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  1. Article ; Online: Intoxikation durch marine Biotoxine.

    Hess, Philipp

    Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz

    2017  Volume 60, Issue 7, Page(s) 757–760

    Abstract: This paper presents a short summary of the knowledge on marine biotoxins. As toxins are known for their acute effects, they have been classified here according to the effects they cause in acute human poisoning incidents. Toxins may thus be distinguished ...

    Title translation Poisoning caused by marine biotoxins.
    Abstract This paper presents a short summary of the knowledge on marine biotoxins. As toxins are known for their acute effects, they have been classified here according to the effects they cause in acute human poisoning incidents. Toxins may thus be distinguished into those that affect the nervous system (paralytic and other neurotoxins), memory (amnesic poisons), and the digestive system (diarrhetic toxins). Furthermore, newly emerging toxins, such as ciguatoxins or shark toxins, and factors that lead to the introduction of toxins in new areas, are presented. Relevant suggestions for further reading are given.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Ciguatoxins/analysis ; Ciguatoxins/toxicity ; Food Contamination/analysis ; Food Contamination/prevention & control ; Foodborne Diseases/etiology ; Foodborne Diseases/prevention & control ; Germany ; Humans ; Marine Toxins/analysis ; Marine Toxins/toxicity ; Neurotoxins/analysis ; Neurotoxins/toxicity ; Risk Assessment ; Sharks ; Shellfish Poisoning/etiology ; Shellfish Poisoning/prevention & control
    Chemical Substances Marine Toxins ; Neurotoxins ; Ciguatoxins (11050-21-8)
    Language German
    Publishing date 2017-07
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1461973-8
    ISSN 1437-1588 ; 1436-9990
    ISSN (online) 1437-1588
    ISSN 1436-9990
    DOI 10.1007/s00103-017-2562-5
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  2. Article ; Online: Seasonal Single-Site Sampling Reveals Large Diversity of Marine Algal Toxins in Coastal Waters and Shellfish of New Caledonia (Southwestern Pacific).

    Sibat, Manoëlla / Mai, Tepoerau / Tanniou, Simon / Biegala, Isabelle / Hess, Philipp / Jauffrais, Thierry

    Toxins

    2023  Volume 15, Issue 11

    Abstract: Algal toxins pose a serious threat to human and coastal ecosystem health, even if their potential impacts are poorly documented in New Caledonia (NC). In this survey, bivalves and seawater (concentrated through passive samplers) from bays surrounding ... ...

    Abstract Algal toxins pose a serious threat to human and coastal ecosystem health, even if their potential impacts are poorly documented in New Caledonia (NC). In this survey, bivalves and seawater (concentrated through passive samplers) from bays surrounding Noumea, NC, collected during the warm and cold seasons were analyzed for algal toxins using a multi-toxin screening approach. Several groups of marine microalgal toxins were detected for the first time in NC. Okadaic acid (OA), azaspiracid-2 (AZA2), pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2), pinnatoxin-G (PnTX-G), and homo-yessotoxin (homo-YTX) were detected in seawater at higher levels during the summer. A more diversified toxin profile was found in shellfish with brevetoxin-3 (BTX3), gymnodimine-A (GYM-A), and 13-desmethyl spirolide-C (SPX1), being confirmed in addition to the five toxin groups also found in seawater. Diarrhetic and neurotoxic toxins did not exceed regulatory limits, but PnTX-G was present at up to the limit of the threshold recommended by the French Food Safety Authority (ANSES, 23 μg kg
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Seasons ; New Caledonia ; Ecosystem ; Shellfish/analysis ; Okadaic Acid
    Chemical Substances Okadaic Acid (1W21G5Q4N2) ; pinnatoxin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-03
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518395-3
    ISSN 2072-6651 ; 2072-6651
    ISSN (online) 2072-6651
    ISSN 2072-6651
    DOI 10.3390/toxins15110642
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  3. Book ; Online: Deep learning for bias-correcting CMIP6-class Earth system models

    Hess, Philipp / Lange, Stefan / Schötz, Christof / Boers, Niklas

    2022  

    Abstract: The accurate representation of precipitation in Earth system models (ESMs) is crucial for reliable projections of the ecological and socioeconomic impacts in response to anthropogenic global warming. The complex cross-scale interactions of processes that ...

