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  1. Article ; Online: Where Are the Questions About Firearms?: An Analysis of US Federal Public Health Survey Data Infrastructure.

    Donelan, Karen / Guzikowski, Sophia / Buonomo, Giancarlo / Galls, Alexandra / Sacks, Chana A / Masiakos, Peter T

    Annals of surgery

    2022  Volume 278, Issue 2, Page(s) 297–300

    Abstract: Objective: To evaluate existing federal survey data infrastructure pertaining to firearms and firearm-related violence.: Background: Firearm-related violence results in >40,000 deaths in the United States each year. Limited federal investments over ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To evaluate existing federal survey data infrastructure pertaining to firearms and firearm-related violence.
    Background: Firearm-related violence results in >40,000 deaths in the United States each year. Limited federal investments over the past 25 years have restricted a systematic approach to federal data collection related to firearms.
    Methods: We conducted a systematized review of the 22 continuously administered public health surveys in the US Federal Statistical System conducted between 1995 and 2020. Surveys were included if they addressed 1 of 4 areas of inquiry: (1) firearms; (2) exposure to or experience of firearm-related, intimate partner, or other interpersonal violence; (3) substance use and substance use disorder; (4) behavioral health. Descriptive statistics were used to report the frequency of relevant questions.
    Results: Nine of 22 surveys were focused on one of these domains and included in this analysis, 7 focused on adults (total 128 survey administrations over the study period) and 2 on youth and adolescents (total 30 administrations). Among all adult surveys, questions related to firearm use were asked 20% of the time, firearm-related violence 4%, firearm ownership 23%; in youth surveys, firearm use was addressed 0 times, firearm-related violence 57%, and firearm ownership 90%.
    Conclusions: Reliable national data are critical to understanding firearm-related violence as well as to developing, implementing, and evaluating public health measures to address it. Improving the consistency of questions pertaining to firearm access and experiences of violence in federal surveys offers an opportunity to improve national data infrastructure.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Adolescent ; Humans ; United States ; Firearms ; Public Health ; Violence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Health Surveys
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 340-2
    ISSN 1528-1140 ; 0003-4932
    ISSN (online) 1528-1140
    ISSN 0003-4932
    DOI 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005686
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The needs of family caregivers of persons living with dementia cared for in primary care practices.

    Vetter, Michael / Donelan, Karen / Guzikowski, Sophia / Michael, Carie / Ritchie, Christine S / Vogeli, Christine / Forester, Brent P

    Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

    2023  Volume 29, Issue 8, Page(s) 1243–1246

    Abstract: Rationale: The informal caregivers who provide unpaid support for persons living with dementia (PLWD) are often unprepared to appropriately manage symptoms and navigate health services to support themselves or the PLWD.: Aim: To understand informal ... ...

    Abstract Rationale: The informal caregivers who provide unpaid support for persons living with dementia (PLWD) are often unprepared to appropriately manage symptoms and navigate health services to support themselves or the PLWD.
    Aim: To understand informal caregivers' perceived capabilities of handling dementia symptomology and perceived support from providers.
    Methods: We identified and surveyed caregivers of primary care patients in the Mass General Brigham health system. We included a self-efficacy questionnaire to assess caregivers' ability and confidence in access to dementia care, symptom management, and provider support.
    Results: Respondents indicated that although their provider had knowledge of dementia and memory care, they were least likely to agree (39.2%) that their provider helped them with these challenging symptoms. Those who live with the care recipient were least likely to receive advice about common symptoms (43.6%) and to access community services (63.8%), and in general felt moderately knowledgeable about the progression of the disease (47.9%).
    Conclusions: The findings imply that caregivers are aware of disease progression, dementia symptoms, and do not feel supported by their providers in managing care or accessing support services. There is opportunity to support informal caregivers in a primary care setting by appropriately uptraining providers in dementia care.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Caregivers ; Dementia/therapy ; Health Services ; Primary Health Care
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1327355-3
    ISSN 1365-2753 ; 1356-1294
    ISSN (online) 1365-2753
    ISSN 1356-1294
    DOI 10.1111/jep.13919
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  3. Article ; Online: The roles and clinical activities of registered nurses and nurse practitioners in practices caring for older adults.

