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Article: Sleep Pattern Changes in Patients Who Are Scheduled for Cardiac Surgery.

Ahmed, Syed Shabbir / Hamid, Mohammad / Yousuf, Muhammad S / Tahir, Saqiba

2023 Volume 15, Issue 11, Page(s) e48543

Abstract: Introduction Surgery patients frequently experience sleep deprivation, which is regarded as a stress factor during the perioperative period and can cause physical discomfort, exhaustion, and even postoperative pain. There is a dearth of information on ... ...

Abstract	Introduction Surgery patients frequently experience sleep deprivation, which is regarded as a stress factor during the perioperative period and can cause physical discomfort, exhaustion, and even postoperative pain. There is a dearth of information on preoperative sleep habits and the consequences that may result. There are both subjective and objective ways to rate the quality of your sleep. We chose the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which employs a questionnaire to provide crucial information on issues like sleep length, efficiency, and interruption. Lower sleep quality is correlated with higher PSQI scores. Study objective Our study aimed to assess the changes in the sleep pattern of cardiac disease patients before cardiac surgery and compare these changes with baseline sleep patterns. Methods This prospective survey was carried out after ethical review committee approval at the Department of Anesthesia, Aga Khan University Hospital. Consent was obtained from all patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed. All patients aged 25 to 65 who came from home for elective cardiac surgery under general anesthesia were included. At the same time, patient demographics were noted. Additionally, a printed PSQI questionnaire was distributed to each participant. The native Urdu language was also translated into this questionnaire. The patient was given an explanation of this form by a medical professional. This questionnaire was filled out by the patients on the surgical floor or preoperative area before premedication. The PSQI questionnaire was used to assess baseline sleeping patterns, and then the same questions were asked about the period between decisions for the date of surgery and the time of admission for surgery. Results A total of 83 patients participated in the study. The mean age of the patient was 57 (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.48543
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Frequency and prognostic influence of ASXL1 mutations and its potential association with BCR-ABL1 transcript type and smoke in chronic myeloid leukemia patients.

Rafiq Mohammed, Aras / Assad, Dlnya / Rostami, Golale / Hamid, Mohammad

Gene

2023 Volume 886, Page(s) 147776

Abstract: Background: Heterogeneous response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and progress to advance phases, still is a significant clinical problem. These are attributed to additional mutations in mutated non-ABL1 genes. we aimed to determine prognostic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Heterogeneous response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and progress to advance phases, still is a significant clinical problem. These are attributed to additional mutations in mutated non-ABL1 genes. we aimed to determine prognostic effects of ASXL1 mutations as a biomarker for diverse treatment response and disease progression to aid clinical management. Methods: We performed ASXL1 gene mutational screening in 80 Ph Results: overall, four type mutations were identified in 11.25% of the patients. There was significant difference regarding mutation frequency between chronic and advance phases (P = 0.0002), sokal risk score (P = 0.0001), smoking (P = 0.02) and mean of during time of imatinib treatment (P = 0.009) between patients with and without ASXL1 mutations. ASXL1 mutations frequency had a bias toward younger than older and women than men, but no significant (P > 0.05). ASXL1 mutations were found more recurrently in patients carrying ABL1 KD mutations (P = 0.003). The risk of increasing resistance and disease progression in patients with ASXL1 mutations was 32 and 63 fold higher than those without mutations respectively (P = 0.01; P = 0.0002). The risk of ASXL1 mutations presence in patients with b2a2 transcript type was much higher than b3a2 type (P = 0.02, OR = 10). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that ASXL1 mutations may be favorable predictive biomarkers to determine the best TKI for each patient, and to prevent CML progression.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Prognosis ; Smoke ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; Mutation ; Disease Progression ; Repressor Proteins/genetics
Chemical Substances	Smoke ; ASXL1 protein, human ; Repressor Proteins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-07
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	391792-7
ISSN	1879-0038 ; 0378-1119
ISSN (online)	1879-0038
ISSN	0378-1119
DOI	10.1016/j.gene.2023.147776
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Zs.A 1357: Show issues

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Article: Influence of Preoperative Anxiety Level on Postoperative Pain After Cardiac Surgery.

