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Article ; Online: Predicted functional analysis of rumen microbiota suggested the underlying mechanisms of the postpartum subacute ruminal acidosis in Holstein cows.

Tsuchiya, Yoshiyuki / Chiba, Ena / Kimura, Atsushi / Kawashima, Kenji / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Kushibiki, Shiro / Kim, Yo-Han / Sato, Shigeru

Journal of veterinary science

2023 Volume 24, Issue 2, Page(s) e27

Abstract: Background: The relationships between the postpartum subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) occurrence and predicted bacterial functions during the periparturient period are still not clear in Holstein cows.: Objectives: The present study was performed to ... ...

Abstract	Background: The relationships between the postpartum subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) occurrence and predicted bacterial functions during the periparturient period are still not clear in Holstein cows. Objectives: The present study was performed to investigate the alterations of rumen fermentation, bacterial community structure, and predicted bacterial functional pathways in Holstein cows. Methods: Holstein cows were divided into the SARA (n = 6) or non-SARA (n = 4) groups, depending on whether they developed SARA during the first 2 weeks after parturition. Reticulo-ruminal pH was measured continuously during the study period. Reticulo-ruminal fluid samples were collected 3 weeks prepartum, and 2 and 6 weeks postpartum, and blood samples were collected 3 weeks before, 0, 2, 4 and 6 weeks postpartum. Results: The postpartum decline in 7-day mean reticulo-ruminal pH was more severe and longer-lasting in the SARA group compared with the non-SARA group. Changes in predicted functional pathways were identified in the SARA group. A significant upregulation of pathway "PWY-6383" associated with Mycobacteriaceae species was identified at 3 weeks after parturition in the SARA group. Significantly identified pathways involved in denitrification (DENITRIFICATION-PWY and PWY-7084), detoxification of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (PWY1G-0), and starch degradation (PWY-622) in the SARA group were downregulated. Conclusions: The postpartum SARA occurrence is likely related to the predicted functions of rumen bacterial community rather than the alterations of rumen fermentation or fluid bacterial community structure. Therefore, our result suggests the underlying mechanisms, namely functional adaptation of bacterial community, causing postpartum SARA in Holstein cows during the periparturient period.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Cattle ; Animals ; Rumen/metabolism ; Diet/veterinary ; Cattle Diseases/microbiology ; Postpartum Period ; Acidosis/veterinary ; Acidosis/metabolism ; Microbiota ; Lactation/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-03
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2125308-0
ISSN	1976-555X ; 1976-555X
ISSN (online)	1976-555X
ISSN	1976-555X
DOI	10.4142/jvs.22246
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Article ; Online: Notice of RETRACTION: "Changes in rumen fermentation, bacterial community, and predicted functional pathway in Holstein cows with and without subacute ruminal acidosis during the periparturient period" (J. Dairy Sci. 103:4702-4716).

Tsuchiya, Yoshiyuki / Chiba, Ena / Sugino, Toshihisa / Kawashima, Kenji / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Kushibiki, Shiro / Kim, Yo-Han / Sato, Shigeru

Journal of dairy science

2022 Volume 104, Issue 1, Page(s) 1232

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Retraction of Publication
ZDB-ID	242499-x
ISSN	1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
ISSN (online)	1525-3198
ISSN	0022-0302
DOI	10.3168/jds.2021-104-1-1232
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Article: Changes in rumen fermentation, bacterial community, and predicted functional pathway in Holstein cows with and without subacute ruminal acidosis during the periparturient period

Tsuchiya, Yoshiyuki / Chiba, Ena / Sugino, Toshihisa / Kawashima, Kenji / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Kushibiki, Shiro / Kim, Yo-Han / Sato, Shigeru

American Dairy Science Association Journal of dairy science. 2020 May, v. 103, no. 5

2020

Abstract: We investigated changes in rumen fermentation, the fluid bacterial community, and predicted functional pathway profiles in Holstein cows with and those without subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) during the periparturient period. Eighteen multiparous ... ...

