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Article ; Online: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples' Quitline use and the Tackling Indigenous Smoking program.

Colonna, Emily / Heris, Christina L / Barrett, Eden M / Wells, Shavaun / Maddox, Raglan

Public health research & practice

2024

Abstract: Objective: The Australian Government Tackling Indigenous Smoking (TIS) program aims to reduce tobacco use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, delivering locally tailored health promotion messages, including promoting the Quitline. We ... ...

Abstract	Objective: The Australian Government Tackling Indigenous Smoking (TIS) program aims to reduce tobacco use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, delivering locally tailored health promotion messages, including promoting the Quitline. We aimed to analyse data on use of the Quitline by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples nationally, specifically in TIS and non-TIS areas. Methods: We analysed usage of the Quitline in seven jurisdictions across Australia in areas with and without TIS teams (TIS areas and non-TIS areas respectively) between 2016-2020. Demographic and usage characteristics were quantified. Clients and referrals as a proportion of the current smoking population were calculated for each year, 2016-2020. Results: From 2016-2020, 12 274 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were clients of the Quitline in included jurisdictions. Most (69%) clients were living in a TIS area. Two-thirds (66.4%) of referrals were from third‑party referrers rather than self-referrals. Overall, between 1.25% and 1.62% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples who currently smoked were clients of Quitline (between 1.15-1.57% in TIS areas and 0.82-0.97% in non-TIS areas). Conclusions: The Quitline provided smoking cessation support to approximately 2500-3000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander clients annually between 2016-2020. Referrals from third parties including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander services are an important pathway connecting community members to an evidenced-based cessation support service.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-05
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2204-2091
ISSN (online)	2204-2091
DOI	10.17061/phrp34012403
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Who smokes in Australia? Cross-sectional analysis of Australian Bureau of Statistics survey data, 2017-19.

Aw, Jessica Yi Han / Heris, Christina / Maddox, Raglan / Joshy, Grace / Banks Am, Emily

The Medical journal of Australia

2024 Volume 220, Issue 3, Page(s) 154–163

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the socio-demographic and health-related characteristics of people who smoke daily, people who formerly smoked, and people who have never smoked in Australia.: Study design: Cross-sectional analysis of Australian Bureau of ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To assess the socio-demographic and health-related characteristics of people who smoke daily, people who formerly smoked, and people who have never smoked in Australia. Study design: Cross-sectional analysis of Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) survey data. Setting, participants: Adult participants (16 370 people aged 18 years or older) in the ABS 2017-18 National Health Survey (NHS); adult participants in the ABS 2018-19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS) (6423 people aged 18 years or older). Main outcome measures: Socio-demographic and health-related characteristics of people who smoke daily, people who formerly smoked, and people who have never smoked, expressed as population-weighted proportions, overall and by Indigeneity. Results: Among adult NHS respondents, an estimated 58.8% of people who smoked daily (95% confidence interval [CI], 56.2-61.4%) were men, 61.3% (95% CI, 58.7-63.9%) were 25-54 years old, 72.5% (95% CI, 70.0-74.8%) were born in Australia, and 65.4% (95% CI, 62.8-67.8%) lived in major cities and 54.3% (95% CI, 51.6-57.0%) in areas in the two socio-economically most disadvantaged quintiles; 75.9% (95% CI, 73.5-78.1%) reported good to excellent health, 73.0% (95% CI, 70.5-75.4%) reported low to moderate psychological distress, 69.0% of those aged 25-64 years (ie, of working age) had completed year 12 (high school), and 68.5% were currently employed. An estimated 2.57 million people smoke daily in Australia: 2.37 million non-Indigenous people (92%) and 195 700 Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people (8%). Conclusions: While smoking is more frequent among people living in socio-economically disadvantaged areas and in certain population sub-groups, this first quantitative national profile indicates that most people who smoke daily are in paid employment, are non-Indigenous, are in good physical and mental health, and have completed year 12. Improved comprehensive structural supply- and demand-based tobacco control, informed by the needs of priority groups and the overall profile of people who smoke, is needed to reduce daily smoking prevalence among adults to the 2030 targets of 5% or less for all Australians and 27% or less for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Australia/epidemiology ; Health Surveys ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Australasian People
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-17
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	186082-3
ISSN	1326-5377 ; 0025-729X
ISSN (online)	1326-5377
ISSN	0025-729X
DOI	10.5694/mja2.52216
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Article ; Online: E-cigarette use and the relationship to smoking among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Indigenous Australian Secondary Students, 2017.

