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  1. Article ; Online: Standardizing Brain Cancer Reporting.

    Glatzel, Markus / Hamilton, Ronald L

    Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

    2019  Volume 29, Issue 4, Page(s) 465

    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1051484-3
    ISSN 1750-3639 ; 1015-6305
    ISSN (online) 1750-3639
    ISSN 1015-6305
    DOI 10.1111/bpa.12727
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: GABA bouton subpopulations in the human dentate gyrus are differentially altered in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

    Alhourani, Ahmad / Fish, Kenneth N / Wozny, Thomas A / Sudhakar, Vivek / Hamilton, Ronald L / Richardson, R Mark

    Journal of neurophysiology

    2019  Volume 123, Issue 1, Page(s) 392–406

    Abstract: Medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy is a devastating disease, for which surgical removal of the seizure onset zone is the only known cure. Multiple studies have found evidence of abnormal dentate gyrus network circuitry in human mesial temporal ... ...

    Abstract Medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy is a devastating disease, for which surgical removal of the seizure onset zone is the only known cure. Multiple studies have found evidence of abnormal dentate gyrus network circuitry in human mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Principal neurons within the dentate gyrus gate entorhinal input into the hippocampus, providing a critical step in information processing. Crucial to that role are GABA-expressing neurons, particularly parvalbumin (PV)-expressing basket cells (PVBCs) and chandelier cells (PVChCs), which provide strong, temporally coordinated inhibitory signals. Alterations in PVBC and PVChC boutons have been described in epilepsy, but the value of these studies has been limited due to methodological hurdles associated with studying human tissue. We developed a multilabel immunofluorescence confocal microscopy and a custom segmentation algorithm to quantitatively assess PVBC and PVChC bouton densities and to infer relative synaptic protein content in the human dentate gyrus. Using en bloc specimens from MTLE subjects with and without hippocampal sclerosis, paired with nonepileptic controls, we demonstrate the utility of this approach for detecting cell-type specific synaptic alterations. Specifically, we found increased density of PVBC boutons, while PVChC boutons decreased significantly in the dentate granule cell layer of subjects with hippocampal sclerosis compared with matched controls. In contrast, bouton densities for either PV-positive cell type did not differ between epileptic subjects without sclerosis and matched controls. These results may explain conflicting findings from previous studies that have reported both preserved and decreased PV bouton densities and establish a new standard for quantitative assessment of interneuron boutons in epilepsy.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Dentate Gyrus/cytology ; Drug Resistant Epilepsy/pathology ; Drug Resistant Epilepsy/surgery ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/pathology ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/surgery ; Female ; GABAergic Neurons/ultrastructure ; Humans ; Interneurons/ultrastructure ; Male ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Middle Aged ; Parvalbumins/metabolism ; Presynaptic Terminals/ultrastructure ; Sclerosis/pathology
    Chemical Substances Parvalbumins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80161-6
    ISSN 1522-1598 ; 0022-3077
    ISSN (online) 1522-1598
    ISSN 0022-3077
    DOI 10.1152/jn.00523.2018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Concomitant parasagittal meningioma and adjacent intracranial abscess of occult etiology.

    Chandra, Vyshak / Agarwal, Nitin / Zenonos, Georgios A / Zhang, Xiaoran / Hamilton, Ronald L / Gardner, Paul A

    Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia

    2019  Volume 72, Page(s) 474–480

    Abstract: Introduction: Abscesses associated with tumors are a rare entity. Imaging to differentiate abscess from other entities is often non-diagnostic, and often the source of infection is unknown. We present an unusual case of peritumoral abscess infected with ...

    Abstract Introduction: Abscesses associated with tumors are a rare entity. Imaging to differentiate abscess from other entities is often non-diagnostic, and often the source of infection is unknown. We present an unusual case of peritumoral abscess infected with both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.
    Methods: A 70-year-old, previously healthy male presented with a 1-day history of right-sided facial weakness sparing the forehead, as well as concomitant right upper and lower extremity numbness. A homogenously enhancing mass with adjacent rim-enhancing lesion with diffusion restricting cavity seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) raised the possibility of abscess.
    Results: Separate biopsy specimens of both the tumor and adjacent fluid collection during drainage of the collection confirmed World Health Organization (WHO) grade I meningioma and bacterial abscess containing Streptococcus constellatus, Fusobacterium species, Prevotella dentalis, and Parvimonas micra. The histologic diagnosis therefore confirmed the preoperative radiologic findings of two different but associated lesions. Investigations to determine a definitive source of infection were inconclusive, including urinalysis, blood cultures, respiratory cultures, endoscopy, and an orthopantomogram.
    Conclusions: Gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria can both be culprits in the formation of peritumoral abscess. Although the source of infection is unconfirmed, the presence of oropharyngeal flora in the abscess suggests a subclinical odontogenic infection with hematogenous spread to the tumor and adjacent brain.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Brain Abscess/complications ; Brain Abscess/diagnosis ; Brain Abscess/microbiology ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/complications ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/complications ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis ; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms/complications ; Meningeal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Meningioma/complications ; Meningioma/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-18
    Publishing country Scotland
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 1193674-5
    ISSN 1532-2653 ; 0967-5868
    ISSN (online) 1532-2653
    ISSN 0967-5868
    DOI 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.11.033
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: A 52-year-old male with visual changes.

