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Article ; Online: Increase in driving after cocaine use in Spain: a cross-sectional dataset analysis for 2021.

García-Mingo, Mercedes / Martín-Fernández, Marta / Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / Álvarez, F Javier

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) 1178300

Abstract: Objective: Driving under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs impairs skills essential for safe driving, increases the risk of being involved in a traffic accident and is particularly prevalent in Spain. The aim is to assess the prevalence of positive ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Driving under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs impairs skills essential for safe driving, increases the risk of being involved in a traffic accident and is particularly prevalent in Spain. The aim is to assess the prevalence of positive substance driving cases, what factors may be associated with driving after substance use, and the evolution of the progress in the prevalence of drug use among drivers in drivers based on the 2008, 2013, 2018, and 2021 studies. Study design and setting: The present study was conducted in a representative sample of Spanish drivers in 2021 for alcohol (breath) and psychoactive substances [oral fluid (OF)]. The sample size was 2980 drivers, mostly males (76.5%) with a mean age of 41.35 ± 13.34 years. Results: In 2021, 9.3% of drivers tested positive for alcohol and/or drugs. The presence of alcohol alone was observed in 4.2% of drivers, alcohol and another substance in 0.3%, a single drug in 4.4%, and two or drugs other than alcohol in 0.4%. Overall, cocaine cases were the highest registered in 2021 (2.4%), while cannabis (1.9%) and polydrug cases (0.7%) were the lowest, with respect to the 2008/2013/2018 studies. Conclusions: According to our research, in 2021, 9 out of 100 drivers were detected to have some substance in their system. This prevalence remains unacceptably high in Spain, with a marked increase in the frequency of driving after cocaine use. Further interventions and measures must be taken to avoid driving under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Illicit Drugs/analysis ; Substance Abuse Detection/methods ; Spain/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Ethanol/analysis ; Cocaine/analysis
Chemical Substances	Illicit Drugs ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M) ; Cocaine (I5Y540LHVR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1178300
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Article: Medication economic burden of antidepressant non-adherence in Spain.

Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / Pedrosa-Naudín, M Aránzazu / Fernández-Lázaro, Diego / Alvarez, F Javier

Frontiers in pharmacology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1266034

Abstract: Introduction: ...

Abstract	Introduction:
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-14
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587355-6
ISSN	1663-9812
ISSN	1663-9812
DOI	10.3389/fphar.2023.1266034
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Article ; Online: Trends in the use of antihistamines with reference to drivers between 2015 and 2019: A population-based registry analysis.

Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / Herrera-Gómez, Francisco / Álvarez, Francisco Javier

Fundamental & clinical pharmacology

2021 Volume 35, Issue 6, Page(s) 1168–1178

Abstract: Background: First-generation antihistamines are considered driving-impairing medicines (DIM), while second- and third-generation antihistamines are relatively safe for driving.: Objectives: The aim of this study was to know the trend of consumption ... ...

Abstract	Background: First-generation antihistamines are considered driving-impairing medicines (DIM), while second- and third-generation antihistamines are relatively safe for driving. Objectives: The aim of this study was to know the trend of consumption of antihistamines and other DIMs in Spain between 2015 and 2019. Methods: This is a population-based registry study. The population distribution by age and gender has been taken into account, as well the treatment duration with these medicines and the concomitant use of other DIMs. Adjusted consumption for licensed drivers is also presented. Results: Between 2015 and 2019, antihistamines were dispensed to 12.1% of the population and 9.25% of drivers. Oral antihistamines are the most consumed with 85.83%, and generally more used by women than men. Regardless of systemic antihistamines, the second-generation were the most consumed (8.9%) followed by the third-generation (2.07%) and the first-generation (0.61%). Subacute use was predominant in second -generation antihistamines (4.96%) and third-generation (1.26%), while acute use was predominant in third-generation antihistamines. On the other hand, only 0.36% of the population consumed antihistamines daily. The concomitant use of antihistamines with other DIMS was considerable, especially anxiolytics, opioids, other analgesics and antipyretics and antidepressants. The results in drivers were similar than in the general population. Conclusions: The use of antihistamines has increased in recent years, however, in Spain, the use of less sedatives predominates, which is safe for driving. Finally, it is important to consider that concomitant use with other DIMs was frequent, which may affect the fitness to drive.
MeSH term(s)	Automobile Driving ; Female ; Histamine Antagonists/adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Registries
Chemical Substances	Histamine Antagonists
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	639134-5
ISSN	1472-8206 ; 0767-3981
ISSN (online)	1472-8206
ISSN	0767-3981
DOI	10.1111/fcp.12680
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Article ; Online: Tendencia del consumo de fárma-cos en el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad en niños y adolescentes (2010-2019).

