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Article ; Online: Effects of dietary folic acid supplementation on lactation performance and mammary epithelial cell development of dairy cows and its regulatory mechanism.

Zhang, Jing / Liu, Ya-Peng / Bu, Li-Jun / Liu, Qiang / Pei, Cai-Xia / Huo, Wen-Jie

2023 Volume 34, Issue 8, Page(s) 3796–3807

Abstract: The experiment investigated the impacts of FA on the proliferation of bovine mammary gland epithelial cells (BMECs) and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Supplementation of 10 µM FA elevated the mRNA expression of proliferating cell nuclear ... ...

Abstract	The experiment investigated the impacts of FA on the proliferation of bovine mammary gland epithelial cells (BMECs) and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Supplementation of 10 µM FA elevated the mRNA expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin A2 and cyclin D1, and protein expression of PCNA and Cyclin A1. The mRNA and protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Cattle ; Animals ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/metabolism ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/pharmacology ; Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics ; Diet/veterinary ; Milk/metabolism ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Lactation/genetics ; Dietary Supplements ; Folic Acid/pharmacology ; Folic Acid/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; RNA, Messenger ; Folic Acid (935E97BOY8) ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2043243-4
ISSN	1532-2378 ; 1049-5398
ISSN (online)	1532-2378
ISSN	1049-5398
DOI	10.1080/10495398.2023.2228842
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Article ; Online: Microbiome-metabolome analysis reveals unhealthy alterations in the composition and metabolism of ruminal microbiota with increasing dietary grain in a goat model.

Mao, Sheng-Yong / Huo, Wen-Jie / Zhu, Wei-Yun

Environmental microbiology

2016 Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 525–541

Abstract: Currently, knowledge about the impact of high-grain (HG) feeding on rumen microbiota and metabolome is limited. In this study, a combination of the 454 pyrosequencing strategy and the mass spectrometry-based metabolomics technique was applied to ... ...

Abstract	Currently, knowledge about the impact of high-grain (HG) feeding on rumen microbiota and metabolome is limited. In this study, a combination of the 454 pyrosequencing strategy and the mass spectrometry-based metabolomics technique was applied to investigate the effects of increased dietary grain (0%, 25% and 50% maize grain) on changes in whole ruminal microbiota and their metabolites using goat as a ruminant model. We observed a significant influence of HG feeding in shaping the ruminal bacterial community structure, diversity and composition, with an overall dominance of bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes along with a low abundance of Bacteriodetes in the HG group. High-grain feeding increased the number of ciliate and methanogens, and decreased the density of anaerobic fungi and the richness of the archaeal community. The metabolomics analysis revealed that HG feeding increased the levels of several toxic, inflammatory and unnatural compounds, including endotoxin, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and phenylacetate. Correlation analysis on the combined datasets revealed some potential relationships between ruminal metabolites and certain microbial species. Information about these relationships may prove useful in either direct (therapeutic) or indirect (dietary) interventions for ruminal disorders due to microbial compositional shifts, such as ruminal acidosis.
MeSH term(s)	Acidosis ; Animals ; Archaea/isolation & purification ; Bacteria/isolation & purification ; Ciliophora/isolation & purification ; Diet ; Edible Grain/metabolism ; Fungi/isolation & purification ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Goats/microbiology ; Metabolome/physiology ; Metabolomics ; Rumen/microbiology ; Zea mays/metabolism
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2020213-1
ISSN	1462-2920 ; 1462-2912
ISSN (online)	1462-2920
ISSN	1462-2912
DOI	10.1111/1462-2920.12724
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Article: Effects of branched-chain volatile fatty acids and fibrolytic enzyme on rumen development in pre- and post-weaned Holstein dairy calves

Liu, Yan-Rong / Wang, Cong / Liu, Qiang / Guo, Gang / Huo, Wen-Jie / Zhang, Yan-Li / Pei, Cai-Xia / Zhang, Shuan-Lin

Animal biotechnology. 2020 Nov. 11, v. 31, no. 6

2020

Abstract: The study evaluated the effects of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) and fibrolytic enzyme (FE) on rumen development in calves. Forty Holstein male calves at the same ages (15 ± 2.5 days of age) and weights (45 ± 3.3 kg of body weight [BW]) ... ...

