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Article: Fetal Epicardial Fat Thickness: Its Role as Marker for Gestational Diabetic Mellitus.

Singh, Amandeep / Josan, Amitojveer S / Gupta, Kamlesh / Pahwa, Sangeeta

The Indian journal of radiology & imaging

2023 Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 302–308

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-04
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605869-3
ISSN	0971-3026 ; 0970-2016
ISSN	0971-3026 ; 0970-2016
DOI	10.1055/s-0043-1762936
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Reference values for the cross-sectional area of normal radial nerve at two levels using high-resolution ultrasonography

Singh Kunwar Pal / Goindi Achal Singh / Gupta Kamlesh

Journal of Ultrasonography, Vol 21, Iss 85, Pp 112-

2021 Volume 126

Abstract: Aim of the study: High-resolution ultrasound is less often used to evaluate the radial nerves. The radial nerve is often involved in entrapment syndromes. The aim of the study is to establish the reference values for the cross-sectional area of the ... ...

Abstract	Aim of the study: High-resolution ultrasound is less often used to evaluate the radial nerves. The radial nerve is often involved in entrapment syndromes. The aim of the study is to establish the reference values for the cross-sectional area of the normal radial nerve on high-resolution ultrasonography, and to identify relationships between the cross-sectional area and the subject’s age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, and hand dominance. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 200 subjects of both sexes, between 18 and 75 years of age, who did not have history of peripheral neuropathy or trauma to the upper limb. High-resolution real-time sonographic examination of the radial nerves was performed in both arms at two different levels. Level 1 was taken just proximal to the nerve bifurcation, and level 2 just after the nerve exits the spiral grove. Results: The mean cross-sectional area measured at level 2 (4.3 ± 0.4 mm2) was greater than that measured at level 1 (2.3 ± 0.3 mm2). No significant relationship was seen with age and hand dominance (p >0.05), but the cross-sectional area values at above mentioned levels were larger in males than in females (p <0.05). In addition, the cross-sectional areas of the radial nerves showed a positive correlation with height, weight, and body mass index (p <0.05). Conclusion: The established ultrasonographic reference values along with basic clinical data will aid in the diagnosis, response to treatment, and prognostic evaluation of peripheral neuropathies.
Keywords	radial nerve ; high resolution ultrasonography ; ultrasound ; cross-sectional area ; peripheral nerves ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Medical technology ; R855-855.5
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sciendo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Reference values for the cross-sectional area of the normal sciatic nerve using high-resolution ultrasonography

Singh Kunwar Pal / Singh Prabhjot / Gupta Kamlesh

Journal of Ultrasonography, Vol 21, Iss 85, Pp 95-

2021 Volume 104

Abstract: Aim: High-resolution ultrasonography is a new and promising technique to evaluate peripheral and spinal nerves. Its validity as a diagnostic tool in neurological diseases has been demonstrated in adults. The aims of study were to establish the reference ... ...

Abstract	Aim: High-resolution ultrasonography is a new and promising technique to evaluate peripheral and spinal nerves. Its validity as a diagnostic tool in neurological diseases has been demonstrated in adults. The aims of study were to establish the reference values for the cross-sectional area of the normal sciatic nerve on high-resolution ultrasonography, and to determine the relationship between the cross-sectional area of the normal sciatic nerve and the subjects’ age, gender, height (in cm), weight (in kg), and body mass index. Material and methods: Two hundred subjects of both genders and above 18 years of age were studied with high-resolution ultrasonography. The subjects had no history of peripheral neuropathy or trauma to the lower limb. The cross-sectional areas of the normal sciatic nerves were obtained at two different levels in both lower limbs. The mean cross-sectional areas of the sciatic nerves were measured at two different levels, one located at 1 cm above the bifurcation of the sciatic nerve into the tibial and common peroneal nerves, and the other 4 cm above the bifurcation of the sciatic nerve into the tibial and common peroneal nerves. Results: A positive correlation of the mean cross-sectional area was established with height, weight, and body mass index. Women had smaller cross-sectional areas of the normal sciatic nerves than men at both measuring sites. No significant relationship was established with the age of the subjects. Conclusions: The established reference values of the cross-sectional area of the sciatic nerve can facilitate the analysis of pathological nerve conditions.
Keywords	sciatic nerve ; cross-sectional area ; high-resolution ultrasonography ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Medical technology ; R855-855.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sciendo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Amphotericin B induced pancytopenia.