    Buerhaus, Peter I / Chang, Yuchiao / DesRoches, Catherine / Guzikowski, Sophia / Norman, Linda / Donelan, Karen

    Nursing outlook

    2021  Volume 69, Issue 3, Page(s) 380–388

    Abstract: Background: Population aging and physician shortages have motivated recommendations of increased use of registered nurses in care provision; little is known about RN and NP employment in primary care and geriatric practices or service types each provide. ...

    Abstract Background: Population aging and physician shortages have motivated recommendations of increased use of registered nurses in care provision; little is known about RN and NP employment in primary care and geriatric practices or service types each provide.
    Purpose: Determine current RN and NP employment frequency in practices in the U.S., identify services provided by RNs, and whether NP presence in practice is associated with the types and frequency of services provided by RNs.
    Methods: National survey of 410 primary care and geriatric clinicians.
    Findings: Only half of practices employed RNs. RNs most frequently provide teaching or education for chronic disease management. RNs provide significantly more primary care and geriatric services when practices employed a NP.
    Discussion: Reasons for RN underuse in practices should be identified, clinical placements in such practices should increase, and NP education programs should include care models using RNs to their full scope of practice.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Clinical Competence/standards ; Clinical Competence/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Geriatric Nursing/standards ; Geriatric Nursing/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nurse Practitioners/standards ; Nurse Practitioners/statistics & numerical data ; Nurse's Role ; Nurses/standards ; Nurses/statistics & numerical data ; Physicians/standards ; Physicians/statistics & numerical data ; Primary Health Care/standards ; Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 300568-9
    ISSN 1528-3968 ; 0029-6554
    ISSN (online) 1528-3968
    ISSN 0029-6554
    DOI 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.11.011
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  4. Article ; Online: Physician and nurse practitioner roles in emergency, trauma, critical, and intensive care.

    Donelan, Karen / DesRoches, Catherine M / Guzikowski, Sophia / Dittus, Robert S / Buerhaus, Peter

    Nursing outlook

    2020  Volume 68, Issue 5, Page(s) 591–600

    Abstract: Background: The delivery of emergency, trauma, critical, and intensive care services requires coordination among all members of the care team. Perceived teamwork and role clarity may vary among physicians (MDs) and nurse practitioners (NPs).: Purpose!# ...

    Abstract Background: The delivery of emergency, trauma, critical, and intensive care services requires coordination among all members of the care team. Perceived teamwork and role clarity may vary among physicians (MDs) and nurse practitioners (NPs).
    Purpose: To examine differences in perceived roles and responsibilities of NPs and MDs practicing in emergency, trauma, critical, and intensive care.
    Methods: Secondary Analysis of the National Survey of Emergency, Intensive, and Critical Care Nurse Practitioners and Physicians, a cross-sectional national survey of clinicians. Mail survey of randomly selected stratified cross-sectional samples of MDs and NPs drawn from national lists of clinicians in eligible specialties working in emergency, trauma, intensive, and critical care units in the United States. 814 clinicians (351 NPs and 463 MDs) were recruited from national by postal mail survey. Our initial sample included n = 2,063 clinicians, n = 1,031 NPs and n = 1,032 MDs in eligible specialties. Of these, 63.5% of NPs and 70.1% of MDs completed and returned the survey excluding those who were ineligible due to lack of current practice in a relevant specialty.
    Findings: NPs in ICU/CCU are more likely to be female and report working fewer hours than do MDs and provide direct care to more patients. 55% of NPs and 82% of MDs agree that their individual role in their unit is clear (p < .001); 34% of MDs and 42% of NPs agree that their unit is an example of excellent team work among professionals (p = 0.021); 41% of MD and 37% of NP clinicians (p = 0.061) agree that their teams are "prepared to provide outstanding care in a crisis or disaster." Perceived role clarity was significantly associated with increased perceptions of excellent teamwork and disaster preparedness.
    Discussion: At the time of this survey, and majority of NPs and MDs working in emergency, critical and intensive care did not agree that their teams were prepared for a crisis or disaster. Leaders of health organizations should encourage teamwork and professional role clarity to assist units to perform effectively in emergency and disaster preparedness.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Critical Care/statistics & numerical data ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nurse Practitioners/statistics & numerical data ; Nurse's Role ; Physicians/statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 300568-9
    ISSN 1528-3968 ; 0029-6554
    ISSN (online) 1528-3968
    ISSN 0029-6554
    DOI 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.04.010
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  5. Article ; Online: The role of race, ethnicity, and language in care transitions.

