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Article ; Online: Future directions for positive body image research.

Halliwell, Emma

2015 Volume 14, Page(s) 177–189

Abstract: The emergence of positive body image research during the last 10 years represents an important shift in the body image literature. The existing evidence provides a strong empirical basis for the study of positive body image and research has begun to ... ...

Abstract	The emergence of positive body image research during the last 10 years represents an important shift in the body image literature. The existing evidence provides a strong empirical basis for the study of positive body image and research has begun to address issues of age, gender, ethnicity, culture, development, and intervention in relation to positive body image. This article briefly reviews the existing evidence before outlining directions for future research. Specifically, six areas for future positive body image research are outlined: (a) conceptualization, (b) models, (c) developmental factors, (d) social interactions, (e) cognitive processing style, and (f) interventions. Finally, the potential role of positive body image as a protective factor within the broader body image literature is discussed.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Psychological ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Awareness ; Body Image/psychology ; Female ; Gender Identity ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Personal Satisfaction ; Psychosexual Development ; Research ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2211449-X
ISSN	1873-6807 ; 1740-1445
ISSN (online)	1873-6807
ISSN	1740-1445
DOI	10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.003
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Article ; Online: Optimising the use of cell salvage in revision hip arthroplasty.

Walker, Lucy C / Halliwell, Emma / Veitch, Stephen W

Journal of perioperative practice

2022 Volume 33, Issue 7-8, Page(s) 239–247

Abstract: Background: Intraoperative cell salvage is an established method to reduce the requirement for and the volume of allogenic blood transfusion but adds to the financial cost of performing surgery.: Aims: The primary aim of this study was to determine ... ...

Abstract	Background: Intraoperative cell salvage is an established method to reduce the requirement for and the volume of allogenic blood transfusion but adds to the financial cost of performing surgery. Aims: The primary aim of this study was to determine which patients and what type of revision hip surgery benefit most from intraoperative cell salvage. Methods: This observational study included patients who underwent revision hip surgery performed by the senior author at a single orthopaedic unit. The cohort was divided into single and two-component revision groups; then, the transfusion requirement combined with analysis of patient factors was used to create a decision-making protocol. Findings: The two-component group had a significantly higher number of cases using cell salvage and a higher total transfusion volume. Patients who required postoperative allogenic blood transfusions had a higher mean age, were less likely to have received tranexamic acid and had a lower preoperative haemoglobin level. Conclusion: Based on these results, a decision-making protocol was developed for when to use cell salvage in revision hip surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Blood Transfusion, Autologous/methods ; Blood Transfusion ; Tranexamic Acid ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Tranexamic Acid (6T84R30KC1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2226186-2
ISSN	2515-7949 ; 1750-4589
ISSN (online)	2515-7949
ISSN	1750-4589
DOI	10.1177/17504589221099832
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Article ; Online: The impact of thin idealized media images on body satisfaction: does body appreciation protect women from negative effects?

Halliwell, Emma

Body image

2013 Volume 10, Issue 4, Page(s) 509–514

Abstract: This article examines whether positive body image can protect women from negative media exposure effects. University women (N=112) were randomly allocated to view advertisements featuring ultra-thin models or control images. Women who reported high ... ...

Abstract	This article examines whether positive body image can protect women from negative media exposure effects. University women (N=112) were randomly allocated to view advertisements featuring ultra-thin models or control images. Women who reported high levels of body appreciation did not report negative media exposure effects. Furthermore, the protective role of body appreciation was also evident among women known to be vulnerable to media exposure. Women high on thin-ideal internalization and low on body appreciation reported appearance-discrepancies that were more salient and larger when they viewed models compared to the control group. However, women high on thin-ideal internalization and also high on body appreciation rated appearance-discrepancies as less important and no difference in size than the control group. The results support the notion that positive body image protects women from negative environmental appearance messages and suggests that promoting positive body image may be an effective intervention strategy.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Body Image/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Media ; Personal Satisfaction ; Self Concept ; Students/psychology ; Thinness/psychology ; United Kingdom ; Women/psychology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2211449-X
ISSN	1873-6807 ; 1740-1445
ISSN (online)	1873-6807
ISSN	1740-1445
DOI	10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.07.004
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Article ; Online: "I didn't want to say something and them to go outside and tell everyone": The acceptability of a dissonance-based body image intervention among adolescent girls in the UK.

Jarman, Hannah K / Treneman-Evans, Georgia / Halliwell, Emma

Body image

2021 Volume 38, Page(s) 80–84

Abstract: Cognitive dissonance-based interventions (CDIs) have been well established as effective programs for the prevention of eating disorders. However, limited research has qualitatively explored adolescent girls experience of such interventions. The present ... ...