    Atkinson, David M / Hamilton, Ronald L

    Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

    2012  Volume 22, Issue 4, Page(s) 575–578

    Abstract: A 52 year-old male with a history of Cushing's Disease at age 18 and bilateral adrenalectomy at age 23 presented with visual changes. An MRI scan showed a pituitary macroadenoma (Nelson's syndrome). Other than the development of diabetes mellitus at age ... ...

    Abstract A 52 year-old male with a history of Cushing's Disease at age 18 and bilateral adrenalectomy at age 23 presented with visual changes. An MRI scan showed a pituitary macroadenoma (Nelson's syndrome). Other than the development of diabetes mellitus at age 32, his disease was stable until presentation. Serum studies show markedly elevated ACTH levels, but he had no hyperpigmentation. The tumor was removed by endoscopic surgery. Microscopic examination showed a pituitary adenoma with strong immunostaining for ACTH. In addition, the tumor cells showed Crooke's hyaline change and stained strongly for cytokeratin (Crooke's Cell Adenoma). Normal pituitary was not present. Crooke's cell adenomas are extremely rare and have not been previously reported in Nelson's Syndrome.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nelson Syndrome/complications ; Nelson Syndrome/pathology ; Nelson Syndrome/surgery ; Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion/complications ; Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion/physiopathology ; Vision Disorders/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-06-14
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Case Reports ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 1051484-3
    ISSN 1750-3639 ; 1015-6305
    ISSN (online) 1750-3639
    ISSN 1015-6305
    DOI 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2012.00607.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Molecular diagnostics of gliomas.

    Nikiforova, Marina N / Hamilton, Ronald L

    Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine

    2011  Volume 135, Issue 5, Page(s) 558–568

    Abstract: Context: Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors of adults and include a variety of histologic types and morphologies. Histologic evaluation remains the gold standard for glioma diagnosis; however, diagnostic difficulty may arise from tumor ... ...

    Abstract Context: Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors of adults and include a variety of histologic types and morphologies. Histologic evaluation remains the gold standard for glioma diagnosis; however, diagnostic difficulty may arise from tumor heterogeneity, overlapping morphologic features, and tumor sampling. Recently, our knowledge about the genetics of these tumors has expanded, and new molecular markers have been developed. Some of these markers have shown diagnostic value, whereas others are useful prognosticators for patient survival and therapeutic response.
    Objective: To review the most clinically useful molecular markers and their detection techniques in gliomas.
    Data sources: Review of the pertinent literature and personal experience with the molecular testing in gliomas.
    Conclusions: This article provides an overview of the most common molecular markers in neurooncology, including 1p/19q codeletion in oligodendroglial tumors, mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 genes in diffuse gliomas, hypermethylation of the O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene promoter in glioblastomas and anaplastic gliomas, alterations in the epidermal growth factor receptor and phosphatase and tensin homolog genes in high-grade gliomas, as well as BRAF alterations in pilocytic astrocytomas. Molecular testing of gliomas is increasingly used in routine clinical practice and requires that neuropathologists be familiar with these genetic markers and the molecular diagnostic techniques for their detection.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Brain Neoplasms/genetics ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 ; Glioma/diagnosis ; Glioma/genetics ; Humans ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods ; Mutation ; Prognosis
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-02-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 194119-7
    ISSN 1543-2165 ; 0363-0153 ; 0096-8528 ; 0003-9985
    ISSN (online) 1543-2165
    ISSN 0363-0153 ; 0096-8528 ; 0003-9985
    DOI 10.1043/2010-0649-RAIR.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Clinical metric for differentiating intracranial hemangiopericytomas from meningiomas using diffusion weighted MRI.

