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  1. Article ; Online: Development and application of a novel approach to scoring ear tag wounds in dairy calves.

    Harmon, Megan L / Downey, Blair C / Drwencke, Alycia M / Tucker, Cassandra B

    Journal of dairy science

    2023  Volume 106, Issue 7, Page(s) 5043–5053

    Abstract: Application of ear tags in cattle is a common husbandry practice for identification purposes. Although it is known that ear tag application causes damage, little is known about the duration and process of wound healing associated with this procedure. Our ...

    Abstract Application of ear tags in cattle is a common husbandry practice for identification purposes. Although it is known that ear tag application causes damage, little is known about the duration and process of wound healing associated with this procedure. Our objective was to develop a detailed scoring system and use it to quantify wound healing in dairy calves with plastic identification tags. Calves (n = 33) were ear tagged at 2 d of age, and wound photos were taken weekly until 9 to 22 wk of age. This approach generated 10 to 22 observations per calf that were analyzed using a novel wound scoring system. We developed this system to score the presence or absence of external tissue types related to piercing trauma or mechanical irritation along the top of the tag (impressions, crust, and desquamation) and around the piercing (exudate, crust, tissue growth, and desquamation). Ears were scored as "piercing only" when tissue around the ear tag was intact. We found that impressions, crust, tissue growth, and desquamation were still seen in many calves by 12 wk of age. This suggests that extrinsic factors, such as mechanical disturbance and irritation, may have contributed to prolonged wound healing. Indeed, impressions along the top of tag, likely caused by rubbing against the ear, were observed for nearly the full duration of the study. Further research is warranted to understand ways to improve the ear-tagging process.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Ear ; Wound Healing ; Plastics
    Chemical Substances Plastics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 242499-x
    ISSN 1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
    ISSN (online) 1525-3198
    ISSN 0022-0302
    DOI 10.3168/jds.2022-23005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 810: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article: Immunoglobulin utilization in Canada: a comparative analysis of provincial guidelines and a scoping review of the literature.

    Harmon, Megan / Riazi, Kiarash / Callum, Jeannie / Arnold, Donald M / Barty, Rebecca / Sidhu, Davinder / Heddle, Nancy M / MacLeod, Laurie / Li, Na

    Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

    2023  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 85

    Abstract: Background: Canada has high immunoglobulin (IG) product utilization, raising concerns about appropriate utilization, cost and risk of shortages. Currently, there is no national set of standardized IG guidelines, and considerable variations exist among ... ...

    Abstract Background: Canada has high immunoglobulin (IG) product utilization, raising concerns about appropriate utilization, cost and risk of shortages. Currently, there is no national set of standardized IG guidelines, and considerable variations exist among the existing provincial guidelines. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare the existing Canadian provincial guidelines on the use of IG products to identify their consistencies and differences and (2) to examine the existing research in Canada on IG supply and utilization following the establishment of IG guidelines to understand the scope of research and pinpoint the gaps.
    Methods: A comparative analysis accounted for the differences across provincial IG guidelines. We highlighted similarities and differences in recommendations for medical conditions. A scoping review of citations from MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases was conducted for studies published from January 01, 2014, to April 12, 2023.
    Results: While provincial guidelines represented a considerable overlap in the medical conditions delineated and relatively uniform dose calculations, numerous differences were observed, including in recommendation categories, provision of pediatric dosing, and divergent recommendations for identical conditions based on patient demographics. The scoping review identified 29 studies that focused on the use of IG in Canada. The themes of the studies included: IVIG utilization and audits, the switch from IVIG to SCIG, patient satisfaction with IVIG and/or SCIG, the economic impact of self-administered SCIG versus clinically administered IVIG therapy, and the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of alternative medications to IG treatment.
    Conclusion: The differences in guidelines across provinces and the factors influencing IVIG/SCIG use, patient satisfaction, and cost savings are highlighted. Future research may focus on clarifying costs and comparative effectiveness, exploring factors influencing guideline adherence, and evaluating the impact of updated guidelines on IG use and patient outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2434973-2
    ISSN 1710-1492 ; 1710-1484
    ISSN (online) 1710-1492
    ISSN 1710-1484
    DOI 10.1186/s13223-023-00841-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6713: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Adolescent Advertising Exposure to Cannabis Products in Rural Oklahoma via Medical Dispensaries.