Heris, Christina / Scully, Maree / Chamberlain, Catherine / White, Victoria

Australian and New Zealand journal of public health

2022 Volume 46, Issue 6, Page(s) 807–813

Abstract: Objective: Estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette use (vaping) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescents and explore the relationship between vaping and tobacco use.: Methods: N=18,199 students aged 12-17 years (n=1,097 Aboriginal and ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette use (vaping) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescents and explore the relationship between vaping and tobacco use. Methods: N=18,199 students aged 12-17 years (n=1,097 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) participating in the 2017 Australian Secondary Students' Alcohol and Drug (ASSAD) Survey self-reported their e-cigarette and lifetime, past month and past week smoking behaviours. Results: Twenty-two per cent of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students (14% all) reported having ever used e-cigarettes. Significantly greater odds of e-cigarette use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students was observed overall, but not among regular (past month/week) smokers. There were significant associations between e-cigarette use and any level of smoking for all students (p<0.001), with no variation by Indigenous status. While e-cigarette use was more common among smokers, 28% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ever-vapers (35% all ever-vapers) were never smokers. Conclusions: There is substantial prevalence of e-cigarette ever-use among Australian secondary students, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students, and a strong relationship with tobacco use. Implications for public health: Policies facilitating e-cigarette access must not undercut tobacco control efforts for adolescents, particularly Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who continue to experience higher smoking rates.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Vaping/epidemiology ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Australia/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Longitudinal Studies ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Students
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-19
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1323548-5
ISSN	1753-6405 ; 1326-0200
ISSN (online)	1753-6405
ISSN	1326-0200
DOI	10.1111/1753-6405.13299
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Article ; Online: Commercial tobacco endgame themes in the Australian media from 2000 to 2021.

Perusco, Andrew / Holland, Alice / Maddox, Raglan / Morphett, Kylie / Heris, Christina / Gartner, Coral E

Tobacco control

2023

Abstract: Background: Conventional tobacco control is dominated by demand-reduction measures, whereas commercial tobacco endgame (endgame) policies address the key drivers that maintain the tobacco epidemic, such as Tobacco Industry interference in policymaking, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Conventional tobacco control is dominated by demand-reduction measures, whereas commercial tobacco endgame (endgame) policies address the key drivers that maintain the tobacco epidemic, such as Tobacco Industry interference in policymaking, the addictiveness of commercial tobacco products and their widespread availability via retail outlets. While Australia has been a pioneer in tobacco control, Australian Governments are yet to commit to endgame policies. The media play an important role reflecting and influencing public opinion and policymaker positions, and can help set the agenda for policy innovation. Method: Media articles mentioning tobacco endgame goals and policies published between 2000 and 2021 were identified by searching Results: One hundred and ninety-three articles were included for analysis. The media discourse focused on three policies: tobacco-free generation; banning or phasing out retail supply of tobacco; and mandating a very low nicotine content standard for cigarettes. A broad range of themes in the articles supported endgame policies, including the large health toll from tobacco, government responsibility to act and the total social costs far outweighing any economic benefit from the tobacco market. Opposing themes included the purported failures of 'prohibition', illicit trade, 'nanny statism' and impact on retail trade. Equity themes were scarce. The benefits of a smoke-free society were described at a societal level, rather than the personal benefits for individuals. Conclusion: Media articles on the tobacco endgame in Australia generally contained positive sentiment about endgame policies. When engaging with the media, endgame advocates should be aware of, and ready to counter, opposing themes such as the purported failures of 'prohibition', 'nanny state' rhetoric or a growth in illicit tobacco trade.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1146554-2
ISSN	1468-3318 ; 0964-4563
ISSN (online)	1468-3318
ISSN	0964-4563
DOI	10.1136/tc-2023-058186
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Article ; Online: The social determinants of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults who do not smoke in regional Australia.

