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Article: Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children from 4 to 9 Years of Age.

Delisle Nyström, Christine / Migueles, Jairo H / Henriksson, Pontus / Löf, Marie

2023 Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 99

Abstract: Background: Physical activity guidelines for children encourage moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities (MVPA); however, some studies have found that only vigorous intensity activities (VPA) might promote health benefits in young children. Thus, the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Physical activity guidelines for children encourage moderate-to-vigorous intensity activities (MVPA); however, some studies have found that only vigorous intensity activities (VPA) might promote health benefits in young children. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate cross-sectional and 5-year longitudinal associations of VPA and MVPA with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in childhood using compositional data analysis. Results: This study utilized data from the SPINACH study (n = 411). Physical activity was measured with accelerometers at 4- and 9-years of age. CVD risk factors were measured at 9-years of age, and included blood pressure (BP), lipid metabolism, and glucose metabolism biomarkers, as well as a continuous metabolic syndrome risk score (MetS). Cross-sectional and longitudinal linear regression models were built using compositional data analysis standards. Cross-sectionally, reallocating time to VPA from lower-intensity behaviours at 9-years was associated with lower waist circumference (B = - 3.219, P = 0.002), diastolic BP (B = - 1.836, P = 0.036), triglycerides (B = - 0.214, P < 0.001), glucose (B = - 0.189, P = 0.033), insulin (B = - 2.997, P < 0.001), and HOMA-IR (B = - 0.778, P < 0.001). Similarly, reallocating time to VPA at 4-years was associated with lower MetS (B = - 0.831, P = 0.049), waist circumference (B = - 4.211, P = 0.015), systolic BP (B = - 5.572, P = 0.015), diastolic BP (B = - 2.931, P = 0.044), triglycerides (B = - 0.229, P = 0.034), glucose (B = - 0.325, P = 0.032), insulin (B = - 5.114, P = 0.001), and HOMA-IR (B = - 0.673, P = 0.001) at 9-years. Reallocations of time to MVPA at 4- or 9-years were not associated with CVD risk factors at 9-years. Conclusions: VPA was associated with CVD risk factors in children both cross-sectionally (9-years) and longitudinally (at 4- and 9-years). MVPA seemed not to be a stimulus of enough intensity to trigger these potential cardiometabolic benefits in healthy children. Thus, these findings suggest the importance of higher intensity activities, i.e., VPA already in early childhood for cardiometabolic health.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2809942-4
ISSN	2198-9761 ; 2199-1170
ISSN (online)	2198-9761
ISSN	2199-1170
DOI	10.1186/s40798-023-00647-8
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Longitudinal associations of movement behaviours with body composition and physical fitness from 4 to 9 years of age: structural equation and mediation analysis with compositional data.

Migueles, Jairo H / Delisle Nyström, Christine / Dumuid, Dorothea / Leppänen, Marja H / Henriksson, Pontus / Löf, Marie

The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity

2023 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 11

Abstract: Background: The associations of movement behaviours (physical activity [PA], sedentary behaviour [SB], and sleep) with body composition and physical fitness from pre-school to childhood, as well as the direction of the associations, could provide ... ...

