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Article ; Online: Small Cell Lung Cancer in Norway: Patterns of Care by Health Region and Survival Trends.

Nilssen, Yngvar / Brustugun, Odd Terje / Fjellbirkeland, Lars / Grønberg, Bjørn Henning / Haram, Per Magnus / Helbekkmo, Nina / Helland, Åslaug / Wahl, Sissel Gyrid Freim / Aanerud, Marianne / Solberg, Steinar

Clinical lung cancer

2024

Abstract: Introduction/background: There has been a marked survival improvement for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. We describe the national trends in characteristics and survival, and geographical differences in diagnostic workup, treatment, and ... ...

Abstract	Introduction/background: There has been a marked survival improvement for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. We describe the national trends in characteristics and survival, and geographical differences in diagnostic workup, treatment, and survival for patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Materials and methods: Patients registered with SCLC at the Cancer Registry of Norway in 2002 to 2022 were included. Trends in overall survival were estimated for all SCLC patients, patients with limited stage SCLC, patients undergoing surgery, and by health region. Adjusting for case-mix, a multivariable Cox regression was performed examining the association between health region and death. Results: The study included 8374 patients. The stage distribution remained unchanged during the study period. The 5-year overall survival increased from 7.7% to 22.8% for patients with limited stage. The use of multidisciplinary team meetings varied from 62.5% to 85.7%, and the use of positron emission tomography-computer tomography varied from 70.4% to 86.2% between the health regions. Treatment patterns differed markedly between the health regions, with the proportion dying without any registered treatment ranging from 1.2% to 10.9%. For limited stage patients in 2018 to 2022, the median overall survival ranged from 16.5 to 25.5 months across health regions, and the 5-year overall survival ranged from 18.7% to 28.7% (P = .019). Conclusion: The survival for patients with SCLC remains poor. The use of diagnostic procedures, treatment modalities, and survival differed between regions, warranting investigations to further explore the reasons.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2145146-1
ISSN	1938-0690 ; 1525-7304
ISSN (online)	1938-0690
ISSN	1525-7304
DOI	10.1016/j.cllc.2024.04.002
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Zs.A 5893: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 440: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Lung cancer: Improved prognosis results in capacity challenges.

Brustugun, Odd Terje / Sørhaug, Sveinung / Grønberg, Bjørn Henning / Aanerud, Marianne / Al-Zubayidy, Mohammed Modar Zayd / Fjellbirkeland, Lars / Helland, Åslaug / Berg, Janna / Andreassen, Brynjar / Paulsen, Erna Elise / Haram, Per Magnus / Ashraf, Haseem / Wahl, Sissel Gyrid Freim

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke

2020 Volume 140, Issue 5

Title translation	Lungekreft: Forbedret prognose gir kapasitetsutfordringer.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Prognosis
Language	Norwegian
Publishing date	2020-03-26
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603504-8
ISSN	0807-7096 ; 0029-2001
ISSN (online)	0807-7096
ISSN	0029-2001
DOI	10.4045/tidsskr.20.0014
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Zs.B 422: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 546: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Pedicled Vein Grafts in Coronary Surgery: Perioperative Data From a Randomized Trial.

Pettersen, Øystein / Haram, Per Magnus / Winnerkvist, Anders / Karevold, Asbjørn / Wahba, Alexander / Stenvik, Maryann / Wiseth, Rune / Hegbom, Knut / Nordhaug, Dag Ole

The Annals of thoracic surgery

2017 Volume 104, Issue 4, Page(s) 1313–1317

Abstract: Background: Less-than-optimal long-term patency of the saphenous vein is one of the main obstacles for the success of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Results from the IMPROVE-CABG trial has shown that harvesting the saphenous vein with a pedicle ...

