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Article ; Online: A 35-million-year record of seawater stable Sr isotopes reveals a fluctuating global carbon cycle.

Paytan, Adina / Griffith, Elizabeth M / Eisenhauer, Anton / Hain, Mathis P / Wallmann, Klaus / Ridgwell, Andrew

2021 Volume 371, Issue 6536, Page(s) 1346–1350

Abstract: Changes in the concentration and isotopic composition of the major constituents in seawater reflect changes in their sources and sinks. Because many of the processes controlling these sources and sinks are tied to the cycling of carbon, such records can ... ...

Abstract	Changes in the concentration and isotopic composition of the major constituents in seawater reflect changes in their sources and sinks. Because many of the processes controlling these sources and sinks are tied to the cycling of carbon, such records can provide insights into what drives past changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and climate. Here, we present a stable strontium (Sr) isotope record derived from pelagic marine barite. Our δ
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.aaz9266
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Zs.MG 77: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A 35-million-year record of seawater stable Sr isotopes reveals a fluctuating global carbon cycle

Paytan, Adina / Griffith, Elizabeth M. / Eisenhauer, Anton / Hain, Mathis P. / Wallmann, Klaus / Ridgwell, Andrew

2021

Abstract	Changes in the concentration and isotopic composition of the major constituents in seawater reflect changes in their sources and sinks. Because many of the processes controlling these sources and sinks are tied to the cycling of carbon, such records can provide insights into what drives past changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and climate. Here, we present a stable strontium (Sr) isotope record derived from pelagic marine barite. Our δ 88/86 Sr record exhibits a complex pattern, first declining between 35 and 15 million years ago (Ma), then increasing from 15 to 5 Ma, before declining again from ~5 Ma to the present. Numerical modeling reveals that the associated fluctuations in seawater Sr concentrations are about ±25% relative to present-day seawater. We interpret the δ 88/86 Sr data as reflecting changes in the mineralogy and burial location of biogenic carbonates.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-26
Publisher	AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science)
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Subglacial precipitates record Antarctic ice sheet response to late Pleistocene millennial climate cycles.

Piccione, Gavin / Blackburn, Terrence / Tulaczyk, Slawek / Rasbury, E Troy / Hain, Mathis P / Ibarra, Daniel E / Methner, Katharina / Tinglof, Chloe / Cheney, Brandon / Northrup, Paul / Licht, Kathy

Nature communications

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 5428

Abstract: Ice cores and offshore sedimentary records demonstrate enhanced ice loss along Antarctic coastal margins during millennial-scale warm intervals within the last glacial termination. However, the distal location and short temporal coverage of these records ...

Abstract	Ice cores and offshore sedimentary records demonstrate enhanced ice loss along Antarctic coastal margins during millennial-scale warm intervals within the last glacial termination. However, the distal location and short temporal coverage of these records leads to uncertainty in both the spatial footprint of ice loss, and whether millennial-scale ice response occurs outside of glacial terminations. Here we present a >100kyr archive of periodic transitions in subglacial precipitate mineralogy that are synchronous with Late Pleistocene millennial-scale climate cycles. Geochemical and geochronologic data provide evidence for opal formation during cold periods via cryoconcentration of subglacial brine, and calcite formation during warm periods through the addition of subglacial meltwater originating from the ice sheet interior. These freeze-flush cycles represent cyclic changes in subglacial hydrologic-connectivity driven by ice sheet velocity fluctuations. Our findings imply that oscillating Southern Ocean temperatures drive a dynamic response in the Antarctic ice sheet on millennial timescales, regardless of the background climate state.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-022-33009-1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Orbital CO2 reconstruction using boron isotopes during the late Pleistocene, an assessment of accuracy

Vega, Elwyn / Chalk, Thomas B. / Hain, Mathis P. / Wilding, Megan R. / Casey, Daniel / Gledhill, Robin / Luo, Chongguang / Wilson, Paul A. / Foster, Gavin L.

eISSN: 1814-9332

2023

Abstract: Boron isotopes in planktonic foraminifera are a widely used proxy to determine ancient surface seawater pH, and by extension atmospheric CO 2 concentration and climate forcing on geological time scales. Yet, to reconstruct absolute values for pH and CO 2 ...