Kashif, Muhammad / Hamid, Mohammad / Raza, Amir

Cureus

2022 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) e22170

Abstract: Background Preoperative anxiety is generally neglected in the evaluation of cardiac surgery patients due to various reasons including insufficient literature and lack of simple assessment tools. In addition to this, the association between anxiety and ... ...

Abstract	Background Preoperative anxiety is generally neglected in the evaluation of cardiac surgery patients due to various reasons including insufficient literature and lack of simple assessment tools. In addition to this, the association between anxiety and postoperative complications including pain has been scarcely studied. The present study was designed to assess preoperative anxiety levels in all patients coming for cardiac surgery and then evaluate the effect of different levels of anxiety on postoperative pain scores. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted in a single university hospital from March 2018 to December 2019. One hundred consecutive cardiac surgery patients between the ages of 18-65 years were enrolled in this study. The level of preoperative anxiety (assessed by State Anxiety Inventory) and its effect on postoperative pain and morphine consumption was assessed. Results The average age of the patients was 58.24±10.03 years of which 68% were male and 32% were female. Preoperative mild anxiety was observed in 64% of patients and moderate to severe anxiety in 36% of patients. Post-operative mean pain score was significantly high in the moderate to severe anxiety group as compared to the mild anxiety group [Mean pain difference =1.64 (95%CI: 1.38-1.89) p=0.0005], [Mean pain difference =0.51 (95%CI: 0.29-0.73) p=0.0005] at 12 hours and 24 hours respectively. Intraoperative and postoperative morphine consumption was significantly high in patients with moderate to severe anxiety. Conclusions Patients with moderate to severe anxiety before cardiac surgery experienced higher pain scores at a post-operative period which is significantly different from the mild anxiety group. Intraoperative and postoperative analgesic requirements were also significantly increased.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.22170
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Article ; Online: The Use of Lumbar Drain for Spinal Cord Protection in a Thoraco Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgery.

Rashid, Saima / Hamid, Mohammad / Malick, Sameer Ahmed

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP

2022 Volume 32, Issue 8, Page(s) S195–S196

Abstract: Thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair is a complicated and challenging surgery with high chances of unpredictable post-operative outcomes. This is a case of a 56-year man electively admitted for De Bakey type III TAAA repair. The case was done ... ...

Abstract	Thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair is a complicated and challenging surgery with high chances of unpredictable post-operative outcomes. This is a case of a 56-year man electively admitted for De Bakey type III TAAA repair. The case was done with the one-lung ventilation (OLV) technique by using a bronchial blocker. The other unique thing which was done in this case was the use of a lumbar drain for spinal cord protection. The patient had a prolonged hospital stay but ultimately recovered and was discharged home after two and a half months. Key Words: Lumber drain, Spinal cord injury, Aortic aneurysm surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; Drainage ; Humans ; Male ; Spinal Cord ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Surgical Procedures
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-09
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2276646-7
ISSN	1681-7168 ; 1022-386X
ISSN (online)	1681-7168
ISSN	1022-386X
DOI	10.29271/jcpsp.2022.Supp2.S195
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Article ; Online: Association of ABCB1, ABCG2 drug transporter polymorphisms and smoking with disease risk and cytogenetic response to imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia patients.

Mohammadi, Fatemeh / Rostami, Golale / Hamid, Mohammad / Shafiei, Mohammad / Azizi, Masoumeh / Bahmani, Hasan

Leukemia research

2023 Volume 126, Page(s) 107021

Abstract: Background: Despite acceptable results of imatinib in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), some patients fail to acquire a complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), which may be caused by polymorphisms in the pharmacogenetic genes. The study ... ...

