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  1. Article: Is Vitamin D Inadequacy in Early Life an Instance of the "Barker Hypothesis"?

    Heaney, Robert P

    Nutrition today

    2016  Volume 51, Issue 1, Page(s) 14–17

    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 960337-2
    ISSN 0029-666X
    ISSN 0029-666X
    DOI 10.1097/NT.0000000000000138
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Screening for vitamin D deficiency: is the goal disease prevention or full nutrient repletion?

    Heaney, Robert P

    Annals of internal medicine

    2015  Volume 162, Issue 10, Page(s) 739

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mass Screening ; Vitamin D Deficiency/diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-05-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/L15-5095-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Making Sense of the Science of Sodium.

    Heaney, Robert P

    Nutrition today

    2015  Volume 50, Issue 2, Page(s) 63–66

    Abstract: Despite the Institute of Medicine's commitment to base its nutrient intake recommendations in evidence, the 2004/2005 Dietary Reference Intakes for sodium were not supported by evidence, as the subsequent 2013 Institute of Medicine review admitted. In ... ...

    Abstract Despite the Institute of Medicine's commitment to base its nutrient intake recommendations in evidence, the 2004/2005 Dietary Reference Intakes for sodium were not supported by evidence, as the subsequent 2013 Institute of Medicine review admitted. In this review, I suggest an approach to setting nutrient intake requirements based in physiology. Briefly, the requirement of a given nutrient can best be said to be the intake that calls for the least adaptation or compensation by the intact organism. For sodium, evidence indicates that such an intake is typically between 3000 and 5000 mg/d.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 960337-2
    ISSN 0029-666X
    ISSN 0029-666X
    DOI 10.1097/NT.0000000000000084
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  4. Article ; Online: Early-life milk and late-life fracture.

    Heaney, Robert P

    JAMA pediatrics

    2014  Volume 168, Issue 7, Page(s) 682–683

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Hip Fractures/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Milk/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 2701223-2
    ISSN 2168-6211 ; 2168-6203
    ISSN (online) 2168-6211
    ISSN 2168-6203
    DOI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.172
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Design and analysis of clinical trials of nutrients: author reply.

    Heaney, Robert P

    Nutrition reviews

    2014  Volume 72, Issue 5, Page(s) 354

    MeSH term(s) Clinical Protocols/standards ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 82067-2
    ISSN 1753-4887 ; 0029-6643
    ISSN (online) 1753-4887
    ISSN 0029-6643
    DOI 10.1111/nure.12118
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  6. Article ; Online: Dairy intake, dietary adequacy, and lactose intolerance.

    Heaney, Robert P

    Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)

    2013  Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) 151–156

    Abstract: Despite repeated emphasis in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans on the importance of calcium in the adult American diet and the recommendation to consume 3 dairy servings a day, dairy intake remains well below recommendations. Insufficient health ... ...

    Abstract Despite repeated emphasis in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans on the importance of calcium in the adult American diet and the recommendation to consume 3 dairy servings a day, dairy intake remains well below recommendations. Insufficient health professional awareness of the benefits of calcium and concern for lactose intolerance are among several possible reasons, This mini-review highlights both the role of calcium (and of dairy, its principal source in modern diets) in health maintenance and reviews the means for overcoming lactose intolerance (real or perceived).
    MeSH term(s) Calcium/administration & dosage ; Calcium, Dietary/administration & dosage ; Dairy Products ; Diet/standards ; Energy Intake ; Humans ; Lactose Intolerance/therapy ; Nutrition Policy ; Nutritional Requirements
    Chemical Substances Calcium, Dietary ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2583634-1
    ISSN 2156-5376 ; 2156-5376
    ISSN (online) 2156-5376
    ISSN 2156-5376
    DOI 10.3945/an.112.003368
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Health is better at serum 25(OH)D above 30ng/mL.

    Heaney, Robert P

    The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology

    2013  Volume 136, Page(s) 224–228

    Abstract: There is clear evidence of health benefit in studies raising serum 25(OH)D in the range of 20-50ng/mL. However, the results have not been consistent. The likely reasons include the intrinsic smallness of nutrient effects, as well as failure of trial ... ...