Abstract	Cognitive dissonance-based interventions (CDIs) have been well established as effective programs for the prevention of eating disorders. However, limited research has qualitatively explored adolescent girls experience of such interventions. The present study examined the acceptability of a cognitive dissonance-based body image intervention among adolescent girls in UK secondary schools. Adolescent girls aged 14-18 years (N = 99; M
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Body Image/psychology ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy/methods ; Cognitive Dissonance ; Female ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Peer Group ; Treatment Outcome ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2211449-X
ISSN	1873-6807 ; 1740-1445
ISSN (online)	1873-6807
ISSN	1740-1445
DOI	10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.03.011
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Article: Engineering Solutions for Mitigation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Dysfunction.

Gavriil, Artemis / Barisa, Marta / Halliwell, Emma / Anderson, John

Cancers

2020 Volume 12, Issue 8

Abstract: The clinical successes of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy targeting cell surface antigens in B cell leukaemias and lymphomas has demonstrated the proof of concept that appropriately engineered T-cells have the capacity to destroy advanced ... ...

Abstract	The clinical successes of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy targeting cell surface antigens in B cell leukaemias and lymphomas has demonstrated the proof of concept that appropriately engineered T-cells have the capacity to destroy advanced cancer with long term remissions ensuing. Nevertheless, it has been significantly more problematic to effect long term clinical benefit in a solid tumour context. A major contributing factor to the clinical failure of CAR-T-cells in solid tumours has been named, almost interchangeably, as T-cell "dysfunction" or "exhaustion". While unhelpful ambiguity surrounds the term "dysfunction", "exhaustion" is canonically regarded as a pejorative term for T-cells. Recent understanding of T-cell developmental biology now identifies exhausted cells as vital for effective immune responses in the context of ongoing antigenic challenge. The purpose of this review is to explore the critical stages in the CAR-T-cell life-cycle and their various contributions to T-cell exhaustion. Through an appreciation of the predominant mechanisms of CAR-T-cell exhaustion and resultant dysfunction, we describe a range of engineering approaches to improve CAR-T-cell function.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2527080-1
ISSN	2072-6694
ISSN	2072-6694
DOI	10.3390/cancers12082326
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Article ; Online: A systematic review of interventions aiming to promote positive body image in children and adolescents.

Guest, Ella / Zucchelli, Fabio / Costa, Bruna / Bhatia, Radhika / Halliwell, Emma / Harcourt, Diana

Body image

2022 Volume 42, Page(s) 58–74

Abstract: Evidence shows interventions can improve positive body image in adult women. This systematic review examined the evidence of efficacy of interventions that aimed to increase positive body image in children and young people aged under 18 years. The ... ...

Abstract	Evidence shows interventions can improve positive body image in adult women. This systematic review examined the evidence of efficacy of interventions that aimed to increase positive body image in children and young people aged under 18 years. The authors followed PRISMA guidelines for the review. Searches of CINAHL Plus, Medline, PsychINFO, Wiley Online Library, SCOPUS and grey literature were conducted up to February 2021 and identified 4171 papers. Thirteen studies evaluating 12 interventions, designed for children/adolescents aged 9-18 years, were eligible and evaluated using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool. The studies evaluated body appreciation, body-esteem, and embodiment. Studies using cognitive dissonance, peer support, and psychoeducation had evidence of improving body appreciation and body-esteem in adolescent girls. However, evidence of efficacy for younger children and boys was lacking and the studies ranged in methodological quality. Further research should rigorously evaluate positive body image interventions using second-generation measures that assess specific components of positive body image and consider how to promote positive body image in young children and boys.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Body Image/psychology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2211449-X
ISSN	1873-6807 ; 1740-1445
ISSN (online)	1873-6807
ISSN	1740-1445
DOI	10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.04.009
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Article ; Online: A randomized experimental evaluation of a yoga-based body image intervention.

Halliwell, Emma / Dawson, Kayleigh / Burkey, Samantha

Body image

2019 Volume 28, Page(s) 119–127

Abstract: Recent literature argues that body image interventions need to become more embodied. This paper evaluates a brief yoga-based body image intervention which incorporates themes specifically tailored to focus on positive body image. Young women ( ... ...

Abstract	Recent literature argues that body image interventions need to become more embodied. This paper evaluates a brief yoga-based body image intervention which incorporates themes specifically tailored to focus on positive body image. Young women (M
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Affect ; Body Image/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical ; Personal Satisfaction ; Physical Appearance, Body ; Psychometrics ; Students/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Yoga/psychology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2211449-X
ISSN	1873-6807 ; 1740-1445
ISSN (online)	1873-6807
ISSN	1740-1445
DOI	10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.12.005
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Article ; Online: Cognitive-behavioral roots of body image therapy and prevention.

