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  1. Article ; Online: Genetic characterization of upper respiratory tract virome from nonvaccinated Egyptian cow-calf operations.

    Abdou Nagy / Fatma Abdallah / Hend M El Damaty / Ahmed Tariq / Abdallah M A Merwad / Bader Y Alhatlani / Ibrahim Elsohaby

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 5, p e

    2022  Volume 0267036

    Abstract: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the costliest complex disease affecting the cattle industry worldwide, with significant economic losses. BRD pathogenesis involves several interactions between microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, and ... ...

    Abstract Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the costliest complex disease affecting the cattle industry worldwide, with significant economic losses. BRD pathogenesis involves several interactions between microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, and management factors. The present study aimed to characterize the nasal virome from 43 pooled nasal swab samples collected from Egyptian nonvaccinated cow-calf operations with acute BRD from January to February 2020 using metagenomic sequencing. Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), first detection of bovine herpesvirus-5 (BHV-5), and first detection of bovine parvovirus-3 (BPV-3) were the most commonly identified in Egyptian cattle. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis of glycoprotein B revealed that the BHV-1 isolate is closely related to the Cooper reference strain (genotype 1.1), whereas the BHV-5 isolate is closely related to the reference virus GenBank NP_954920.1. In addition, the whole-genome sequence of BPV-3 showed 93.02% nucleotide identity with the reference virus GenBank AF406967.1. In this study, several DNA viruses, such as BHV-1 and first detection BHV-5, and BPV-3, were detected and may have an association with the BRD in Egyptian cattle. Therefore, further research, including investigating more samples from different locations to determine the prevalence of detected viruses and their contributions to BRD in cattle in Egypt, is needed.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Sporadic cases of lumpy skin disease among cattle in Sharkia province, Egypt

    Fatma M. Abdallah / Hend M. El Damaty / Gamilat F. Kotb

    Veterinary World, Vol 11, Iss 8, Pp 1150-

    Genetic characterization of lumpy skin disease virus isolates and pathological findings

    2018  Volume 1158

    Abstract: Background and Aim: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a highly infectious viral disease upsetting cattle, caused by LSD virus (LSDV) within the family Poxviridae. Sporadic cases of LSD have been observed in cattle previously vaccinated with the Romanian sheep ... ...

    Abstract Background and Aim: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a highly infectious viral disease upsetting cattle, caused by LSD virus (LSDV) within the family Poxviridae. Sporadic cases of LSD have been observed in cattle previously vaccinated with the Romanian sheep poxvirus (SPPV) vaccine during the summer of 2016 in Sharkia province, Egypt. The present study was undertaken to perform molecular characterization of LSDV strains which circulated in this period as well as investigate their phylogenetic relatedness with published reference capripoxvirus genome sequences. Materials and Methods: A total of 82 skin nodules, as well as 5 lymph nodes, were collected from suspect LSD cases, and the virus was isolated in embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). LSD was confirmed by polymerase chain reactions amplification of the partial and full-length sequences of the attachment and G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor (GPCR) genes, respectively, as well as a histopathological examination of the lesions. Molecular characterization of the LSDV isolates was conducted by sequencing the GPCR gene. Results: Characteristic skin nodules that covered the whole intact skin, as well as lymphadenopathy, were significant clinical signs in all suspected cases. LSDV isolation in ECEs revealed the characteristic focal white pock lesions dispersed on the chorioallantoic membranes. Histopathologic examination showed characteristic eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies within inflammatory cell infiltration. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the LSDV isolates were clustered together with other African and European LSDV strains. In addition, the LSDV isolates have a unique signature of LSDVs (A11, T12, T34, S99, and P199). Conclusion: LSDV infections have been detected in cattle previously vaccinated with Romanian SPPV vaccine during the summer of 2016 and making the evaluation of vaccine efficacy under field conditions necessary.
    Keywords cattle ; Egypt ; lumpy skin disease ; Poxviridae ; Sharkia province ; Animal culture ; SF1-1100 ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Veterinary World
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Strangles in Arabian horses in Egypt

