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Article ; Online: Population well-being and the COVID-19 vaccination program in Chile: evidence from Google Trends.

Díaz, F / Henríquez, P A / Hardy, N / Ponce, D

2023 Volume 219, Page(s) 22–30

Abstract: Objective: We analyze the dynamics of the mental well-being of the Chilean population in response to the progress of the vaccination strategy implemented by the government.: Study design: This study aims at investigating the possibility of using ... ...

Abstract	Objective: We analyze the dynamics of the mental well-being of the Chilean population in response to the progress of the vaccination strategy implemented by the government. Study design: This study aims at investigating the possibility of using Google Trends as an instrument for tracking mental well-being of the Chilean population. Methods: We use the volume of searches for keywords in Google Trends (GT) related to Anguish, Anxiety, Depression, and Stress as a proxy for population well-being. Using event study methods, we analyze social attention reactions to news about the vaccination program. We implement a Difference-in-Difference-in-Differences estimation to estimate changes in population welfare by socio-economic status induced by the progress of inoculation. Results: We show that social attention to mental health problems is sensitive to news about the vaccination program. Moreover, and most importantly, we find that mental well-being responds positively to the percentage of inoculated people. This phenomenon appear to be permanent and affected by socio-economic status, with the wealthier population experiencing greater improvements than the less wealthy. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 vaccination program in Chile, social attention to mental health problems appears to be sensitive to news about the vaccination program. There is also strong evidence of socio-economic status-induced heterogeneity in population responses to program implementation. The above phenomena appears to be permanent and cannot be attributed to either socio-economic segregation in access to vaccines or to the highly stratified schedule of the vaccination program.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Chile/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Vaccines ; Search Engine ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Vaccination/psychology
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	427333-3
ISSN	1476-5616 ; 0033-3506
ISSN (online)	1476-5616
ISSN	0033-3506
DOI	10.1016/j.puhe.2023.03.007
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Article: Some Proposals for Contributions by Patients to Hospitals.

Hardy, Nelson

The Hospital

2018 Volume 5, Issue 122, Page(s) 263–264

Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0267-6478
ISSN	0267-6478
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Article: The Development of a Book: Childhood Injury.

Hardy, Neil

The Journal of biocommunication

2018 Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) e17

Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604627-7
ISSN	0094-2499
ISSN	0094-2499
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Article ; Online: Technical and functional design considerations for a real-world interpretable AI solution for NIR perfusion analysis (including cancer).

Moynihan, A / Boland, P / Cucek, J / Erzen, S / Hardy, N / McEntee, P / Rojc, J / Cahill, R

European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology

2024 , Page(s) 108273

Abstract: Near infrared (NIR) analysis of tissue perfusion via indocyanine green fluorescence assessment is performed clinically during surgery for a range of indications. Its usefulness can potentially be further enhanced through the application of interpretable ... ...

Abstract	Near infrared (NIR) analysis of tissue perfusion via indocyanine green fluorescence assessment is performed clinically during surgery for a range of indications. Its usefulness can potentially be further enhanced through the application of interpretable artificial intelligence (AI) methods to improve dynamic interpretation accuracy in these and also open new applications. While its main use currently is for perfusion assessment as a tissue health check prior to performing an anastomosis, there is increasing interest in using fluorophores for cancer detection during surgical interventions with most research being based on the paradigm of static imaging for fluorophore uptake hours after preoperative dosing. Although some image boosting and relative estimation of fluorescence signals is already inbuilt into commercial NIR systems, fuller implementation of AI methods can enable actionable predictions especially when applied during the dynamic, early inflow-outflow phase that occurs seconds to minutes after ICG (or indeed other fluorophore) administration. Already research has shown that such methods can accurately differentiate cancer from benign tissue in the operating theatre in real time in principle based on their differential signalling and could be useful for tissue perfusion classification more generally. This can be achieved through the generation of fluorescence intensity curves from an intra-operative NIR video stream. These curves are processed to adjust for image disturbances and curve features known to be influential in tissue characterisation are extracted. Existing machine learning based classifiers can then use these features to classify the tissue in question according to prior training sets. The use of this interpretable methodology enables accurate classification algorithms to be built with modest training sets in comparison to those required for deep learning modelling in addition to achieving compliance with medical device regulations. Integration of the multiple algorithms required to achieve this classification into a desktop application or medical device could make the use of this method accessible and useful to (as well as useable by) surgeons without prior training in computer technology. This document details some technical and functional design considerations underlying such a novel recommender system to advance the foundational concept and methodology as software as medical device for in situ cancer characterisation with relevance more broadly also to other tissue perfusion applications.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632519-1
ISSN	1532-2157 ; 0748-7983
ISSN (online)	1532-2157
ISSN	0748-7983
DOI	10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108273
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Article ; Online: Forecasting Commodity Market Synchronization with Commodity Currencies: A Network-Based Approach.

