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Article ; Online: Why Does Zika Virus Persist in the Semen of Some Men But Not Others?

Haddow, Andrew D

2022 Volume 226, Issue 7, Page(s) 1125–1126

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; RNA, Viral ; Semen/virology ; Zika Virus/genetics ; Zika Virus Infection/virology
Chemical Substances	RNA, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1093/infdis/jiac330
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Article ; Online: The Consequences of Medically Important Invasive Arthropods: The Longhorned Tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis.

Haddow, Andrew D

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2019 Volume 68, Issue 3, Page(s) 530–531

MeSH term(s)	Animal Distribution ; Animals ; Arthropod Vectors/growth & development ; Humans ; Ixodidae/growth & development ; United States/epidemiology ; Vector Borne Diseases/epidemiology ; Vector Borne Diseases/veterinary
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	1099781-7
ISSN	1537-6591 ; 1058-4838
ISSN (online)	1537-6591
ISSN	1058-4838
DOI	10.1093/cid/ciy695
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Article ; Online: Inaccuracies in Google's Health-Based Knowledge Panels Perpetuate Widespread Misconceptions Involving Infectious Disease Transmission.

Haddow, Andrew D / Clarke, Sarah C

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

2021 Volume 104, Issue 6, Page(s) 2293–2297

Abstract: Google health-based Knowledge Panels were designed to provide users with high-quality basic medical information on a specific condition. However, any errors contained within Knowledge Panels could result in the widespread distribution of inaccurate ... ...

Abstract	Google health-based Knowledge Panels were designed to provide users with high-quality basic medical information on a specific condition. However, any errors contained within Knowledge Panels could result in the widespread distribution of inaccurate health information. We explored the potential for inaccuracies to exist within Google's health-based Knowledge Panels by focusing on a single well-studied pathogen, Ebola virus (EBOV). We then evaluated the accuracy of those transmission modes listed within the Google Ebola Knowledge Panel and investigated the pervasiveness of any misconceptions associated with inaccurate transmission modes among persons living in Africa. We found that the Google Ebola Knowledge Panel inaccurately listed insect bites or stings as modes of EBOV transmission. Our scoping review found 27 articles and reports that revealed that 9 of 11 countries where misconceptions regarding insect transmission of EBOV have been reported are locations of current (i.e., Democratic Republic of Congo and Guinea) or previous EBOV outbreaks. We found reports that up to 26.6% (155/582) of study respondents in Democratic Republic of Congo believed mosquito bite avoidance would prevent EBOV; in other locations of previous large-scale EBOV outbreaks (e.g., Guinea), up to 61.0% (304/498) of respondents believed insects were involved in EBOV transmission. Our findings highlight the potential for errors to exist within the health information contained in Google's health-based Knowledge Panels. Such errors could perpetuate misconceptions or misinformation, leading to mistrust of health workers and aid agencies and in turn undermining public health education or outbreak response efforts.
MeSH term(s)	Communicable Diseases/psychology ; Communicable Diseases/transmission ; Communication ; Congo ; Disease Outbreaks ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/epidemiology ; Humans ; Knowledge Bases ; Search Engine/standards
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2942-7
ISSN	1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
ISSN	0002-9637
DOI	10.4269/ajtmh.21-0216
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Article ; Online: African Green Monkeys Maintain Zika Virus Neutralizing Antibodies for at Least 1,427 Days Postinfection.

Haddow, Andrew D / Trefry, Stephanie V / Nasar, Farooq / Shamblin, Joshua D / Pitt, M Louise M

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

2024

Abstract: We report strong Zika virus (ZIKV) neutralizing antibody responses in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) up to 1,427 days after ZIKV exposure via the subcutaneous, intravaginal, or intrarectal routes. Our results suggest that immunocompetent ... ...

Abstract	We report strong Zika virus (ZIKV) neutralizing antibody responses in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) up to 1,427 days after ZIKV exposure via the subcutaneous, intravaginal, or intrarectal routes. Our results suggest that immunocompetent African green monkeys previously infected with ZIKV are likely protected from reinfection for years, possibly life, and would not contribute to virus amplification during ZIKV epizootics.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2942-7
ISSN	1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
ISSN	0002-9637
DOI	10.4269/ajtmh.23-0521
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Article ; Online: Distinguishing between Zika and Spondweni viruses.