Abstract	Boron isotopes in planktonic foraminifera are a widely used proxy to determine ancient surface seawater pH, and by extension atmospheric CO 2 concentration and climate forcing on geological time scales. Yet, to reconstruct absolute values for pH and CO 2 , we require a δ 11 B foram-borate to pH calibration and independent determinations of ocean temperature, salinity, a second carbonate parameter, and the boron isotope composition of seawater. Although δ 11 B-derived records of atmospheric CO 2 have been shown to perform well against ice core-based CO 2 reconstructions, these tests have been performed at only a few locations and with limited temporal resolution. Here we present two highly resolved CO 2 records for the late Pleistocene from ODP Sites 999 and 871. Our δ 11 B-derived CO 2 record shows a very good agreement with the ice core CO 2 record with an average offset of 4.6 ± 49 (2σ) ppm, and a RMSE of 25 ppm, with minor short-lived overestimations of CO 2 (of up to ~50 ppm) occurring during some glacial onsets. We explore potential drivers of this disagreement and conclude that partial dissolution of foraminifera has a minimal effect on the CO 2 offset. We also observe that the general agreement between δ 11 B -derived and ice core CO 2 is improved by optimising the δ 11 B foram-borate calibration. Despite these minor issues a strong linear relationship between relative change in climate forcing from CO 2 (from ice core data) and pH change (from δ 11 B) exists over the late Pleistocene, confirming that pH change is a robust proxy of climate forcing over relatively short (<1 million year) intervals. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the boron isotope proxy is a reliable indicator of CO 2 beyond the reach of the ice cores and can help improve determinations of climate sensitivity for ancient time intervals.
Subject code	333 ; 290
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-05
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Orbital CO2 reconstruction using boron isotopes during the late Pleistocene, an assessment of accuracy

Vega, Elwyn / Chalk, Thomas B. / Hain, Mathis P. / Wilding, Megan R. / Casey, Daniel / Gledhill, Robin / Luo, Chongguang / Wilson, Paul A. / Foster, Gavin L.

eISSN: 1814-9332

2023

Abstract: Boron isotopes in planktonic foraminifera are a widely used proxy to determine ancient surface seawater pH and by extension atmospheric CO 2 concentration and climate forcing on geological timescales. Yet, to reconstruct absolute values for pH and CO 2 , ...

Abstract	Boron isotopes in planktonic foraminifera are a widely used proxy to determine ancient surface seawater pH and by extension atmospheric CO 2 concentration and climate forcing on geological timescales. Yet, to reconstruct absolute values for pH and CO 2 , we require a δ 11 B foram-borate to pH calibration and independent determinations of ocean temperature, salinity, a second carbonate parameter, and the boron isotope composition of seawater. Although δ 11 B-derived records of atmospheric CO 2 have been shown to perform well against ice-core-based CO 2 reconstructions, these tests have been performed at only a few locations and with limited temporal resolution. Here we present two highly resolved CO 2 records for the late Pleistocene from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 999 and 871. Our δ 11 B-derived CO 2 record shows a very good agreement with the ice core CO 2 record with an average offset of 13±46 ( 2 σ ) and an RMSE of 26 ppm, with minor short-lived overestimations of CO 2 (of up to ∼50 ppm) occurring during some glacial onsets. We explore potential drivers of this disagreement and conclude that partial dissolution of foraminifera has a minimal effect on the CO 2 offset. We also observe that the general agreement between δ 11 B-derived and ice core CO 2 is improved by optimising the δ 11 B foram-borate calibration. Despite these minor issues, a strong linear relationship between relative change in climate forcing from CO 2 (from ice core data) and pH change (from δ 11 B) exists over the late Pleistocene, confirming that pH change is a robust proxy of climate forcing over relatively short ( <1 million year) intervals. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the boron isotope proxy is a reliable indicator of CO 2 beyond the reach of the ice cores and can help improve determinations of climate sensitivity for ancient time intervals.
Subject code	511 ; 333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-12
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Global reorganization of deep-sea circulation and carbon storage after the last ice age.

Rafter, Patrick A / Gray, William R / Hines, Sophia K V / Burke, Andrea / Costa, Kassandra M / Gottschalk, Julia / Hain, Mathis P / Rae, James W B / Southon, John R / Walczak, Maureen H / Yu, Jimin / Adkins, Jess F / DeVries, Timothy

Science advances

2022 Volume 8, Issue 46, Page(s) eabq5434

Abstract: Using new and published marine fossil radiocarbon ( ...

Abstract	Using new and published marine fossil radiocarbon (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2810933-8
ISSN	2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
ISSN (online)	2375-2548
ISSN	2375-2548
DOI	10.1126/sciadv.abq5434
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: What drives the latitudinal gradient in open-ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration?

Wu, Yingxu / Hain, Mathis P. / Humphreys, Matthew P. / Hartman, Sue / Tyrrell, Toby

eISSN: 1726-4189

2019

Abstract: Previous work has not led to a clear understanding of the causes of spatial pattern in global surface ocean dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), which generally increases polewards. Here, we revisit this question by investigating the drivers of observed ... ...