Abstract	The study evaluated the effects of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) and fibrolytic enzyme (FE) on rumen development in calves. Forty Holstein male calves at the same ages (15 ± 2.5 days of age) and weights (45 ± 3.3 kg of body weight [BW]) were assigned randomly to four groups with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Supplemental BCVFA (0 g/d or 18 g/d) and FE (0 g/d or 1.83 g/d) were fed to calves. Data were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement random design by the mixed procedure of SAS. The BCVFA × FE interaction was observed for ruminal propionate, blood growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and GH receptor (GHR) and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression in the rumen mucosa. Dry matter intake was higher for BCVFA addition. The higher average daily gain and ruminal volatile fatty acids were observed for BCVFA or FE addition. Stomach weight and the length and width of rumen papillae were higher for BCVFA addition. The higher expression of GHR, IGF-1R and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 in rumen mucosa, and blood GH and IGF-1 were observed with BCVFA or FE addition. Blood β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate were higher for BCVFA addition. The results indicated that rumen development was promoted by BCVFA, but was not affected with FE addition in calves.
Keywords	Holstein ; acetoacetic acid ; average daily gain ; biotechnology ; blood ; body weight ; dry matter intake ; glycosidases ; hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase ; insulin-like growth factor I ; insulin-like growth factor I receptor ; males ; mucosa ; propionic acid ; somatotropin
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1111
Size	p. 512-519.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2043243-4
ISSN	1532-2378 ; 1049-5398
ISSN (online)	1532-2378
ISSN	1049-5398
DOI	10.1080/10495398.2019.1633340
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: The effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculums on in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production, ruminal cellulolytic bacteria populations and cellulase activities of corn stover silage

GUO, Gang / SHEN, Chen / LIU, Qiang / ZHANG, Shuan-lin / SHAO, Tao / WANG, Cong / WANG, Yong-xin / XU, Qing-fang / HUO, Wen-jie

CAAS. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V Journal of integrative agriculture. 2020 Mar., v. 19, no. 3

2020

Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculums on fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility of corn stover silage. Corn stover was ensiled without (control) or with Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), ... ...

Abstract	The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculums on fermentation quality and in vitro digestibility of corn stover silage. Corn stover was ensiled without (control) or with Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), Enterococcus faecalis (EF), and Enterococcus mundtii (EM) for 45 days. The fermentation characteristics were assessed, and subsequent in vitro dry matter digestibility (DM-D), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDF-D), volatile fatty acids (VFA), methane (CH₄) production, cellulolytic bacteria proportions and their activities per corn stover silage were also determined. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) among the silage pH, lactic acid, crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and lignocelluloses contents of different treatments. The relative proportions of Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Fibrobacter succinogenes, carboxymethyl-ocellulose and β-glycosidase activities, DM-D, NDF-D, and VFA production of in vitro incubation was higher (P<0.05) for silages inoculated with LP and EF than those of the control silage. Silage inoculated with LP showed the lowest (P<0.05) CH₄ production per unit yield of VFA, which was positively corresponded to the lowest (P<0.05) ratio of acetate to propionate. In summary, the ensiling fermentation quality and subsequent utilization of corn stover silage were efficiently improved by inoculated with L. plantarum.
Keywords	Enterococcus faecalis ; Enterococcus mundtii ; Fibrobacter succinogenes ; Lactobacillus plantarum ; Ruminococcus flavefaciens ; acetates ; agriculture ; corn stover ; crude protein ; dry matter digestibility ; endo-1,4-beta-glucanase ; fermentation ; inoculum ; lactic acid ; lignocellulose ; methane ; methane production ; neutral detergent fiber ; pH ; propionic acid ; silage ; water solubility
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-03
Size	p. 838-847.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2660426-7
ISSN	2095-3119
ISSN	2095-3119
DOI	10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62707-3
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Effects of palm fat powder and coated folic acid on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and hepatic fat accumulation of Holstein dairy bulls

ZHANG, Zhen / LIU, Qiang / WANG, Cong / GUO, Gang / HUO, Wen-jie / ZHANG, Yan-li / PEI, Cai-xia / ZHANG, Shuan-lin

CAAS. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V Journal of integrative agriculture. 2020 Apr., v. 19, no. 4

2020

Abstract: This study evaluated the effects of palm fat powder (PFP) and coated folic acid (CFA) on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, microbial enzyme activity, microflora, hepatic lipid content and gene expression in dairy bulls. ... ...