Abstract	Background: Less-than-optimal long-term patency of the saphenous vein is one of the main obstacles for the success of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Results from the IMPROVE-CABG trial has shown that harvesting the saphenous vein with a pedicle of perivascular tissue less than 5 mm while using manual distention provides comparable occlusion rates but significantly less intimal hyperplasia at early follow-up. The impact of pedicled veins on duration of operations, leg wound infections, and postoperative bleeding is unknown. Methods: One hundred patients undergoing first-time elective CABG were randomly assigned to conventional or pedicled vein harvesting. Perioperative and postoperative data were collected prospectively during the hospital stay and at follow-up. Results: Duration of extracorporeal circulation was significantly longer in the pedicled vein group (mean: 76 min versus 65 min, p = 0.006); however, no significant difference was found in the cross-clamp time. No significant difference was found in intraoperative vein graft flow, postoperative bleeding, or leg wound infections (4% in each group). No reoperations were due to vein graft bleeding. Conclusions: Harvesting a pedicled vein provides comparable postoperative bleeding and leg wound infection rates in selected patients. The technique is associated with a slightly longer duration of extracorporeal circulation than harvesting conventional veins. Promising early results using the pedicled vein technique may contribute to a change in standard vein harvesting technique for CABG in selected patients.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Coronary Artery Bypass/adverse effects ; Coronary Artery Bypass/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Hemorrhage/etiology ; Saphenous Vein/transplantation ; Surgical Wound Infection/etiology ; Tissue and Organ Harvesting/methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Vascular Patency
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-23
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	211007-6
ISSN	1552-6259 ; 0003-4975
ISSN (online)	1552-6259
ISSN	0003-4975
DOI	10.1016/j.athoracsur.2017.03.076
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Article ; Online: Exercise training and losartan improve endothelial function in heart failure rats by different mechanisms.

Kemi, Ole Johan / Haram, Per Magnus / Høydal, Morten Andre / Wisløff, Ulrik / Ellingsen, Øyvind

Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ

2013 Volume 47, Issue 3, Page(s) 160–167

Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the mechanisms of losartan- and exercise training-induced improvements on endothelial dysfunction in heart failure.: Design: Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to left coronary artery ligation inducing myocardial infarction and ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To investigate the mechanisms of losartan- and exercise training-induced improvements on endothelial dysfunction in heart failure. Design: Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to left coronary artery ligation inducing myocardial infarction and heart failure were randomized to losartan treatment, high-intensity exercise training, or both. Results: Losartan, but not exercise training, reduced the heart failure-associated elevation in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (26 ± 2 mmHg vs. 19 ± 1 mmHg after losartan). In contrast, both exercise training and losartan improved exercise capacity, by 40% and 20%, respectively; no additional effects were observed when exercise training and losartan were combined. Aortic segments were mounted on a force transducer to determine vasorelaxation. Heart failure impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, observed as a 1.9-fold reduced response to acetylcholine (EC₅₀). Exercise and losartan improved acetylcholine-mediated vasorelaxation to the same extent, but by different mechanisms. Exercise training upregulated the nitric oxide pathway, whereas losartan upregulated a non-nitric oxide or -prostacyclin pathway; possibly involving the endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factor. Conclusions: Both losartan and exercise training reversed endothelial dysfunction in heart failure; exercise training via nitric oxide-dependent vasorelaxation, and losartan via an unknown mechanism that may involve endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factor. Thus, the combined treatment activated an additional nitric oxide- independent mechanism that contributed to reduce endothelial dysfunction.
MeSH term(s)	Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/pharmacology ; Animals ; Biological Factors/metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology ; Exercise Therapy ; Exercise Tolerance/drug effects ; Female ; Heart Failure/drug therapy ; Heart Failure/metabolism ; Heart Failure/physiopathology ; Heart Failure/therapy ; Losartan/pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Prostaglandins I/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recovery of Function ; Time Factors ; Vasodilation/drug effects ; Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology ; Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects ; Ventricular Pressure/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; Biological Factors ; Prostaglandins I ; Vasodilator Agents ; endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization factor ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Losartan (JMS50MPO89)
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-01-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1379906-x
ISSN	1651-2006 ; 1401-7431
ISSN (online)	1651-2006
ISSN	1401-7431
DOI	10.3109/14017431.2012.754935
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Zs.A 638: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Increase in curative treatment and survival of lung cancer in Norway 2001-2016.

