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  1. Article: Prescribed fire reduces insect infestation in Karuk and Yurok acorn resource systems

    Halpern, Arielle A. / Sousa, Wayne P. / Lake, Frank K. / Carlson, Thomas J. / Paddock, Will

    Elsevier B.V. Forest ecology and management. 2022 Feb. 01, v. 505

    2022  

    Abstract: Prescribed fire is used extensively as a management tool in fire-adapted landscapes of the American West to maintain ecosystem structure and function while reducing wildfire risk. Seasonally specific prescribed fire is used by many Indigenous groups to ... ...

    Institution Bill Tripp on behalf of the Karuk Tribe
    Abstract Prescribed fire is used extensively as a management tool in fire-adapted landscapes of the American West to maintain ecosystem structure and function while reducing wildfire risk. Seasonally specific prescribed fire is used by many Indigenous groups to increase the quality and quantity of cultural resources and promote desired patterns of habitat diversity. Traditionally, the Karuk and Yurok Tribes of California applied fire in tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus, Fagaceae) acorn gathering areas during the fall to reduce infestation in acorns by larvae of the filbertworm (Cydia latiferreana, Tortricidae) and filbert weevil (Curculio occidentalis, Curculionidae). It has become increasingly difficult to select culturally appropriate times in which to apply fire as a resource management tool due to changing environmental conditions and associated political considerations. To assess the effect of non-traditional management on tribal acorn resource systems, we investigated the effects of early summer burning on rates of larval infestation in tanoak acorns. We also studied how competing frugivores affected the availability of edible acorns to human consumers. We found that non-traditional early summer prescribed fire significantly reduced rates of larval infestation during the burn year (36.7%) but no difference between treatments was detected one year-post fire. Selective vertebrate frugivory significantly reduced the density of edible acorns by 39%. Our results highlight the importance of seasonally-specific prescribed fire in managing Karuk and Yurok resource systems and supporting tribal eco-cultural revitalization.
    Keywords Curculio occidentis ; Cydia latiferreana ; Notholithocarpus densiflorus ; acorns ; ecosystems ; forest ecology ; frugivores ; habitats ; humans ; insect infestations ; politics ; prescribed burning ; resource management ; risk ; summer ; wildfires ; California
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0201
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 751138-3
    ISSN 0378-1127
    ISSN 0378-1127
    DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119768
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Understanding gestational and feed management practices of New England sheep producers.

    Kelly, Miriah R / Halpern, Arielle / Reed, Sarah A / Zinn, Steven A / Govoni, Kristen E

    Translational animal science

    2021  Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) txaa234

    Abstract: Several sources of information are available to producers for guidance in managing their breeding flocks; however, it is unknown if sheep producers utilize any or all of these resources. Because maternal diet during gestation can have immediate and long- ... ...

    Abstract Several sources of information are available to producers for guidance in managing their breeding flocks; however, it is unknown if sheep producers utilize any or all of these resources. Because maternal diet during gestation can have immediate and long-lasting negative effects on growth and health of offspring, it is important for producers to insure they are providing appropriate nutritional management to ewes during breeding and gestation. Historically, New England sheep producers have not been included in USDA surveys of sheep producers, and therefore, there is a lack of information about how New England producers manage their flocks, especially in terms of nutrition and gestation. The objective was to determine flock size, breeds, pregnancy detection methods, and feeding management practices of New England sheep producers. To meet this objective, a 12-question survey was developed and disseminated to New England sheep producers via Qualtrics using e-mail survey links, with a 33.2% response rate (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2573-2102
    ISSN (online) 2573-2102
    DOI 10.1093/tas/txaa234
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Prolonged treatment with angiostatin reduces metastatic burden during radiation therapy.

    Gorski, David H / Mauceri, Helena J / Salloum, Rabih M / Halpern, Arielle / Seetharam, Saraswathy / Weichselbaum, Ralph R

    Cancer research

    2003  Volume 63, Issue 2, Page(s) 308–311

    Abstract: Ionizing radiation (IR) and concomitant angiostatin (AS) produce greater than additive local antitumor effects. We examined whether prolonged AS treatment added to IR reduces proliferation of lung metastases from LLC primary tumors. Flank tumors were ... ...

    Abstract Ionizing radiation (IR) and concomitant angiostatin (AS) produce greater than additive local antitumor effects. We examined whether prolonged AS treatment added to IR reduces proliferation of lung metastases from LLC primary tumors. Flank tumors were treated with 40 Gy with or without AS (25 mg/kg/day). IR plus a 14-day course of AS improved local tumor control and blocked the increase in lung weights observed in the group receiving IR plus a 2-day course of AS group. Animals treated with prolonged AS exhibited no increase in lung weight and no macrometastases. These findings suggest that long-term treatment with antiangiogenic compounds may be effective in preventing metastases from IR-treated tumors as well as increasing the local antitumor effects of radiotherapy.
    MeSH term(s) Angiostatins ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/drug therapy ; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/radiotherapy ; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/secondary ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Lung Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Lung Neoplasms/secondary ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Plasminogen/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Peptide Fragments ; Angiostatins (86090-08-6) ; Plasminogen (9001-91-6)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-01-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1432-1
    ISSN 1538-7445 ; 0008-5472
    ISSN (online) 1538-7445
    ISSN 0008-5472
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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