Abstract	Background: The associations of movement behaviours (physical activity [PA], sedentary behaviour [SB], and sleep) with body composition and physical fitness from pre-school to childhood, as well as the direction of the associations, could provide important information for healthy lifestyle promotion in children. This study investigated the longitudinal and bidirectional associations of movement behaviours with body composition and physical fitness measured at 4 and 9 years of age. Methods: This longitudinal study included baseline (n = 315, 4.5 [SD = 0.1] years) and follow-up data (n = 231, 9.6 [SD = 0.1] years) from the MINISTOP study. Movement behaviours were measured for 7 days using wrist-worn accelerometers, body composition with air-displacement plethysmography, and physical fitness with the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery. Cross-lagged panel models and mediation analyses were performed in combination with compositional data analysis. Results: We did not observe direct associations of the movement behaviours at 4 years with either body composition or physical fitness at 9 years (all P > 0.05). However, fat mass index at 4 years was negatively associated with vigorous PA (VPA), relative to remaining behaviours (VPA, β = - 0.22, P = 0.002) and light PA (LPA), relative to SB and sleep (β = - 0.19, P = 0.016) at 9 years. VPA (relative to remaining), moderate PA (MPA) (relative to LPA, SB, and sleep), and SB (relative to sleep) tracked from 4 to 9 years (all β ≥ 0.17, all P < 0.002), and these behaviours shared variance with fat mass index (all\|β\| ≥ 0.19, all P < 0.019), and aerobic, motor, and muscular fitness (all\|β\| ≥ 0.19, all P < 0.014) at 9 years. Mediation analysis suggested that the tracking of VPA (relative to remaining behaviours) from 4 to 9 years was negatively associated with fat mass index (β ≥ - 0.45, P = 0.012), and positively with aerobic fitness at 9 years (β ≥ 1.64, P = 0.016). Conclusion: PA and SB tracked from the pre-school years into childhood. Fat mass index at 4 years of age was negatively associated with VPA (relative to remaining behaviours) and LPA (relative to SB and sleep) at 9 years of age. The tracking of VPA was associated with lower fat mass index and higher aerobic fitness at 9 years of age. These findings suggest that higher levels of VPA in pre-school age, if maintained throughout childhood, may support the development of healthy body composition and aerobic fitness levels in later childhood.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Mediation Analysis ; Longitudinal Studies ; Physical Fitness ; Exercise ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2134691-4
ISSN	1479-5868 ; 1479-5868
ISSN (online)	1479-5868
ISSN	1479-5868
DOI	10.1186/s12966-023-01417-1
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Article ; Online: Hyperactivity in preschool age is associated with higher fat-free mass and healthy lifestyle behaviours five years later: A longitudinal study of Swedish children.

Lundgren, Oskar / Henriksson, Pontus / Delisle Nyström, Christine / Henström, Maria / Löf, Marie

Pediatric obesity

2023 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e13084

Abstract: Background: There is evidence for a link between hyperactivity and obesity, especially among older children. Both conditions seem to be multifactorial in origin and hypotheses of common underlying issues, such as emotional dysregulation, have been ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is evidence for a link between hyperactivity and obesity, especially among older children. Both conditions seem to be multifactorial in origin and hypotheses of common underlying issues, such as emotional dysregulation, have been suggested. However, studies of the co-occurrence of the two conditions in younger age groups have been inconclusive. Objectives: We aimed to study the longitudinal associations of psychological strengths and difficulties at 4 years of age with health behaviours, body composition, physical fitness, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors 5 years later. Methods: Parents of 226 4-year-old children filled out the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). At 9 years of age, we assessed health behaviours, physical fitness, body composition, and CVD risk factors. Associations were examined with linear regression models that were adjusted for sex, age of the child at 9, and maternal education. Results: In the adjusted models, hyperactivity at 4 was associated with higher fat-free mass (β = 0.18, p = 0.007) and lower levels of sedentary behaviour (β -0.14, p = 0.043) at 9 years. Furthermore, greater emotional problems at 4 were associated with lower intake of fruit and vegetables (β -0.14, p = 0.038) at 9 years. However, there were no statistically significant associations between psychological difficulties and fat-mass index. Conclusions: Our novel data provide no evidence of an association between hyperactivity in preschool age and obesity or obesity-related behaviours in school age. Future studies examining how psychological factors relate to obesity development should consider a developmental perspective.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Child ; Adolescent ; Longitudinal Studies ; Sweden/epidemiology ; Obesity/etiology ; Healthy Lifestyle ; Cardiovascular Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2655527-X
ISSN	2047-6310 ; 2047-6302
ISSN (online)	2047-6310
ISSN	2047-6302
DOI	10.1111/ijpo.13084
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Article ; Online: Effectiveness of a Smartphone App (MINISTOP 2.0) integrated in primary child health care to promote healthy diet and physical activity behaviors and prevent obesity in preschool-aged children: randomized controlled trial