Solberg, Steinar / Nilssen, Yngvar / Brustugun, Odd Terje / Grimsrud, Tom Kristian / Haram, Per Magnus / Helbekkmo, Nina / Helland, Åslaug / Hjelde, Harald Harris / Jakobsen, Bjørn / Møller, Bjørn / Petersen, Martin / Strand, Trond-Eirik / Wahl, Sissel Gyrid Freim / Aanerud, Marianne / Fjellbirkeland, Lars

European journal of epidemiology

2019 Volume 34, Issue 10, Page(s) 951–955

Abstract: We have studied the alterations in the use of curative treatment and the outcome for lung cancer patients in Norway 2001-2016. The Cancer Registry of Norway has a practically complete registration of all cancer diagnoses, treatments given and deaths. For ...

Abstract	We have studied the alterations in the use of curative treatment and the outcome for lung cancer patients in Norway 2001-2016. The Cancer Registry of Norway has a practically complete registration of all cancer diagnoses, treatments given and deaths. For the years 2001-2016, 43,137 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer. Stereotactic radiotherapy was established nationwide from 2008 and its use has increased, and in 2016, 8.8% were given this treatment. In addition 20.6% were operated and 8.5% were treated with conventional radiotherapy. Thus 37.9% of those diagnosed were treated with intention to cure, compared to 22.9% in 2001 (p < 0.0001). Further, the median survival for the whole group diagnosed with lung cancer increased from 6.0 (95% CI 5.6-6.7) months in 2001 to 11.8 (95% CI 10.9-12.7) in 2016. The 5 year survival increased from 9.4 (95% CI 8.1-10.8)% to 19.9 (95% CI 19.2-20.6)% in the same period. In 2016 the age adjusted incidence rate was 59.5 per 100,000 (Norwegian standard) and had increased significantly in both sexes. There had also been an increase in mean age at diagnosis and the proportion diagnosed in an early stage. The increase in curative treatment has been paralleled with a doubling in both the median and 5-year survival. The present results are used for surveillance and as a benchmark, and we are looking forward to reaching a proportion of 40% of patients given curative treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lung Neoplasms/mortality ; Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norway/epidemiology ; Radiosurgery/methods ; Registries ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/mortality ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/radiotherapy ; Stereotaxic Techniques ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632614-6
ISSN	1573-7284 ; 0393-2990
ISSN (online)	1573-7284
ISSN	0393-2990
DOI	10.1007/s10654-019-00536-z
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Zs.A 2090: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Aerobic fitness is associated with cardiomyocyte contractile capacity and endothelial function in exercise training and detraining.

Kemi, Ole Johan / Haram, Per Magnus / Wisløff, Ulrik / Ellingsen, Øyvind

Circulation

2004 Volume 109, Issue 23, Page(s) 2897–2904

Abstract: Background: Physical fitness and level of regular exercise are closely related to cardiovascular health. A regimen of regular intensity-controlled treadmill exercise was implemented and withdrawn to identify cellular mechanisms associated with exercise ... ...