Abstract	We investigated changes in rumen fermentation, the fluid bacterial community, and predicted functional pathway profiles in Holstein cows with and those without subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) during the periparturient period. Eighteen multiparous Holstein cows categorized in the SARA (n = 9) or non-SARA (n = 9) groups depending on whether they developed SARA during the 2 wk after parturition. Reticulo-ruminal pH was measured continuously throughout the study. Rumen fluid and blood samples were collected 3 wk before and 2 and 6 wk after parturition, with an additional blood sample collected during the 0 and 4 wk after parturition. The 7-d mean reticulo-ruminal pH was significantly decreased in both groups postpartum compared with prepartum, with a greater and longer lasting change in the SARA group. The postpartum total volatile fatty acid concentration was significantly higher in the non-SARA than in SARA cows. Rumen bacterial richness and diversity were not affected by the periparturient period, but the non-SARA group had a significantly higher Simpson diversity index postpartum. No significant change was observed in the composition of major bacterial phyla or genera during the periparturient period. Among 17 operational taxonomic units (OTU) shared by all cows, the relative abundances of OTU36 (genus Pseudobutyrivibrio) in the SARA group and OTU4 (genus Prevotella) in the non-SARA group decreased significantly during the postpartum period compared with prepartum. In contrast, non-SARA cows had more diverse core bacterial OTU community including 23 additional OTU than those with SARA including 3 additional OTU (40 vs. 20 OTU). The OTU36 was significantly correlated with the proportion of iso-valeric acid (r = −0.353), and OTU4 was significantly correlated with the 7-d mean reticulo-ruminal pH (r = 0.432) and the proportions of acetic acid (r = 0.353) and propionic acid (r = −0.380). Prepartum, OTU2 (genus Prevotella) was the only OTU that differed significantly between the 2 groups. Changes in predicted functional pathway were primarily identified during the postpartum period, with 2 pathways upregulated at 3 wk prepartum and 24 upregulated and 34 downregulated at 6 wk postpartum in the SARA group. Our results suggest that SARA incidence is not strictly related to changes in rumen fermentation or fluid bacterial community structure, but the predicted functional pathways of bacterial communities showed late responses to a postpartum decrease in reticulo-ruminal pH. Therefore, postpartum predicted functional pathway analysis may indicate the underlying mechanisms causing SARA in Holstein cows during the periparturient period.
Keywords	Holstein ; Prevotella ; Pseudobutyrivibrio ; acetic acid ; bacterial communities ; blood sampling ; community structure ; dairy cows ; fatty acid composition ; pH ; parturition ; postpartum period ; propionic acid ; rumen bacteria ; rumen fermentation ; rumen fluids ; ruminal acidosis ; volatile fatty acids
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-05
Size	p. 4702-4716.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	242499-x
ISSN	1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
ISSN (online)	1525-3198
ISSN	0022-0302
DOI	10.3168/jds.2019-17546
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Article ; Online: Theoretical turnover rate of the rumen liquid fraction in dairy cows and its relationship to feed intake, rumen fermentation, and milk production.

Mitsumori, Makoto / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Okimura, Tomoko / Shinkai, Takumi / Kobayashi, Yosuke / Hirako, Makoto / Kushibiki, Shiro

Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho

2019 Volume 90, Issue 12, Page(s) 1556–1566

Abstract: Ruminant animals are able to convert plant materials (grain and the human-indigestible portion of carbohydrates) to milk and meat. In this conversion, most of the plant materials are digested by rumen fermentation and are changed to short-chain fatty ... ...

Abstract	Ruminant animals are able to convert plant materials (grain and the human-indigestible portion of carbohydrates) to milk and meat. In this conversion, most of the plant materials are digested by rumen fermentation and are changed to short-chain fatty acids, microbial cells, and methane, which is released into the atmosphere. The relationships among feed, rumen fermentation, and milk production are poorly understood. Here we report a novel indicator of characteristics of rumen fermentation, theoretical turnover rate (TTOR) of the rumen liquid fraction. The TTOR was calculated from the presumed rumen volume (PRV) which is estimated by dividing the methane yield by the methane concentration of rumen fluid. The formula for the TTOR is: TTOR = PRV/body weight
MeSH term(s)	Animal Feed/analysis ; Animals ; Cattle ; Digestion ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Female ; Fermentation ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lactation ; Methane/metabolism ; Milk/chemistry ; Rumen/anatomy & histology ; Rumen/metabolism ; Rumen/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Methane (OP0UW79H66)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-24
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2095161-9
ISSN	1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
ISSN (online)	1740-0929
ISSN	1344-3941
DOI	10.1111/asj.13305
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Article ; Online: Effects of wood kraft pulp as a partial replacement for roughage on rumen fermentation and productivity in dairy cows.

