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Article ; Online: Schisandra henryi —A Rare Species with High Medicinal Potential

Karolina Jafernik / Halina Ekiert / Agnieszka Szopa

Molecules, Vol 28, Iss 4333, p

2023 Volume 4333

Abstract: Schisandra henryi (Schisandraceae) is a plant species endemic to Yunnan Province in China and is little known in Europe and America. To date, few studies, mainly performed by Chinese researchers, have been conducted on S. henryi . The chemical ... ...

Abstract	Schisandra henryi (Schisandraceae) is a plant species endemic to Yunnan Province in China and is little known in Europe and America. To date, few studies, mainly performed by Chinese researchers, have been conducted on S. henryi . The chemical composition of this plant is dominated by lignans (dibenzocyclooctadiene, aryltetralin, dibenzylbutane), polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavonoids), triterpenoids, and nortriterpenoids. The research on the chemical profile of S. henryi showed a similar chemical composition to S. chinensis —a globally known pharmacopoeial species with valuable medicinal properties whichis the best-known species of the genus Schisandra. The whole genus is characterized by the presence of the aforementioned specific dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, known as “Schisandra lignans”. This paper was intended to provide a comprehensive review of the scientific literature published on the research conducted on S. henryi , with particular emphasis on the chemical composition and biological properties. Recently, a phytochemical, biological, and biotechnological study conducted by our team highlighted the great potential of S. henryi in in vitro cultures. The biotechnological research revealed the possibilities of the use of biomass from S. henryi as an alternative to raw material that cannot be easily obtained from natural sites. Moreover, the characterization of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans specific to the Schisandraceae family was provided. Except for several scientific studies which have confirmed the most valuable pharmacological properties of these lignans, hepatoprotective and hepatoregenerative, this article also reviews studies that have confirmed the anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, antiviral, antioxidant, cardioprotective, and anti-osteoporotic effects and their application for treating intestinal dysfunction.
Keywords	Schisandra henryi ; Schisandra chinensis ; chemical composition ; dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans ; Schisandra lignans ; biotechnological research ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Chemical composition, biological activity and utilization of chia seeds (Salviae hispanicae semen)

Sara Motyka / Halina Ekiert / Agnieszka Szopa

Farmacja Polska, Vol 77, Iss 11, Pp 651-

2021 Volume 661

Abstract: Streszczenie w języku polskim Źródłem nasion chia (Salviae hispanicae semen) jest szałwia hiszpańska (Salvia hispanica L.) Jest to surowiec wyróżniający się bogatym składem chemicznym, określanym jako „health food”. Celem pracy był przegląd piśmiennictwa ...

