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  1. Article: The Slip Behavior and Source Parameters for Spontaneous Slip Events on Rough Faults Subjected to Slow Tectonic Loading

    Tal, Yuval / Hager, Bradford H.

    Journal of geophysical research. 2018 Feb., v. 123, no. 2

    2018  

    Abstract: We study the response to slow tectonic loading of rough faults governed by velocity weakening rate and state friction, using a 2‐D plane strain model. Our numerical approach accounts for all stages in the seismic cycle, and in each simulation we model a ... ...

    Abstract We study the response to slow tectonic loading of rough faults governed by velocity weakening rate and state friction, using a 2‐D plane strain model. Our numerical approach accounts for all stages in the seismic cycle, and in each simulation we model a sequence of two earthquakes or more. We focus on the global behavior of the faults and find that as the roughness amplitude, bᵣ, increases and the minimum wavelength of roughness decreases, there is a transition from seismic slip to aseismic slip, in which the load on the fault is released by more slip events but with lower slip rate, lower seismic moment per unit length, M₀,₁d, and lower average static stress drop on the fault, Δτₜ. Even larger decreases with roughness are observed when these source parameters are estimated only for the dynamic stage of the rupture. For bᵣ ≤ 0.002, the source parameters M₀,₁d and Δτₜ decrease mutually and the relationship between Δτₜ and the average fault strain is similar to that of a smooth fault. For faults with larger values of bᵣ that are completely ruptured during the slip events, the average fault strain generally decreases more rapidly with roughness than Δτₜ.
    Keywords friction ; geophysics ; models ; research ; roughness ; tectonics ; wavelengths
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-02
    Size p. 1810-1823.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ISSN 2169-9313
    DOI 10.1002/2017JB014737
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: The Effects of Fault Roughness on the Earthquake Nucleation Process

    Tal, Yuval / Hager, Bradford H. / Ampuero, Jean Paul

    Journal of geophysical research. 2018 Jan., v. 123, no. 1

    2018  

    Abstract: We study numerically the effects of fault roughness on the nucleation process during earthquake sequences. The faults are governed by a rate and state friction law. The roughness introduces local barriers that complicate the nucleation process and result ...

    Abstract We study numerically the effects of fault roughness on the nucleation process during earthquake sequences. The faults are governed by a rate and state friction law. The roughness introduces local barriers that complicate the nucleation process and result in asymmetric expansion of the rupture, nonmonotonic increase in the slip rates on the fault, and the generation of multiple slip pulses. These complexities are reflected as irregular fluctuations in the moment rate. There is a large difference between first slip events in the sequences and later events. In the first events, for roughness amplitude bᵣ ≤ 0.002, there is a large increase in the nucleation length with increasing bᵣ. For larger values of bᵣ, slip is mostly aseismic. For the later events there is a trade‐off between the effects of the finite fault length and the fault roughness. For bᵣ ≤ 0.002, the finite length is a more dominant factor and the nucleation length barely changes with bᵣ. For larger values of bᵣ, the roughness plays a larger role and the nucleation length increases significantly with bᵣ. Using an energy balance approach, where the roughness is accounted for in the fault stiffness, we derive an approximate solution for the nucleation length on rough faults. The solution agrees well with the main trends observed in the simulations for the later events and provides an estimate of the frictional and roughness properties under which faults experience a transition between seismic and aseismic slip.
    Keywords earthquakes ; energy balance ; friction ; geophysics ; phase transition ; research ; roughness
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-01
    Size p. 437-456.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ISSN 2169-9313
    DOI 10.1002/2017JB014746
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: A process-based approach to understanding and managing triggered seismicity.

    Hager, Bradford H / Dieterich, James / Frohlich, Cliff / Juanes, Ruben / Mantica, Stefano / Shaw, John H / Bottazzi, Francesca / Caresani, Federica / Castineira, David / Cominelli, Alberto / Meda, Marco / Osculati, Lorenzo / Petroselli, Stefania / Plesch, Andreas

    Nature

    2021  Volume 595, Issue 7869, Page(s) 684–689

    Abstract: There is growing concern about seismicity triggered by human activities, whereby small increases in stress bring tectonically loaded faults to failure. Examples of such activities include mining, impoundment of water, stimulation of geothermal fields, ... ...

    Abstract There is growing concern about seismicity triggered by human activities, whereby small increases in stress bring tectonically loaded faults to failure. Examples of such activities include mining, impoundment of water, stimulation of geothermal fields, extraction of hydrocarbons and water, and the injection of water, CO
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/s41586-021-03668-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: No geologic evidence that seismicity causes fault leakage that would render large-scale carbon capture and storage unsuccessful.

    Juanes, Ruben / Hager, Bradford H / Herzog, Howard J

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2012  Volume 109, Issue 52, Page(s) E3623; author reply E3624

    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-12-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.1215026109
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
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    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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