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  1. Article ; Online: `Cryo-EM': electron cryomicroscopy, cryo electron microscopy or something else?

    Henderson, Richard / Hasnain, Samar

    IUCrJ

    2023  Volume 10, Issue Pt 5, Page(s) 519–520

    Abstract: Structural biology continues to benefit from an expanding toolkit, which is helping to gain unprecedented insight into the assembly and organization of multi-protein machineries, enzyme mechanisms and ligand/inhibitor binding. During the last ten years, ... ...

    Abstract Structural biology continues to benefit from an expanding toolkit, which is helping to gain unprecedented insight into the assembly and organization of multi-protein machineries, enzyme mechanisms and ligand/inhibitor binding. During the last ten years, cryoEM has become widely available and has provided a major boost to structure determination of membrane proteins and large multi-protein complexes. Many of the structures have now been made available at resolutions around 2 Å, where fundamental questions regarding enzyme mechanisms can be addressed. Over the years, the abbreviation cryoEM has been understood to stand for different things. We wish the wider community to engage and clarify the definition of cryoEM so that the expanding literature involving cryoEM is unified.
    MeSH term(s) Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Membrane Proteins
    Chemical Substances Membrane Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2754953-7
    ISSN 2052-2525 ; 2052-2525
    ISSN (online) 2052-2525
    ISSN 2052-2525
    DOI 10.1107/S2052252523006759
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Impact and influence of crystallography across the sciences.

    Hasnain, Samar

    IUCrJ

    2016  Volume 3, Issue Pt 6, Page(s) 389–390

    Abstract: Crystallography has influenced many of the traditional science disciplines and has opened a number of cross-disciplinary activities often bringing physicists, chemists, biologists and medical scientists together. ...

    Abstract Crystallography has influenced many of the traditional science disciplines and has opened a number of cross-disciplinary activities often bringing physicists, chemists, biologists and medical scientists together.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2754953-7
    ISSN 2052-2525
    ISSN 2052-2525
    DOI 10.1107/S2052252516017012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A Rare Case of P63-Negative Sinonasal Nut Midline Carcinoma in the Elderly.

    Qayum, Anum / Khan, Malik Waleed Zeb / Arshad, Abdul Rehman / Hasnain, Samar / Tariq, Muhammad Danyal / Khan, Salman / Ullah, Shakir

    European journal of case reports in internal medicine

    2024  Volume 11, Issue 2, Page(s) 4265

    Abstract: A nuclear protein in testis (NUT) midline carcinoma arises from squamous cells and is often located in the head, neck, and lungs. This report focuses on the negative p63 mutation and older age at the diagnosis of a NUT carcinoma, which has significant ... ...

    Abstract A nuclear protein in testis (NUT) midline carcinoma arises from squamous cells and is often located in the head, neck, and lungs. This report focuses on the negative p63 mutation and older age at the diagnosis of a NUT carcinoma, which has significant prognostic implications. A 62-year-old patient presented initially with a three-year history of recurring frontal headaches, intermittent nasal bleeding, and a sensation of a nasal cavity mass. An incisional biopsy revealed a poorly differentiated NUT carcinoma in the left maxillary sinus. A functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed, but the cancer recurred. As a result, a total maxillectomy was performed, and the patient was declared cancer-free with no evidence of residual disease. This is a rare instance of a p63-negative midline NUT cell carcinoma (NCC) in an elderly patient, which could potentially contribute to a more favourable prognosis and longer survival compared to other reported cases.
    Learning points: Molecular analysis of a NUT carcinoma and age at diagnosis may serve as a potential means for predicting patient prognosis in cases of midline NCC.Each patient should receive careful monitoring and a personalised treatment strategy based on their molecular studies. Surgical resection, along with a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, has the potential to improve overall survival rates.In line with the commonly observed relationship between increased p63 mutation and poorer survival rates, a negative p63 expression in squamous cell carcinomas may indicate a more favorable prognosis. This hypothesis highlights the importance of further research to validate these findings.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-17
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2284-2594
    ISSN (online) 2284-2594
    DOI 10.12890/2024_004265
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  4. Article ; Online: Hiromichi Kamitsubo (1933-2017).