Abstract	Previous work has not led to a clear understanding of the causes of spatial pattern in global surface ocean dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), which generally increases polewards. Here, we revisit this question by investigating the drivers of observed latitudinal gradients in surface salinity-normalized DIC (nDIC) using the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2) database. We used the database to test three different hypotheses for the driver producing the observed increase in surface nDIC from low to high latitudes. These are (1) sea surface temperature, through its effect on the CO 2 system equilibrium constants, (2) salinity-related total alkalinity (TA), and (3) high-latitude upwelling of DIC- and TA-rich deep waters. We find that temperature and upwelling are the two major drivers. TA effects generally oppose the observed gradient, except where higher values are introduced in upwelled waters. Temperature-driven effects explain the majority of the surface nDIC latitudinal gradient (182 of the 223 µ mol kg −1 increase from the tropics to the high-latitude Southern Ocean). Upwelling, which has not previously been considered as a major driver, additionally drives a substantial latitudinal gradient. Its immediate impact, prior to any induced air–sea CO 2 exchange, is to raise Southern Ocean nDIC by 220 µ mol kg −1 above the average low-latitude value. However, this immediate effect is transitory. The long-term impact of upwelling (brought about by increasing TA), which would persist even if gas exchange were to return the surface ocean to the same CO 2 as without upwelling, is to increase nDIC by 74 µ mol kg −1 above the low-latitude average.
Subject code	551 ; 333
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-11
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: What drives the latitudinal gradient in open ocean surface dissolved inorganic carbon concentration?

Wu, Yingxu / Hain, Mathis P. / Humphreys, Matthew P. / Hartman, Sue / Tyrrell, Toby

eISSN: 1726-4189

2018

Abstract: Previous work has not led to a clear understanding of the causes of spatial pattern in global surface ocean DIC, which generally increases polewards. Here, we revisit this question by investigating the drivers of observed latitudinal gradients in surface ...

Abstract	Previous work has not led to a clear understanding of the causes of spatial pattern in global surface ocean DIC, which generally increases polewards. Here, we revisit this question by investigating the drivers of observed latitudinal gradients in surface salinity-normalized DIC (nDIC) using the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project Version 2 (GLODAPv2) database. We used the database to test three different hypotheses for the driver producing the observed increase in surface nDIC from low to high latitudes. These are: (1) sea surface temperature, through its effect on the CO 2 system equilibrium constants, (2) salinity-related total alkalinity (TA), and (3) high latitude upwelling of DIC- and TA-rich deep waters. We find that temperature and upwelling are the two major drivers. TA effects generally oppose the observed gradient, except where higher values are introduced in upwelled waters. Temperature-driven effects explains the majority of the surface nDIC latitudinal gradient (182 out of 223 μmol kg −1 in the high-latitude Southern Ocean). Upwelling, which has not previously been considered as a major driver, additionally drives a substantial latitudinal gradient. Its immediate impact, prior to any induced air-sea CO 2 exchange, is to raise Southern Ocean nDIC by 208 μmol kg −1 above the average low latitude value. However, this immediate effect is transitory. The long-term impact of upwelling (brought about by increasing TA), which would persist even if gas exchange were to return the surface ocean to the same CO 2 as without upwelling, is to increase nDIC by 74 μmol kg −1 above the low latitude average.
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-15
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The polar ocean and glacial cycles in atmospheric CO(2) concentration.

Sigman, Daniel M / Hain, Mathis P / Haug, Gerald H

Nature

2010 Volume 466, Issue 7302, Page(s) 47–55

Abstract: Global climate and the atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide () are correlated over recent glacial cycles, with lower during ice ages, but the causes of the changes are unknown. The modern Southern Ocean releases deeply sequestered CO(2) to the ... ...

Abstract	Global climate and the atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide () are correlated over recent glacial cycles, with lower during ice ages, but the causes of the changes are unknown. The modern Southern Ocean releases deeply sequestered CO(2) to the atmosphere. Growing evidence suggests that the Southern Ocean CO(2) 'leak' was stemmed during ice ages, increasing ocean CO(2) storage. Such a change would also have made the global ocean more alkaline, driving additional ocean CO(2) uptake. This explanation for lower ice-age , if correct, has much to teach us about the controls on current ocean processes.
MeSH term(s)	Antarctic Regions ; Atmosphere/chemistry ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Carbon Dioxide/history ; Carbon Dioxide/metabolism ; Eukaryota/metabolism ; History, 21st Century ; History, Ancient ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ice Cover ; Oceans and Seas ; Seawater/chemistry ; Seawater/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-07-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Review
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/nature09149
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.MO 244: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The silicon cycle impacted by past ice sheets.

Hawkings, Jon R / Hatton, Jade E / Hendry, Katharine R / de Souza, Gregory F / Wadham, Jemma L / Ivanovic, Ruza / Kohler, Tyler J / Stibal, Marek / Beaton, Alexander / Lamarche-Gagnon, Guillaume / Tedstone, Andrew / Hain, Mathis P / Bagshaw, Elizabeth / Pike, Jennifer / Tranter, Martyn

Nature communications

2018 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 3210

Abstract: Globally averaged riverine silicon (Si) concentrations and isotope composition ( ... ...

Abstract	Globally averaged riverine silicon (Si) concentrations and isotope composition (δ
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-018-05689-1
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