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  1. Article ; Online: Identifying and Determining Dispersion Boundary Bio-aerosols of Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens from Municipal Waste Collection Containers

    Mojtaba Afsharnia / Hamed Biglari / Alireza Mohammadzadeh / Homa Shakeri

    Archives of Hygiene Sciences, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 39-

    2018  Volume 46

    Abstract: Background & Aims of the Study: Identifying and determining the dispersion boundary bio-aerosols of bacterial and fungal pathogens for locating containers of municipal waste in accurate management to prevent from health damage and enhance society health ... ...

    Abstract Background & Aims of the Study: Identifying and determining the dispersion boundary bio-aerosols of bacterial and fungal pathogens for locating containers of municipal waste in accurate management to prevent from health damage and enhance society health is essential. The aim of this research is to identify and assess the radius of bacterial and fungal bio-aerosol emissions from municipal waste collection containers. Materials and methods: This was a cross- sectional study in Gonabad city in which air sample prepared from around the containers from July to October 2015. Sampling was carried out by active Zefon A6 Impactor samplers at a distance of 1.5 m from surface of earth and in several horizontal distances up to 2 m from containers. Totally, 360 samples were gathered and the bacteria and fungi were identified by microbiology tests. Also, temperature, humidity and wind speed was measured. Results: Aspergillus, yeast and Alternaria were the most dominant species of fungi in around of containers. Among bacteria, gram-positive bacilli and Staphylococcus epidermidis were dominant. Most of bio-aerosols in a distance of 25 cm from the containers (228.00±167.12 CFU/m3) and the lowest were observed at a distance of 2 m of the containers (223.86±204.72 CFU/m3). Conclusion: The findings indicated that municipal waste collection containers released the hazardous biological agents as Aspergillus and Staphylococcus aureus that are very pathogenic for human in environment. So the position of the garbage containers for decline the environment health effect, it should not be less than 2 m from human exposure.
    Keywords Bio-aerosols ; Hazardous Biological Agents ; Municipal Waste ; Waste Collection ; Iran ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 650
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Qom University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Food Safety and Health from the Perspective of Islam

    Hamed Biglari / Abdollah Dargahi / Yaser Vaziri / Reyhaneh Ivanbagha / Mahsa Hami / Mohsaen Poursadeqiyan

    پژوهش در دین و سلامت, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 131-

    2020  Volume 143

    Abstract: For downloading the full-text of this article please click here. Background and Objective: The relationship between food and the health of the soul and body is one of the issues mentioned in a monotheistic worldview including Islam. The verse "And We ... ...

    Abstract For downloading the full-text of this article please click here. Background and Objective: The relationship between food and the health of the soul and body is one of the issues mentioned in a monotheistic worldview including Islam. The verse "And We send down of the Qur'an that which is healing and mercy for the believers" confirms the influence of religious teachings in this respect. This study examines the Qur'anic guidelines on food safety and hygiene. Methods: This review study investigates into the health system through library reviews of authentic sources, religious teachings, Quranic verses, authentic statements from the infallibles (Imams and the prophet), important Qur'anic commentaries, statements and books on nutrition on national and international databases. After categorization, the results were analyzed and integrated. The authors declared no conflict of interest. Results: About 250 Qur'anic verses and dozens of statements from the infallibles point to the importance of food and nutrition. The Holy Qur'an mentions the word “food” 48 times, the word “eating” 107 times, and the word “drink” 39 times. In the verses related to food, it has been mentioned six times that food should be Halal, and in various interpretations, the importance of nourishing the body is emphasized. Attitude to food as a sign in knowing God, believing in divine generosity, enjoying divine intent, asserting the rights of those in need, clean eating, having a balanced diet, adhering to halal food, and avoiding forbidden foods are the most important attitudinal and habitual strategies related to food safety. In addition, human dignity is one of the most important outcomes of adhering to Islamic food safety strategies. Conclusion: Since in revelatory doctrines, a healthy diet involves physical, mental, spiritual and social aspects of human life, it is essential that health policy makers consider the Islamic nutritional approach to achieve a true universal health. For downloading the full-text of this article please click here. Please cite this article as: Biglari H, Dargahi A, Vaziri Y, Ivanbagh R, Hami M, Poursadeqiyan M. Food Safety and Health from the Perspective of Islam. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020;6(1):131-143.https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v6i1.19142
    Keywords food health ; food safety ; nutrition in islam ; nutrition in the quran ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999 ; Philosophy. Psychology. Religion ; B ; Religion (General) ; BL1-50
    Subject code 290
    Language Persian
    Publishing date 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Pathogenesis Traits and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Escherichia coli Isolates Recovered From Sewage