Abstract	This study evaluated the effects of palm fat powder (PFP) and coated folic acid (CFA) on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, microbial enzyme activity, microflora, hepatic lipid content and gene expression in dairy bulls. Forty-eight Chinese Holstein bulls ((362±12.4) days of age and (483±27.1) kg of body weight (BW)) were assigned to four groups in a completely randomized design with a 2×2 factorial arrangements. Supplemental PFP (0 or 30 g PFP kg⁻¹ dietary dry matter (DM)) and CFA (0 or 120 mg FA d⁻¹ as CFA) were mixed into the top one-third of a total mixed ration. The study included a 20-day adaptation period and followed by a 90-day collection period. The lower (P>0.01) feed conversion ratio with PFP or CFA addition resulted from the constant DM intake and the higher (P>0.05) average daily gain. The higher (P>0.05) ruminal pH, ether extract digestibility, microbial α-amylase activity, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens copy, and expression of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT1), and lower ruminal total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration, acetate to propionate ratio, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility, copies of total protozoa and Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP1) and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase α (ACACA) were observed for PFP addition. Supplementation with CFA increased (P>0.05) ruminal total VFA concentration, acetate to propionate ratio, digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein and NDF, activity of cellobiase, pectinase and α-amylase, copies of selected microbial except for total protozoa, as well as expression of PPARα, but decreased (P>0.05) ruminal pH, and expression of SREBP1 and ACACA. The PFP×CFA interaction (P>0.05) was observed for ammonia N, hepatic TG content, and mRNA expression of CPT1 and FAS. There had no significant difference in hepatic TG content when CFA was supplemented in the diet without PFP addition, the lower (P=0.001) hepatic TG content was observed when CFA was supplemented in the diet with PFP addition. The higher (P>0.05) mRNA expression of CPT1, and the lower (P>0.05) mRNA expression of FAS and ammonia N concentration were observed when CFA was supplemented in diet either without or with PFP addition. The results indicated that supplementation of CFA in PFP diet was more effective on increasing hepatic CPT1 expression, and decreasing ammonia N, hepatic TG content and FAS expression than in diet without PFP. Supplementation with PFP or CFA improved growth performance of dairy bulls by promoting nutrient utilization, microbial enzyme activity, microflora, and hepatic gene expression.
Keywords	Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens ; Holstein ; Protozoa ; Ruminococcus flavefaciens ; acetates ; acetyl-CoA carboxylase ; agriculture ; alpha-amylase ; ammonium nitrogen ; average daily gain ; beta-glucosidase ; body weight ; carnitine ; crude protein ; diet ; digestibility ; enzyme activity ; feed conversion ; folic acid ; gene expression ; growth performance ; lipid content ; microorganisms ; neutral detergent fiber ; organic matter ; pH ; polygalacturonase ; propionic acid ; rumen fermentation ; sterols ; total mixed rations
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-04
Size	p. 1074-1084.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2660426-7
ISSN	2095-3119
ISSN	2095-3119
DOI	10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62752-8
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Effects of branched-chain volatile fatty acids and fibrolytic enzyme on rumen development in pre- and post-weaned Holstein dairy calves.

Liu, Yan-Rong / Wang, Cong / Liu, Qiang / Guo, Gang / Huo, Wen-Jie / Zhang, Yan-Li / Pei, Cai-Xia / Zhang, Shuan-Lin