    Ahmed N. F. Neamat-Allah / Hend M. El Damaty

    Veterinary World, Vol 9, Iss 8, Pp 820-

    Clinical, epidemiological, hematological, and biochemical aspects

    2016  Volume 826

    Abstract: Aim: Respiratory tract infections are considered the major problem of equine worldwide. Strangles is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory bacterial disease of equine caused by Streptococcus equi. This study is aimed to evaluate some clinical ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Respiratory tract infections are considered the major problem of equine worldwide. Strangles is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory bacterial disease of equine caused by Streptococcus equi. This study is aimed to evaluate some clinical and epidemiological investigation associated with strangles and to study the hematological and biochemical changes in 20 Arabian horses naturally infected with S. equi during the disease and after 10 days from treatment by procaine penicillin with benzathine penicillin. Materials and Methods: A total of 490 Arabian horses have been examined, 120 (24.5%) have been clinically diagnosed as strangles. Under complete aseptic conditions, nasal swabs and pus samples from those were collected for bacterial culture. 20 horses from the positive infected with S. equi have been treated by 6 mg/kg b.wt procaine penicillin with 4.5 mg/kg b.wt benzathine penicillin deep intramuscular injection/twice dose/4 days interval. Results: 102 horses (20.8%) were found positive for S. equi. Horses with age group under 1 year were the most prone to strangles (32.25%) followed by horses of the age group from 1 to 2 years (20%) and finally of the age group over 2-4 years (11.89%). Hematological parameters revealed anemia in the infected horses, while leucogram revealed a significant increase in the total leucocytic, granulocytic and monocytic counts without a significant change in the lymphocytic count. Biochemical parameters revealed a significant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase, total proteins, globulins, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and potassium. In other side, hypoalbuminemia and hyponatremia have been reported, whereas alanine aminotransferase activity and creatinine level showed non-significant changes. Respiratory acidosis has been exhibited in the infected horses. Treatment of horses by procaine penicillin with benzathine penicillin revealed improvement of these parameters toward the healthy horses. Conclusion: S. equi easily spreads from infected to susceptible horses ...
    Keywords biochemical ; Egypt ; hematology ; horse ; strangles ; Streptococcus equi ; Animal culture ; SF1-1100 ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Veterinary World
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Characterization of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Serotype SAT-2 in Swamp Water Buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis ) under the Egyptian Smallholder Production System

    Hend M. El Damaty / Elshaima M. Fawzi / Ahmed N. F. Neamat-Allah / Ibrahim Elsohaby / Abdelmonem Abdallah / Gamelat K. Farag / Yousry A. El-Shazly / Yasser S. Mahmmod

    Animals, Vol 11, Iss 1697, p

    2021  Volume 1697

    Abstract: Spontaneous mutations are a common characteristic of the foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), leading to wide antigenic variations resulting in the emergence of new topotypes and lineages of FMDV, which contributes to occasional vaccination failures. The ...

    Abstract Spontaneous mutations are a common characteristic of the foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), leading to wide antigenic variations resulting in the emergence of new topotypes and lineages of FMDV, which contributes to occasional vaccination failures. The objectives of the present study were to genetically characterize FMDV isolated from water buffaloes and study the biochemical and histopathological indicators of infected animals. Fifty-four water buffaloes of both sexes and different ages suffered from acute symptoms of FMD were clinically examined and randomly selected for inclusion in this study. Oral desquamated epithelial and oropharyngeal fluid samples have been tested for FMDV by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Tissue and serum samples were also collected from the diseased buffaloes and subjected to histopathological and biochemical analysis. Our findings showed that all examined samples were confirmed to be positive to FMDV serotype SAT-2 and were adjusted to be responsible for the recent disease outbreak in this study. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the circulating viruses were of the SAT-2 serotype, closely related to the lineage of lib12, topotype VII, with 98.9% identity. The new lineage of SAT-2 showed a high virulence resulting in the deaths of water buffaloes due to heart failure, confirmed by high serum levels of inflammatory and cardiac markers, including haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, cardiac troponin I and creatine phosphokinase-MB, indicating an unfavorable FMD-infection prognosis. In conclusion, we document the presence of new incursions circulating in water buffalo populations in Egypt in early 2019, explaining the high morbidity rate of FMD outbreak in early 2019. Furthermore, the newly identified serotype SAT-2 lib12 lineage, topotype VII, showed an aggressive pattern in water buffaloes of the smallholder production system.
    Keywords foot and mouth disease ; water buffalo ; Egypt ; serotype SAT-2 ; VP sequencing ; FMD outbreak ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Environmental Streptococcus uberis Associated with Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows

    Norhan K. Abd El-Aziz / Ahmed M. Ammar / Hend M. El Damaty / Rehab A. Abd Elkader / Hosam A. Saad / Waleed El-Kazzaz / Eman Khalifa

    Animals, Vol 11, Iss 1849, p

    Virulence Traits, Antimicrobial and Biocide Resistance, and Epidemiological Typing

    2021  Volume 1849

    Abstract: Mastitis remains a serious problem for dairy animals. The misappropriation of antimicrobial agents helps accelerate resistance, which poses a serious challenge in controlling environmental S. uberis infection. Here, we study the virulence attributes, ... ...

    Abstract Mastitis remains a serious problem for dairy animals. The misappropriation of antimicrobial agents helps accelerate resistance, which poses a serious challenge in controlling environmental S. uberis infection. Here, we study the virulence attributes, antimicrobial and biocide resistance, and epidemiological typing of S. uberis recovered from bovine clinical mastitis in dairy farms of diverse hygienic interventions in Egypt. The overall S. uberis infection rate was 20.59%; all were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The sua gene was the most frequent virulence gene (42.02%), followed by pau A (40.57%), cfu (21.73%), skc (20.28%), and opp (11.59%). The erm (B) gene served as the predominant antimicrobial-resistant gene (75.36%), followed by fexA (52.63%) and tet (M), blaZ , and aac(6′)aph(2″) genes (46.38% each). Of note, 79.71%, 78.26%, and 18.84% of S. uberis isolates harbored qacED1 , qacC/D , and qacA/B genes, respectively. All analyzed isolates were S. uberis type I by their unique RFLP–PCR pattern. In conclusion, the sustained presence of pauA and sua genes throughout the investigated farms contributes to a better understanding of the bacterium’s pathogenicity. Furthermore, MDR coupled with the existence of biocide resistance genes indicates the importance of S. uberis surveillance and the prudent use of antimicrobials in veterinary clinical medicine to avoid the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.
    Keywords antimicrobial resistance ; biocides ; dairy cows ; intramammary infections ; RFLP–PCR ; Streptococcus uberis ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Antimicrobial and antibiofilm potentials of cinnamon oil and silver nanoparticles against Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from bovine mastitis

    Norhan K. Abd El-Aziz / Ahmed M. Ammar / El-sayed Y. M. El-Naenaeey / Hend M. El Damaty / Asmaa A. Elazazy / Ahmed A. Hefny / Asmaa Shaker / Ibrahim E. Eldesoukey

    BMC Veterinary Research, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    new avenues for countering resistance