    Behnaz Naraghi / Mojtaba Afsharnia / Jalal Mardaneh / Mojtaba Kianmehr / Hamed Biglari / Javad Bazeli / Mojtaba Anvarinejad

    Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences, Vol 7, Iss 4, Pp 488-

    2020  Volume 496

    Abstract: Objectives: Escherichia coli is one of the most potential agents of community and hospital-acquired infections, which can readily acquire non-susceptibility to drugs administered to animals and humans. E. coli, which has been broadly applied as an ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Escherichia coli is one of the most potential agents of community and hospital-acquired infections, which can readily acquire non-susceptibility to drugs administered to animals and humans. E. coli, which has been broadly applied as an indicator of fecal contamination in aquatic environments, is routinely conducted non-virulence. Nevertheless, some isolates can be virulence. The main objectives of this work were to survey antibiotic non-susceptibility and to characterize virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes including traT, fimH, blaCTX, and tetA among the E. coli isolates recovered from sewage in Gonabad, in the northeast of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 99 non-duplicate strains of E. coli was removed from three types of sewage including poultry (33 isolates), urban (33), and livestock slaughterhouse (33) sewages in Gonabad from May 2016 to April 2017. Then, the antimicrobial susceptibility test and extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) production were done based on CLSI guidelines, followed by performing the polymerase chain reaction technique to identify 2 virulence (traT and fimH) and 2 antibiotic resistance (blaCTX and tetA) genes. Results: Meropenem was the most effective drug against the strains. The analysis of multiple drug non-susceptibility profiles in the strains showed that 39 (39.3%) strains were TR-NAR and three (3.03%) of them were resistant to colistin. Totally, 21 (21.2%) strains were ESBL-positive and 15 (71.42%) ESBL+ isolates carried blaCTX gene whereas 87.9% and 100% of the strains in the livestock slaughterhouse and urban sewages carried the tetA gene, respectively. Finally, 85.7% of ESBL-positive isolates carried the fimH gene. Overall, 19.8% of ESBL-positive strains carried fimH and traT virulence genes (fimH+-traT+ genotype). Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, wastewater and surface waters are considered as significant sources of E. coli carrying ESBL-genes, high levels of antibiotic non-susceptibility, and pathogenesis traits. Eventually, the identified colistin non-susceptible strains are quite worrying.
    Keywords escherichia coli ; sewage ; virulence ; antimicrobial resistance ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Aras Part Medical International Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Removal of Reactive Black 5 dye from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Activated Carbon of Grape Seed

    Mojtaba Afsharnia / Hamed Biglari / Allahbakhsh Javid / Fahimeh Zabihi

    Ulūm-i Bihdāshtī-i Īrān, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 0-

    2017  

    Abstract: Background and purpose: The control of environmental pollution especially the pollution of water resources is one of the main challenges of researchers throughout the world. So, this study aimed to investigate the efficiency of reactive black 5 dye ... ...