Animal biotechnology

2019 Volume 31, Issue 6, Page(s) 512–519

Abstract	The study evaluated the effects of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) and fibrolytic enzyme (FE) on rumen development in calves. Forty Holstein male calves at the same ages (15 ± 2.5 days of age) and weights (45 ± 3.3 kg of body weight [BW]) were assigned randomly to four groups with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Supplemental BCVFA (0 g/d or 18 g/d) and FE (0 g/d or 1.83 g/d) were fed to calves. Data were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement random design by the mixed procedure of SAS. The BCVFA × FE interaction was observed for ruminal propionate, blood growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and GH receptor (GHR) and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) expression in the rumen mucosa. Dry matter intake was higher for BCVFA addition. The higher average daily gain and ruminal volatile fatty acids were observed for BCVFA or FE addition. Stomach weight and the length and width of rumen papillae were higher for BCVFA addition. The higher expression of GHR, IGF-1R and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 in rumen mucosa, and blood GH and IGF-1 were observed with BCVFA or FE addition. Blood β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate were higher for BCVFA addition. The results indicated that rumen development was promoted by BCVFA, but was not affected with FE addition in calves.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Feed ; Animals ; Cattle ; Cellulase ; Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rumen/drug effects ; Rumen/growth & development ; Rumen/metabolism ; Weight Gain/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Cellulase (EC 3.2.1.4) ; Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2043243-4
ISSN	1532-2378 ; 1049-5398
ISSN (online)	1532-2378
ISSN	1049-5398
DOI	10.1080/10495398.2019.1633340
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Effects of rumen‐protected folic acid and dietary protein level on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and hepatic gene expression of dairy calves

La, ShaoKai / Li, Hao / Wang, Cong / Liu, Qiang / Guo, Gang / Huo, WenJie / Zhang, YanLi / Pei, CaiXia / Zhang, ShuanLin

Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition. 2019 July, v. 103, no. 4

2019

Abstract: This study evaluated the effects of rumen‐protected folic acid (RPFA) supplementation and dietary protein level on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and hepatic gene expression in calves. Forty Holstein male calves (161 ± 5. ...

Abstract	This study evaluated the effects of rumen‐protected folic acid (RPFA) supplementation and dietary protein level on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility and hepatic gene expression in calves. Forty Holstein male calves (161 ± 5.7 days of age and 192 ± 5.4 kg of body weight) were assigned to one of four groups in a randomized experimental design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Moderate crude protein (130.1 g CP/kg [MCP] or high crude protein (150.2 g CP/kg [HCP]) diets were fed without (RPFA−) or with 3.6 mg FA (RPFA+) as RPFA per kg dietary dry matter (DM). Calves were fed a total mixed ration with a corn silage to concentrate ratio of 50:50 on a DM basis. The CP×RPFA interaction was not significant for any of the studied variables. The unchanged DM intake, higher average daily gain and lower feed conversion ratio were observed for HCP or RPFA+. Ruminal pH was lower, and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration was higher for HCP or RPFA+. Acetate proportion was higher, and propionate proportion was lower for HCP or RPFA+. As a result, the higher acetate to propionate ratio was observed. Ruminal ammonia N was higher for HCP, but was lower with RPFA supplementation. The higher digestibility of DM, OM, CP and NDF was observed. Blood glucose and insulin were unchanged, but albumin, total protein, GH and IGF‐1 were higher. Similarly, the higher hepatic expression of GH, IGF‐1, GHR, IGF‐1R, PI3K, mTOR and P70S6K was observed for HCP or RPFA+. The results indicated that increasing dietary CP content or supplementation with RPFA promoted growth performance of calves by improving nutrient utilization and up‐regulating hepatic expression of gene related to protein synthesis.
Keywords	Holstein ; acetates ; albumins ; ammonium nitrogen ; average daily gain ; blood glucose ; body weight ; corn silage ; crude protein ; dairy calves ; dietary protein ; digestibility ; experimental design ; feed conversion ; folic acid ; gene expression ; gene expression regulation ; growth performance ; insulin ; insulin-like growth factor I ; insulin-like growth factor I receptor ; males ; pH ; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ; propionic acid ; protein synthesis ; rumen fermentation ; total mixed rations ; volatile fatty acids
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-07
Size	p. 1006-1014.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ISSN	0931-2439
DOI	10.1111/jpn.13109
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Effects of sodium selenite addition on ruminal fermentation, microflora and urinary excretion of purine derivatives in Holstein dairy bulls

Liu, YongJia / Wang, Cong / Liu, Qiang / Guo, Gang / Huo, WenJie / Zhang, YanLi / Pei, CaiXia / Zhang, ShuanLin / Zhang, Jing

Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition. 2019 Nov., v. 103, no. 6

2019

Abstract: Researches on sodium selenite (SS) mainly focus on production performance and rumen fermentation in ruminants, and the influence of dietary Se addition on ruminal microbial population and enzyme activity in dairy bulls is scarce. This study mainly ... ...