Abstract	Streszczenie w języku polskim Źródłem nasion chia (Salviae hispanicae semen) jest szałwia hiszpańska (Salvia hispanica L.) Jest to surowiec wyróżniający się bogatym składem chemicznym, określanym jako „health food”. Celem pracy był przegląd piśmiennictwa naukowego dotyczącego tego gatunku, jego składu chemicznego, właściwości biologicznych, znaczenia w diecie, oraz zastosowania w lecznictwie i kosmetologii. Bogaty skład chemiczny - szczególnie wysoka zawartość niezbędnych nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych (NNKT), aminokwasów egzogennych, polifenoli, oraz witamin i biopierwiastków, warunkuje cenne właściwości nasion chia. Surowiec ten posiada udowodnione działanie kardioprotekcyjne, hipotensyjne, przeciwcukrzycowe i przeciwmiażdżycowe. Badanie przeprowadzone na modelach in vitro, na zwierzętach oraz na ludziach wskazują, że nasiona chia mają też właściwości neuroprotekcyjne, przeciwzapalne i antyoksydacyjne. Najnowsze badania dowodzą również działania immunostymulującego i ich istotnego znaczenia w prewencji chorób nowotworowych. Liczne badania naukowe potwierdzają, że zastosowanie nasion chia może być innowacyjną perspektywą terapeutyczną wykorzystywaną w profilaktyce i leczeniu chorób cywilizacyjnych. Nasiona chia są obecnie surowcem zyskującym na popularności w przemyśle spożywczym, farmaceutycznym i kosmetycznym w Europie, w tym w Polsce, nie tylko ze względu na skład chemiczny i aktywność biologiczną, ale i na dostępność. Mimo, że S. hispanica jest gatunkiem o bardzo ograniczonym obszarze naturalnego występowania (Ameryka Środkowa), jest z powodzeniem uprawiany w wielu rejonach świata. Słowa kluczowe: Salvia hispanica, Szałwia hiszpańska, chia, skład chemiczny, badania naukowe, tradycyjna medycyna chińska, zastosowanie w kosmetologii, zastosowanie w terapii, pozycja w przemyśle spożywczym Streszczenie w języku angielskim The source of chia seeds (Salviae hispanicae semen) is Spanish sage (Salvia hispanica L.) It is a raw material distinguished by a rich chemical composition, referred to as ,,health food”. ...
Keywords	salvia hispanica ; spanish sage ; chia ; chemical composition ; scientific research ; traditional chinese medicine ; use in cosmetology ; use in therapy ; position in the food industry ; Pharmacy and materia medica ; RS1-441
Subject code	540
Language	Polish
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Polish Pharmaceutical Society
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparative Analysis of Metabolic Variations, Antioxidant Profiles and Antimicrobial Activity of Salvia hispanica (Chia) Seed, Sprout, Leaf, Flower, Root and Herb Extracts

Sara Motyka / Barbara Kusznierewicz / Halina Ekiert / Izabela Korona-Głowniak / Agnieszka Szopa

Molecules, Vol 28, Iss 2728, p

2023 Volume 2728

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profiles of the seeds, sprouts, leaves, flowers, roots and herb of Salvia hispanica and to demonstrate their significant contribution to antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Applied methods ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical profiles of the seeds, sprouts, leaves, flowers, roots and herb of Salvia hispanica and to demonstrate their significant contribution to antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Applied methods were: HPLC-DAD coupled with post-column derivatization with ABTS reagent, untargeted metabolomics performed by LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS, and two-fold micro-dilution broth method, which involved suspending a solution of tested compounds dissolved in DMSO in Mueller–Hinton broth for bacteria or Mueller–Hinton broth with 2% glucose for fungi. Metabolomic profiling using LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS used in this study yielded the identification and preliminary characterization of one hundred fifteen compounds. The dominant class of compounds was terpenoids (31 compounds), followed by flavonoids (21 compounds), phenolic acids and derivatives (19 compounds), organic acids (16 compounds) and others (fatty acids, sugars and unidentified compounds). The organic and phenolic acids were the most abundant classes in terms of total peak area, with distribution depending on the plant raw materials obtained from S. hispanica. The main compound among this class for all types of extracts was rosmarinic acid which was proven to be the most abundant for antioxidant potential. All tested extracts exhibited considerable antibacterial and antifungal activity. The strongest bioactivity was found in leaf extracts, which presented bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria ( S. aureus , S. epidermidis , M. luteus and E. faecalis ). The work represents the first compendium of knowledge comparing different S. hispanica plant raw materials in terms of the profile of biologically active metabolites and their contribution to antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal activity.
Keywords	Salvia hispanica ; chia ; phytochemical analysis ; antioxidant activity ; antibacterial activity ; antifungal activity ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Characteristics of bakuchiol - the compound with high biological activity and the main source of its acquisition - Cullen corylifolium (L.) Medik

Jafernik, Karolina / Halina, Ekiert / Ercisli, Sezai / Szopa, Agnieszka

Natural product research. 2021 Dec. 17, v. 35, no. 24

2021

Abstract: The article presents the characteristics of bakuchiol – a natural compound valuable in cosmetology and pharmacology. The only source for obtaining this specific meroterpenic phenol is the fruit of the species Cullen corylifolium (Psoralea corylifolia). ... ...