    Barreto, Esteban A / Guzikowski, Sophia / Michael, Carie / Carter, Jocelyn / Betancourt, Joseph R / Tull, Andrea / Tan-McGrory, Aswita / Donelan, Karen

    The American journal of managed care

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 7, Page(s) e221–e225

    Abstract: Objectives: To identify areas where transition from hospital to community could be improved, with a special focus on racial, ethnic, and language differences.: Study design: A cross-sectional survey administered by postal mail and bilingual telephone ...

    Abstract Objectives: To identify areas where transition from hospital to community could be improved, with a special focus on racial, ethnic, and language differences.
    Study design: A cross-sectional survey administered by postal mail and bilingual telephone interviewers.
    Methods: Patients were randomly selected within strata by race, ethnicity, and language proficiency. A total of 224 patients (response rate: 63.5%) who had recently experienced a hospital stay completed the survey.
    Results: Overall, 1 in 4 patients were alone at discharge. More than half of patients with limited English proficiency reported lack of access to medical interpreters and translated materials. We noted significant differences by race, ethnicity, and language in technology access and in patient-reported worries in the posthospital period. Hispanic or Latino patients and patients with limited English proficiency were less likely to report access to a computer and less likely to access the Patient Gateway portal. Black or African American patients were also less likely to use the Patient Gateway portal. Asian patients were more likely to be worried about getting home health services.
    Conclusions: Our findings highlight the enhanced difficulties that diverse patients may experience when transitioning from hospital to community-based settings. When considering how to best address the complex needs of diverse populations, interventions must be sensitive to the presence or absence of others, potential digital divides, and medical interpretation.
    MeSH term(s) Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ethnic Groups ; Hispanic Americans ; Humans ; Language ; Patient Discharge ; Patient Transfer
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2035781-3
    ISSN 1936-2692 ; 1088-0224 ; 1096-1860
    ISSN (online) 1936-2692
    ISSN 1088-0224 ; 1096-1860
    DOI 10.37765/ajmc.2021.88705
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Physician and Nurse Practitioner Roles in Emergency, Trauma, Critical and Intensive Care

    Donelan, Karen / DesRoches, Catherine M / Guzikowski, Sophia / Dittus, Robert S. / Buerhaus, Peter

    Nurs Outlook

    Abstract: Abstract Importance The delivery of emergency, trauma, critical and intensive care services requires coordination among all members of the care team. Perceived teamwork and role clarity may vary among physicians (MDs) and nurse practitioners (NPs). ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Importance The delivery of emergency, trauma, critical and intensive care services requires coordination among all members of the care team. Perceived teamwork and role clarity may vary among physicians (MDs) and nurse practitioners (NPs). Objective To examine differences in perceived roles and responsibilities of NPs and MDs practicing in emergency, trauma, critical and intensive care. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s) Key clinical activities, perceptions of role clarity, teamwork and preparedness to function as a team in disaster Design Secondary Analysis of the National Survey of Emergency, Intensive and Critical Care Nurse Practitioners and Physicians, a 2015 cross-sectional national survey of clinicians. Setting Mail survey of randomly selected stratified cross-sectional samples of MDs and NPs drawn from national lists of clinicians in eligible specialties working in emergency, trauma, intensive and critical care units in the United States. Participants 814 clinicians (351 NPs and 463 MDs) recruited from national by postal mail survey. Our initial sample included n=2063 clinicians, n=1031 NPs and n=1032 MDs in eligible specialties. Of these, 63.5% of NPs and 70.1% of MDs completed and returned the survey excluding those who were ineligible due to lack of current practice in a relevant specialty Results NPs in ICU/CCU are more likely to be female and report working fewer hours than do MDs and provide direct care to more patients. 55% of NPs and 82% of MDs agree that their individual role in their unit is clear (p<.001); 34% of MDs and 42% of NPs agree that their unit is an example of excellent team work among professionals (p=0.021); 41% of MD and 37% of NP clinicians (p=0.061) agree that their teams are “prepared to provide outstanding care in a crisis or disaster”. Perceived role clarity was significantly associated with increased perceptions of excellent teamwork and disaster preparedness. Conclusion and Relevance Leaders of health organizations need to engage with one another and with their professional teams to assure that roles and responsibilities are clear and that teams are both prepared to provide the highest quality and efficient care in critical care and in disaster.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher Elsevier; PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1016/j.outlook.2020.04.010
    Database COVID19

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