Alexandrou, Christina / Henriksson, Hanna / Henström, Maria / Henriksson, Pontus / Delisle Nyström, Christine / Bendtsen, Marcus / Löf, Marie

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2023 Dec., v. 20, no. 1 p.22-22

2023

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Childhood overweight and obesity is a public health priority. We have previously reported the efficacy of a parent-oriented mobile health (mHealth) app-based intervention (MINISTOP 1.0) which showed improvements in healthy lifestyle behaviors. ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Childhood overweight and obesity is a public health priority. We have previously reported the efficacy of a parent-oriented mobile health (mHealth) app-based intervention (MINISTOP 1.0) which showed improvements in healthy lifestyle behaviors. However, the effectiveness of the MINISTOP app in real-world conditions needs to be established. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of a 6-month mHealth intervention (MINISTOP 2.0 app) on children’s intake of fruits, vegetables, sweet and savory treats, sweet drinks, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and screen time (primary outcomes), and on parental self-efficacy (PSE) for promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors, and children’s body mass index (BMI) (secondary outcomes). METHODS: A hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation design was utilized. For the effectiveness outcomes, a two-arm, individually randomized controlled trial was conducted. Parents (n = 552) of 2.5-to-3-year-old children were recruited from 19 child health care centers across Sweden, and, randomized to either a control (standard care) or intervention group (MINISTOP 2.0 app). The 2.0 version was adapted and translated into English, Somali and Arabic to increase reach. All recruitment and data collection were conducted by the nurses. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after six months, using standardized measures (BMI) and a questionnaire (health behaviors, PSE). RESULTS: Among the participating parents (n = 552, age: 34.1 ± 5.0 years), 79% were mothers and 62% had a university degree. Twenty-four percent (n = 132) of children had two foreign-born parents. At follow-up, parents in the intervention group reported lower intakes of sweet and savory treats (-6.97 g/day; p = 0.001), sweet drinks (-31.52 g/day; p < 0.001), and screen time (-7.00 min/day; p = 0.012) in their children compared to the control group. The intervention group reported higher total PSE (0.91; p = 0.006), PSE for promoting healthy diet (0.34; p = 0.008) and PSE for promoting physical activity behaviors (0.31; p = 0.009) compared to controls. No statistically significant effect was observed for children’s BMI z-score. Overall, parents reported high satisfaction with the app, and 54% reported using the app at least once a week. CONCLUSION: Children in the intervention group had lower intakes of sweet and savory treats, sweet drinks, less screen time (primary outcomes) and their parents reported higher PSE for promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors. Our results from this real-world effectiveness trial support the implementation of the MINISTOP 2.0 app within Swedish child health care. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04147039; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04147039
Keywords	academic degrees ; body mass index ; child health ; childhood obesity ; data collection ; health services ; healthy diet ; hybrids ; lifestyle ; mobile telephones ; physical activity ; questionnaires ; randomized clinical trials ; savory ; self-efficacy ; telemedicine ; Sweden
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-12
Size	p. 22.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2134691-4
ISSN	1479-5868
ISSN	1479-5868
DOI	10.1186/s12966-023-01405-5
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Longitudinal associations of movement behaviours with body composition and physical fitness from 4 to 9 years of age: structural equation and mediation analysis with compositional data

Migueles, Jairo H. / Delisle Nyström, Christine / Dumuid, Dorothea / Leppänen, Marja H. / Henriksson, Pontus / Löf, Marie

Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2023 Dec., v. 20, no. 1 p.11-11