    Abstract Background and purpose: The control of environmental pollution especially the pollution of water resources is one of the main challenges of researchers throughout the world. So, this study aimed to investigate the efficiency of reactive black 5 dye removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto activated carbon of grape seed. Materials and Methods: At first, the grape seed adsorbents were prepared in three forms of raw, treated by concentrated phosphoric acid, and calcined at 400, 600, and 800 °C. Then, the efficiency of adsorbents to the removal of the Black 5 dye was studied in the concentrations of 100 to 700 mg/Lat pH 2- 10 and 1- 10 g/L of adsorbent during 120 min. The change of concentration was studied via the spectrophotometry procedure at the wavelength of 597 nm. Finally, the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm was determined. Results: The results showed that the dye removal efficiency decreased by increasing pH, and increased by raising the contact time and the amount of adsorbent. So, in this process, the highest percentage of Black 5 dye removal (83.08%) was obtained at pH 2 and t 120 min using the raw adsorbent, 200 mg/L initial concentration of dye, and 10 g/L of carbon. The process considerably followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm (R2 0.999). Conclusion: The grape seed was found to have the highest level of efficiency in dye removal, and according to the availability of adsorbent and its low price, this method could be used as an applicable procedure for the removal of Black 5 dye from aqueous solutions.
    Keywords React Black 5 ; Dye Removal ; Grape seed ; Adsorption ; Activated carbon ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 660
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: The data of Escherichia coli strains genes in different types of wastewater

    Mojtaba Afsharnia / Behnaz Naraghi / Jalal Mardaneh / Mojtaba Kianmehr / Hamed Biglari

    Data in Brief, Vol 21, Iss , Pp 763-

    2018  Volume 766

    Abstract: From April 2016 to March 2017, a number of 99 isolates of Escherichia coli were collected from three types of wastewater including urban wastewater (33 isolates), livestock slaughterhouse wastewater (33 isolates) and poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (33 ...

    Abstract From April 2016 to March 2017, a number of 99 isolates of Escherichia coli were collected from three types of wastewater including urban wastewater (33 isolates), livestock slaughterhouse wastewater (33 isolates) and poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (33 isolate). The specimens were cultured on microbiological media. The bacterial identification was performed by morphological and biochemical tests. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was carried out to detect 2 virulence genes (traT, and fimH) and 4 antibiotic resistance genes (bla TEM, CTX, SHV, and tetA). The data showed that the prevalence rate of traT, fimH,blaCTX, blaTEM,blaSHV, tetA genes were 89.9%, 91.9%, 79.8%, 40.4%, 6.1%, and 91.9%, respectively. Keywords: Escherichia coli, Wastewater, Virulence genes, Resistance genes, Antibiotic resistance
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Performance Evaluation of Electrochemical Process using Iron and Aluminum Electrodes in Phenol Removal from Synthetic Aqueous Environment

    Hamed Biglari / Edris Bazrafshan

    سلامت و محیط, Vol 5, Iss 4, Pp 445-

    2013  Volume 456

    Abstract: Background and Objectives: Phenol is one of the most important organic chemicals presenting in water and other environments. It not only brings about hygienic problems but also results in forming 11 toxic priority pollutants in aqueous environments. ... ...

    Abstract Background and Objectives: Phenol is one of the most important organic chemicals presenting in water and other environments. It not only brings about hygienic problems but also results in forming 11 toxic priority pollutants in aqueous environments. Hence, the performance of electrocoagulation process using iron and aluminum sacrificial anodes was investigated for removal of phenol.Materials and Methods: We used a glass tank in 1.56 L volume (effective volume 1 L) equipped with four iron and aluminum plate electrodes to do experiments (bipolar mode). The tank was filled with synthetic wastewater containing phenol in concentration of 5, 20, 40, and 70 mg/l and to follow the progress of the treatment, each sample was taken at 20 min intervals for up to 80 min. The percent of phenol removal was measured at pH 3, 5, 7, and 9; electrical potential range of 20, 40, and 60 volts; and electrical conductivity of 1000, 1500, 2000, and 3000 µs/cm. Results: It was found that the most effective removal capacities of phenol (95 and 98 %) could be achieved when the pH was kept 7 and 5 for iron and aluminum electrodes, reaction time 80 min, electrical conductivity 3000 µs/cm, initial concentration of phenol 5 mg/l, and electrical potential in the range of 20-60 V. Conclusion: The method was found to be highly efficient and relatively fast compared with existing conventional techniques and also it can be concluded that the electrochemical process has the potential to be utilized for the cost-effective removal of phenol from water and wastewater.
    Keywords Electrochemical ; Electrocoagulation ; Phenol ; Iron and Aluminum Electrodes ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 660 ; 500
    Language Persian
    Publishing date 2013-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Direct Blue 71 Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption on Pistachio Hull Waste

    Hamed Biglari / Nasibeh Javan / Rasoul Khosravi / Amin Zarei

    علوم بهداشتی ایران, Vol 4, Iss 2, Pp 55-

    Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies

    2016  Volume 70

    Abstract: Background and Purpose: Azo dyes including Direct Blue 71 (DB71) are toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic contaminants in effluents of industries. This study aimed to investigate the adsorption of DB71 from aqueous solution onto pistachio hull waste (PHW) ... ...