Haddow, Andrew D / Woodall, John P

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

2017 Volume 94, Issue 10, Page(s) 711–711A

Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	80213-x
ISSN	1564-0604 ; 0042-9686 ; 0366-4996 ; 0510-8659
ISSN (online)	1564-0604
ISSN	0042-9686 ; 0366-4996 ; 0510-8659
DOI	10.2471/BLT.16.181503
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Article ; Online: Modeling the Stability of SARS-CoV-2 on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

Haddow, Andrew D / Watt, Taylor R / Bloomfield, Holly A / Fetterer, David P / Harbourt, David E

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

2020 Volume 104, Issue 2, Page(s) 549–551

Abstract: We modeled the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on personal protective equipment (PPE) commonly worn in hospitals when carrying out high-risk airway procedures. Evaluated PPE included the visors and hoods of two brands of commercially available powered air ... ...

Abstract	We modeled the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on personal protective equipment (PPE) commonly worn in hospitals when carrying out high-risk airway procedures. Evaluated PPE included the visors and hoods of two brands of commercially available powered air purifying respirators, a disposable face shield, and Tyvek coveralls. Following an exposure to 4.3 log10 plaque-forming units (PFUs) of SARS-CoV-2, all materials displayed a reduction in titer of > 4.2 log10 by 72 hours postexposure, with detectable titers at 72 hours varying by material (1.1-2.3 log10 PFU/mL). Our results highlight the need for proper doffing and disinfection of PPE, or disposal, to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 contact or fomite transmission.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/transmission ; COVID-19/virology ; Gloves, Protective/virology ; Half-Life ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional ; Microbial Viability ; Personal Protective Equipment/virology ; Respiratory Protective Devices/virology ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2942-7
ISSN	1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
ISSN	0002-9637
DOI	10.4269/ajtmh.20-1508
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Journal ; Article ; Online: Distinguishing between Zika and Spondweni viruses

Haddow, Andrew D / Woodall, John P

2016

Abstract: ... 711 ... ...

Abstract	711 711A
Keywords	Editorials
Publishing date	2016-10-01
Publisher	World Health Organization
Document type	Journal ; Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Modeling the stability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on skin, currency, and clothing.

Harbourt, David E / Haddow, Andrew D / Piper, Ashley E / Bloomfield, Holly / Kearney, Brian J / Fetterer, David / Gibson, Kathleen / Minogue, Timothy

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

2020 Volume 14, Issue 11, Page(s) e0008831

Abstract: A new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in the winter of 2019 in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spread around the world. The extent and efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is far greater than previous coronaviruses that emerged in the 21st Century. Here, we ... ...

Abstract	A new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in the winter of 2019 in Wuhan, China, and rapidly spread around the world. The extent and efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is far greater than previous coronaviruses that emerged in the 21st Century. Here, we modeled stability of SARS-CoV-2 on skin, paper currency, and clothing to determine if these surfaces may factor in the fomite transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2. Skin, currency, and clothing samples were exposed to SARS-CoV-2 under laboratory conditions and incubated at three different temperatures (4°C± 2°C, 22°C± 2°C, and 37°C ± 2°C). We evaluated stability at 0 hours (h), 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, 72 h, 96 h, 7 days, and 14 days post-exposure. SARS-CoV-2 was stable on skin through the duration of the experiment at 4°C (14 days). Virus remained stable on skin for at least 96 h at 22°C and for at least 8h at 37°C. There were minimal differences between the tested currency samples. The virus remained stable on the $1 U.S.A. Bank Note for at least 96 h at 4°C while we did not detect viable virus on the $20 U.S.A. Bank Note samples beyond 72 h. The virus remained stable on both Bank Notes for at least 8 h at 22°C and 4 h at 37°C. Clothing samples were similar in stability to the currency. Viable virus remained for at least 96 h at 4°C and at least 4 h at 22°C. We did not detect viable virus on clothing samples at 37°C after initial exposure. This study confirms the inverse relationship between virus stability and temperature. Furthermore, virus stability on skin demonstrates the need for continued hand hygiene practices to minimize fomite transmission both in the general population as well as in workplaces where close contact is common.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/physiology ; COVID-19 ; Clothing ; Coronavirus Infections/transmission ; Coronavirus Infections/virology ; Environmental Microbiology ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/transmission ; Pneumonia, Viral/virology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Skin/virology ; Surface Properties ; Temperature
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2429704-5
ISSN	1935-2735 ; 1935-2727
ISSN (online)	1935-2735
ISSN	1935-2727
DOI	10.1371/journal.pntd.0008831
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Stability of SARS-CoV-2 on Produce following a Low-Dose Aerosol Exposure.