    Ishikawa, Tetsuya / Hasnain, Samar

    Journal of synchrotron radiation

    2018  Volume 25, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 304–305

    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2021413-3
    ISSN 1600-5775 ; 0909-0495
    ISSN (online) 1600-5775
    ISSN 0909-0495
    DOI 10.1107/S1600577518002795
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  5. Article ; Online: Factors affecting knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers towards basic life support in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan: a cross-sectional analysis.

    Hasnain, Samar / Hussan, Jehan / Khan, Laiba / Muhammad, Shabir / Kamal, Khkula / Sawaira / Hayat, Umair / Abbasi, Areej / Akhlaq, Muhammad / Ahmad, Ali / Ahmad, Khizar

    BMJ open

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 9, Page(s) e073369

    Abstract: Objective: This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers towards basic life support (BLS) in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, and to investigate the factors affecting them.: Design: Cross-sectional study.: ... ...

    Abstract Objective: This study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers towards basic life support (BLS) in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, and to investigate the factors affecting them.
    Design: Cross-sectional study.
    Setting: This study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan.
    Participants: 201 healthcare professionals were recruited for this study through simple convenience sampling which included house officers (HOs), trained medical officers, postgraduate residents, professors, specialty registrars and nurses. Healthcare professionals who were reluctant to give consent were excluded from the study.
    Results: Among the chosen participants, only 16.4% had good knowledge whereas 63% had a good attitude towards BLS. Knowledge of participants was found to be positively associated with less time elapsed between the training sessions (p=0.041). On the other hand, factors such as age(p=0.004), designation (p=0.05), number of BLS sessions attended (p=0.012) and the time elapsed since the last BLS session attended (p=0.015), were positively associated with the attitude of healthcare professionals.
    Conclusion: The level of knowledge and attitude towards BLS by healthcare professionals was suboptimal. Those individuals who had attended BLS training sessions frequently had better knowledge and attitude as compared with their counterparts.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Pakistan ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Emotions ; Health Personnel
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073369
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  6. Article: Sub-atomic resolution X-ray crystallography and neutron crystallography: promise, challenges and potential.

    Blakeley, Matthew P / Hasnain, Samar S / Antonyuk, Svetlana V

    IUCrJ

    2015  Volume 2, Issue Pt 4, Page(s) 464–474

    Abstract: The International Year of Crystallography saw the number of macromolecular structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank cross the 100000 mark, with more than 90000 of these provided by X-ray crystallography. The number of X-ray structures determined to ... ...

    Abstract The International Year of Crystallography saw the number of macromolecular structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank cross the 100000 mark, with more than 90000 of these provided by X-ray crystallography. The number of X-ray structures determined to sub-atomic resolution (i.e. ≤1 Å) has passed 600 and this is likely to continue to grow rapidly with diffraction-limited synchrotron radiation sources such as MAX-IV (Sweden) and Sirius (Brazil) under construction. A dozen X-ray structures have been deposited to ultra-high resolution (i.e. ≤0.7 Å), for which precise electron density can be exploited to obtain charge density and provide information on the bonding character of catalytic or electron transfer sites. Although the development of neutron macromolecular crystallography over the years has been far less pronounced, and its application much less widespread, the availability of new and improved instrumentation, combined with dedicated deuteration facilities, are beginning to transform the field. Of the 83 macromolecular structures deposited with neutron diffraction data, more than half (49/83, 59%) were released since 2010. Sub-mm(3) crystals are now regularly being used for data collection, structures have been determined to atomic resolution for a few small proteins, and much larger unit-cell systems (cell edges >100 Å) are being successfully studied. While some details relating to H-atom positions are tractable with X-ray crystallography at sub-atomic resolution, the mobility of certain H atoms precludes them from being located. In addition, highly polarized H atoms and protons (H(+)) remain invisible with X-rays. Moreover, the majority of X-ray structures are determined from cryo-cooled crystals at 100 K, and, although radiation damage can be strongly controlled, especially since the advent of shutterless fast detectors, and by using limited doses and crystal translation at micro-focus beams, radiation damage can still take place. Neutron crystallography therefore remains the only approach where diffraction data can be collected at room temperature without radiation damage issues and the only approach to locate mobile or highly polarized H atoms and protons. Here a review of the current status of sub-atomic X-ray and neutron macromolecular crystallography is given and future prospects for combined approaches are outlined. New results from two metalloproteins, copper nitrite reductase and cytochrome c', are also included, which illustrate the type of information that can be obtained from sub-atomic-resolution (∼0.8 Å) X-ray structures, while also highlighting the need for complementary neutron studies that can provide details of H atoms not provided by X-ray crystallography.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2754953-7
    ISSN 2052-2525
    ISSN 2052-2525
    DOI 10.1107/S2052252515011239
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  7. Article: The active form of quinol-dependent nitric oxide reductase from