Vaish, Esha / Gupta, Kamlesh K / Ansari, Shahnawaz A / Singh, Kaushal K

Journal of family medicine and primary care

2022 Volume 11, Issue 9, Page(s) 5692–5695

Abstract: Amphotericin B (AMB) has been the irreplaceable drug of choice for countless fungal and protozoal infections. One of the lesser-known adverse effects of AMB is Pancytopenia - very rare with very few cases reported - most commonly observed following ... ...

Abstract	Amphotericin B (AMB) has been the irreplaceable drug of choice for countless fungal and protozoal infections. One of the lesser-known adverse effects of AMB is Pancytopenia - very rare with very few cases reported - most commonly observed following prolonged administration. We report the case of a patient suffering from visceral leishmaniasis, who developed worsening pancytopenia four to five days after being administered a single bolus dose of Liposomal Amphotericin B (L-AMB). The diagnosis was clinical and management involved supportive care, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). AMB is an effective drug, but is also associated with numerous side effects. Physicians are well-versed with the more frequently seen adverse drug reactions and their management. However, pancytopenia, being a rare adverse reaction to AMB, is less known and can be easily overlooked. This case report aims to ensure that the physicians must be aware of such possibilities in the first place to make swift diagnoses and management. The condition itself is seemingly self-limiting, although GM-CSF may be needed in refractory cases. It's true that few previous case reports have indicated pancytopenia in association with prolonged AMB exposure, but we believe certain conditions may predispose a patient to a more acute presentation - as seen in our case.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-14
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2735275-4
ISSN	2278-7135 ; 2249-4863
ISSN (online)	2278-7135
ISSN	2249-4863
DOI	10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_321_22
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Reference values for the cross-sectional area of normal radial nerve at two levels using high-resolution ultrasonography.

Singh, Kunwar Pal / Goindi, Achal Singh / Gupta, Kamlesh

Journal of ultrasonography

2021 Volume 21, Issue 85, Page(s) e112–e126

Abstract	Aim of the study: High-resolution ultrasound is less often used to evaluate the radial nerves. The radial nerve is often involved in entrapment syndromes. The aim of the study is to establish the reference values for the cross-sectional area of the normal radial nerve on high-resolution ultrasonography, and to identify relationships between the cross-sectional area and the subject's age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, and hand dominance. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 200 subjects of both sexes, between 18 and 75 years of age, who did not have history of peripheral neuropathy or trauma to the upper limb. High-resolution real-time sonographic examination of the radial nerves was performed in both arms at two different levels. Level 1 was taken just proximal to the nerve bifurcation, and level 2 just after the nerve exits the spiral grove. Results: The mean cross-sectional area measured at level 2 (4.3 ± 0.4 mm Conclusion: The established ultrasonographic reference values along with basic clinical data will aid in the diagnosis, response to treatment, and prognostic evaluation of peripheral neuropathies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-18
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2843824-3
ISSN	2084-8404
ISSN	2084-8404
DOI	10.15557/JoU.2021.0020
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Reference values for the cross-sectional area of the normal sciatic nerve using high-resolution ultrasonography.

Singh, Kunwar Pal / Singh, Prabhjot / Gupta, Kamlesh

Journal of ultrasonography

2021 Volume 21, Issue 85, Page(s) e95–e104

Abstract	Aim: High-resolution ultrasonography is a new and promising technique to evaluate peripheral and spinal nerves. Its validity as a diagnostic tool in neurological diseases has been demonstrated in adults. The aims of study were to establish the reference values for the cross-sectional area of the normal sciatic nerve on high-resolution ultrasonography, and to determine the relationship between the cross-sectional area of the normal sciatic nerve and the subjects' age, gender, height (in cm), weight (in kg), and body mass index. Material and methods: Two hundred subjects of both genders and above 18 years of age were studied with high-resolution ultrasonography. The subjects had no history of peripheral neuropathy or trauma to the lower limb. The cross-sectional areas of the normal sciatic nerves were obtained at two different levels in both lower limbs. The mean cross-sectional areas of the sciatic nerves were measured at two different levels, one located at 1 cm above the bifurcation of the sciatic nerve into the tibial and common peroneal nerves, and the other 4 cm above the bifurcation of the sciatic nerve into the tibial and common peroneal nerves. Results: A positive correlation of the mean cross-sectional area was established with height, weight, and body mass index. Women had smaller cross-sectional areas of the normal sciatic nerves than men at both measuring sites. No significant relationship was established with the age of the subjects. Conclusions: The established reference values of the cross-sectional area of the sciatic nerve can facilitate the analysis of pathological nerve conditions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-18
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2843824-3
ISSN	2084-8404
ISSN	2084-8404
DOI	10.15557/JoU.2021.0018
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Article: Fetal Epicardial Fat Thickness: Its Role as Marker for Gestational Diabetic Mellitus

Singh, Amandeep / Josan, Amitojveer S. / Gupta, Kamlesh / Pahwa, Sangeeta

Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging

2023 Volume 33, Issue 03, Page(s) 302–308

Abstract: Background: There are very few studies on the association between fetal epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).: Aims: To evaluate the role of fetal epicardial fat thickness as a marker and use it in pregnancies to ... ...

