LIVIVO - The Search Portal for Life Sciences

zur deutschen Oberfläche wechseln
Advanced search

Search results

Result 1 - 3 of total 3

Search options

  1. Book ; Online: Contrastive inverse regression for dimension reduction

    Hawke, Sam / Luo, Hengrui / Li, Didong

    2023  

    Abstract: Supervised dimension reduction (SDR) has been a topic of growing interest in data science, as it enables the reduction of high-dimensional covariates while preserving the functional relation with certain response variables of interest. However, existing ... ...

    Abstract Supervised dimension reduction (SDR) has been a topic of growing interest in data science, as it enables the reduction of high-dimensional covariates while preserving the functional relation with certain response variables of interest. However, existing SDR methods are not suitable for analyzing datasets collected from case-control studies. In this setting, the goal is to learn and exploit the low-dimensional structure unique to or enriched by the case group, also known as the foreground group. While some unsupervised techniques such as the contrastive latent variable model and its variants have been developed for this purpose, they fail to preserve the functional relationship between the dimension-reduced covariates and the response variable. In this paper, we propose a supervised dimension reduction method called contrastive inverse regression (CIR) specifically designed for the contrastive setting. CIR introduces an optimization problem defined on the Stiefel manifold with a non-standard loss function. We prove the convergence of CIR to a local optimum using a gradient descent-based algorithm, and our numerical study empirically demonstrates the improved performance over competing methods for high-dimensional data.
    Keywords Statistics - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Machine Learning ; Statistics - Applications ; Statistics - Methodology
    Subject code 006
    Publishing date 2023-05-20
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  2. Article: Magnitude and Durability of the Antibody Response to mRNA-Based Vaccination Among SARS-CoV-2 Seronegative and Seropositive Health Care Personnel.

    Ciccone, Emily J / Zhu, Deanna R / Gunderson, Annika K / Hawke, Sam / Ajeen, Rawan / Lodge, Evans K / Shook-Sa, Bonnie E / Abernathy, Haley / Garrett, Haley E / King, Elise / Alavian, Naseem / Reyes, Raquel / Taylor, Jasmine L / Beatty, Cherese / Chung, Christy / Mendoza, Carmen E / Weber, David J / Markmann, Alena J / Premkumar, Lakshmanane /
    Juliano, Jonathan J / Boyce, Ross M / Aiello, Allison E

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2024  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) ofae009

    Abstract: Few studies have described changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in response to infection and vaccination at frequent intervals and over extended follow-up periods. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses ...

    Abstract Few studies have described changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in response to infection and vaccination at frequent intervals and over extended follow-up periods. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses among a prospective cohort of health care personnel over 18 months with up to 22 samples per person. Antibody levels and live virus neutralization were measured before and after mRNA-based vaccination with results stratified by (1) SARS-CoV-2 infection status prior to initial vaccination and (2) SARS-CoV-2 infection at any point during follow-up. We found that the antibody response to the first dose was almost 2-fold higher in individuals who were seropositive prior to vaccination, although neutralization titers were more variable. The antibody response induced by vaccination appeared to wane over time but generally persisted for 8 to 9 months, and those who were infected at any point during the study had slightly higher antibody levels over time vs those who remained uninfected. These findings underscore the need to account for SARS-CoV-2 natural infection as a modifier of vaccine responses, and they highlight the importance of frequent testing of longitudinal antibody titers over time. Together, our results provide a clearer understanding of the trajectories of antibody response among vaccinated individuals with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofae009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

  3. Article ; Online: Permethrin-treated baby wraps for the prevention of malaria: results of a randomized controlled pilot study in rural Uganda.

    Boyce, Ross M / Muhindo, Enid / Baguma, Emmanuel / Muhindo, Rabbison / Shem, Bwambale / François, Ruthly / Hawke, Sam / Shook-Sa, Bonnie E / Ntaro, Moses / Nalusaji, Aisha / Nyehangane, Dan / Reyes, Raquel / Juliano, Jonathan J / Siedner, Mark J / Staedke, Sarah G / Mulogo, Edgar M

    Malaria journal

    2022  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 63

    Abstract: Background: Progress against malaria has stalled and may even be slipping backwards in high-burden countries. This is due to a range of factors including insecticide resistance and mosquito feeding behaviours that limit contact with widely-employed ... ...

    Abstract Background: Progress against malaria has stalled and may even be slipping backwards in high-burden countries. This is due to a range of factors including insecticide resistance and mosquito feeding behaviours that limit contact with widely-employed interventions including long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor-residual spraying. Thus, further innovations in malaria control are urgently needed.
    Methods: The pilot was a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study of permethrin-treated baby wraps-known locally as lesus-in children 6-18 months of age at a single site in rural western Uganda. Fifty mother-infant pairs were assigned to permethrin-treated or untreated lesus in a 1:1 allocation. Participants and clinical staff were blinded to group assignments through use of sham treatment and re-treatment of lesus. Participants attended scheduled clinic visits every 2 weeks for a total 12 weeks. The primary outcome of interest was the safety of the intervention, assessed as changes in the frequency of use, rates of discontinuation, and incidence of adverse events, such as skin rash. Secondary outcomes included acceptability and feasibility of the intervention as measured through participant satisfaction and completion of study activities, respectively.
    Results: Overall, rates of retention and participation were relatively high with 86.0% (43 of 50) of participants completing all scheduled visits, including 18 (75.0%) and 25 (96.2%) in the intervention and control arms respectively. By the conclusion of the 12-week follow-up period, one adverse event (0.35 events per 100 person-weeks, one-sided 95% CI 0.0-1.65) was reported. Satisfaction with the lesu was high in both groups. In each study arm, there were five incident RDT positive results, but the only PCR-positive results were observed in the control group (n = 2).
    Conclusions: Permethrin-treated baby wraps were well-tolerated and broadly acceptable. Adverse events were infrequent and mild. These findings support future trials seeking to determine the efficacy of treated wraps to prevent P. falciparum malaria infection in young children as a complementary tool to existing household-based interventions.
    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04102592, Registered 25 September 2019. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04102592.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Double-Blind Method ; Humans ; Infant ; Insecticide-Treated Bednets ; Insecticides/therapeutic use ; Malaria/epidemiology ; Mosquito Control/methods ; Permethrin ; Pilot Projects ; Uganda
    Chemical Substances Insecticides ; Permethrin (509F88P9SZ)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 2091229-8
    ISSN 1475-2875 ; 1475-2875
    ISSN (online) 1475-2875
    ISSN 1475-2875
    DOI 10.1186/s12936-022-04086-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    More links

    Kategorien

    Order via subito

    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

To top