Abstract	Background: Physical fitness and level of regular exercise are closely related to cardiovascular health. A regimen of regular intensity-controlled treadmill exercise was implemented and withdrawn to identify cellular mechanisms associated with exercise capacity and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Methods and results: Time-dependent associations between cardiomyocyte dimensions, contractile capacity, and VO2max were assessed in adult rats after high-level intensity-controlled treadmill running for 2, 4, 8, and 13 weeks and detraining for 2 and 4 weeks. With training, cardiomyocyte length, relaxation, shortening, Ca2+ decay, and estimated cell volume correlated with increased VO2max (r=0.92, -0.92, 0.88, -0.84, 0.73; P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis identified cell length, relaxation, and Ca2+ decay as the main explanatory variables for VO2max (R2=0.87, P<0.02). When training stopped, exercise-gained VO2max decreased 50% within 2 weeks and stabilized at 5% above sedentary controls after 4 weeks. Cardiomyocyte size regressed in parallel with VO2max and remained (9%) above sedentary after 4 weeks, whereas cardiomyocyte shortening, contraction/relaxation- and Ca2+-transient time courses, and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation regressed completely within 2 to 4 weeks of detraining. Cardiomyocyte length, estimated cell volume, width, shortening, and Ca2+ decay and endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation all correlated with VO2max (r=0.85, 0.84, 0.75, 0.63, -0.54, -0.37; P<0.01). Multiple regression identified cardiomyocyte length and vasorelaxation as the main determinants for regressed VO2max during detraining (R2=0.76, P=0.02). Conclusions: Cardiovascular adaptation to regular exercise is highly dynamic. On detraining, most of the exercise-gained aerobic fitness acquired over 2 to 3 months is lost within 2 to 4 weeks. The close association between cardiomyocyte dimensions, contractile capacity, arterial relaxation, and aerobic fitness suggests cellular mechanisms underlying these changes.
MeSH term(s)	Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Aerobiosis ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Calcium/metabolism ; Carotid Arteries/drug effects ; Carotid Arteries/physiology ; Cell Size ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiology ; Female ; Heart/anatomy & histology ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocytes, Cardiac/physiology ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester/pharmacology ; Nitroprusside/pharmacology ; Organ Size ; Oxygen Consumption ; Phenylephrine/pharmacology ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Running ; Vasodilation/drug effects
Chemical Substances	Nitroprusside (169D1260KM) ; Phenylephrine (1WS297W6MV) ; Acetylcholine (N9YNS0M02X) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (V55S2QJN2X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2004-06-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80099-5
ISSN	1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
ISSN (online)	1524-4539
ISSN	0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
DOI	10.1161/01.CIR.0000129308.04757.72
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Article: Exercise training restores aerobic capacity and energy transfer systems in heart failure treated with losartan.

Kemi, Ole Johan / Høydal, Morten Andre / Haram, Per Magnus / Garnier, Anne / Fortin, Dominique / Ventura-Clapier, Renee / Ellingsen, Oyvind

Cardiovascular research

2007 Volume 76, Issue 1, Page(s) 91–99

Abstract: Objective: Clinical and experimental studies demonstrate that exercise training improves aerobic capacity and cardiac function in heart failure, even in patients on optimal treatment with angiotensin inhibitors and beta-blockers, but the cellular ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Clinical and experimental studies demonstrate that exercise training improves aerobic capacity and cardiac function in heart failure, even in patients on optimal treatment with angiotensin inhibitors and beta-blockers, but the cellular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Since myocardial dysfunction is frequently associated with impaired energy status, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of exercise training and losartan on myocardial systems for energy production and transfer in heart failure. Methods: Maximal oxygen uptake, cardiac function and energy metabolism were assessed in heart failure after a myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery ligation in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Losartan was initiated one week after infarction and exercise training after four weeks, either as single interventions or combined. Animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after surgery. Results: Heart failure, confirmed by left ventricular diastolic pressure >15 mmHg and by >20 mmHg drop in peak systolic pressure, was associated with 40% lower aerobic capacity and significant reductions in enzymes involved in energy metabolism. Combined treatment yielded best improvement of aerobic capacity and ventricular pressure characteristics. Exercise training completely restored aerobic capacity and partly or fully restored creatine and adenylate kinases, whereas losartan alone further reduced these enzymes. In contrast, losartan reduced left ventricle diastolic pressure, whereas exercise training had a neutral effect. Conclusion: Exercise training markedly improves aerobic capacity and cardiac function after myocardial infarction, either alone or in combination with angiotensin inhibition. The two interventions appear to act by complementary mechanisms; whereas exercise training restores cardiac energy metabolism, mainly at the level of energy transfer, losartan unloads the heart by lowering filling pressure and afterload.
MeSH term(s)	Adenylate Kinase/analysis ; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; Animals ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Creatine Kinase/analysis ; Cyclooxygenase 1/genetics ; Cyclooxygenase 2/analysis ; Energy Transfer ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Heart Failure/drug therapy ; Heart Failure/therapy ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/analysis ; Losartan/therapeutic use ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Models, Animal ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Rats ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Transcription Factors/genetics
Chemical Substances	Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; Biomarkers ; Membrane Proteins ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ; Ppargc1a protein, rat ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Transcription Factors ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) ; Cyclooxygenase 1 (EC 1.14.99.1) ; Cyclooxygenase 2 (EC 1.14.99.1) ; Ptgs1 protein, rat (EC 1.14.99.1) ; Ptgs2 protein, rat (EC 1.14.99.1) ; Creatine Kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) ; Adenylate Kinase (EC 2.7.4.3) ; Losartan (JMS50MPO89)
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-10-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80340-6
ISSN	1755-3245 ; 0008-6363
ISSN (online)	1755-3245
ISSN	0008-6363
DOI	10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.06.008
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Article: Time-course of endothelial adaptation following acute and regular exercise.