    Livingston, Melvin / Barry, Caroline / Walker, Andrew / Livingston, Bethany / Talavera-Brown, Sierra L / Harmon, Megan / Wagenaar, Alexander / Kominsky, Terrence / Komro, Kelli A

    Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs

    2023  Volume 84, Issue 5, Page(s) 693–699

    Abstract: Objective: We assess cannabis advertising exposure among adolescents in rural Oklahoma from medical dispensaries.: Method: Our mixed-methods study identified medical dispensaries within a 15-minute drive time of rural Oklahoma high schools. Study ... ...

    Abstract Objective: We assess cannabis advertising exposure among adolescents in rural Oklahoma from medical dispensaries.
    Method: Our mixed-methods study identified medical dispensaries within a 15-minute drive time of rural Oklahoma high schools. Study staff completed observational data collection forms and took photographs of each dispensary. Quantitative data from the forms and qualitative coding of photographs were used to describe dispensary characteristics and likely advertising exposure for adolescents.
    Results: Ninety-two dispensaries were identified across 20 rural communities. The majority presented as retail spaces (
    Conclusions: Sampled rural medical dispensaries present as retail spaces and are a likely source of adolescent cannabis advertising exposure.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Cannabis ; Advertising/methods ; Oklahoma/epidemiology ; Rural Population ; Marketing ; Hallucinogens ; Commerce ; Medical Marijuana
    Chemical Substances Hallucinogens ; Medical Marijuana
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2266450-6
    ISSN 1938-4114 ; 1934-2683 ; 1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
    ISSN (online) 1938-4114 ; 1934-2683
    ISSN 1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
    DOI 10.15288/jsad.22-00292
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Un I Zs.547: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article: Quantitative heterodonty in Crocodylia: assessing size and shape across modern and extinct taxa.

    D'Amore, Domenic C / Harmon, Megan / Drumheller, Stephanie K / Testin, Jason J

    PeerJ

    2019  Volume 7, Page(s) e6485

    Abstract: Heterodonty in Crocodylia and closely related taxa has not been defined quantitatively, as the teeth rarely have been measured. This has resulted in a range of qualitative descriptors, with little consensus on the condition of dental morphology in the ... ...

    Abstract Heterodonty in Crocodylia and closely related taxa has not been defined quantitatively, as the teeth rarely have been measured. This has resulted in a range of qualitative descriptors, with little consensus on the condition of dental morphology in the clade. The purpose of this study is to present a method for the quantification of both size- and shape-heterodonty in members of Crocodylia. Data were collected from dry skeletal and fossil specimens of 34 crown crocodylians and one crocodyliform, resulting in 21 species total. Digital photographs were taken of each tooth and the skull, and the margins of both were converted into landmarks and semilandmarks. We expressed heterodonty through Foote's morphological disparity, and a principal components analysis quantified shape variance. All specimens sampled were heterodont to varying degrees, with the majority of the shape variance represented by a 'caniniform' to 'molariform' transition. Heterodonty varied significantly between positions; size undulated whereas shape was significantly linear from mesial to distal. Size and shape appeared to be primarily decoupled. Skull shape correlated significantly with tooth shape. High size-heterodonty often correlated with relatively large caniniform teeth, reflecting a prioritization of securing prey. Large, highly molariform, distal teeth may be a consequence of high-frequency durophagy combined with prey size. The slender-snouted skull shape correlated with a caniniform arcade with low heterodonty. This was reminiscent of other underwater-feeding tetrapods, as they often focus on small prey that requires minimal processing. Several extinct taxa were very molariform, which was associated with low heterodonty. The terrestrial peirosaurid shared similarities with large modern crocodylian taxa, but may have processed prey differently. Disparity measures can be inflated or deflated if certain teeth are absent from the tooth row, and regression analysis may not best apply to strongly slender-snouted taxa. Nevertheless, when these methods are used in tandem they can give a complete picture of crocodylian heterodonty. Future researchers may apply our proposed method to most crocodylian specimens with an intact enough tooth row regardless of age, species, or rearing conditions, as this will add rigor to many life history studies of the clade.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2703241-3
    ISSN 2167-8359
    ISSN 2167-8359
    DOI 10.7717/peerj.6485
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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