2023

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The associations of movement behaviours (physical activity [PA], sedentary behaviour [SB], and sleep) with body composition and physical fitness from pre-school to childhood, as well as the direction of the associations, could provide ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: The associations of movement behaviours (physical activity [PA], sedentary behaviour [SB], and sleep) with body composition and physical fitness from pre-school to childhood, as well as the direction of the associations, could provide important information for healthy lifestyle promotion in children. This study investigated the longitudinal and bidirectional associations of movement behaviours with body composition and physical fitness measured at 4 and 9 years of age. METHODS: This longitudinal study included baseline (n = 315, 4.5 [SD = 0.1] years) and follow-up data (n = 231, 9.6 [SD = 0.1] years) from the MINISTOP study. Movement behaviours were measured for 7 days using wrist-worn accelerometers, body composition with air-displacement plethysmography, and physical fitness with the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery. Cross-lagged panel models and mediation analyses were performed in combination with compositional data analysis. RESULTS: We did not observe direct associations of the movement behaviours at 4 years with either body composition or physical fitness at 9 years (all P > 0.05). However, fat mass index at 4 years was negatively associated with vigorous PA (VPA), relative to remaining behaviours (VPA, β = − 0.22, P = 0.002) and light PA (LPA), relative to SB and sleep (β = − 0.19, P = 0.016) at 9 years. VPA (relative to remaining), moderate PA (MPA) (relative to LPA, SB, and sleep), and SB (relative to sleep) tracked from 4 to 9 years (all β ≥ 0.17, all P < 0.002), and these behaviours shared variance with fat mass index (all\|β\| ≥ 0.19, all P < 0.019), and aerobic, motor, and muscular fitness (all\|β\| ≥ 0.19, all P < 0.014) at 9 years. Mediation analysis suggested that the tracking of VPA (relative to remaining behaviours) from 4 to 9 years was negatively associated with fat mass index (β ≥ − 0.45, P = 0.012), and positively with aerobic fitness at 9 years (β ≥ 1.64, P = 0.016). CONCLUSION: PA and SB tracked from the pre-school years into childhood. Fat mass index at 4 years of age was negatively associated with VPA (relative to remaining behaviours) and LPA (relative to SB and sleep) at 9 years of age. The tracking of VPA was associated with lower fat mass index and higher aerobic fitness at 9 years of age. These findings suggest that higher levels of VPA in pre-school age, if maintained throughout childhood, may support the development of healthy body composition and aerobic fitness levels in later childhood.
Keywords	body composition ; childhood ; equations ; fat mass index ; health promotion ; longitudinal studies ; physical activity ; physical fitness ; plethysmography ; sedentary lifestyle ; sleep ; variance
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-12
Size	p. 11.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2134691-4
ISSN	1479-5868
ISSN	1479-5868
DOI	10.1186/s12966-023-01417-1
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Thesis ; Online: ABC-kalkylering i gemensamma och komplexa monteringsprocesser

Henriksson, Pontus / Pålsson, Karl

En fallstudie på Scania i Södertälje

2020

Abstract: Syfte - Syftet med studien är att analysera utmaningarna med att fördela omkostnader i en monteringsprocess där flera olika produktkategorier monteras tillsammans och föreslå bättre sätt att göra denna omfördelning på. Metod - Arbetet inleddes med ... ...