Yamamoto, Hiroshi / Shimizu, Yasuhiro / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Manabe, Noriyoshi / Osawa, Ryo / Kawashima, Kenji / Fukui, Yoji / Ueno, Yutaka / Kurosu, Kazuhiro / Mizuguchi, Hitoshi / Terada, Fuminori / Sato, Shigeru / Sugino, Toshihisa / Kushibiki, Shiro

Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho

2022 Volume 93, Issue 1, Page(s) e13726

Abstract: In this study, we evaluated the partial replacement of roughage with wood kraft pulp (KP) on rumen fermentation and productivity of dairy cows. Eighteen cows were divided into control and KP groups. The KP group started adaptation to KP 3 weeks before ... ...

Abstract	In this study, we evaluated the partial replacement of roughage with wood kraft pulp (KP) on rumen fermentation and productivity of dairy cows. Eighteen cows were divided into control and KP groups. The KP group started adaptation to KP 3 weeks before calving; after calving, they were fed a total mixed ration for 12 weeks, wherein 18% Timothy hay was replaced with KP. The dry matter intake, body weight, and milk yield and composition were similar in the control and KP groups. The average daily rumen pH was higher with KP feeding, and the average daily ruminal temperature remained lower at 16 days after calving (P < 0.05). The concentration of volatile fatty acids remained unaltered, the molar proportion of acetic acid decreased, and the molar proportion of propionic acid increased, indicating a low acetic acid:propionic acid ratio (P < 0.05). Lipopolysaccharide activity in the rumen fluid was higher in the KP group (P < 0.05); however, the rumen microbiota were unaffected. The digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber increased 12 weeks after calving, whereas excretion of urinary nitrogen decreased (P < 0.05). Partial replacement of roughage with KP did not suppress rumen fermentation and maintained postpartum productivity.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cattle ; Diet/veterinary ; Dietary Fiber/analysis ; Digestion ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Female ; Fermentation ; Lactation ; Milk/chemistry ; Propionates/metabolism ; Rumen/metabolism ; Wood
Chemical Substances	Dietary Fiber ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Propionates
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-26
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2095161-9
ISSN	1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
ISSN (online)	1740-0929
ISSN	1344-3941
DOI	10.1111/asj.13726
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Article ; Online: Effects of wood kraft pulp as a partial replacement for roughage on rumen fermentation and productivity in dairy cows

Animal Science Journal. 2022 Jan., v. 93, no. 1 p.e13726-

2022

Abstract	In this study, we evaluated the partial replacement of roughage with wood kraft pulp (KP) on rumen fermentation and productivity of dairy cows. Eighteen cows were divided into control and KP groups. The KP group started adaptation to KP 3 weeks before calving; after calving, they were fed a total mixed ration for 12 weeks, wherein 18% Timothy hay was replaced with KP. The dry matter intake, body weight, and milk yield and composition were similar in the control and KP groups. The average daily rumen pH was higher with KP feeding, and the average daily ruminal temperature remained lower at 16 days after calving (P < 0.05). The concentration of volatile fatty acids remained unaltered, the molar proportion of acetic acid decreased, and the molar proportion of propionic acid increased, indicating a low acetic acid:propionic acid ratio (P < 0.05). Lipopolysaccharide activity in the rumen fluid was higher in the KP group (P < 0.05); however, the rumen microbiota were unaffected. The digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber increased 12 weeks after calving, whereas excretion of urinary nitrogen decreased (P < 0.05). Partial replacement of roughage with KP did not suppress rumen fermentation and maintained postpartum productivity.
Keywords	acetic acid ; body weight ; digestibility ; dry matter intake ; excretion ; fermentation ; hay ; kraft pulp ; lipopolysaccharides ; microorganisms ; milk yield ; neutral detergent fiber ; nitrogen ; pH ; propionic acid ; roughage ; temperature ; total mixed rations ; wood
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-01
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2095161-9
ISSN	1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
ISSN (online)	1740-0929
ISSN	1344-3941
DOI	10.1111/asj.13726
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Article ; Online: Notice of RETRACTION: Changes in rumen fermentation, bacterial community, and predicted functional pathway in Holstein cows with and without subacute ruminal acidosis during the periparturient period.

