Sun, Guoping

    Organic geochemistry. 2013 Oct., v. 63

    2013  

    Abstract: Pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py–GC–MS) analysis of Neolithic (4900–3800 BC) archeological rice grains (husked rice fruit) from the Tianluoshan site (Zhejiang Province, eastern China) revealed no polysaccharide products from starch ... ...

    Abstract Pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py–GC–MS) analysis of Neolithic (4900–3800 BC) archeological rice grains (husked rice fruit) from the Tianluoshan site (Zhejiang Province, eastern China) revealed no polysaccharide products from starch present in the original rice fruit; however, benzene, toluene, dimethyl benzene, phenol, dimethyl phenol and n-alkanes>C₃₀ were detected, indicating their aromatic nature, plus some aliphatic components. On the contrary, polysaccharides were observed in husk material but in significantly lower concentration than in the modern equivalent. The molecular composition was supported by ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) data. Variation in preservation quality was also detected in persimmon seeds, oak acorns and amanranthaceous seeds from the site. This variation in molecular preservation, which could also be observed at the micro-morphological level, was tracked with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Variation in bulk tissue carbon isotopic values (δ¹³C) was apparent among archeological samples, a net 1–2‰ positive shift in bulk tissue δ¹³C being found in most of the Tianloushan plant remains. Our data suggest the importance of post-excavation storage conditions and illustrate the power of the application of multiple analytical methods for the study of archeological plant remains.
    Keywords benzene ; carbon ; fruits ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; hulls ; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; persimmons ; phenol ; pyrolysis ; rice ; scanning electron microscopy ; seeds ; starch ; storage conditions ; toluene ; China ; Yangtze River
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2013-10
    Size p. 85-93.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0146-6380
    DOI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.08.006
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Preventing waterborne diseases: analysis of a community health worker program in rural Tamil Nadu, India.

    Gupta, Neal / Mutukkanu, Thingalraj / Nadimuthu, Alexander / Thiyagaran, Initha / Sullivan-Marx, Eileen

    Journal of community health

    2011  Volume 37, Issue 2, Page(s) 513–519

    Abstract: Community health worker (CHW) programs have become popular tools in reducing the burden of childhood illnesses. However, the efficacy of CHWs in facilitating behavior change, as a means of preventing waterborne diseases, remains unclear. Using a ... ...

    Abstract Community health worker (CHW) programs have become popular tools in reducing the burden of childhood illnesses. However, the efficacy of CHWs in facilitating behavior change, as a means of preventing waterborne diseases, remains unclear. Using a household survey (n = 225),in rural Tamil Nadu, South India, we assessed the effects of a CHW program on knowledge, attitudes and practices related to diarrheal illness through comparison with a control population that was not enrolled in the program. The CHW program in the experimental village entailed behavior change aimed at preventing diarrheal illness through home visits, community events and health education. Correlates of four key variables on knowledge of drinking water contamination and behavior change were examined by using logistic regression models. We found that while the program was effective in raising awareness of drinking water contamination, it did not significantly increase hygiene and water sanitation practices in the village community in comparison to the control population. Furthermore, villagers enrolled in the CHW program were unable to recognize the connections between contaminated drinking water and disease. The results of our survey indicated the CHW program did not significantly affect behavior in the experimental village. Possible shortcomings in the program are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Community Health Workers ; Diarrhea/prevention & control ; Drinking Water/standards ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Promotion/methods ; Humans ; India ; Program Evaluation ; Rural Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Chemical Substances Drinking Water
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-09-16
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 426631-6
    ISSN 1573-3610 ; 0094-5145
    ISSN (online) 1573-3610
    ISSN 0094-5145
    DOI 10.1007/s10900-011-9472-5
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  9. Article: Experimental formation of geomacromolecules from microbial lipids

    Gupta, Neal S / Andrew Steele / George D. Cody / Hong Yang / Marilyn Fogel / Mike Adams / Patrick Griffin / Roger E. Summons

    Organic geochemistry. 2014 Feb., v. 67

    2014  

    Abstract: The mechanism leading to the formation of aliphatic components in sedimentary rocks and petroleum products has been the subject of debate. Recent research has concluded that algaenan is not as widespread ecologically or phylogenetically, so may ... ...