Prieto Antolín, Beatriz / Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / Alberola López, Susana / Andrés de Llano, Jesús María

Revista espanola de salud publica

2022 Volume 96

Abstract: Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder characterised primarily by three core symptoms: inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. It is one of the most commonly diagnosed childhood ... ...

Title translation	Trend in medicines use for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents (2010-2019).
Abstract	Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder characterised primarily by three core symptoms: inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. It is one of the most commonly diagnosed childhood psychiatric disorders, with a worldwide prevalence of between 3% and 5%, and between 6% and 7% in the Spanish population. The aim of the study is to analyse the trend in the consumption of drugs used for the treatment of ADHD between 2010-2019 in Castilla y León. Methods: Epidemiological registry study of all dispensing in pharmacies in Castilla y León between 2010 and 2019 to patients under 19 years of age, of active substance N06BA04 (methylphenidate), N06BA09 (atomoxetine), N06BA12 (lisdexamfetamine), N06BA07 (modafinil) and C02AC02 (guanfacine). Data on drug use were obtained from the information system for the pharmaceutical provision of Castilla y León, CONCYLIA. Frequencies in absolute values and the corresponding percentages were calculated. Student's t-test was used to estimate differences between continuous variables and Pearson's Chi-square test for categorical variables, while the trend in consumption was analysed using the Cochran-Armitage test. Results: ADHD medication was dispensed annually to 1.77% of the population, with consumption being more than three times higher in boys than in girls (2.69% vs 0.81%; p=0.001). The age group with the highest peak use was 10-14 years with 3.42%. Methylphenidate was the drug used by the highest percentage of the population (2.44%) followed by lisdexamfetamine (0.37%). Conclusions: Approximately 2 out of every 100 people aged 0-19 years were treated with some ADHD medication, mainly methylphenidate, in Castilla y León between 2010 and 2019.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/drug therapy ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology ; Central Nervous System Stimulants/therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Methylphenidate/therapeutic use ; Spain/epidemiology ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Central Nervous System Stimulants ; Methylphenidate (207ZZ9QZ49)
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2022-03-23
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1288657-9
ISSN	2173-9110 ; 0034-8899 ; 1135-5727
ISSN (online)	2173-9110
ISSN	0034-8899 ; 1135-5727
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Article ; Online: Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Population-Based Registry Analysis to Assess Clinical Findings, Pharmacological Treatment and Survival.

Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / Herrera-Gómez, Francisco / Pedrosa-Naudín, M Aránzazu / Tamayo, Eduardo / Álvarez, F Javier

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

2022 Volume 58, Issue 6

Abstract: Background and Objectives: One of the most serious clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The aim is to analyze pharmacological treatment, survival and the main mortality predictors. ... ...

Abstract	Background and Objectives: One of the most serious clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The aim is to analyze pharmacological treatment, survival and the main mortality predictors. Materials and Methods: A real-world data study from COVID-19-hospitalized patients with SARS from 1 March to 31 May 2020 has been carried out. Variables such as hospital length of stay, ventilation type and clinical outcomes have been taken into account. Results: In Castile and Leon, 14.03% of the 7307 in-hospital COVID-19 patients developed SARS, with a mortality rate of 42.53%. SARS prevalence was doubled in males compared to females, and 78.54% had an age of 65 years or more. The most commonly used medicines were antibiotics (89.27%), antimalarials (68.1%) and corticosteroids (55.9%). Survival of patients developing SARS was lower compared to patients without this complication (12 vs. 13 days). The main death predictors were disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (OR: 13.87) and age (>65 years) (OR: 7.35). Conclusions: Patients older than 65 years who develop DIC have a higher probability of hospital death. Tocilizumab and steroids have been linked to a lower incidence of hospital death, being the main treatment for COVID-19 hospitalized patients with SARS.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Registries ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Chemical Substances	Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2188113-3
ISSN	1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
ISSN (online)	1648-9144
ISSN	1010-660X
DOI	10.3390/medicina58060829
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Article: Trends in the Use of Driving-Impairing Medicines According to the DRUID Category: A Population-Based Registry Study with Reference to Driving in a Region of Spain between 2015 and 2019.

Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / Criado-Espegel, Paloma / Pedrosa-Naudín, M Aránzazu / Fernández-Lázaro, Diego / Herrera-Gómez, Francisco / Álvarez, F Javier

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 16, Issue 4

Abstract: The European DRUID (Drive Under the Influence of drugs, alcohol, and medicines) program classifies medications into three categories according to their effect on one's fitness to drive. The trend in the use of driving-impairing medicines (DIMs) in a ... ...

Abstract	The European DRUID (Drive Under the Influence of drugs, alcohol, and medicines) program classifies medications into three categories according to their effect on one's fitness to drive. The trend in the use of driving-impairing medicines (DIMs) in a region of Spain between 2015 and 2019 was analyzed through a population-based registry study. Pharmacy dispensing records for DIMs are provided. The use of DIMs on drivers was weighted according to the national driver's license census. The analysis was performed considering the population distribution by age and sex, treatment length, and the three DRUID categories. DIMs were used by 36.46% of the population and 27.91% of drivers, mainly chronically, with considerable daily use (8.04% and 5.34%, respectively). Use was more common in females than in males (42.28% vs. 30.44%) and increased with age. Among drivers, consumption decreases after 60 years of age for females and after 75 years of age for males. There was a 34% increase in the use of DIMs between 2015 and 2019, with a focus on daily use (>60%). The general population took 2.27 ± 1.76 DIMs, fundamentally category II (moderate influence on fitness to drive) (20.3%) and category III (severe influence on fitness to drive) (19.08%). The use of DIMs by the general population and drivers is significant and has increased in recent years. The integration of the DRUID classification into electronic prescription tools would assist physicians and pharmacists in providing adequate information to the patient about the effects of prescribed medications on their fitness to drive.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2193542-7
ISSN	1424-8247
ISSN	1424-8247
DOI	10.3390/ph16040508
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Article ; Online: Impact of Innovative Treatment Using Biological Drugs for the Modulation of Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.

Fernández-Lázaro, Diego / Iglesias-Lázaro, María / Garrosa, Evelina / Rodríguez-García, Saray / Jerves Donoso, David / Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / Jorge-Finnigan, Conrado

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)

2023 Volume 59, Issue 2

Abstract: Scleroderma or systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease affecting the connective tissue, characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. There is currently no curative treatment available, so therapeutic action is aimed at a ... ...

Abstract	Scleroderma or systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease affecting the connective tissue, characterized by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. There is currently no curative treatment available, so therapeutic action is aimed at a symptomatic treatment of the affected organs. The development of biotechnology has made it possible to implement certain biological drugs that could represent a window of opportunity to modulate the evolution and symptomatology of scleroderma with greater efficacy and less toxicity than conventional treatments. This study aimed to review the current evidence critically and systematically on the effects of biological drugs on the pulmonary function, skin disease, and health status of patients afflicted by diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc). Three electronic databases (Pubmed, Dialnet, and Cochrane Library Plus) were systematically searched until the cut-off date of October 2022. The review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and included original articles in English and Spanish with a controlled trial design, comparing biological drug treatments (tocilizumab, belimumab, riociguat, abatacept, and romilkimab) with a control group. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the McMaster quantitative form and the PEDro scale. A total of 383 studies were identified, 6 of them met the established criteria and were included in the present systematic review. A total of 426 patients treated with tocilizumab, belimumab, riociguat, abatacept, and romilkimab were included. The results showed substantial non-significant (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Scleroderma, Diffuse/drug therapy ; Abatacept/therapeutic use ; Biological Products/therapeutic use ; Scleroderma, Systemic/drug therapy ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Fibrosis
Chemical Substances	Abatacept (7D0YB67S97) ; Biological Products ; Antibodies, Monoclonal
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2188113-3
ISSN	1648-9144 ; 1010-660X
ISSN (online)	1648-9144
ISSN	1010-660X
DOI	10.3390/medicina59020247
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Article ; Online: A Population-Based Registry Analysis on Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Previous Cardiovascular Disease: Clinical Profile, Treatment, and Predictors of Death.

Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / Herrera-Gómez, Francisco / Martín-García, Débora / Tamayo, Eduardo / Álvarez, Francisco Javier

Journal of cardiovascular development and disease

2021 Volume 8, Issue 12

Abstract: A high percentage of patients with COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) have previous cardiovascular disease (CVD). The findings presented here came from an epidemiological population-based registry study (real-world data) that enrolled all in-hospital ... ...

Abstract	A high percentage of patients with COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) have previous cardiovascular disease (CVD). The findings presented here came from an epidemiological population-based registry study (real-world data) that enrolled all in-hospital COVID-19 patients with previous CVD from 1 March to 31 May 2020. Death, other comorbidities, hospital stay variables, ventilation type, and main clinical outcomes were evaluated. In Castile and Leon, 35.83% of the 7307 in-hospital COVID-19 patients who participated in this study had previous CVD, particularly arrhythmias (48.97%), cerebrovascular disease (25.02%), ischemic heart disease (22.8%), and chronic heart failure (20.82%). Of the patients, 21.36% were men and more than 90% were over 65 years of age, and the mortality rate achieved 32.93%. The most used medicines were antibiotics (91.41%), antimalarials (73.3%), steroids (46.64%), and antivirals (43.16%). The main predictors of death were age over 65 years (OR: 5), ventilation needs (OR: 2.81), treatment with anti-SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) medicines (OR: 1.97), antivirals (OR: 1.74) or steroids (OR: 1.68), SIRS (OR: 5.75), SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) (OR: 2.44), or AKI (acute kidney injury) (OR: 1.63) occurrence. Chronic heart failure and cerebrovascular disease were associated with a worse clinical course of COVID-19, especially in men older than 65 years with diabetes who developed SIRS, SARS, or AKI.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2777082-5
ISSN	2308-3425 ; 2308-3425
ISSN (online)	2308-3425
ISSN	2308-3425
DOI	10.3390/jcdd8120167
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Article ; Online: Positivity to Cocaine and/or Benzoylecgonine in Confirmation Analyses for On-Road Tests in Spain.

Herrera-Gómez, Francisco / Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / García-Mingo, Mercedes / Álvarez, F Javier

International journal of environmental research and public health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 10

Abstract: We are using real-life data in order to determine the prevalence of driving with the presence of cocaine and/or benzoylecgonine (BZE), their concentrations, and their use in combination with other drugs. This study assessed data on Spanish drivers with ... ...

Abstract	We are using real-life data in order to determine the prevalence of driving with the presence of cocaine and/or benzoylecgonine (BZE), their concentrations, and their use in combination with other drugs. This study assessed data on Spanish drivers with confirmed drug-positive results recorded by the Spanish National Traffic Agency from 2011-2016. Frequencies of positivity for cocaine and/or BZE and concentration of such substances were obtained. Comparisons and univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. Drivers who tested positive for cocaine and/or BZE accounted for 48.59% of the total positive results for drugs. In positive cases for both cocaine and BZE, other substances were detected in 81.74%: delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (68.19%), opioids (20.78%) and amphetamine-like substances (16.76%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the frequency of cocaine and/or BZE positive cases decreased with age (OR:0.97) and were less likely among women (OR:0.63). Concentrations (ng/mL) of cocaine (249.30) and BZE (137.90) were higher when both substances were detected together than when detected alone. Positivity to cocaine represented an important proportion among Spanish drivers who tested positive for drugs, and polysubstance use was especially observed in more than 8 out of 10 positive cases for cocaine and/or BZE.
MeSH term(s)	Cocaine/analogs & derivatives ; Cocaine-Related Disorders/diagnosis ; Cocaine-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Spain/epidemiology ; Substance Abuse Detection
Chemical Substances	benzoylecgonine (5353I8I6YS) ; Cocaine (I5Y540LHVR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph18105371
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Article: Clinical Profile, Pharmacological Treatment, and Predictors of Death Among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: A Population-Based Registry Analysis.

Gutiérrez-Abejón, Eduardo / Martín-García, Débora / Tamayo, Eduardo / Álvarez, F Javier / Herrera-Gómez, Francisco

Frontiers in medicine

2021 Volume 8, Page(s) 657977

Abstract: Introduction: ...

Abstract	Introduction:
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775999-4
ISSN	2296-858X
ISSN	2296-858X
DOI	10.3389/fmed.2021.657977
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