Abstract	Syfte - Syftet med studien är att analysera utmaningarna med att fördela omkostnader i en monteringsprocess där flera olika produktkategorier monteras tillsammans och föreslå bättre sätt att göra denna omfördelning på. Metod - Arbetet inleddes med litteraturstudier om produktkalkyl teorier för att få en bättre förståelse för hur olika kalkylmodeller är uppbyggda, och vilka produktioner de är anpassade för. Studien bygger på en teori, ABC-kalkyl som syftar till att lokalisera aktiviteter som skapar kostnader åt en kostnadsdrivare. Den utvalda teorin testades på fallföretaget Scania Södertälje som är ett tillverkande företag inom fordonsindustrin. Datainsamlingen har genomförts med hjälp av intervjuer med sakkunnig personal, observationer på monteringslina och analyser på dokument om Scanias nuvarande produktkalkyler. Empirin har jämförts gentemot den teoretiska referensramen, vilket har genererat studiens resultat. Resultat - Resultat av studien visar att ABC-kalkylen hjälper fallföretaget att fördela kostnader rättvist mellan olika produktkategorier, som använder gemensamma processer. Den nuvarande kalkylmodellen hos fallföretaget bidrar inte till någon rättvis fördelning av resurser och ger istället en missvisande bild av kostnader. Implikationer - Studien innehåller kunskap om hur ABC-kalkyl kan implementeras på olika verksamheter och vilka faktorer som är viktiga för att lyckas med implementeringen. Företaget måste lokalisera vilka aktiviteter som skapar kostnader åt ett kalkylobjekt och hitta en kostnadsdrivare som har ett starkt kausalt samband mellan resursförbrukning och dess orsak. Begränsningar - På grund av covid-19 har företaget haft sin produktion stängd under större delen av examensarbetet. Ett kort tillfälle gavs av ledningsgruppen för platsbesök i slutet av examensperioden. Tidsstudier uteslöts eftersom det inte fanns tid kvar till att göra någon sådan observation. Nyckelord: produktkalkyl, självkostnadskalkyl, fordonsindustri, fördelningsnyckel, ekonomistyrning, flexibla tillverkningssystem, ABC-kalkyl Purpose - The purpose of the study is to analyze the challenges of distributing costs in an assembly process where several different product categories are assembled together, and present a better way to make this distribution. Method - The study initiated with a literature review about calculation models. This was done to get a better understanding of different calculation models and how they are constructed. The study is based on a theory called activity-based costing (ABC), which aims to locate activities that create the costs. The chosen theory was carried out at Scania Södertälje, which is a manufacturing company within the automotive industry. The data collection has been done with the help of interviews with expert staff, observations at the assembly line and an analysis of documents received from Scania. Empiricism has been compared to the theoretical frame of reference, which has generated the study’s results. Findings – The results of the study show that the ABC-model helps the case company distribute costs fairly between different product categories, which use common processes. The current cost model of the company does no contribute to a fair distribution of resources and instead gives a misleading product costs. Implications - The study contains knowledge on how an ABC model can be implemented in different businesses. It also identifies which factors are important for the success of the implementation. The company must locate which activities create costs for a calculus object and find a cost driver that has a strong causal connection between resource consumption and its cause. Research limitations - Due to Covid-19, the company has had its production closed during most of the thesis project. A short opportunity for observations was allowed by the management team, by the end of the thesis period. Time studies were excluded because there was no time left to make such an observation. Keywords - product cost, cost allocation, cost accounting, automotive industry, distribution key, financial management, flexible manufacturing system (FMS), ABC Model.
Keywords	produktkalkyl ; självkostnadskalkyl ; fordonsindustri ; fördelningsnyckel ; ekonomistyrning ; flexibla tillverkningssystem ; ABC-kalkyl ; Business Administration ; Företagsekonomi ; covid19
Subject code	650
Language	Swedish
Publisher	Högskolan i Gävle, Industriell ekonomi
Publishing country	se
Document type	Thesis ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: User engagement in relation to effectiveness of a digital lifestyle intervention (the HealthyMoms app) in pregnancy.

Henriksson, Pontus / Migueles, Jairo H / Söderström, Emmie / Sandborg, Johanna / Maddison, Ralph / Löf, Marie

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 13793

Abstract: Although user engagement is generally considered important for the effectiveness of digital behavior change interventions, there is a lack of such data in pregnancy. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the associations of user engagement with ... ...

Abstract	Although user engagement is generally considered important for the effectiveness of digital behavior change interventions, there is a lack of such data in pregnancy. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the associations of user engagement with the HealthyMoms app with gestational weight gain, diet quality and physical activity in pregnancy. The study involved secondary analyses of participant data from the intervention group (n = 134) in a randomized controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of a 6-month mHealth intervention (the HealthyMoms app) on gestational weight gain, diet quality and physical activity. In adjusted regression models, the total number of registrations from three self-monitoring features (i.e., for weight-, diet- and physical activity) was associated with lower gestational weight gain (β = - 0.18, P = 0.043) and improved diet quality (β = 0.17, P = 0.019). These findings were mainly attributable to the associations of physical activity registrations with lower gestational weight gain (β = - 0.20, P = 0.026) and improved diet quality (β = 0.20, P = 0.006). However, the number of app sessions and page views were not associated with any of the outcomes. Our results may motivate efforts to increase user engagement in digital lifestyle interventions in pregnancy. However, additional studies are needed to further elucidate the influence of different types of user engagement in digital pregnancy interventions on their effectiveness.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03298555); https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03298555 (date of registration: October 2, 2017; date of first enrolled participant: October 24, 2017).
MeSH term(s)	Diet ; Exercise ; Female ; Gestational Weight Gain ; Humans ; Life Style ; Mobile Applications ; Pregnancy
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-17554-9
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Article ; Online: Physical Activity, Body Composition, and Cardiometabolic Health during Pregnancy: A Compositional Data Approach.