Haram, Per Magnus / Adams, Volker / Kemi, Ole Johan / Brubakk, Alf O / Hambrecht, Rainer / Ellingsen, Oyvind / Wisløff, Ulrik

European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology

2006 Volume 13, Issue 4, Page(s) 585–591

Abstract: Background: Regular exercise training has emerged as a powerful tool to improve endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. However, little is known about the magnitude of change and the permanence of exercise-induced adaptations in endothelial function.: ... ...

Abstract	Background: Regular exercise training has emerged as a powerful tool to improve endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. However, little is known about the magnitude of change and the permanence of exercise-induced adaptations in endothelial function. Design: Rats were randomized to either 6 weeks of regular exercise or one bout of exercise. Rats were then sacrificed 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96 or 192 h post-exercise, and vascular responsiveness to acetylcholine was determined. Methods: Endothelium-dependent dilation was assessed by exposure to accumulating doses of acetylcholine in ring segments of the abdominal aorta from female Sprague-Dawley rats that either exercised regularly for 6 weeks or performed a single bout of exercise. Results: A single exercise session improved endothelium-dependent vasodilatation for about 48 h. Six weeks of regular exercise induced a significantly larger improvement that lasted for about 192 h. Sensitivity to acetylcholine was twofold higher in chronically trained animals than in those exposed to a single bout of exercise. The decay after a single bout of exercise was about eightfold faster than that after 6 weeks of training. Conclusion: The present data extend our concept of exercise-induced adaptation of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in two regards: (1) a single bout of exercise improves endothelium-dependent dilation for about 2 days, with peak effect after 12-24 h; (2) regular exercise further improves adaptation and increases the sensitivity to acetylcholine approximately fourfold, which slowly returns to sedentary levels within a week of detraining.
MeSH term(s)	Acetylcholine/pharmacology ; Adaptation, Physiological/physiology ; Animals ; Aorta, Abdominal/drug effects ; Aorta, Abdominal/physiology ; Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects ; Endothelium, Vascular/physiology ; Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester/pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Oxygen Consumption/physiology ; Physical Conditioning, Animal/methods ; Physical Exertion/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Time Factors ; Vasodilation/drug effects ; Vasodilation/physiology ; Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Enzyme Inhibitors ; Vasodilator Agents ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Acetylcholine (N9YNS0M02X) ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (V55S2QJN2X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2124191-0
ISSN	1741-8275 ; 1741-8267
ISSN (online)	1741-8275
ISSN	1741-8267
DOI	10.1097/01.hjr.0000198920.57685.76
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Zs.A 4686: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article ; Online: Caloric restriction reverses hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis in rats with low aerobic capacity.

Bowman, Thomas A / Ramakrishnan, Sadeesh K / Kaw, Meenakshi / Lee, Sang Jun / Patel, Payal R / Golla, Varun K / Bourey, Raymond E / Haram, Per Magnus / Koch, Lauren G / Britton, Steven L / Wisløff, Ulrik / Lee, Abraham D / Najjar, Sonia M

Endocrinology

2010 Volume 151, Issue 11, Page(s) 5157–5164

Abstract: Rats selectively bred for low aerobic running capacity exhibit the metabolic syndrome, including hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, visceral obesity, and dyslipidemia. They also exhibit features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, including chicken-wire ... ...