Magner, Nicolas S / Hardy, Nicolás / Lavin, Jaime / Ferreira, Tiago

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 25, Issue 4

Abstract: This paper shows that some commodity currencies (from Chile, Iceland, Norway, South Africa, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand) predict the synchronization of metals and energy commodities. This relationship links the present-value theory for exchange ... ...

Abstract	This paper shows that some commodity currencies (from Chile, Iceland, Norway, South Africa, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand) predict the synchronization of metals and energy commodities. This relationship links the present-value theory for exchange rates and its connection with commodity export economies' fundamentals, where prospective commodity price fluctuations affect exchange rates. Predicting commodity market return synchronization is critical for dealing with systemic risk, market efficiency, and financial stability since synchronization reduces the benefits of diversification and increases the probability of contagion in financial markets during economic and financial crises. Using network methods coupled with in-sample and out-of-sample econometrics models, we find evidence that a fall in the return of commodity-currencies (dollar appreciation) predicts an increase in commodity market synchronization and, consequently, in commodity market systemic risk. This discovery is consistent with a transitive capacity phenomenon, suggesting that commodity currencies have a predictive ability over commodities that extend beyond the commodity bundle that a country produces. The latter behavior would be exacerbated by the high financialization of commodities and strong co-movement of commodity markets. Our paper is part of a vigorously growing literature that has recently measured and predicted systemic risk caused by synchronization, combining a complex systems perspective and financial network analysis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2014734-X
ISSN	1099-4300 ; 1099-4300
ISSN (online)	1099-4300
ISSN	1099-4300
DOI	10.3390/e25040562
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Article ; Online: Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma with Bland Histologic Features: A Potential Pitfall in Diagnosis.

Burke, Allen P / Hardy, Naomi / Fanaroff, Rachel / Legesse, Teklu

AJSP: reviews & reports

2023 Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 87–93

Abstract: Sarcomatoid mesotheliomas can be challenging to diagnose on small biopsy specimens, where limited material may preclude definitive assessment of invasion and lesional cells can have relatively bland cytology with no mesothelial marker expression. We ... ...

Abstract	Sarcomatoid mesotheliomas can be challenging to diagnose on small biopsy specimens, where limited material may preclude definitive assessment of invasion and lesional cells can have relatively bland cytology with no mesothelial marker expression. We report a case of a patient who presented with a pleural effusion and had subsequent pleural biopsy that showed a bland, uniform spindle cell proliferation in a mildly myxoid background. There was little if any collagen; no chest wall, soft tissue, or fat; and mesothelial markers were negative. The cells were positive for pancytokeratin and GATA3 by immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization showed a "negative" result for homozygous loss of CDKN2A; however, there was partial (heterozygous) loss of one allele. A diagnosis of atypical spindle cell proliferation was made based on these findings. Several months later, the patient had a repeat pleural biopsy that showed spindled cells with more pleomorphism, areas of invasion into the chest wall, and the same partial loss of CDKN2A, consistent with a sarcomatoid mesothelioma. This case underscores the challenges present on small biopsy specimens, the fact that sarcomatoid mesotheliomas can be relatively bland appearing with focal pleomorphism, and that heterozygous loss of CDKN2A should be considered a positive result indicative of a neoplastic process.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2381-652X
ISSN (online)	2381-652X
DOI	10.1097/PCR.0000000000000506
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Article ; Online: Appreciating the Dynamicity of Values at the End of Life: A Psychological and Ethical Analysis.

Burns, Austin / Hardy, Natalie / Nortjé, Nico

Narrative inquiry in bioethics

2022 Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 177–181

Abstract: It can be difficult for families to accept when loved ones experience a change in saliency of values due to serious illness and inevitable death. When patients lose decision-making capacity, family members often refuse to withdraw care and insist on the ... ...

Abstract	It can be difficult for families to accept when loved ones experience a change in saliency of values due to serious illness and inevitable death. When patients lose decision-making capacity, family members often refuse to withdraw care and insist on the continuation of non-beneficial treatment. Through a joint ethical and psychological analysis, this case study examines the narrative of a husband and wife, wed for over 50 years, and how the patient's values, his life's story, and the wife's interpretation of his preferences were reconciled to achieve a resolution that respected the patient's autonomy and previously expressed wishes.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Ethical Analysis ; Spouses/psychology ; Morals ; Narration ; Death ; Decision Making
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2632728-4
ISSN	2157-1740 ; 2157-1732
ISSN (online)	2157-1740
ISSN	2157-1732
DOI	10.1353/nib.2022.0043
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Article ; Online: Aerosols, airflow, and airspace contamination during laparoscopy.