Haddow, Andrew D / Watt, Taylor R / Bloomfield, Holly A / Shamblin, Joshua D / Dyer, David N / Harbourt, David E

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

2020 Volume 103, Issue 5, Page(s) 2024–2025

Abstract: We modeled the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on apples, tomatoes, and jalapeño peppers at two temperatures following a low-dose aerosol exposure designed to simulate an airborne transmission event involving droplet nuclei. Infectious virus was not recovered ... ...

Abstract	We modeled the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on apples, tomatoes, and jalapeño peppers at two temperatures following a low-dose aerosol exposure designed to simulate an airborne transmission event involving droplet nuclei. Infectious virus was not recovered postexposure.
MeSH term(s)	Aerosols ; Betacoronavirus/isolation & purification ; Fomites/virology ; Food Contamination/analysis ; Fruit/virology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Temperature ; Vegetables/virology
Chemical Substances	Aerosols
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2942-7
ISSN	1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
ISSN (online)	1476-1645
ISSN	0002-9637
DOI	10.4269/ajtmh.20-1033
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Article ; Online: The spatial epidemiology and clinical features of reported cases of La Crosse Virus infection in West Virginia from 2003 to 2007

Bixler Danae / Haddow Andrew D / Odoi Agricola

BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 1, p

2011 Volume 29

Abstract: Abstract Background La Crosse virus (LACV) is a major cause of pediatric encephalitis in the United States. Since the mid-1980s, the number of reported cases of LACV infection in West Virginia has continued to rise and the state currently reports the ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background La Crosse virus (LACV) is a major cause of pediatric encephalitis in the United States. Since the mid-1980s, the number of reported cases of LACV infection in West Virginia has continued to rise and the state currently reports the most cases in the United States. The purpose of this study was to investigate and describe the spatial epidemiology and clinical presentation of LACV infection cases reported in West Virginia, as well as to provide a description of the environmental conditions present at the residences of the LACV infection cases. Methods Descriptive and spatial analyses were performed on LACV infection cases reported to the West Virginia Department of Health from 2003 to 2007. Clinical and environmental variables were available for 96 cases and residence data were available for 68 of these cases. Spatial analyses using the global Moran's I and Kulldorff's spatial scan statistic were performed using the population 15 years and younger at both the county and census tract levels to identify those geographic areas at the highest risk of infection. Results Two statistically significant (p < 0.05) high-risk clusters, involving six counties, were detected at the county level. At the census tract level, one statistically significant high-risk cluster involving 41 census tracts spanning over six counties was identified. The county level cumulative incidence for those counties in the primary high-risk cluster ranged from 100.0 to 189.0 cases per 100,000 persons (median 189.0) and the census tract level cumulative incidence for those counties in the high-risk cluster ranged from 61.7 to 505.9 cases per 100,000 persons (median 99.0). The counties and census tracts within high-risk clusters had a relative risk four to nine times higher when compared to those areas not contained within high-risk clusters. The majority of LACV infection cases were reported during the summer months in children 15 years and younger. Fever, vomiting, photophobia, and nausea were the most commonly reported signs and symptoms. A case fatality rate (CFR) of 3.1% was observed. Wooded areas and containers were present at the majority of case residences. Conclusions The cumulative incidences of LACV infection from 2003 to 2007 were considerably higher than previously reported for West Virginia, and statistically significant high-risk clusters for LACV infection were detected at both the county and census tract levels. The finding of a high CFR and the identification of those areas at highest risk for infection will be useful for guiding future research and intervention efforts.
Keywords	Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Internal medicine ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BioMed Central
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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