Sandborg, Johanna / Migueles, Jairo H / Söderström, Emmie / Blomberg, Marie / Henriksson, Pontus / Löf, Marie

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

2022 Volume 54, Issue 12, Page(s) 2054–2063

Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of 24-h movement behaviors (sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) with body ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of 24-h movement behaviors (sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) with body composition and cardiometabolic health in i) early and ii) late pregnancy (gestational weeks 14 and 37). Methods: This observational study utilized cross-sectional ( n = 273) and longitudinal data ( n = 242) from the HealthyMoms trial. Time spent in movement behaviors over seven consecutive 24-h periods (ActiGraph wGT3x-BT accelerometer), body composition (Bod Pod), and cardiometabolic health indicators (glucose levels, homeostatic model for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, metabolic syndrome (MetS) score) were measured in early and late pregnancy. Results: In early pregnancy, reallocating time to MVPA from LPA, SB, and sleep was associated with lower MetS score (adjusted γ = -0.343, P = 0.002). Correspondingly, reallocating time to LPA from SB and sleep in early pregnancy was associated with lower body weight (adjusted γ = -5.959, P = 0.047) and HOMA-IR (adjusted γ = -0.557, P = 0.031) at the same time point. Furthermore, reallocating time to LPA from SB and sleep in early pregnancy was associated with lower fat mass index (adjusted γ = -0.668, P = 0.028), glucose levels (adjusted γ = -0.315, P = 0.006), HOMA-IR (adjusted γ = -0.779, P = 0.004), and MetS score (adjusted γ = -0.470, P = 0.027) in late pregnancy. The changes in behaviors throughout pregnancy were not associated with body weight, body composition, and MetS score in late pregnancy. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that increasing LPA or MVPA while reducing SB and sleep was associated with lower weight and more favorable cardiometabolic health in early pregnancy. In contrast, LPA in early pregnancy seems to be a stimulus of enough intensity to improve body composition and cardiometabolic health indicators in late pregnancy.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Waist Circumference ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Body Mass Index ; Exercise/physiology ; Body Composition ; Metabolic Syndrome ; Insulin Resistance ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Body Weight ; Glucose ; Accelerometry
Chemical Substances	Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	603994-7
ISSN	1530-0315 ; 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
ISSN (online)	1530-0315
ISSN	0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
DOI	10.1249/MSS.0000000000002996
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Article ; Online: Revisiting the cross-sectional and prospective association of physical activity with body composition and physical fitness in preschoolers: A compositional data approach.

Migueles, Jairo H / Delisle Nyström, Christine / Leppänen, Marja H / Henriksson, Pontus / Löf, Marie

Pediatric obesity

2022 Volume 17, Issue 8, Page(s) e12909

Abstract: Background: Information is limited for the benefits of physical activity (PA) in preschoolers. Previous research using accelerometer-assessed PA may be affected for multicollinearity issues.: Objectives: This study investigated the cross-sectional ... ...