Abstract	The article presents the characteristics of bakuchiol – a natural compound valuable in cosmetology and pharmacology. The only source for obtaining this specific meroterpenic phenol is the fruit of the species Cullen corylifolium (Psoralea corylifolia). Bakuchiol has recently been playing a significant role in cosmetology as a “natural substitute” for retinol, free of side effects. Clinical studies confirm valuable cosmetological properties of bakuchiol, such as anti-ageing, anti-pigmentation and anti-acne effects. Scientific research has also shown valuable pharmacological properties of bakuchiol, such as anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, hypoglycemic, hypolipemic, and antidepressant. In addition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobal activities of bakuchiol, valuable from the point of view of both cosmetology and therapy, have also been confirmed. A separate part of the article is devoted to the botanical, chemical and pharmacological characteristics of the species C. corylifolium as the main source for obtaining bakuchiol.
Keywords	Cullen corylifolium ; antidepressants ; antioxidants ; fruits ; phenol ; research ; therapeutics ; vitamin A
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1217
Size	p. 5828-5842.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2185747-7
ISSN	1478-6427 ; 1478-6419
ISSN (online)	1478-6427
ISSN	1478-6419
DOI	10.1080/14786419.2020.1837813
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Illicium verum (Star Anise) and Trans -Anethole as Valuable Raw Materials for Medicinal and Cosmetic Applications

Marta Sharafan / Karolina Jafernik / Halina Ekiert / Paweł Kubica / Ryszard Kocjan / Eliza Blicharska / Agnieszka Szopa

Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 650, p

2022 Volume 650

Abstract: Illicium verum Hook f. (star anise) is considered an important species in Traditional Chinese Medicine and is also used in contemporary medicine in East Asian countries. It occurs in natural habitats in southeastern parts of China and Vietnam, and is ... ...

Abstract	Illicium verum Hook f. (star anise) is considered an important species in Traditional Chinese Medicine and is also used in contemporary medicine in East Asian countries. It occurs in natural habitats in southeastern parts of China and Vietnam, and is cultivated in various regions in China. The raw materials— Anisi stellati fructus and Anisi stellati aetheroleum obtained from this species exhibit expectorant and spasmolytic activities. The European Pharmacopoeia (4th edition) indicates that these raw materials have been used in allopathy since 2002. The biological activities of the above-mentioned raw materials are determined by the presence of valuable secondary metabolites such as monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and flavonoids. Recent pharmacological studies on fruit extracts and the essential oil of this species have confirmed their antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities and thus their medicinal and cosmetic value. The aim of this review was to examine the progress of phytochemical and pharmacological studies that focused on possible cosmetic applications. In addition to fruit extracts and essential oil, the current consensus on the safety of trans -anethole, which is the main compound of essential oil used in cosmetology, is underlined here.
Keywords	star anise ; trans -anethole ; star anise oil ; chemical composition ; traditional applications ; new directions of biological activity ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Antioxidant Potential and Enhancement of Bioactive Metabolite Production in In Vitro Cultures of Scutellaria lateriflora L. by Biotechnological Methods

Inga Kwiecień / Natalizia Miceli / Manuela D’Arrigo / Andreana Marino / Halina Ekiert

Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 1140, p

2022 Volume 1140

Abstract: Studies carried out using three different in vitro assays and a biological setting ( Escherichia coil ) demonstrated the antioxidant activity of Scutellaria lateriflora microshoot extract. Moreover, the extract exhibited no toxicity in a brine shrimp ... ...