Heris, Christina / Caudell, Reuben Z / Barrett, Eden M / Brinckley, Makayla-May / Cohen, Rubijayne / Kennedy, Michelle / Whop, Lisa J / Calma, Tom / Maddox, Raglan

The Australian journal of rural health

2024 Volume 32, Issue 2, Page(s) 275–285

Abstract: Introduction: Commercial tobacco use was systematically embedded as a valuable commodity through colonisation that continues to be exploited for profit by the Tobacco Industry. There have been significant declines in current smoking prevalence among ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Commercial tobacco use was systematically embedded as a valuable commodity through colonisation that continues to be exploited for profit by the Tobacco Industry. There have been significant declines in current smoking prevalence among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples 18 years and over, from 55% in 1994 to 43% in 2018-2019. This paper seeks to better understand smoke-free behaviours, and to systematically quantify associations between a range of SDOH and non-smoking/never-smoking among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults (≥18) living in regional Australia. Objective: To explore the social determinants of health (SDOH) related to non- and never-smoking among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in regional Australia. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of the NATSIHS, weighted to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adult population living in regional Australia, was conducted. Participants were characterised as people who were current smokers, never-smokers and non-smokers (ex- and never-smokers). The social determinants of health exposures related to socioeconomic position, well-being and access to healthcare. Setting: Regional Australia is distinct from urban and remote areas, based on the ASGS Remoteness Structure (ABS) 2018-2019. Participants: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults (≥18 years) who were selected, consented and asked questions about smoking in the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS 2018/19). Results: High income was associated with non-smoking (Prevalence Ratio [PR] = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.66-2.57) and never-smoking (PR = 2.02; 1.46-2.79), as was completing year 10 (non-smoking PR = 1.34; 1.12-1.61 and never-smoking PR = 1.56; 1.20-2.03). Better food security was associated with a higher prevalence of never-smoking (PR = 2.42; 1.48-3.98). Lower psychological distress scores were associated with non-smoking (PR = 1.30; 1.10-1.53) and never-smoking (PR = 1.56; 1.21-2.01). Never-smoking was more frequent in participants reporting no experiences of unfair treatment (PR = 1.59; 1.22-2.06). Having a usual healthcare provider was associated with non-smoking (PR = 1.38; 1.02-1.86). Positive exposure to the SDOH were associated with non- and never-smoking among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults in regional Australia. Structural and systemic changes to address the SDOH, including discrimination and racism, are expected to accelerate non-smoking behaviours and improve health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander/statistics & numerical data ; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander/psychology ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Social Determinants of Health/ethnology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Australia/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Smoking/ethnology ; Aged ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Prevalence ; Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-17
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2069573-1
ISSN	1440-1584 ; 1038-5282
ISSN (online)	1440-1584
ISSN	1038-5282
DOI	10.1111/ajr.13084
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Article ; Online: Deadly declines and diversity - understanding the variations in regional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander smoking prevalence.

Heris, Christina / Lovett, Raymond / Barrett, Eden M / Calma, Tom / Wright, Alyson / Maddox, Raglan

Australian and New Zealand journal of public health

2022 Volume 46, Issue 5, Page(s) 558–561

MeSH term(s)	Health Services, Indigenous ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Tobacco Smoking
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-04
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1323548-5
ISSN	1753-6405 ; 1326-0200
ISSN (online)	1753-6405
ISSN	1326-0200
DOI	10.1111/1753-6405.13286
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Article ; Online: Don't Follow the Smoke-Listening to the Tobacco Experiences and Attitudes of Urban Aboriginal Adolescents in the Study of Environment on Aboriginal Resilience and Child Health (SEARCH).

Heris, Christina L / Cutmore, Mandy / Chamberlain, Catherine / Smith, Natalie / Simpson, Victor / Sherriff, Simone / Wright, Darryl / Slater, Kym / Eades, Sandra

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 5

Abstract: Preventing smoking among young Aboriginal people is important for reducing health inequities. Multiple factors were associated with adolescent smoking in the SEARCH baseline survey (2009-12) and discussed in a follow-up qualitative study that aimed to ... ...