    Abstract Background and Purpose: Azo dyes including Direct Blue 71 (DB71) are toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic contaminants in effluents of industries. This study aimed to investigate the adsorption of DB71 from aqueous solution onto pistachio hull waste (PHW) as a low-cost adsorbent. Materials and Methods: A series of experiments were performed via batch adsorption technique to examine the effect of the process variables such as contact time 0-210 minutes, initial dye concentration 10-100 mg/l, pH 2-12, adsorbent 0.05-1 g/l, and the processing temperature of 25, 40, and 50° C. The concentration changes of DB71 were measured using the colorimetric method by the spectrophotometer T80 ultraviolet/visible at the 587 nm wavelength. Moreover, The PHW was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm model, pHpzc and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis. Results: Maximum adsorption capacity was 90.48 mg DB71 per 1 g adsorbent at pH 2, DB71 100 mg/l, temperature 50° C, and time 210 minutes. In general, by increasing the adsorbent dosage, time, and processing temperature, the removal efficiency was increased; however, incrementing pH and dye concentration had a reverse effect. Maximum BET specific surface and total pore volume on the adsorbent were 1.04 m2/g and 0.0002 cm3/g, respectively. The Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.9912) model fits the equilibrium data better than the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.9024) model. The adsorption kinetic was found to be well described by the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process is a spontaneous and endothermic process. Conclusion: PHW can be used well as a low-cost surface adsorbent in the treatment of DB71 from aquatic environments.
    Keywords Direct Blue 71 ; Adsorption ; Pistachio Hull ; Aqueous ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 541
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Formation of disinfection by-products and fungal contamination data in public swimming pools

    Abbasali Karimi / Majid Radfard / Ali Naghizadeh / Hamed Biglari / Vida Alvani / Mokhtar Mahdavi / Alireza Mohammadzadeh

    Data in Brief, Vol 22, Iss , Pp 326-

    A case study in Gonabad, Iran

    2019  Volume 331

    Abstract: Existence of fungi and disinfection by-products (DBPs) in public swimming pools water are dangerous since it can seriously affect on health of swimmers. This data study aimed to determine the fungi contamination and DBPs concentration including ... ...

    Abstract Existence of fungi and disinfection by-products (DBPs) in public swimming pools water are dangerous since it can seriously affect on health of swimmers. This data study aimed to determine the fungi contamination and DBPs concentration including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), halamines and cyanogen halides and haloacetonitriles (HANs) of swimming pools (chlorine based) in Gonabad County, Iran. So, the fungal load and DBPs concentration were investigated in two swimming pools in the middle of spring of 2017 by collecting a number of 9 water samples and 9 samples of lateral facilities of each pool by membrane filtration technique and sterile carpet. The DBPs concentrations were measured by gas chromatograph technique. The results showed that the pools were contaminated with Dermatophyte (trichophyton mentagrophytes and epidermophyton flucosomes), yeasts, and more with opportunistic saprophytic fungi. 24.8%, 22.7%, 16.9%, and 11.4% saprophytic fungi were separated from pool side, locker room, pool water, and shower positions, respectively. 7.4% and 3.2% of yeast fungi as well as 0.23% and 0.2% of dentofacies of causative agents of tinea were separated from the pools water and showers as well as locker room and shower positions, respectively. According to the data, halamines and cyanogen halides had the highest concentrations, followed by HAAs, THMs and HANs respectively. Among the halamines and cyanogen halides, HAAs, THMs and HANs, trichloramine acid was the most dominant species, followed by trichloroacetic acid and dichloramine, respectively. Keywords: Swimming pools, Disinfection, Fungi contamination, DBPs, HAAs, THMs, HANs
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Data for factor analysis of hydro-geochemical characteristics of groundwater resources in Iranshahr