Abstract	Researches on sodium selenite (SS) mainly focus on production performance and rumen fermentation in ruminants, and the influence of dietary Se addition on ruminal microbial population and enzyme activity in dairy bulls is scarce. This study mainly evaluated the effects of SS on ruminal fermentation, microflora and urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD) in dairy bulls. Eight ruminally cannulated dairy bulls were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. Treatments were control, low SS (LSS), medium SS (MSS) and high SS (HSS) with 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg of selenium (Se) from SS in dietary dry matter (DM), respectively. The supplement of SS (1.0 g/kg of Se) was mixed into the first third of the daily ration. Bulls were fed a total mixed ration with corn silage to concentrate ratio of 50:50 on a DM basis. Dry matter intake was not affected, average daily gain linearly increased, while feed conversion ratio quadratically decreased with increasing Se addition. The linearly increased digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre was observed. Both ruminal pH and ammonia‐N concentration linearly decreased, whereas total volatile fatty acid concentration linearly increased. A lower acetate to propionate ratio was observed due to the unchanged acetate proportion and increased propionate proportion. Activity of cellobiase, xylanase, pectinase, α‐amylase and protease, populations of total bacteria, fungi, protozoa, Ruminococcus (R.) albus, R. flavefaciens, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Ruminobacter amylophilus as well as urinary total PD excretion linearly increased, whereas populations of total methanogens and Prevotella ruminicola linearly decreased. The data indicated that dietary Se addition stimulated ruminal microbial growth and enzyme activity, and resulting in the increased nutrient digestion and growth performance, and the optimum supplementary dose of Se was 0.3 mg/kg dietary DM from SS in dairy bulls.
Keywords	Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens ; Fibrobacter succinogenes ; Holstein ; Prevotella ruminicola ; Protozoa ; Ruminobacter amylophilus ; Ruminococcus flavefaciens ; acetates ; acid detergent fiber ; alpha-amylase ; ammonium nitrogen ; average daily gain ; bacteria ; beta-glucosidase ; cannulas ; corn silage ; crude protein ; dairy bulls ; digestibility ; dry matter intake ; enzyme activity ; excretion ; fatty acid composition ; feed conversion ; fungi ; growth performance ; methanogens ; microbial growth ; neutral detergent fiber ; organic matter ; pH ; polygalacturonase ; propionic acid ; proteinases ; rumen fermentation ; selenium ; sodium selenite ; total mixed rations ; volatile fatty acids ; xylanases
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-11
Size	p. 1719-1726.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ISSN	0931-2439
DOI	10.1111/jpn.13193
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Effects of sodium selenite addition on ruminal fermentation, microflora and urinary excretion of purine derivatives in Holstein dairy bulls.

Liu, YongJia / Wang, Cong / Liu, Qiang / Guo, Gang / Huo, WenJie / Zhang, YanLi / Pei, CaiXia / Zhang, ShuanLin / Zhang, Jing

Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition

2019 Volume 103, Issue 6, Page(s) 1719–1726

Abstract	Researches on sodium selenite (SS) mainly focus on production performance and rumen fermentation in ruminants, and the influence of dietary Se addition on ruminal microbial population and enzyme activity in dairy bulls is scarce. This study mainly evaluated the effects of SS on ruminal fermentation, microflora and urinary excretion of purine derivatives (PD) in dairy bulls. Eight ruminally cannulated dairy bulls were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. Treatments were control, low SS (LSS), medium SS (MSS) and high SS (HSS) with 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg of selenium (Se) from SS in dietary dry matter (DM), respectively. The supplement of SS (1.0 g/kg of Se) was mixed into the first third of the daily ration. Bulls were fed a total mixed ration with corn silage to concentrate ratio of 50:50 on a DM basis. Dry matter intake was not affected, average daily gain linearly increased, while feed conversion ratio quadratically decreased with increasing Se addition. The linearly increased digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre was observed. Both ruminal pH and ammonia-N concentration linearly decreased, whereas total volatile fatty acid concentration linearly increased. A lower acetate to propionate ratio was observed due to the unchanged acetate proportion and increased propionate proportion. Activity of cellobiase, xylanase, pectinase, α-amylase and protease, populations of total bacteria, fungi, protozoa, Ruminococcus (R.) albus, R. flavefaciens, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Ruminobacter amylophilus as well as urinary total PD excretion linearly increased, whereas populations of total methanogens and Prevotella ruminicola linearly decreased. The data indicated that dietary Se addition stimulated ruminal microbial growth and enzyme activity, and resulting in the increased nutrient digestion and growth performance, and the optimum supplementary dose of Se was 0.3 mg/kg dietary DM from SS in dairy bulls.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Feed/analysis ; Animals ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Bacteria/enzymology ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Cattle ; Dietary Supplements ; Fermentation/drug effects ; Male ; Purines/urine ; Rumen/drug effects ; Rumen/microbiology ; Rumen/physiology ; Sodium Selenite/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Purines ; Sodium Selenite (HIW548RQ3W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Clinical Trial, Veterinary ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	232729-6
ISSN	1439-0396 ; 0044-3565 ; 0931-2439
ISSN (online)	1439-0396
ISSN	0044-3565 ; 0931-2439
DOI	10.1111/jpn.13193
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effects of rumen-protected folic acid and rumen-protected sodium selenite supplementation on lactation performance, nutrient digestion, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites in dairy cows.

Du, Hong Sheng / Wang, Cong / Wu, Zhang Zhi / Zhang, Guang Wen / Liu, Qiang / Guo, Gang / Huo, Wen Jie / Zhang, Yan Li / Pei, Cai Xia / Zhang, Shuan Lin

Journal of the science of food and agriculture

2019 Volume 99, Issue 13, Page(s) 5826–5833

Abstract: Background: Considering the insufficient ruminal synthesis of folic acid (FA), the higher degradability of FA, and the reduction of sodium selenite (SS) by ruminal microbes into non-absorbable elemental Se, this study evaluated the effects of rumen- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Considering the insufficient ruminal synthesis of folic acid (FA), the higher degradability of FA, and the reduction of sodium selenite (SS) by ruminal microbes into non-absorbable elemental Se, this study evaluated the effects of rumen-protected FA (RPFA) and rumen-protected SS (RPSS) on lactation performance, nutrient digestion and blood metabolites in dairy cows. Results: Dry matter (DM) intake and milk composition were unaltered, milk and milk fat yields were higher for both supplements, and milk protein yield was higher for RPFA addition. Digestibility of DM, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre was higher for both supplements, whereas that of organic matter and crude protein was higher for RPFA addition. Ruminal pH and ammonia N were lower, and concentration of total volatile fatty acids was higher for both supplements. Activity of cellobiase and xylanase was higher for RPFA addition, whereas that of pectinase and protease was higher for both supplements. The populations of total ruminal fungi, protozoa, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens were higher for both supplements. The RPFA × RPSS interaction was significant for α-amylase activity, total ruminal bacteria and R. albus populations; these three variables were increased by RPSS but the increase was greater when cows were also fed RPFA. Conclusion: The results indicated that addition of RPFA or RPSS improved lactation performance, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in dairy cows by stimulating ruminal microbial growth and enzyme activity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
MeSH term(s)	Ammonia/metabolism ; Animals ; Cattle/microbiology ; Cattle/physiology ; Dietary Supplements/analysis ; Digestion ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Female ; Fermentation ; Folic Acid/administration & dosage ; Folic Acid/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Lactation ; Milk/chemistry ; Milk/metabolism ; Rumen/metabolism ; Rumen/microbiology ; Sodium Selenite/administration & dosage ; Sodium Selenite/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Ammonia (7664-41-7) ; Folic Acid (935E97BOY8) ; Sodium Selenite (HIW548RQ3W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	184116-6
ISSN	1097-0010 ; 0022-5142
ISSN (online)	1097-0010
ISSN	0022-5142
DOI	10.1002/jsfa.9853
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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