Abstract	Background: There are very few studies on the association between fetal epicardial fat thickness (EFT) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Aims: To evaluate the role of fetal epicardial fat thickness as a marker and use it in pregnancies to screen for GDM. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging at Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, after the due clearance from the institutional research and ethics committee. Materials and Methods: The study included pregnant patients at 24 + 0/6 to 28 + 0/6 weeks of gestation scheduled for a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test from December 1, 2020 to March 30, 2022. Antenatal ultrasound was performed on Voluson E8 Expert BT12 (Wipro GE) ultrasound machine. Out of 180 patients, 60 patients were selected, that is, 30 patients with raised 75 g OGTT results (cases of GDM) and 30 patients with normal 75 g OGTT results. Statistical Analysis: The collected data were transformed into variables, coded, and entered into Microsoft Excel. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, student's t -test or Mann–Whiney U test, chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test and statistically evaluated using the SPSS-PC-25 version. Results: Fetal EFT was found to be significantly more in the GDM group in comparison to controls without GDM, and the increased fetal EFT was positively associated with 2-hour OGTT serum glucose values. The mean fetal epicardial fat thickness (EFT) in mothers with GDM was significantly larger, i.e., 0.17 ± 0.02 cm than in mothers without GDM, i.e., 0.12 ± 0.01 cm ( p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve plotted from values calculated from our results shows high sensitivity (i.e., 96.67%) and specificity (i.e., 90%) of fetal EFT as a predictor for GDM with an AUROC value of 0.96 and 95% confidence interval of 0.92 to 1.0. Conclusions: EFT was significantly higher in fetuses of diabetic versus nondiabetic mothers. The mean difference in EFT of GDM cases and controls was relatively small but was statistically significant. The study concluded that measuring the epicardial fat thickness in fetuses can serve as a novel marker in GDM.
Keywords	epicardial fat thickness ; fetal ; gestational diabetes
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-04
Publisher	Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	605869-3
ISSN	1998-3808 ; 0971-3026 ; 0970-2016
ISSN (online)	1998-3808
ISSN	0971-3026 ; 0970-2016
DOI	10.1055/s-0043-1762936
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article ; Online: Scrub Typhus and its co-infection with Leptospirosis at a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh.

Husain, Uneza / Kalyan, Raj Kumar / Jahan, Asmat / Gupta, Kamlesh Kumar / Verma, Sanjeev Kumar

Tropical doctor

2022 Volume 52, Issue 2, Page(s) 302–303

Abstract: The diagnosis of Scrub Typhus is now improving with the availability of an array of serological tests at the majority of diagnostic centres and of molecular tests at advanced laboratories. Our study focuses on evaluating the spectrum of Scrub Typhus and ... ...

Abstract	The diagnosis of Scrub Typhus is now improving with the availability of an array of serological tests at the majority of diagnostic centres and of molecular tests at advanced laboratories. Our study focuses on evaluating the spectrum of Scrub Typhus and its coinfection with Leptospirosis in patients presenting with acute febrile illness. A total of 1743 blood samples were collected from both In and Out Patient Department (OPD) patients and analyzed for anti
MeSH term(s)	Coinfection/diagnosis ; Coinfection/epidemiology ; Fever/diagnosis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; India ; Leptospirosis/complications ; Leptospirosis/diagnosis ; Leptospirosis/epidemiology ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Scrub Typhus/complications ; Scrub Typhus/diagnosis ; Scrub Typhus/epidemiology ; Tertiary Care Centers
Chemical Substances	Immunoglobulin M
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	193169-6
ISSN	1758-1133 ; 0049-4755
ISSN (online)	1758-1133
ISSN	0049-4755
DOI	10.1177/00494755221077744
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Article ; Online: Nontubercular bacterial and fungal infections in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Khandelwal, Akash / Chaudhary, Shyam Chand / Verma, Ajay Kumar / Sawlani, Kamal Kumar / Gupta, Kamlesh Kumar / Himanshu, Dandu / Sonkar, Satyendra Kumar / Verma, Sudhir Kumar