Tsuchiya, Yoshiyuki / Chiba, Ena / Sugino, Toshihisa / Kawashima, Kenji / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Kushibiki, Shiro / Kim, Yo-Han / Sato, Shigeru

publication RETRACTED

Journal of dairy science

2020 Volume 103, Issue 5, Page(s) 4702–4716

MeSH term(s)	Acidosis/metabolism ; Acidosis/microbiology ; Acidosis/veterinary ; Animals ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/isolation & purification ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/metabolism ; Cattle Diseases/microbiology ; Diet/veterinary ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/analysis ; Female ; Fermentation ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Prevotella/genetics ; Prevotella/isolation & purification ; Rumen/metabolism ; Rumen/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Fatty Acids, Volatile
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Retracted Publication
ZDB-ID	242499-x
ISSN	1525-3198 ; 0022-0302
ISSN (online)	1525-3198
ISSN	0022-0302
DOI	10.3168/jds.2019-17546
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Effects of supplementing an active dry yeast product on rumen microbial community composition and on subsequent rumen fermentation of lactating cows in the mid-to-late lactation period.

Uyeno, Yutaka / Akiyama, Kiyoshi / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Yamamoto, Hiroshi / Yokokawa, Hiroaki / Yamaguchi, Tsuneko / Kawashima, Kenji / Itoh, Minoru / Kushibiki, Shiro / Hirako, Makoto

Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho

2017 Volume 88, Issue 1, Page(s) 119–124

Abstract: The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral ... ...

Abstract	The effects of supplementing feed of cows in mid-to-late lactation with an active yeast product (Actisaf Sc 47) were evaluated using 15 Holstein cows in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. The animals were fed a mixed ration with 33% neutral detergent fiber, consisting of timothy hay (29.8%), a commercial concentrate (70.0%) and commercial calcium triphosphate (0.2%), twice daily to meet 105% of their energy requirement. Yeast supplement was set at 0, 5 and 10 g per day over 21-day periods, each of which consisted of 14 days for adaptation followed by 7 days of data collection. Milking performance, plasma metabolite parameters, rumen volatile fatty acids, lipopolysaccharide and microbial properties were measured. Although there were no significant differences in feeding and milking performance or blood parameters associated with supplementation, the acetate to propionate ratio in the rumen fluid tended to decrease (P = 0.08). The population of Bacteroidetes tended to be less prominent (P = 0.07) and the fibrolytic bacterium Fibrobacter significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the rumen fluid of the yeast 10 g group compared with that of the control. These data suggest that effects of supplementing live yeast to cows in mid-to-late lactation may be limited to microbial composition and fermentation characteristics in the rumen.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Feed ; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/physiology ; Animals ; Cattle/metabolism ; Cattle/physiology ; Diet/veterinary ; Dietary Fiber ; Dietary Supplements ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Female ; Fermentation ; Fibrobacter ; Lactation/physiology ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Phleum ; Probiotics ; Rumen/metabolism ; Rumen/microbiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Chemical Substances	Dietary Fiber ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Lipopolysaccharides
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2095161-9
ISSN	1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
ISSN (online)	1740-0929
ISSN	1344-3941
DOI	10.1111/asj.12612
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Article: Effects of cellooligosaccharide or a combination of cellooligosaccharide and live Clostridium butyricum culture on performance and intestinal ecology in Holstein calves fed milk or milk replacer

Uyeno, Yutaka / Kawashima, Kenji / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Wakimoto, Wataru / Noda, Masahito / Nagashima, Sigeo / Akiyama, Kiyoshi / Tabata, Masahiko / Kushibiki, Shiro

Livestock science. 2013 May, v. 153, no. 1-3

2013

Abstract: The effects of oral administration of a prebiotic (cellooligosaccharide [CE]) and a combination of a probiotic (a commercial Clostridium butyricum strain) and prebiotics (referred to as symbiotics [SB]) on performance and intestinal ecology in Holstein ... ...