Abstract	Background: Despite acceptable results of imatinib in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), some patients fail to acquire a complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), which may be caused by polymorphisms in the pharmacogenetic genes. The study aimed to evaluate the association of two polymorphisms in the ABCB1 and ABCG2 genes with cytogenetic response to imatinib and the risk of CML development. Methods: We genotyped ABCB1 (c .2677G/T/A) and ABCG2 (c .421C/A) polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP, T-ARMS-PCR methods in 111 patients with CML and 102 sex- and age-matched healthy subjects. CCyR was determined by standard chromosome banding analysis (CBA). Results: Analysis of polymorphisms showed significant association of ABCG2 c.421CA genotype (p < 0.0001; OR = 0. 17), and ABCG2c.421A allele (p < 0.0001; OR = 0.31) with decreased risk of CML. Moreover, ABCB1c.2677GT- ABCG2c.421CC combined genotype (p = 0.017; OR = 4.20) was associated with increased risk of CML. Analysis of the joint effect of SNP-smoking combination showed that smoker subjects with the ABCB1c.2677GG/GT (p = 0.001; OR = 15.96, p = 0.001; OR = 8.13, respectively) or ABCG2c.421CC genotypes (p = 0.001; OR = 5.82) had the increased risk of CML, while the risk of the CML in non-smokers carrying the ABCG2c.421CA (p < 0.0001; OR = 0. 18) genotype was strongly decreased compared with reference group. Regarding drug response, ABCG2c.421 CC/CA genotypes in the smoker patients were associated with an increased risk of resistance to imatinib (p < 0.0001; OR = 7.02, p = 0.018; OR = 4.67, respectively). Conclusion: Our results suggest the impact of ABCG2c .421C/A polymorphism on CML development, and smoking may have a synergistic role in the risk of CML and resistance to imatinib.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Treatment Outcome ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy ; Genotype ; Smoking ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
Chemical Substances	Imatinib Mesylate (8A1O1M485B) ; Antineoplastic Agents ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2 ; ABCG2 protein, human ; Neoplasm Proteins ; ABCB1 protein, human ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-21
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	752396-8
ISSN	1873-5835 ; 0145-2126
ISSN (online)	1873-5835
ISSN	0145-2126
DOI	10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107021
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Zs.A 1321: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Multiplex Snapshot minisequencing for the detection of common PAH gene mutations in Iranian patients with Phenylketonuria

Namdar Aligoodarzi, Pegah / Rostami, Golale / Kazemi Nezhad, Seyed Reza / Hamid, Mohammad

Iranian biomedical journal

2023 Volume 27, Issue 1, Page(s) 46–57

Abstract: Background: Phenylketonuria is a common inborn defect of amino acid metabolism in the world. This failure is caused by an autosomal recessive insufficiency of the hepatic enzyme hyperphenylalaninemia (PAH), which catalyzes the irreversible hydroxylation ...

Abstract	Background: Phenylketonuria is a common inborn defect of amino acid metabolism in the world. This failure is caused by an autosomal recessive insufficiency of the hepatic enzyme hyperphenylalaninemia (PAH), which catalyzes the irreversible hydroxylation of phenylalanine to tyrosine. More than 1,040 different disease-causing mutations have already been identified in the PAH gene. The most prominent complication of Phenylketonuria, if not diagnosed and treated, is severe mental retardation. Hence, early diagnosis and initiation of nutritional therapy are the most significant measures in preventing this mental disorder. Given these data, we developed a simple and rapid molecular test to detect the most frequent PAH mutations. Methods: Multiplex assay was developed based on the SNaPshot minisequencing approach to simultaneously perform genotyping of the 10 mutations at the PAH gene. We optimized detection of these mutations in one multiplex PCR, followed by 10 single-nucleotide extension reactions. DNA sequencing assay was also used to verify genotyping results obtained by SNaPshot minisequencing. Result: All 10 genotypes were determined based on the position and the fluorescent color of the peaks in a single electropherogram. Sequencing results of these frequent mutations showed that by using this method, a 100% detection rate could be achieved in the Iranian population. Conclusion: SNaPshot minisequencing can be useful as a secondary test in neonatal screening for HPA in neonates with a positive screening test, and it is also suitable for carrier screening. The assay can be easily applied for accurate and time- and cost-efficient genotyping of the selected SNPs in various population.
MeSH term(s)	Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Iran ; Phenylalanine Hydroxylase/genetics ; Phenylketonurias/diagnosis ; Phenylketonurias/genetics ; Mutation/genetics ; Genotype
Chemical Substances	Phenylalanine Hydroxylase (EC 1.14.16.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2489282-8
ISSN	2008-823X ; 1028-852X
ISSN (online)	2008-823X
ISSN	1028-852X
DOI	10.52547/ibj.3856
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Article: Comparison of perioperative analgesia between intravenous paracetamol and fentanyl for rigid hysteroscopy: A randomised control trial.