Lewis-Smith, Helena / Diedrichs, Phillippa C / Halliwell, Emma

Body image

2019 Volume 31, Page(s) 309–320

Abstract: The existing array of evidence-based body image prevention and intervention approaches has evolved over time. However, the majority originated directly or indirectly from a cognitive-behavioral conceptualisation of body image pioneered by Thomas F. Cash. ...

Abstract	The existing array of evidence-based body image prevention and intervention approaches has evolved over time. However, the majority originated directly or indirectly from a cognitive-behavioral conceptualisation of body image pioneered by Thomas F. Cash. In this way, it is difficult to overstate the impact Tom Cash has had on body image intervention research and practice. His ground-breaking work, building on the work of Schilder and Fisher, was the first to provide a comprehensive model of body image that reflected the broad range of influences and consequences of body image. His differentiation of the components of body image as a construct and between body image traits and states allowed us to identify and influence targets for intervention. Moreover, the intervention strategies that Tom Cash employed are still used today and laid the foundations for contemporary intervention programs. There is a gap of more than 15 years between the first and last of us receiving our PhDs, yet Cash's work has been an important influence on us all. We are extremely grateful for the theoretical and practical tools that he has given to our field. In this paper, we will outline how Cash's work has informed contemporary body image intervention and prevention. We will describe Cash's theory and intervention tools before discussing how this work paved the way for subsequent research and practice.
MeSH term(s)	Body Dysmorphic Disorders/history ; Body Dysmorphic Disorders/prevention & control ; Body Dysmorphic Disorders/therapy ; Body Image/psychology ; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Psychology/history ; Psychology/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-11
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2211449-X
ISSN	1873-6807 ; 1740-1445
ISSN (online)	1873-6807
ISSN	1740-1445
DOI	10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.08.009
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Article: Increase in linear attenuation coefficient by changing crystal structure of materials for radiation shielding and biomedical devices safety

Halliwell, Elijah / Couch, Caitlynn / Begum, Rahima / Li, Wei / Maqbool, Muhammad

Colloids and surfaces. 2021 Aug. 05, v. 622

2021

Abstract: Linear attenuation coefficient of materials plays an important role in shielding and protection from radiation. It has been observed that higher the density of a material, higher is its linear attenuation coefficient. Thus, to make a material more ... ...

Abstract	Linear attenuation coefficient of materials plays an important role in shielding and protection from radiation. It has been observed that higher the density of a material, higher is its linear attenuation coefficient. Thus, to make a material more suitable for shielding from hazards of radiation, one should increase its linear attenuation coefficient through increase in density of the material. The present work reports that density and linear attenuation coefficient of a material can be increased if its crystalline structure is changed from simple cubical structure to body centered cube (BCC) and faced centered cube (FCC). Results show that by changing the crystal structure of a material, its atomic packing factor also increases which is responsible for increase in density and linear attenuation coefficient. Results also show that linear attenuation coefficient increased by 30% when a crystal structure is changed from simple cubical to BCC. An increase of 41% is found when simple cubical structure transforms to FCC structure. This enhances the ability of the material to be used for radiation shielding and cancer prevention.
Keywords	colloids ; crystal structure ; exhibitions ; materials ; medical equipment ; neoplasms ; safety equipment ; surfaces
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0805
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1500517-3
ISSN	0927-7757
ISSN	0927-7757
DOI	10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126646
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Does body appreciation or satisfaction buffer against idealised functionality-focused images of models?

Mulgrew, Kate E / Findlay, Claire / Lane, Ben R / Halliwell, Emma

Body image

2020 Volume 36, Page(s) 45–52

Abstract: Research suggests that greater levels of body appreciation and body satisfaction may protect women from negative outcomes when viewing media images of the thin-ideal. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of body appreciation and body satisfaction ...

Abstract	Research suggests that greater levels of body appreciation and body satisfaction may protect women from negative outcomes when viewing media images of the thin-ideal. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of body appreciation and body satisfaction in ameliorating negative effects from viewing images of the traditional thin-ideal and the newer functional-ideal (i.e., models presented in active stances with a focus on the function of their body). A sample of 122 women (M
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Australia ; Body Dissatisfaction/psychology ; Body Image/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Mass Media ; Personal Satisfaction ; Photography/statistics & numerical data ; Protective Factors ; Social Comparison ; Universities ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2211449-X
ISSN	1873-6807 ; 1740-1445
ISSN (online)	1873-6807
ISSN	1740-1445
DOI	10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.09.007
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