Abstract	The effects of oral administration of a prebiotic (cellooligosaccharide [CE]) and a combination of a probiotic (a commercial Clostridium butyricum strain) and prebiotics (referred to as symbiotics [SB]) on performance and intestinal ecology in Holstein calves fed milk replacer (MR) or whole milk were evaluated. Forty female calves (experiment 1) and 14 male and female calves (experiment 2) were used in this study. Calves were fed MR (experiment 1) or whole milk (experiment 2) necessary for daily weight gain of 0.3kg based on birth weight in two daily feedings and weaned at 46 days. Calves were divided into a CE feeding group, SB feeding group (only in experiment 1), and control group. The CE and SB groups were fed CE at 5g/day before weaning and 10g/day postweaning. Only the SB group received 10⁸ colony-forming units (CFU) of C. butyricum culture per day. Commercial calf starter was offered for ad libitum intake. Health and feed intake of the animals were monitored daily, and body weight was measured weekly. Fecal samples were analyzed for determination of bacterial community composition by an RNA-based method (sequence-specific SSU rRNA cleavage method) and for organic acid profiling. In 49-day experiments, feed intake, daily gain, and occurrence of diarrhea of the calves were unaffected by either CE supplementation or SB supplementation, and all calves were healthy during each experiment. The fecal bacterial community compositions and the organic acid profiles were not different among groups in experiment 1. In experiment 2, the level of the Clostridium coccoides–Eubacterium rectale group was higher in the feces of CE group than controls at 4 weeks of age and fecal butyric acid concentration was higher (8.0 vs. 12.2 [mmol/kg feces], P<0.05) at that time. There were no differences in prebiotic bacteria (the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) between groups at this time point. These results suggested that CE and C. butyricum supplementation have less effect on the performance of healthy calves fed MR. However, prebiotic supplementation seems effective for modulation of the intestinal bacterial community of calves when administered with whole milk.
Keywords	Bifidobacterium ; Clostridium butyricum ; Holstein ; Lactobacillus ; bacteria ; bacterial communities ; birth weight ; butyric acid ; calves ; community structure ; diarrhea ; feces ; feed intake ; milk replacer ; oral administration ; ribosomal RNA ; weaning ; weight gain ; whole milk
Language	English
Dates of publication	2013-05
Size	p. 88-93.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2226176-X
ISSN	1871-1413
ISSN	1871-1413
DOI	10.1016/j.livsci.2013.02.005
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Article ; Online: Differences in rumen fermentation characteristics between low-yield and high-yield dairy cows in early lactation.

Sofyan, Ahmad / Mitsumori, Makoto / Ohmori, Hideyuki / Uyeno, Yutaka / Hasunuma, Toshiya / Akiyama, Kiyoshi / Yamamoto, Hiroshi / Yokokawa, Hiroaki / Yamaguchi, Tsuneko / Shinkai, Takumi / Hirako, Makoto / Kushibiki, Shiro

Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho

2017 Volume 88, Issue 7, Page(s) 974–982

Abstract: Relationship between rumen fermentation parameters, blood biochemical profiles and milk production traits in different yielding dairy cows during early lactation was investigated. Twelve dairy cows were divided into two groups based on their milk yield, ... ...

Abstract	Relationship between rumen fermentation parameters, blood biochemical profiles and milk production traits in different yielding dairy cows during early lactation was investigated. Twelve dairy cows were divided into two groups based on their milk yield, that is low-yield (LY) and high-yield (HY) groups. Rumen fluid and blood were collected at 3 weeks prepartum and 4, 8 and 12 weeks postpartum. Results showed that proportions of acetate, propionate to total short chain fatty acids and acetate : propionate ratio were changed (P < 0.05) in both groups during the peripartum period, whereas butyrate and acetate : butyrate ratio were only altered in the HY group. Blood cholesterol, beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase in the HY group were higher (P < 0.01) than those in the LY group. Principal component analysis revealed that milk yield and milk compositions were differently clustered between groups. These parameters showed similar direction with dry matter intake in the HY group and adverse direction in the LY group. Linear regression analysis indicated that butyrate was positively correlated with BHBA (P < 0.05) in the HY group. This study suggests that cows in the HY group seem to accommodate appropriately to negative energy balance in early lactation through rumen fermentation.
MeSH term(s)	3-Hydroxybutyric Acid/blood ; Acetates/blood ; Acetates/metabolism ; Animal Feed ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood ; Cattle/metabolism ; Cattle/physiology ; Cholesterol/blood ; Diet/veterinary ; Energy Metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/blood ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Female ; Fermentation/physiology ; Lactation/physiology ; Milk/chemistry ; Peripartum Period ; Propionates/blood ; Propionates/metabolism ; Rumen/metabolism ; Rumen/physiology ; Thiocarbamates/blood ; Thiocarbamates/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Acetates ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Propionates ; Thiocarbamates ; butylate (3U78PG73G7) ; Cholesterol (97C5T2UQ7J) ; Aspartate Aminotransferases (EC 2.6.1.1) ; 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (TZP1275679)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2095161-9
ISSN	1740-0929 ; 1344-3941
ISSN (online)	1740-0929
ISSN	1344-3941
DOI	10.1111/asj.12745
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