Abstract	Rats selectively bred for low aerobic running capacity exhibit the metabolic syndrome, including hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, visceral obesity, and dyslipidemia. They also exhibit features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, including chicken-wire fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Hyperinsulinemia in these rats is associated with impaired hepatic insulin clearance. The current studies aimed to determine whether these metabolic abnormalities could be reversed by caloric restriction (CR). CR by 30% over a period of 2-3 months improved insulin clearance in parallel to inducing the protein content and activation of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1, a main player in hepatic insulin extraction. It also reduced glucose and insulin intolerance and serum and tissue (liver and muscle) triglyceride levels. Additionally, CR reversed inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in liver. The data support a significant role of CR in the normalization of insulin and lipid metabolism in liver.
MeSH term(s)	Analysis of Variance ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Caloric Restriction ; Fatty Liver/metabolism ; Fatty Liver/pathology ; Fibrosis ; Glucose/metabolism ; Insulin/metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipid Metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Liver/pathology ; Male ; Obesity/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Random Allocation ; Rats
Chemical Substances	Insulin ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-09-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	427856-2
ISSN	1945-7170 ; 0013-7227
ISSN (online)	1945-7170
ISSN	0013-7227
DOI	10.1210/en.2010-0176
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Article ; Online: Aerobic interval training versus continuous moderate exercise as a treatment for the metabolic syndrome: a pilot study.

Tjønna, Arnt Erik / Lee, Sang Jun / Rognmo, Øivind / Stølen, Tomas O / Bye, Anja / Haram, Per Magnus / Loennechen, Jan Pål / Al-Share, Qusai Y / Skogvoll, Eirik / Slørdahl, Stig A / Kemi, Ole J / Najjar, Sonia M / Wisløff, Ulrik

Circulation

2008 Volume 118, Issue 4, Page(s) 346–354

Abstract: Background: Individuals with the metabolic syndrome are 3 times more likely to die of heart disease than healthy counterparts. Exercise training reduces several of the symptoms of the syndrome, but the exercise intensity that yields the maximal ... ...

Abstract	Background: Individuals with the metabolic syndrome are 3 times more likely to die of heart disease than healthy counterparts. Exercise training reduces several of the symptoms of the syndrome, but the exercise intensity that yields the maximal beneficial adaptations is in dispute. We compared moderate and high exercise intensity with regard to variables associated with cardiovascular function and prognosis in patients with the metabolic syndrome. Methods and results: Thirty-two metabolic syndrome patients (age, 52.3+/-3.7 years; maximal oxygen uptake [o(2)max], 34 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) were randomized to equal volumes of either moderate continuous moderate exercise (CME; 70% of highest measured heart rate [Hfmax]) or aerobic interval training (AIT; 90% of Hfmax) 3 times a week for 16 weeks or to a control group. o(2)max increased more after AIT than CME (35% versus 16%; P<0.01) and was associated with removal of more risk factors that constitute the metabolic syndrome (number of factors: AIT, 5.9 before versus 4.0 after; P<0.01; CME, 5.7 before versus 5.0 after; group difference, P<0.05). AIT was superior to CME in enhancing endothelial function (9% versus 5%; P<0.001), insulin signaling in fat and skeletal muscle, skeletal muscle biogenesis, and excitation-contraction coupling and in reducing blood glucose and lipogenesis in adipose tissue. The 2 exercise programs were equally effective at lowering mean arterial blood pressure and reducing body weight (-2.3 and -3.6 kg in AIT and CME, respectively) and fat. Conclusions: Exercise intensity was an important factor for improving aerobic capacity and reversing the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome. These findings may have important implications for exercise training in rehabilitation programs and future studies.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Body Weight ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Exercise Therapy/methods ; Exercise Therapy/standards ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome/complications ; Metabolic Syndrome/physiopathology ; Metabolic Syndrome/therapy ; Metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen Consumption ; Pilot Projects
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-07-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	80099-5
ISSN	1524-4539 ; 0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
ISSN (online)	1524-4539
ISSN	0009-7322 ; 0069-4193 ; 0065-8499
DOI	10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.772822
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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