    2021  Volume 14

    Abstract: Abstract Background Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is a contagious pathogen of bovine mastitis. It has financial implications for the dairy cattle industry in certain areas of the world. Since antimicrobial resistance increases in dairy farms, ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is a contagious pathogen of bovine mastitis. It has financial implications for the dairy cattle industry in certain areas of the world. Since antimicrobial resistance increases in dairy farms, natural antimicrobials from herbal origins and nanoparticles have been given more attention as an alternative therapy. Hence, this study reported the antimicrobial and antibiofilm potentials of cinnamon oil, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and their combination against multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. agalactiae recovered from clinical bovine mastitis in Egypt. Results Our findings revealed that 73% (146/200) of the examined milk samples collected from dairy cows with clinical mastitis were infected with Streptococci species. Of these, 9.59% (14/146) were identified as S. agalactiae and categorized as MDR. S. agalactiae isolates expressed four virulence genes (Hyl, cylE, scpB, and lmb) and demonstrated an ability to produce biofilms. Cinnamon oil showed high antimicrobial (MICs ≤0.063 μg /mL) and antibiofilm (MBIC50 = 4 μg/mL) potentials against planktonic and biofilms of S. agalactiae isolates, respectively. However, AgNPs showed reasonable antimicrobial (MICs ≤16 μg/mL) and relatively low antibiofilm (MBIC50 = 64 μg/mL) activities against screened isolates. Synergistic antimicrobial or additive antibiofilm interactions of cinnamon oil combined with AgNPs were reported for the first time. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis revealed that biofilms of S. agalactiae isolates treated with cinnamon oil were more seriously damaged than observed in AgNPs cinnamon oil combination. Moreover, reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) showed that cinnamon oil exerted a remarkable down-regulation of pili biosynthesis genes (pilA and pilB) and their regulator (rogB) against S. agalactiae biofilms, meanwhile the AgNPs cinnamon oil combination demonstrated a lower efficacy. Conclusions This is an in vitro preliminary approach that documented the ...
    Keywords Mastitis ; Cinnamon oil ; Silver nanoparticles ; Antimicrobial activity ; Antibiofilm potential ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Diagnostic performance of molecular and conventional methods for identification of dermatophyte species from clinically infected Arabian horses in Egypt

    Tartor, Yasmine H / Hend M. El Damaty / Yasser S. Mahmmod

    Veterinary dermatology. 2016 Oct., v. 27, no. 5

    2016  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Rapid and accurate identification of dermatophytes is crucial for the effective control of disease outbreaks. Current methods based on culture and microscopic characteristics may require weeks before positive identification is made. ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Rapid and accurate identification of dermatophytes is crucial for the effective control of disease outbreaks. Current methods based on culture and microscopic characteristics may require weeks before positive identification is made. OBJECTIVES: To (i) identify the most common pathogenic dermatophytes affecting Arabian horses; (ii) compare the performance of direct microscopy (DM), culture, PCR using hair samples (PCRₕₐᵢᵣ) and PCR based on culture isolates (PCRcᵤₗₜᵤᵣₑ) for the diagnosis of dermatophytosis. METHODS: Samples of hair and crusts of skin lesions from Arabian horses were collected on a monthly basis by scraping skin of affected horses. Samples were divided into three portions: the first portion was used for microscopic examination, the second for culture and the third portion for PCR amplification of intergenic spacer (ITS) regions. RESULTS: Out of 200 horses examined, 70 (35%) showed cutaneous lesions characteristic of dermatophytosis. DM revealed that 70.4% were positive for fungal elements and 85.7% were culture positive. The identified species were Microsporum canis, Trichophyton verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes and M. equinum. Among 25 selected samples, 64, 92, 91.3 and 52% were positive for dermatophytes, as determined by DM, culture, PCRcᵤₗₜᵤᵣₑ and PCRₕₐᵢᵣ, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The dermatophytes M. canis, T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes and M. equinum were the most common cause of dermatophytosis in Arabian horses. Although the number of samples was small, the ITS‐based PCR may be a useful diagnostic tool when combined with culture.
    Keywords Microsporum canis ; Trichophyton verrucosum ; dermatomycoses ; diagnostic techniques ; disease control ; disease outbreaks ; horses ; intergenic DNA ; internal transcribed spacers ; keratinophilic fungi ; microscopy ; polymerase chain reaction ; skin lesions ; Egypt
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-10
    Size p. 401-e102.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2011122-8
    ISSN 1365-3164 ; 0959-4493
    ISSN (online) 1365-3164
    ISSN 0959-4493
    DOI 10.1111/vde.12372
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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