Abstract	Preventing smoking among young Aboriginal people is important for reducing health inequities. Multiple factors were associated with adolescent smoking in the SEARCH baseline survey (2009-12) and discussed in a follow-up qualitative study that aimed to inform prevention programs. Twelve yarning circles were facilitated by Aboriginal research staff at two NSW sites in 2019 with 32 existing SEARCH participants aged 12-28 (17 female, 15 male). Open discussion around tobacco was followed by a card sorting activity, prioritising risk and protective factors and program ideas. The age of initiation varied by generation. Older participants had established smoking in their early adolescence, whereas the current younger teens had little exposure. Some smoking commenced around high school (from Year 7), and social smoking increased at age 18. Mental and physical health, smoke-free spaces and strong connections to family, community and culture promoted non-smoking. The key themes were (1) drawing strength from culture and community; (2) how the smoking environment shapes attitudes and intentions; (3) non-smoking as a sign of good physical, social and emotional wellbeing; and (4) the importance of individual empowerment and engagement for being smoke-free. Programs promoting good mental health and strengthening cultural and community connections were identified as a priority for prevention.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Child Health ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Intention ; New South Wales ; Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples ; Tobacco Use ; Young Adult ; Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20054587
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Article ; Online: Key features of a trauma-informed public health emergency approach: A rapid review.

Heris, Christina L / Kennedy, Michelle / Graham, Simon / Bennetts, Shannon K / Atkinson, Caroline / Mohamed, Janine / Woods, Cindy / Chennall, Richard / Chamberlain, Catherine

Frontiers in public health

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) 1006513

Abstract: COVID-19 is a major threat to public safety, and emergency public health measures to protect lives (e.g., lockdown, social distancing) have caused widespread disruption. While these measures are necessary to prevent catastrophic trauma and grief, many ... ...

Abstract	COVID-19 is a major threat to public safety, and emergency public health measures to protect lives (e.g., lockdown, social distancing) have caused widespread disruption. While these measures are necessary to prevent catastrophic trauma and grief, many people are experiencing heightened stress and fear. Public health measures, risks of COVID-19 and stress responses compound existing inequities in our community. First Nations communities are particularly at risk due to historical trauma, ongoing socio-economic deprivation, and lack of trust in government authorities as a result of colonization. The objective of this study was to review evidence for trauma-informed public health emergency responses to inform development of a culturally-responsive trauma-informed public health emergency framework for First Nations communities. We searched relevant databases from 1/1/2000 to 13/11/2020 inclusive, which identified 40 primary studies (and eight associated references) for inclusion in this review. Extracted data were subjected to framework and thematic synthesis. No studies reported evaluations of a trauma-informed public health emergency response. However, included studies highlighted key elements of a "trauma-informed lens," which may help to consider implications, reduce risks and foster a sense of security, wellbeing, self- and collective-efficacy, hope and resilience for First Nations communities during COVID-19. We identified key elements for minimizing the impact of compounding trauma on First Nations communities, including: a commitment to equity and human rights, cultural responsiveness, good communication, and positive leadership. The six principles guiding trauma-informed culturally-responsive public health emergency frameworks included: (i) safety, (ii) empowerment, (iii) holistic support, (iv) connectedness and collaboration, (v) compassion and caring, and (vi) trust and transparency in multi-level responses, well-functioning social systems, and provision of basic services. These findings will be discussed with First Nations public health experts, together with data on the experiences of First Nations families and communities during COVID-19, to develop a trauma-integrated public health emergency response framework or "lens" to minimize compounding trauma for First Nations communities.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Communicable Disease Control ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ; Public Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2022.1006513
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Article ; Online: Clearing the air: underestimation of youth smoking prevalence associated with proxy-reporting compared to youth self-report.

Barrett, Eden M / Maddox, Raglan / Thandrayen, Joanne / Banks, Emily / Lovett, Raymond / Heris, Christina / Thurber, Katherine A

BMC medical research methodology

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 108

Abstract: Background: Smoking remains a leading cause of disease burden globally. Declining youth smoking prevalence is an essential feature of effective tobacco control; however, accurate data are required to assess progress. This study investigates bias in ... ...