Kumar, Dileep / Kumar, Kamal / Hamid, Mohammad

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2021 Volume 71, Issue 8, Page(s) 1980–1983

Abstract: Objective: To compare efficacy of intravenous paracetamol and fentanyl for intra-operative and post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing rigid hysteroscopy.: Method: The prospective randomised control trial was conducted at Aga Khan University ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To compare efficacy of intravenous paracetamol and fentanyl for intra-operative and post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing rigid hysteroscopy. Method: The prospective randomised control trial was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from October 2016 to June 2017, and comprised patients aged 18-65 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I or II undergoing hysteroscopy who were randomised into paracetamol group P and fentanyl group F. Anaesthesia induction technique was standardised and analgesia in group P was paracetamol 15mg/Kg administered 15-30 minutes pre-surgery, and in group F, it was fentanyl 2mcg/kg administered at induction of anaesthesia. Intra-operative pain was assessed by changes in heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure, and post-operative pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 19. Results: Of the 60 patients, there were 30(50%) in each of the two groups. Baseline parameters were similar in the groups except for age differences (p<0.011). In group P, mean systolic blood pressure at 10,15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes, mean diastolic blood pressure at 20, 25 minutes, and mean arterial blood pressure at 20 minutes were statistically significant (p<0.05) compared to group F. The mean heart rate was not significant between the groups (p>0.05). Post-operative pain scores were similar at 0, 15 and 30 minutes (p>0.05). Rescue analgesia was needed in 3(10%) patients in each group on arrival in the recovery room. Conclusions: Intravenous paracetamol offered analgesic efficacy similar to fentanyl for rigid hysteroscopy in ambulatory surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Acetaminophen ; Analgesia ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Hysteroscopy ; Pregnancy ; Prospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Acetaminophen (362O9ITL9D) ; Fentanyl (UF599785JZ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-21
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA.02-250
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Article: Quality assurance audit in adult cardiac anaesthesia.

Ahmed, Syed Shabbir / Hamid, Mohammad / Junejo, Faisal

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

2021 Volume 71, Issue 2(B), Page(s) 704–707

Abstract: Objective: To assess different anaesthesia-related quality indicators during adult cardiac surgery.: Methods: The prospective clinical audit was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from October 2016 to March 2017, and comprised ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To assess different anaesthesia-related quality indicators during adult cardiac surgery. Methods: The prospective clinical audit was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from October 2016 to March 2017, and comprised all adult patients scheduled for cardiac surgery. Different anaesthesia-related quality indicators were observed during the pre-induction phase, before the cardiopulmonary bypass, during the procedure, and post-surgery till the transfer from the operating room to the cardiac intensive care unit. Data was analysed using SPSS 19. Results: Of the 264 patients, 217(82.2%) had complete record; 160(73.7%) males and 57(26.3%) females. The overall mean age was 56.56±12.46 years. In the pre-induction phase, difficult intravenous and invasive line access was seen in 42(19.3%) patients. Inappropriate information in the preoperative form was found in 6(2.8%) patients, and preoperative drugs for anxiolysis were used in 145(66.8%) patients. Haemodynamic issues were significant during the surgery in 15(6.9%) patients. In the post-surgery period, abnormal activated clotting time was found in 17(7.8%) patients, while monitoring problems were faced in 7(3.2%) cases during transfer to cardiac intensive care unit. Conclusions: It will help to develop quality improvement policies to enhance patient safety, satisfaction and better outcome.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Cardiac Procedures ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-03
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603873-6
ISSN	0030-9982
ISSN	0030-9982
DOI	10.47391/JPMA.051
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Article ; Online: The Feasibility Study of Using the C-130 Aircraft to Standoff Jamming the Mission Electronic Warfare Airborne