Hardy, N / Dalli, J / Khan, M F / Nolan, K / Cahill, R A

The British journal of surgery

2021 Volume 108, Issue 9, Page(s) 1022–1025

Abstract: Laparoscopic surgery has been undermined throughout the COVID-19 pandemic by concerns that it may generate an infectious risk to the operating team through aerosolization of peritoneal particles. There is anyway a need for increased awareness and ... ...

Abstract	Laparoscopic surgery has been undermined throughout the COVID-19 pandemic by concerns that it may generate an infectious risk to the operating team through aerosolization of peritoneal particles. There is anyway a need for increased awareness and understanding of the occupational hazard for surgical teams regarding unfiltered escape of pollutants generated by surgical smoke and other microbials. Here, the aerosol-generating nature of this access modality was confirmed through repeatable real-time methodology both qualitatively and quantitively to inform best practice and additional engineering solutions to optimize the operating room environment.
MeSH term(s)	Aerosols ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/adverse effects ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects ; Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis ; Air Pollution, Indoor/prevention & control ; Humans ; Infection Control/instrumentation ; Infection Control/methods ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control ; Laparoscopy/instrumentation ; Laparoscopy/methods ; Operating Rooms ; Smoke/analysis ; Ventilation
Chemical Substances	Aerosols ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Smoke
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Video-Audio Media
ZDB-ID	2985-3
ISSN	1365-2168 ; 0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
ISSN (online)	1365-2168
ISSN	0263-1202 ; 0007-1323 ; 1355-7688
DOI	10.1093/bjs/znab114
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Article: Correction: Web-Based Software Tools for Systematic Literature Review in Medicine: Systematic Search and Feature Analysis.

Cowie, Kathryn / Rahmatullah, Asad / Hardy, Nicole / Holub, Karl / Kallmes, Kevin

JMIR medical informatics

2022 Volume 10, Issue 11, Page(s) e43520

Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/33219.]. ...

Abstract	[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/33219.].
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-23
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2798261-0
ISSN	2291-9694
ISSN	2291-9694
DOI	10.2196/43520
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Web-Based Software Tools for Systematic Literature Review in Medicine: Systematic Search and Feature Analysis.

Cowie, Kathryn / Rahmatullah, Asad / Hardy, Nicole / Holub, Karl / Kallmes, Kevin

JMIR medical informatics

2022 Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) e33219

Abstract: Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are central to evaluating therapies but have high costs in terms of both time and money. Many software tools exist to assist with SRs, but most tools do not support the full process, and transparency and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Systematic reviews (SRs) are central to evaluating therapies but have high costs in terms of both time and money. Many software tools exist to assist with SRs, but most tools do not support the full process, and transparency and replicability of SR depend on performing and presenting evidence according to established best practices. Objective: This study aims to provide a basis for comparing and selecting between web-based software tools that support SR, by conducting a feature-by-feature comparison of SR tools. Methods: We searched for SR tools by reviewing any such tool listed in the SR Toolbox, previous reviews of SR tools, and qualitative Google searching. We included all SR tools that were currently functional and required no coding, and excluded reference managers, desktop applications, and statistical software. The list of features to assess was populated by combining all features assessed in 4 previous reviews of SR tools; we also added 5 features (manual addition, screening automation, dual extraction, living review, and public outputs) that were independently noted as best practices or enhancements of transparency and replicability. Then, 2 reviewers assigned binary present or absent assessments to all SR tools with respect to all features, and a third reviewer adjudicated all disagreements. Results: Of the 53 SR tools found, 55% (29/53) were excluded, leaving 45% (24/53) for assessment. In total, 30 features were assessed across 6 classes, and the interobserver agreement was 86.46%. Giotto Compliance (27/30, 90%), DistillerSR (26/30, 87%), and Nested Knowledge (26/30, 87%) support the most features, followed by EPPI-Reviewer Web (25/30, 83%), LitStream (23/30, 77%), JBI SUMARI (21/30, 70%), and SRDB.PRO (VTS Software) (21/30, 70%). Fewer than half of all the features assessed are supported by 7 tools: RobotAnalyst (National Centre for Text Mining), SRDR (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality), SyRF (Systematic Review Facility), Data Abstraction Assistant (Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health), SR Accelerator (Institute for Evidence-Based Healthcare), RobotReviewer (RobotReviewer), and COVID-NMA (COVID-NMA). Notably, of the 24 tools, only 10 (42%) support direct search, only 7 (29%) offer dual extraction, and only 13 (54%) offer living/updatable reviews. Conclusions: DistillerSR, Nested Knowledge, and EPPI-Reviewer Web each offer a high density of SR-focused web-based tools. By transparent comparison and discussion regarding SR tool functionality, the medical community can both choose among existing software offerings and note the areas of growth needed, most notably in the support of living reviews.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-02
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2798261-0
ISSN	2291-9694
ISSN	2291-9694
DOI	10.2196/33219
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