Abstract	Background: Information is limited for the benefits of physical activity (PA) in preschoolers. Previous research using accelerometer-assessed PA may be affected for multicollinearity issues. Objectives: This study investigated the cross-sectional and prospective associations of sedentary behaviour (SB) and PA with body composition and physical fitness using compositional data analysis. Methods: Baseline PA and SB were collected in 4-year-old (n = 315) using wrist-worn GT3X+ during seven 24 h-periods. Body composition (air-displacement plethysmography) and physical fitness (PREFIT test battery) were assessed at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up. Results: Increasing vigorous PA at expenses of lower-intensity behaviours for 4-year-old was associated with body composition and physical fitness at cross-sectional and longitudinal levels. For example, reallocating 15 min/day from lower intensities to vigorous PA at baseline was associated with higher fat-free mass index (+0.45 kg/m Conclusions: More time in vigorous PA may imply short- and long-term benefits on body composition and physical fitness in preschoolers. These findings using compositional data analysis corroborate our previously published results using isotemporal substitution models.
MeSH term(s)	Accelerometry ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index ; Child, Preschool ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Exercise ; Humans ; Physical Fitness
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2655527-X
ISSN	2047-6310 ; 2047-6302
ISSN (online)	2047-6310
ISSN	2047-6302
DOI	10.1111/ijpo.12909
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Genetic and Environmental Factors and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Adolescents.

Ballin, Marcel / Neovius, Martin / Ortega, Francisco B / Henriksson, Pontus / Nordström, Anna / Berglind, Daniel / Nordström, Peter / Ahlqvist, Viktor H

JAMA network open

2023 Volume 6, Issue 11, Page(s) e2343947

Abstract: Importance: Cardiovascular risk factors in youth have been associated with future cardiovascular disease (CVD), but conventional observational studies are vulnerable to genetic and environmental confounding.: Objective: To examine the role of genetic ...

Abstract	Importance: Cardiovascular risk factors in youth have been associated with future cardiovascular disease (CVD), but conventional observational studies are vulnerable to genetic and environmental confounding. Objective: To examine the role of genetic and environmental factors shared by full siblings in the association of adolescent cardiovascular risk factors with future CVD. Design, setting, and participants: This is a nationwide cohort study with full sibling comparisons. All men who underwent mandatory military conscription examinations in Sweden between 1972 and 1995 were followed up until December 31, 2016. Data analysis was performed from May 1 to November 10, 2022. Exposures: Body mass index (BMI), cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, handgrip strength, and a combined risk z score in late adolescence. Main outcomes and measures: The primary outcome was fatal or nonfatal CVD, as recorded in the National Inpatient Register or the Cause of Death Register before 2017. Results: A total of 1 138 833 men (mean [SD] age, 18.3 [0.8] years), of whom 463 995 were full brothers, were followed up for a median (IQR) of 32.1 (26.7-37.7) years, during which 48 606 experienced a CVD outcome (18 598 among full brothers). All risk factors were associated with CVD, but the effect of controlling for unobserved genetic and environmental factors shared by full siblings varied. In the sibling analysis, hazard ratios for CVD (top vs bottom decile) were 2.10 (95% CI, 1.90-2.32) for BMI, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.68-0.88) for cardiorespiratory fitness, 1.45 (95% CI, 1.32-1.60) for systolic blood pressure, 0.90 (95% CI, 0.82-0.99) for handgrip strength, and 2.19 (95% CI, 1.96-2.46) for the combined z score. The percentage attenuation in these hazard ratios in the sibling vs total cohort analysis ranged from 1.1% for handgrip strength to 40.0% for cardiorespiratory fitness. Consequently, in the sibling analysis, the difference in cumulative CVD incidence at age 60 years (top vs bottom decile) was 7.2% (95% CI, 5.9%-8.6%) for BMI and 1.8% (95% CI, 1.0%-2.5%) for cardiorespiratory fitness. Similarly, in the sibling analysis, hypothetically shifting everyone in the worst deciles of BMI to the middle decile would prevent 14.9% of CVD at age 60 years, whereas the corresponding number for cardiorespiratory fitness was 5.3%. Conclusions and relevance: In this Swedish national cohort study, cardiovascular risk factors in late adolescence, especially a high BMI, were important targets for CVD prevention, independently of unobserved genetic and environmental factors shared by full siblings. However, the role of adolescent cardiorespiratory fitness in CVD may have been overstated by conventional observational studies.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Middle Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/genetics ; Hand Strength ; Body Mass Index ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2574-3805
ISSN (online)	2574-3805
DOI	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43947
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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