Abstract	Background: Smoking remains a leading cause of disease burden globally. Declining youth smoking prevalence is an essential feature of effective tobacco control; however, accurate data are required to assess progress. This study investigates bias in youth smoking prevalence estimates by respondent type (proxy-reported, self-report with parent present, or self-report independently) for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and total populations of Australia. Methods: Repeated cross-sectional analysis of representative Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health and National Health Surveys, 2007-2019. Data were restricted to participants aged 15-17 years. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for ever-smoking by respondent type were calculated using Poisson regression with robust standard errors. National youth current-smoking prevalence was estimated if all data were collected by youth self-report; estimates and trends were compared to observed estimates. Results: Over 75% of all smoking status data were reported by proxy or with parent present. Ever-smoking prevalence among youth self-reporting independently versus proxy-reported was 1.29 (95% CI:0.96-1.73) to 1.99 (95% CI:1.39-2.85) times as high for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth, and 1.83 (95% CI:0.92-3.63) to 2.72 (95% CI:1.68-4.41) times as high for total population youth. Across surveys, predicted national current-smoking prevalence if all youth self-reported independently was generally higher than observed estimate. Conclusions: Estimates of youth smoking prevalence are likely inaccurate and underestimated if data are collected by proxy or with parent present. Increased reliance on data reported by youth independently is crucial to improve data accuracy, including to enable accurate assessment of national prevalence.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander ; Prevalence ; Self Report ; Smoking/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041362-2
ISSN	1471-2288 ; 1471-2288
ISSN (online)	1471-2288
ISSN	1471-2288
DOI	10.1186/s12874-022-01594-w
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Article ; Online: Smoking and quitting characteristics of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women of reproductive age: findings from the Which Way? study.

Kennedy, Michelle / Barrett, Eden / Heris, Christina / Mersha, Amanual / Chamberlain, Catherine / Hussein, Paul / Longbottom, Hayley / Bacon, Shanell / Maddox, Raglan

The Medical journal of Australia

2022 Volume 217 Suppl 2, Page(s) S6–S18

Abstract: Objective: To describe smoking characteristics, quitting behaviour and other factors associated with longest quit attempt and the use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and stop-smoking medication (SSM) in a population of Indigenous Australian women ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To describe smoking characteristics, quitting behaviour and other factors associated with longest quit attempt and the use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and stop-smoking medication (SSM) in a population of Indigenous Australian women of reproductive age. Design, setting and participants: A national cross-sectional survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women aged 16-49 years who were smokers or ex-smokers was conducted online during the period July to October 2020. Main outcome measures: Quitting experience: attempt to cut down, time since last quit attempt, longest period without smoking, attempt to cut down during last quit attempt, any use of NRT and/or SSM. Results: Most of the 428 participating women (302 [70.6%]) reported using an Aboriginal health service. Younger women (16-20-year-olds) smoked fewer cigarettes daily (24/42 [57.1%], 0-5 cigarettes per day), waited longer to smoke after waking (20/42 [47.6%], > 60 minutes after waking), and were categorised as low smoking dependency compared with those aged 35 years and over. One-third of women (153 [35.7%]) had ever used NRT and/or SSM. A greater proportion of older women (35-49-year-olds) had sustained a quit attempt for years (62/149 [45.6%]) and reported trying NRT and/or SSM (78/149 [52.4%]) than women in younger age groups. Quitting suddenly rather than gradually was significantly associated with sustained abstinence (prevalence ratio, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.10-1.48]). Among women who had never used NRT or SSM, most (219/275 [79.6%]) reported reasons for this in the category of attitudes and beliefs. NRT and SSM use was also more likely among women who were confident talking to their doctor about quitting (odds ratio, 2.50 [95% CI, 1.23-5.10]) and those who received most of their information from a health professional (odds ratio, 1.71 [95% CI, 1.11-2.63]). Conclusion: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women want to quit smoking and are making attempts to quit. Quitting suddenly, rather than reducing cigarette consumption, is associated with increased sustained abstinence. Health providers can enable access and uptake of NRT and/or SSM and should recognise that NRT and/or SSM use may change over time. Consistent messaging, frequent offers of smoking cessation support, and access to a range of smoking cessation supports should be provided to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women to enable them to be smoke-free.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Australia/epidemiology ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Services, Indigenous ; Longitudinal Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Sampling Studies ; Smoking/epidemiology ; Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco Use Cessation Devices ; Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-25
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	186082-3
ISSN	1326-5377 ; 0025-729X
ISSN (online)	1326-5377
ISSN	0025-729X
DOI	10.5694/mja2.51630
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