hamid heydari / hamid Mohammad Hussein / davod azar

علوم و فنون نظامی, Vol 15, Iss 48, Pp 71-

2019 Volume 97

Abstract: The Aircraft Cargos Heavy C-130 in the Army Air Force Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran, As one of the most effective support battle aircraft in the world (especially during the Holy Defense years), has played a significant role in the ... ...

Abstract	The Aircraft Cargos Heavy C-130 in the Army Air Force Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran, As one of the most effective support battle aircraft in the world (especially during the Holy Defense years), has played a significant role in the missions provided to this force. The present research is related to an Electronic Warfare Airborne to Standoff Jamming mission, And its main purpose:" The Feasibility Study of Using the C-130 Aircraft to Standoff Jamming the Mission Electronic Warfare Airborne." Is considered; And The main question raised in this research is:"Is it possible to use the C-130 to Aircraft to Standoff Jamming an electronic warfare Airborne mission?" In this research, a population of about 120 people was selected using the Cochran formula in a sample population of 48 people. Also, for gathering information, tools such as interviews, questionnaires and study documents have been used, Also, the validity of questionnaires Visited by prominent scholars And reliability of questionnaires Using Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.824. Eventually, Findings with a mixed approach Using descriptive and inferential statistics, Has been analyzed And the results are: " Due to Airborne threats And new technological approaches to weapons And smart guidance systems, The need to pay attention to Electronic Warfare Airborne With all its components and indicators; That is, electronic support, Electronic attack And tactical electronic protection of the aircraft Is applicable And applying it To strengthen and Development of martial power As air force operational And other parts of the AJA, Is serious.
Keywords	keywords: airborne electronic warfare ; standoff jamming ; electronic support ; electronic attack ; electronic protection ; Military Science ; U
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	AJA Command and Staff University
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Sleeping pattern before thoracic surgery

Hamid Mohammad / Akhtar Irfan Mohammad / Ahmed Saba

Heliyon, Vol 5, Iss 3, Pp e01318- (2019)

A comparison of baseline and night before surgery

2019

Abstract: Background: Sleep deprivation is considered a stress factor in the perioperative period. There are several studies on sleep disturbance after surgery but very limited literature available on preoperative sleep patterns, predictors of sleep disturbance ... ...

Abstract	Background: Sleep deprivation is considered a stress factor in the perioperative period. There are several studies on sleep disturbance after surgery but very limited literature available on preoperative sleep patterns, predictors of sleep disturbance and its effect on surgical outcome. Methodology: Patients scheduled for thoracic surgery were asked to fill out a written Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. The primary investigator explained this form to all the patients. This was filled out before premedication for subjective assessment of sleeping pattern at two different time point. Only those patients included who spent the previous night at home. Participants were asked to respond to the questions regarding their baseline sleeping pattern and compare it with last night. Results: Total eighty-three patients with a mean age of 47.83 ± 17.88 were included in the study. Overall mean PSQI scores were significantly higher (p-value < 0.01) during the night before surgery (6.94 ± 2.115) when compared with baseline (3.88 ± 1.877). Sleep latency was also significantly affected when last night-1 (the night before admission) was compared with usual sleep latency. Twenty patients were unable to sleep more than 5 hrs at night before admission which was significant when compared with their last month status (20 vs 3). Logistic regression model demonstrated the age and Timing of surgery as a strong predictors of poor sleep (defined as PSQI ≥ 5). Conclusion: Quality of sleep was profoundly affected at night before thoracic surgery, mainly due to a significant change in sleep latency and sleep duration. Although age and Timing of surgery were strong predictors of poor sleep we were unable to find any association between quality of sleep and type of surgery.
Keywords	Surgery ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
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