    Jamali, M Arif M / Gopalasingam, Chai C / Johnson, Rachel M / Tosha, Takehiko / Muramoto, Kazumasa / Muench, Stephen P / Antonyuk, Svetlana V / Shiro, Yoshitsugu / Hasnain, Samar S

    IUCrJ

    2020  Volume 7, Issue Pt 3, Page(s) 404–415

    Abstract: Neisseria ... ...

    Abstract Neisseria meningitidis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2754953-7
    ISSN 2052-2525
    ISSN 2052-2525
    DOI 10.1107/S2052252520003656
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  8. Article ; Online: Novel inhibition mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 main protease by ebselen and its derivatives

    Amporndanai, Kangsa / Meng, Xiaoli / Yang, Haitao / Liu, Zhie-Jie / Zhang, Leike / Zhao, Yao / Hasnain, Samar / O'Neill, Paul / Rao, Zihe / Jin, Zhenming / Shang, Weijuan

    bioRxiv

    Abstract: The global emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has triggered numerous efforts to develop therapeutic options for COVID-19 pandemic. The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro), which is a critical enzyme for transcription and replication of SARS-CoV-2, is a key target ... ...

    Abstract The global emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has triggered numerous efforts to develop therapeutic options for COVID-19 pandemic. The main protease of SARS-CoV-2 (Mpro), which is a critical enzyme for transcription and replication of SARS-CoV-2, is a key target for therapeutic development against COVID-19. An organoselenium drug called ebselen has recently been demonstrated to have strong inhibition against Mpro and antiviral activity but its molecular mode of action is unknown preventing further development. We have examined the binding modes of ebselen and its derivative in Mpro via high resolution co-crystallography and investigated their chemical reactivity via mass spectrometry. Stronger Mpro inhibition than ebselen and potent ability to rescue infected cells were observed for a number of ebselen derivatives. A free selenium atom bound with cysteine 145 of Mpro catalytic dyad has been revealed by crystallographic studies of Mpro with ebselen and MR6-31-2 suggesting hydrolysis of the enzyme bound organoselenium covalent adduct, formation of a phenolic by-product is confirmed by mass spectrometry. The target engagement of these compounds with an unprecedented mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibition suggests wider therapeutic applications of organo-selenium compounds in SARS-CoV-2 and other zoonotic beta-corona viruses.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-11
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2021.03.11.434764
    Database COVID19

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  9. Article: Metallogenomics and biological X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

    Ascone, Isabella / Fourme, Roger / Hasnain, Samar / Hodgson, Keith

    Journal of synchrotron radiation

    2005  Volume 12, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 1–3

    Abstract: An overview of the second special issue of the journal on biological applications of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (BioXAS) is presented. The emphasis is on the study of metalloproteins in the context of structural genomics programmes (metallogenomics). ...

    Abstract An overview of the second special issue of the journal on biological applications of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (BioXAS) is presented. The emphasis is on the study of metalloproteins in the context of structural genomics programmes (metallogenomics).
    MeSH term(s) Genomics ; Metalloproteins/chemistry ; Metalloproteins/genetics ; Protein Conformation ; Spectrum Analysis/methods ; X-Rays
    Chemical Substances Metalloproteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2021413-3
    ISSN 1600-5775 ; 0909-0495
    ISSN (online) 1600-5775
    ISSN 0909-0495
    DOI 10.1107/S0909049504033412
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