Annals of African medicine

2023 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 77–81

Abstract: Introduction: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), frequently due to respiratory tract infection is the major cause of morbidity and mortality, and estimate suggests that it is currently the third leading cause of death ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), frequently due to respiratory tract infection is the major cause of morbidity and mortality, and estimate suggests that it is currently the third leading cause of death worldwide. Aims and objectives: This study aims to study the prevalence of nontubercular bacterial and fungal infections in patients of COPD. Materials and methods: It is an observational study done for 1-year period from August 2017 to July 2018. A total of 100 COPD patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed in the present study. These cases were classified according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) combined assessment criteria and subjected to sputum or in some cases Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid examination for nontubercular bacterial and fungal pathogens. Serum galactomannan assay, bronchoscopy, and computed tomography chest were done in selected cases. Results: The age of the study population ranged from 40 to 85 years and the mean age was 60.01 ± 9.85 years. Majority of the patients were male (81.0%) and most (78.0%) of them were smokers. Most of the patients belonged to GOLD Grades 2 and 3. Forty-six percent of the patients did show pathogenic organisms in sputum examination. Out of these, 80.4% were bacterial, mainly Gram-negative organisms (Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Proteus, and Citrobacter) and 19.6% of cases were having fungal infections (Candida and Aspergillus). Conclusions: Increasing patient age, smoking habit, and severity of COPD were related to an increasing frequency of bacterial and fungal infections. Early detection and proper treatment could help in preventing the morbidity and mortality related to COPD.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology ; Smoking ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/microbiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology ; Mycoses
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2165792-0
ISSN	0975-5764 ; 0975-5764
ISSN (online)	0975-5764
ISSN	0975-5764
DOI	10.4103/aam.aam_186_21
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Article ; Online: Culture-independent identification of bloodstream infections from whole blood: prospective evaluation in specimens of known infection status.

Iyer, Vidya / Castro, Daniel / Malla, Bipin / Panda, Britta / Rabson, Arthur R / Horowitz, Gary / Heger, Nicholas / Gupta, Kamlesh / Singer, Alon / Norwitz, Errol R

Journal of clinical microbiology

2024 Volume 62, Issue 3, Page(s) e0149823

Abstract: Sepsis caused by bloodstream infection (BSI) is a major healthcare burden and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Timely diagnosis is critical to optimize clinical outcome, as mortality rates rise every hour treatment is delayed. Blood ... ...

Abstract	Sepsis caused by bloodstream infection (BSI) is a major healthcare burden and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Timely diagnosis is critical to optimize clinical outcome, as mortality rates rise every hour treatment is delayed. Blood culture remains the "gold standard" for diagnosis but is limited by its long turnaround time (1-7 days depending on the organism) and its potential to provide false-negative results due to interference by antimicrobial therapy or the presence of mixed (i.e., polymicrobial) infections. In this paper, we evaluated the performance of resistance and pathogen ID/BSI, a direct-from-specimen molecular assay. To reduce the false-positivity rate common with molecular methods, this assay isolates and detects genomic material only from viable microorganisms in the blood by incorporating a novel precursor step to selectively lyse host and non-viable microbial cells and remove cell-free genomic material prior to lysis and analysis of microbial cells. Here, we demonstrate that the assay is free of interference from host immune cells and common antimicrobial agents at elevated concentrations. We also demonstrate the accuracy of this technology in a prospective cohort pilot study of individuals with known sepsis/BSI status, including samples from both positive and negative individuals. Importance: Blood culture remains the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of sepsis/bloodstream infection (BSI) but has many limitations which may lead to a delay in appropriate and accurate treatment in patients. Molecular diagnostic methods have the potential for markedly improving the management of such patients through faster turnaround times and increased accuracy. But molecular diagnostic methods have not been widely adopted for the identification of BSIs. By incorporating a precursor step of selective lysis of host and non-viable microorganisms, our resistance and pathogen ID (RaPID)/BSI molecular assay addresses many limitations of blood culture and other molecular assay. The RaPID/BSI assay has an approximate turnaround time of 4 hours, thereby significantly reducing the time to appropriate and accurate diagnosis of causative microorganisms in such patients. The short turnaround time also allows for close to real-time tracking of pathogenic clearance of microorganisms from the blood of these patients or if a change of antimicrobial regimen is required. Thus, the RaPID/BSI molecular assay helps with optimization of antimicrobial stewardship; prompt and accurate diagnosis of sepsis/BSI could help target timely treatment and reduce mortality and morbidity in such patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Sepsis/diagnosis ; Communicable Diseases ; Bacterial Infections ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacteremia/diagnosis
Chemical Substances	Anti-Infective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390499-4
ISSN	1098-660X ; 0095-1137
ISSN (online)	1098-660X
ISSN	0095-1137
DOI	10.1128/jcm.01498-23
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