    Hamed Biglari / Mehdi Saeidi / Kamaleddin Karimyan / Mohammad Reza Narooie / Hooshmand Sharafi

    Data in Brief, Vol 19, Iss , Pp 548-

    2018  Volume 563

    Abstract: Detection of Hydrogeological and Hydro-geochemical changes affecting the quality of aquifer water is very important. The aim of this study was to determine the factor analysis of the hydro-geochemical characteristics of Iranshahr underground water ... ...

    Abstract Detection of Hydrogeological and Hydro-geochemical changes affecting the quality of aquifer water is very important. The aim of this study was to determine the factor analysis of the hydro-geochemical characteristics of Iranshahr underground water resources during the warm and cool seasons. In this study, 248 samples (two-time repetitions) of ground water resources were provided at first by cluster-random sampling method during 2017 in the villages of Iranshahr city. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, concentrations of 13 important chemical parameters in those samples were determined according to o water and wastewater standard methods. The results of this study indicated that 45.45% and 55.55% of the correlation between parameters has had a significant decrease and increase, respectively with the transition from warm seasons to cold seasons. According to the factor analysis method, three factors of land hydro-geochemical processes, supplying resources by surface water and sewage as well as human activities have been identified as influential on the chemical composition of these resources.The highest growth rate of 0.37 was observed between phosphate and nitrate ions while the lowest trend of − 0.33 was seen between fluoride ion and calcium as well as chloride ions. Also, a significant increase in the correlation between magnesium ion and nitrate ion from warm seasons to cold seasons indicates the high seasonal impact of the relation between these two parameters. Keywords: Hydro-geochemistry, Factor analysis, Correlation matrix, Groundwater resources, Iranshahr
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Removal of Reactive Black 5 dye from aqueous solutions by coupled electrocoagulation and bio-adsorbent process

    Behnaz Naraghi / Mohammad Mehdi Baneshi / Reza Amiri / Amin Dorost / Hamed Biglari

    Electronic Physician, Vol 10, Iss 7, Pp 7086-

    2018  Volume 7094

    Abstract: Background: Textile wastewater contains a significant amount of bio dye compounds including Reactive Black 5 (RB5) as an Azo dye that causes serious damage to the environment and aquatic life in receiving water resources. It is estimated that ... ...

    Abstract Background: Textile wastewater contains a significant amount of bio dye compounds including Reactive Black 5 (RB5) as an Azo dye that causes serious damage to the environment and aquatic life in receiving water resources. It is estimated that approximately 15% of the dyestuff is discharged into water bodies and 50% of those are Azo dyes. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of combining electrocoagulation and bio- adsorption methods using the active carbons from Kenya tea waste to remove RB5 from aquatic solutions. Methods: Experiments were done in wastewater and the Wastewater laboratory of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences in 2017. Initially, iron electrodes were installed in a 1 L glass container and connected to electrical power with primary dye concentration of 500 mg/l, EC 1000-3000 µs/cm, adsorbent dosage of 0.2-1.0 mg/l, pH 2-9 and electrical potential 30 V. After that, the samples were collected at twenty-minute intervals until the eightieth minute. Performance of dye removal was measured using spectrophotometer techniques (597 nm). Finally, the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using Microsoft Excel 2017 version. Results: The findings of this study demonstrated that the highest simultaneous removal performance (96%) was obtained by pH 6, 80-minute reaction time, and EC 3000 µs/cm. With the increasing of reaction time, the energy consumption, electrodes wear, pH, final temperature of effluent, and removal efficiency would increase. Adsorption process could play a small role in the removal of the dye, while it was very effective in improving the performance of the electrocoagulation process. Conclusion: A combination of the electrocoagulation and adsorption processes can be adopted as an efficient and economical way to treat effluents contaminated with dyestuff.
    Keywords Reactive Black 5 ; Electrocoagulation ; Bio-adsorbent ; Aqueous solutions ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 660
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Electronic Physician
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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