    El-Ali, Alexander M / Agarwal, Vikas / Thomas, Andrew / Hamilton, Ronald L / Filippi, Christopher G

    Clinical imaging

    2018  Volume 54, Page(s) 1–5

    Abstract: Purpose: Intracranial Hemangiopericytomas (IHP) are dural based tumors that frequently recur/metastasize. Unfortunately, their imaging appearance overlaps significantly with more benign meningiomas. We evaluated the use of diffusion weighted imaging ( ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Intracranial Hemangiopericytomas (IHP) are dural based tumors that frequently recur/metastasize. Unfortunately, their imaging appearance overlaps significantly with more benign meningiomas. We evaluated the use of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) to differentiate IHP from meningioma.
    Methods: We compared MRI of IHP tumors (WHO Grades II/III) (n = 20) to meningioma (n = 48, WHO Grade I/II).
    Findings: ADC values differed between IHP (1.05 × 10-3 mm2/s) and meningiomas (0.89 × 10-3 mm2/s) (p = 0.05). Normalized ADC ratios (nADC), differed between IHP and meningiomas (1.30 vs 1.07, p = 0.03).
    Conclusion: Importantly, a nADC cutoff of >1.3 was specific (96%) but not sensitive (35%) for identifying IHP.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Female ; Hemangiopericytoma/diagnosis ; Hemangiopericytoma/diagnostic imaging ; Hemangiopericytoma/pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Meningeal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Meningeal Neoplasms/pathology ; Meningioma/diagnosis ; Meningioma/diagnostic imaging ; Meningioma/pathology ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1028123-x
    ISSN 1873-4499 ; 0899-7071
    ISSN (online) 1873-4499
    ISSN 0899-7071
    DOI 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.10.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Glioblastomas with copy number gains in EGFR and RNF139 show increased expressions of carbonic anhydrase genes transformed by ENO1.

    Beckner, Marie E / Pollack, Ian F / Nordberg, Mary L / Hamilton, Ronald L

    BBA clinical

    2015  Volume 5, Page(s) 1–15

    Abstract: Background: Prominence of glycolysis in glioblastomas may be non-specific or a feature of oncogene-related subgroups (i.e. amplified EGFR, etc.). Relationships between amplified oncogenes and expressions of metabolic genes associated with glycolysis, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Prominence of glycolysis in glioblastomas may be non-specific or a feature of oncogene-related subgroups (i.e. amplified EGFR, etc.). Relationships between amplified oncogenes and expressions of metabolic genes associated with glycolysis, directly or indirectly via pH, were therefore investigated.
    Methods: Using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, copy numbers (CN) of 78 oncogenes were quantified in 24 glioblastomas. Related expressions of metabolic genes encoding lactate dehydrogenases (LDHA, LDHC), carbonic anhydrases (CA3, CA12), monocarboxylate transporters (SLC16A3 or MCT4, SLC16A4 or MCT5), ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), glycogen synthase1 (GYS1), hypoxia inducible factor-1A (HIF1A), and enolase1 (ENO1) were determined in 22 by RT-qPCR. To obtain supra-glycolytic levels and adjust for heterogeneity, concurrent ENO1 expression was used to mathematically transform the expression levels of metabolic genes already normalized with delta-delta crossing threshold methodology.
    Results: Positive correlations with EGFR occurred for all metabolic genes. Significant differences (Wilcoxon Rank Sum) for oncogene CN gains in tumors of at least 2.00-fold versus less than 2.00-fold occurred for EGFR with CA3's expression (p < 0.03) and for RNF139 with CA12 (p < 0.004). Increased CN of XIAP associated negatively. Tumors with less than 2.00-fold CN gains differed from those with gains for XIAP with CA12 (p < 0.05). Male gender associated with CA12 (p < 0.05).
    Conclusions: Glioblastomas with CN increases in EGFR had elevated CA3 expression. Similarly, tumors with RNF149 CN gains had elevated CA12 expression.
    General significance: In larger studies, subgroups of glioblastomas may emerge according to oncogene-related effects on glycolysis, such as control of pH via effects on carbonic anhydrases, with prognostic and treatment implications.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-11-10
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2777083-7
    ISSN 2214-6474
    ISSN 2214-6474
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.11.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Long-term recurrence of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor: Clinical case report.

    Tonetti, Daniel A / Ares, William J / Richardson, R Mark / Hamilton, Ronald L / Lieberman, Frank S

    Surgical neurology international

    2017  Volume 8, Page(s) 140

    Abstract: Background: Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNETs) are rare, benign brain neoplasms that typically arise in children and adolescents and classically present with intractable, partial complex seizures. DNETs are classically associated with a ... ...