    Abstract The mechanism leading to the formation of aliphatic components in sedimentary rocks and petroleum products has been the subject of debate. Recent research has concluded that algaenan is not as widespread ecologically or phylogenetically, so may contribute less to the resistant aliphatic content of kerogens where such algae are source organisms. We conducted experiments with the non-algaenan producing alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, at 260 and 350°C and 700bar to simulate fossilization of the microorganism under confined pyrolysis conditions. Pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py-GC–MS) analysis revealed that the unheated alga consisted of biopolymers primarily related to proteins and lipids, including C16 and C18 fatty acids (FAs). However, heating at 260 and 350°C resulted in macromolecules with a significant aliphatic component similar to high hydrogen content kerogen, derived from lipids in the alga, primarily from saturated and unsaturated C16 and C18 FAs, as determined from experiments with model compounds. The presence of amides, nitriles and oximes in the heated alga was likely due to the reaction of the lipids with the abundant N-containing proteinaceous compounds. Py-GC–MS of the residue of Scenedesmus quadricauda at 350°C (a green alga containing algaenan as a control) demonstrated survival of algaenan at that temperature. The solvent insoluble residue of a cyanobacterium (Oscillatoria sp.) and a purple non S containing bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris subjected to similar high temperature and pressure, resulted in a residue with significant aliphatic content. The results reveal that algaenan survived the P/T conditions of the experiments, which additionally suggest an alternative mechanism that may lead to aliphatic geopolymers. Since this mechanism seems to be valid for organisms that are phylogenetically wide apart, it may be valid for organism cells in general. Thus, bacterial biomass may also contribute to the insoluble organic inventory of ancient sediments.
    Keywords algae ; amides ; bacteria ; biopolymers ; Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; fatty acids ; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ; hydrogen ; microbial biomass ; models ; nitriles ; Oscillatoria ; oximes ; petroleum ; phylogeny ; proteins ; pyrolysis ; Rhodopseudomonas palustris ; Scenedesmus quadricauda ; sedimentary rocks ; sediments ; solvents ; temperature
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-02
    Size p. 35-40.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0146-6380
    DOI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2013.11.006
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  10. Article: The organic preservation of fossil arthropods: an experimental study.

    Gupta, Neal S / Michels, R / Briggs, Derek E G / Evershed, Richard P / Pancost, Richard D

    Proceedings. Biological sciences

    2006  Volume 273, Issue 1602, Page(s) 2777–2783

    Abstract: Modern arthropod cuticles consist of chitin fibres in a protein matrix, but those of fossil arthropods with an organic exoskeleton, particularly older than Tertiary, contain a dominant aliphatic component. This apparent contradiction was examined by ... ...

    Abstract Modern arthropod cuticles consist of chitin fibres in a protein matrix, but those of fossil arthropods with an organic exoskeleton, particularly older than Tertiary, contain a dominant aliphatic component. This apparent contradiction was examined by subjecting modern cockroach, scorpion and shrimp cuticle to artificial maturation (350 degrees C/700 bars/24 h) following various chemical treatments, and analysing the products with pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Analysis of artificially matured untreated cuticle yielded moieties related to phenols and alkylated substituents, pyridines, pyrroles and possibly indenes (derived from chitin). n-Alkyl amides, C16 and C18 fatty acids and alkane/alk-1-ene homologues ranging from C9 to C19 were also generated, the last indicating the presence of an n-alkyl component, similar in composition to that encountered in fossil arthropods. Similar pyrolysates were obtained from matured pure C16 and C18 fatty acids. Py-GC/MS of cuticles matured after lipid extraction and hydrolysis did not yield any aliphatic polymer. This provides direct experimental evidence that lipids incorporated from the cuticle were the source of aliphatic polymer. This process of in situ polymerization appears to account for most of the fossil record of terrestrial arthropods as well as marine arthropods that lacked a biomineralized exoskeleton.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biopolymers/chemistry ; Cockroaches/anatomy & histology ; Cockroaches/chemistry ; Cockroaches/physiology ; Decapoda (Crustacea)/anatomy & histology ; Decapoda (Crustacea)/chemistry ; Decapoda (Crustacea)/physiology ; Fossils ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Insect Proteins/analysis ; Insect Proteins/chemistry ; Lipids/analysis ; Lipids/chemistry ; Preservation, Biological/methods ; Scorpions/anatomy & histology ; Scorpions/chemistry ; Scorpions/physiology ; Time Factors
    Chemical Substances Biopolymers ; Insect Proteins ; Lipids ; cuticle proteins, insects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2006-11-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209242-6
    ISSN 1471-2954 ; 0962-8452 ; 0080-4649 ; 0950-1193
    ISSN (online) 1471-2954
    ISSN 0962-8452 ; 0080-4649 ; 0950-1193
    DOI 10.1098/rspb.2006.3646
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