Abstract	Studies carried out using three different in vitro assays and a biological setting ( Escherichia coil ) demonstrated the antioxidant activity of Scutellaria lateriflora microshoot extract. Moreover, the extract exhibited no toxicity in a brine shrimp lethality bioassay. These results indicated that microshoots are a rich, safe source of antioxidants, which encouraged us to enhance their production in vitro. In agar and agitated cultures, two biotechnological strategies were applied: feeding the cultures with the biogenetic precursors of the phenolics—phenylalanine and tyrosine, and eliciting them with methyl jasmonate. Specific Scutellaria flavonoids and verbascoside were analysed by HPLC. Feeding with precursors (1 g/L) in agar cultures decreased the production of the metabolites. In agitated cultures, different concentrations of precursors (1.0–2.5 g/L) and the elicitor (10; 50; 100 µM) were tested. Additionally, parallel feeding with the precursor and elicitor in a concentration of 50 µM were applied. The best strategy for total flavonoid and verbascoside production was phenylalanine feeding (1.5 g/L), max. 3765 and 475 mg/100 g DW, respectively, after 7 days. This is the first report documenting the high antioxidant production in S. lateriflora microshoots after feeding with phenylalanine. Moreover, for the first time, bioreactor cultures were successfully maintained, obtaining attractive results (max. total flavonoid content 2348 and verbascoside 485 mg/100 g DW).
Keywords	Scutellaria lateriflora ; in vitro cultures ; Scutellaria -specific flavonoids ; verbascoside ; antioxidant activity ; phenylalanine ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Schisandra rubriflora Fruit and Leaves as Promising New Materials of High Biological Potential

Ewelina Sobstyl / Agnieszka Szopa / Michał Dziurka / Halina Ekiert / Hanna Nikolaichuk / Irena Maria Choma

Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 2116, p

Lignan Profiling and Effect-Directed Analysis

2022 Volume 2116

Abstract: The effect-directed detection (EDD) of Schisandra rubriflora fruit and leaves extracts was performed to assess their pharmacological properties. The EDD comprised TLC—direct bioautography against Bacillus subtilis , a DPPH assay, as well as α-glucosidase, ...

Abstract	The effect-directed detection (EDD) of Schisandra rubriflora fruit and leaves extracts was performed to assess their pharmacological properties. The EDD comprised TLC—direct bioautography against Bacillus subtilis , a DPPH assay, as well as α-glucosidase, lipase, tyrosinase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition assays. The leaf extracts showed stronger antioxidant activity than the fruit extract as well as inhibition of tyrosinase and lipase. The fruit extract was found to be extremely active against B. subtilis and to inhibit α-glucosidase and AChE slightly more than the leaf extracts. UHPLC–MS/MS analysis was carried out for the bioactive fractions and pointed to the possible anti-dementia properties of the dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans found in the upper TLC fractions. Gomisin N (518 mg/100 g DW), schisanhenol (454 mg/100 g DW), gomisin G (197 mg/100 g DW), schisandrin A (167 mg/100 g DW), and gomisin O (150 mg/100 g DW) were the quantitatively dominant compounds in the fruit extract. In total, twenty-one lignans were found in the bioactive fractions.
Keywords	dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans ; TLC-DB ; EDA ; UHPLC–MS/MS ; Schisandra rubriflora ; red-flowered Chinese magnolia vine ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Current State of Knowledge on Salvia hispanica and Salviae hispanicae semen (Chia Seeds)

Sara Motyka / Katarzyna Koc / Halina Ekiert / Eliza Blicharska / Katarzyna Czarnek / Agnieszka Szopa

Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 1207, p

2022 Volume 1207

Abstract: Chia seeds ( Salviae hispanicae semen ) are obtained from Salvia hispanica L. This raw material is distinguished by its rich chemical composition and valuable nutritional properties. It is currently referred to as “health food”. The purpose of the ... ...