    Abstract Background: Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNETs) are rare, benign brain neoplasms that typically arise in children and adolescents and classically present with intractable, partial complex seizures. DNETs are classically associated with a favorable prognosis after complete surgical resection.
    Case description: We describe a case of long-term recurrence of a DNET, which initially resected and diagnosed as an oligodendroglioma prior to the recognition of DNETs. This patient was seizure-free for 12 years and had no signs of radiologic progression until 24 years after initial resection. On repeat surgical resection, 31 years after the initial surgery, histopathologic evaluation identified the characteristic features of DNET in both specimens.
    Conclusions: This patient's 24-year disease-free interval prior to radiologic recurrence demonstrates the longest interval to relapse in the literature for a DNET. This case illustrates the possibility of late recurrence of DNETs decades after radiographical complete resection to emphasize the necessity of thoughtful clinical judgment in adult survivors of low grade pediatric neoplasms who present with seizures after a prolonged seizure-free interval.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-07-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2229-5097
    ISSN 2229-5097
    DOI 10.4103/2152-7806.210257
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Application of telepathology for neuropathologic intraoperative consultations.

    Horbinski, Craig / Hamilton, Ronald L

    Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)

    2009  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) 317–322

    Abstract: The demand for expert neuropathologic intraoperative diagnoses often exceeds the available supply and geographic distribution of neuropathology centers. Telepathology has therefore been implemented in recent years to meet this demand. Herein, we draw on ... ...

    Abstract The demand for expert neuropathologic intraoperative diagnoses often exceeds the available supply and geographic distribution of neuropathology centers. Telepathology has therefore been implemented in recent years to meet this demand. Herein, we draw on our experience with 4 generations of telepathology systems over the past 8 years to discuss the design, initiation and maintenance of an effective telepathology service for neuropathologists, including when to change systems. In addition to workflow efficiency, unique advantages of telepathology include integration into other informatics modalities, quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) maintenance and the potential for visual data to be readily available to clinicians. Given the improvements in technology and the multiple uses of telepathology, this method for delivering patient care will undoubtedly continue to grow over time.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Intraoperative Period ; Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis ; Nervous System Diseases/pathology ; Nervous System Diseases/surgery ; Neurology/methods ; Pathology, Surgical/methods ; Remote Consultation/methods ; Telepathology/instrumentation ; Telepathology/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-03-12
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1051484-3
    ISSN 1750-3639 ; 1015-6305
    ISSN (online) 1750-3639
    ISSN 1015-6305
    DOI 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2009.00265.x
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  10. Article ; Online: A case of spinal epidural venous malformation with mediastinal extension: management with combined surgery and percutaneous sclerotherapy.

    Gandhoke, Gurpreet S / Yilmaz, Sabri / Grunwaldt, Lorelei / Hamilton, Ronald L / Salvetti, David J / Greene, Stephanie

    Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics

    2016  Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) 612–617

    Abstract: While spinal epidural arteriovenous malformations, fistulas, and shunts are well reported, the presence of a venous malformation in the spinal epidural space is a rare phenomenon. Herein, the authors report the clinical presentation, imaging findings, ... ...

    Abstract While spinal epidural arteriovenous malformations, fistulas, and shunts are well reported, the presence of a venous malformation in the spinal epidural space is a rare phenomenon. Herein, the authors report the clinical presentation, imaging findings, pathological features, and the outcome of surgical and percutaneous interventional management of a mediastinal and spinal epidural venous malformation in a young woman who presented clinically with neurogenic claudication from presumed venous hypertension precipitating the formation of a syrinx. The patient underwent a C6-T5 osteoplastic laminectomy for decompression of the spinal canal and subtotal resection of the epidural venous malformation, followed by percutaneous sclerotherapy of the mediastinal and residual anterior spinal venous malformation. She developed transient loss of dorsal column sensation, which returned to baseline within 3 weeks of the surgery. A 6-month postoperative MRI study revealed complete resolution of the syrinx and the mediastinal venous malformation. Twelve months after the surgery, the patient has had resolution of all neurological symptoms with the exception of her premorbid migraine headaches. A multidisciplinary approach with partial resection and the use of percutaneous sclerotherapy for the residual malformation can be used to successfully treat a complex venous malformation.
    MeSH term(s) Arnold-Chiari Malformation/diagnostic imaging ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation/pathology ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation/therapy ; Arteriovenous Malformations/diagnostic imaging ; Arteriovenous Malformations/pathology ; Arteriovenous Malformations/surgery ; Arteriovenous Malformations/therapy ; Cervical Vertebrae/surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; Epidural Space ; Female ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Patient Care Team ; Sclerotherapy/methods ; Syringomyelia/surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae/surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2403985-8
    ISSN 1933-0715 ; 1933-0707
    ISSN (online) 1933-0715
    ISSN 1933-0707
    DOI 10.3171/2015.9.PEDS15341
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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