    Abstract There is clear evidence of health benefit in studies raising serum 25(OH)D in the range of 20-50ng/mL. However, the results have not been consistent. The likely reasons include the intrinsic smallness of nutrient effects, as well as failure of trial designers to give adequate attention to starting vitamin D status and to adequacy of dose. Similarly, systematic reviews have also usually failed to use dose or starting level as criteria for study inclusion. The result is null studies, on the one hand, and, on the other, meta-analytic aggregate effects that are artifactually minimized. At a more fundamental level, the issue with vitamin D (as with most nutrients) is not the demonstration of efficacy but the defining of intake. Randomized controlled trials are poorly suited to answer such a quantitative question. Alternative approaches to defining nutrient requirements based on physiological grounds are needed (and possible). Alternatively, requirements can be based on a calculus of harm, recognizing that any selected level carries two risks: possible benefits foregone and possible harm risked. The decision should be for the nutrient status level that minimizes those inescapable risks. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Vitamin D workshop'.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Nutritional Requirements ; Nutritional Status ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/trends ; Vitamin D/administration & dosage ; Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives ; Vitamin D/blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency/blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency/pathology ; Vitamin D Deficiency/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; 25-hydroxyvitamin D (A288AR3C9H)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1049188-0
    ISSN 1879-1220 ; 0960-0760
    ISSN (online) 1879-1220
    ISSN 0960-0760
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.09.032
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: What is vitamin D insufficiency? And does it matter?

    Heaney, Robert P

    Calcified tissue international

    2013  Volume 92, Issue 2, Page(s) 177–183

    Abstract: The term nutrient "insufficiency," as commonly used, refers to a nutritional status intermediate between classical, severe deficiency, and full normal. As both "deficiency" and "insufficiency" are causes of dysfunction and disease, there is no biological ...

    Abstract The term nutrient "insufficiency," as commonly used, refers to a nutritional status intermediate between classical, severe deficiency, and full normal. As both "deficiency" and "insufficiency" are causes of dysfunction and disease, there is no biological basis for a distinction between them. What is important to note is that, in the case of vitamin D, the preponderance of the evidence indicates that there is real, preventable disease in the range of vitamin D status values now labeled "insufficient."
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Vitamin D/blood ; Vitamin D Deficiency
    Chemical Substances Vitamin D (1406-16-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 304266-2
    ISSN 1432-0827 ; 0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
    ISSN (online) 1432-0827
    ISSN 0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
    DOI 10.1007/s00223-012-9605-6
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  9. Article ; Online: Reply to Cannell.

    Heaney, Robert P

    The Journal of nutrition

    2013  Volume 143, Issue 9, Page(s) 1520–1521

    MeSH term(s) Cholecalciferol/pharmacology ; Diet ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Skin/metabolism ; Sunlight ; Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives
    Chemical Substances Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Cholecalciferol (1C6V77QF41)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 218373-0
    ISSN 1541-6100 ; 0022-3166
    ISSN (online) 1541-6100
    ISSN 0022-3166
    DOI 10.3945/jn.113.181651
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  10. Article ; Online: Guidelines for optimizing design and analysis of clinical studies of nutrient effects.

    Heaney, Robert P

    Nutrition reviews

    2013  Volume 72, Issue 1, Page(s) 48–54

    Abstract: Presented here is a system to standardize clinical studies of nutrient effects, using nutrient-specific physiological criteria. These guidelines are based mainly on analysis of the typical sigmoid curve of biological response to nutrients and are ... ...

    Abstract Presented here is a system to standardize clinical studies of nutrient effects, using nutrient-specific physiological criteria. These guidelines are based mainly on analysis of the typical sigmoid curve of biological response to nutrients and are intended for design, interpretation, and pooling of studies of nutrient effects. Five rules have been articulated for individual studies of nutrients, and six for systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses.
    MeSH term(s) Clinical Protocols/standards ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Research Design ; Review Literature as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-12-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 82067-2
    ISSN 1753-4887 ; 0029-6643
    ISSN (online) 1753-4887
    ISSN 0029-6643
    DOI 10.1111/nure.12090
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