Abstract	Chia seeds ( Salviae hispanicae semen ) are obtained from Salvia hispanica L. This raw material is distinguished by its rich chemical composition and valuable nutritional properties. It is currently referred to as “health food”. The purpose of the present work was to perform a literature review on S. hispanica and chia seeds, focusing on their chemical composition, biological properties, dietary importance, and medicinal uses. The valuable biological properties of chia seeds are related to their rich chemical composition, with particularly high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, essential amino acids, polyphenols, as well as vitamins and bioelements. The available scientific literature indicates the cardioprotective, hypotensive, antidiabetic, and antiatherosclerotic effects of this raw material. In addition, studies based on in vitro assays and animal and human models have proven that chia seeds are characterized by neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. These properties indicate a valuable role of chia in the prevention of civilization diseases. Chia seeds are increasingly popular in functional food and cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. That is attributed not only to their desirable chemical composition and biological activity but also to their high availability. Nevertheless, S. hispanica is also the object of specific biotechnological studies aimed at elaboration of micropropagation protocols of this plant species.
Keywords	Salvia hispanica ; chia ; chia seeds ; essential fatty acids ; essential amino acids ; biological activity ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Different Types of Hypericum perforatum cvs. (Elixir, Helos, Topas) In Vitro Cultures

Inga Kwiecień / Natalizia Miceli / Elżbieta Kędzia / Emilia Cavò / Maria Fernanda Taviano / Ludger Beerhues / Halina Ekiert

Molecules, Vol 28, Iss 2376, p

A Rich Source of Bioactive Metabolites and Biological Activities of Biomass Extracts

2023 Volume 2376

Abstract: Microshoot agitated and bioreactor cultures (PlantForm bioreactors) of three Hypericum perforatum cultivars (Elixir, Helos, Topas) were maintained in four variants of Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1- ... ...

Abstract	Microshoot agitated and bioreactor cultures (PlantForm bioreactors) of three Hypericum perforatum cultivars (Elixir, Helos, Topas) were maintained in four variants of Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (in the range of 0.1–3.0 mg/L). In both types of in vitro cultures, the accumulation dynamics of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and catechins were investigated during 5- and 4-week growth cycles, respectively. The contents of metabolites in methanolic extracts from biomasses collected in 1-week intervals were estimated by HPLC. The highest total contents of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and catechins were 505, 2386, and 712 mg/100 g DW, respectively (agitated cultures of cv. Helos). The extracts from biomass grown under the best in vitro culture conditions were examined for antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The extracts showed high or moderate antioxidant activity (DPPH, reducing power, and chelating activity assays), high activity against Gram-positive bacteria, and strong antifungal activity. Additionally, experiments with phenylalanine feeding (1 g/L) in agitated cultures were performed reaching the highest enhancement of the total contents of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and catechins on day 7 after the addition of the biogenetic precursor (2.33-, 1.73- and 1.33-fold, respectively). After feeding, the highest accumulation of polyphenols was detected in the agitated culture of cv. Elixir (4.48 g/100 g DW). The high contents of metabolites and the promising biological properties of the biomass extracts are interesting from a practical point of view.
Keywords	St. John’s wort ; cultivars ; agitated culture ; bioreactor culture ; antioxidant activity ; antimicrobial activity ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Characteristics of bakuchiol - the compound with high biological activity and the main source of its acquisition -

Jafernik, Karolina / Halina, Ekiert / Ercisli, Sezai / Szopa, Agnieszka

Natural product research

2020 Volume 35, Issue 24, Page(s) 5828–5842

Abstract: The article presents the characteristics of bakuchiol - a natural compound valuable in cosmetology and pharmacology. The only source for obtaining this specific meroterpenic phenol is the fruit of the ... ...

Abstract	The article presents the characteristics of bakuchiol - a natural compound valuable in cosmetology and pharmacology. The only source for obtaining this specific meroterpenic phenol is the fruit of the species
MeSH term(s)	Fabaceae ; Phenols ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Psoralea
Chemical Substances	Phenols ; Plant Extracts ; bakuchiol (OT12HJU3AR)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2185747-7
ISSN	1478-6427 ; 1478-6419
ISSN (online)	1478-6427
ISSN	1478-6419
DOI	10.1080/14786419.2020.1837813
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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