    Abstract The accurate representation of precipitation in Earth system models (ESMs) is crucial for reliable projections of the ecological and socioeconomic impacts in response to anthropogenic global warming. The complex cross-scale interactions of processes that produce precipitation are challenging to model, however, inducing potentially strong biases in ESM fields, especially regarding extremes. State-of-the-art bias correction methods only address errors in the simulated frequency distributions locally at every individual grid cell. Improving unrealistic spatial patterns of the ESM output, which would require spatial context, has not been possible so far. Here, we show that a post-processing method based on physically constrained generative adversarial networks (cGANs) can correct biases of a state-of-the-art, CMIP6-class ESM both in local frequency distributions and in the spatial patterns at once. While our method improves local frequency distributions equally well as gold-standard bias-adjustment frameworks, it strongly outperforms any existing methods in the correction of spatial patterns, especially in terms of the characteristic spatial intermittency of precipitation extremes.
    Keywords Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
    Subject code 910
    Publishing date 2022-12-16
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Stability and Chemical Conversion of the Purified Reference Material of Gymnodimine-A under Different Temperature and pH Conditions.

    Wang, Guixiang / Qiu, Jiangbing / Li, Aifeng / Ji, Ying / Tang, Zhixuan / Hess, Philipp

    Toxins

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 11

    Abstract: Gymnodimines (GYMs) are a group of fast-acting phycotoxins and their toxicological effects on human beings are still unclear due to the lack of sufficiently well-characterized large quantities of purified toxins for toxicology studies. In this study, a ... ...

    Abstract Gymnodimines (GYMs) are a group of fast-acting phycotoxins and their toxicological effects on human beings are still unclear due to the lack of sufficiently well-characterized large quantities of purified toxins for toxicology studies. In this study, a certified reference material (CRM) of GYM-A was prepared from the dinoflagellate
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Temperature ; Hydrocarbons, Cyclic/chemistry ; Imines/chemistry ; Dinoflagellida/chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
    Chemical Substances gymnodimine (7TV3J97IT8) ; Hydrocarbons, Cyclic ; Imines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2518395-3
    ISSN 2072-6651 ; 2072-6651
    ISSN (online) 2072-6651
    ISSN 2072-6651
    DOI 10.3390/toxins14110744
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  5. Article ; Online: Requirements for screening and confirmatory methods for the detection and quantification of marine biotoxins in end-product and official control.

    Hess, Philipp

    Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry

    2010  Volume 397, Issue 5, Page(s) 1683–1694

    Abstract: An overview is given of the biological origin of phycotoxins, as well as their chemical characteristics. Major poisoning types are described and examples of poisoning events are given to illustrate the importance of the phenomenon to both shellfish ... ...

    Abstract An overview is given of the biological origin of phycotoxins, as well as their chemical characteristics. Major poisoning types are described and examples of poisoning events are given to illustrate the importance of the phenomenon to both shellfish consumers and the shellfish producing industry. The characteristics of phycotoxins as natural products, the lack of predictability of their occurrence, economic drivers and the freshness of shellfish consumed in many countries result in a number of requirements for methods to be used in the efficient detection of these compounds. Subsequently, the performance of mouse bioassays and mass spectrometry as detection tools are compared for examples from Irish and French monitoring programmes to assess the usefulness of qualitative and quantitative tools in official control, and their fitness for purpose compared with the requirements. The final part of the paper critically reviews methods available for the end-product and official control of shellfish toxins and their use in screening and confirmatory approaches in monitoring. Recent expert consultations on the methodology for phycotoxins at European and global level are summarised and recommendations are made for future progress in this area.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biological Assay/economics ; Biological Assay/methods ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical/economics ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical/methods ; Food Contamination/analysis ; Food Contamination/economics ; Food Contamination/prevention & control ; Humans ; Marine Toxins/analysis ; Mice ; Shellfish/analysis ; Shellfish Poisoning/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Marine Toxins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-07
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 201093-8
    ISSN 1618-2650 ; 0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
    ISSN (online) 1618-2650
    ISSN 0016-1152 ; 0372-7920
    DOI 10.1007/s00216-009-3444-y
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  6. Article: Deeper insight into Gambierdiscus polynesiensis toxin production relies on specific optimization of high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry

    Yon, Thomas / Sibat, Manoella / Réveillon, Damien / Bertrand, Samuel / Chinain, Mireille / Hess, Philipp

    Talanta. 2021 Sept. 01, v. 232

    2021  

    Abstract: Ciguatera food poisoning affects consumer health and fisheries’ economies worldwide in tropical zones, and specifically in the Pacific area. The wide variety of ciguatoxins bio-accumulated in fish or shellfish responsible for this neurological illness ... ...

    Abstract Ciguatera food poisoning affects consumer health and fisheries’ economies worldwide in tropical zones, and specifically in the Pacific area. The wide variety of ciguatoxins bio-accumulated in fish or shellfish responsible for this neurological illness are produced by marine dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus and bio-transformed through the food web. The evaluation of the contents of ciguatoxins in strains of Gambierdiscus relies on the availability of standards and on the development of sensitive and specific tools to detect them. There is a need for sensitive methods for the analysis of pacific ciguatoxins with high resolution mass spectrometry to ensure unequivocal identification of all congeners. We have applied a fractional factorial design of experiment 2^⁸⁻³ for the screening of the significance of eight parameters potentially influencing ionization and ion transmission and their interactions to evaluate the behavior of sodium adducts, protonated molecules and first water losses of CTX4A/B, CTX3B/C, 2-OH-CTX3C and 44-methylgambierone on a Q-TOF equipment. The four parameters that allowed to significantly increase the peak areas of ciguatoxins and gambierones (up to a factor ten) were the capillary voltage, the sheath gas temperature, the ion funnel low pressure voltage and the ion funnel exit voltage. The optimized method was applied to revisit the toxin profile of G. polynesiensis (strain TB92) with a confirmation of the presence of M-seco-CTX4A only putatively reported so far and the detection of an isomer of CTX4A. The improvement in toxin detection also allowed to obtain informative high resolution targeted MS/MS spectra revealing high similarity in fragmentation patterns between putative isomer (4) of CTX3C, 2-OH-CTX3C and CTX3B on one side and between CTX4A, M-seco-CTX4A and the putative isomer on the other side, suggesting a relation of constitutional isomerism between them for both isomers.
    Keywords Gambierdiscus ; ciguatera ; ciguatoxin ; constitutional isomerization ; electric potential difference ; equipment ; fish ; food webs ; ionization ; isomers ; shellfish ; sodium ; temperature
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-0901
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 1500969-5
    ISSN 1873-3573 ; 0039-9140
    ISSN (online) 1873-3573
    ISSN 0039-9140
    DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122400
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  7. Article ; Online: Targeted and non-targeted mass spectrometry to explore the chemical diversity of the genus Gambierdiscus in the Atlantic Ocean.

    Yon, Thomas / Réveillon, Damien / Sibat, Manoëlla / Holland, Chris / Litaker, R Wayne / Nascimento, Silvia M / Rossignoli, Araceli E / Riobó, Pilar / Hess, Philipp / Bertrand, Samuel

    Phytochemistry

    2024  Volume 222, Page(s) 114095

    Abstract: Dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus have been associated with ciguatera, the most common non-bacterial fish-related intoxication in the world. Many studies report the presence of potentially toxic Gambierdiscus species along the Atlantic coasts ... ...

    Abstract Dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus have been associated with ciguatera, the most common non-bacterial fish-related intoxication in the world. Many studies report the presence of potentially toxic Gambierdiscus species along the Atlantic coasts including G. australes, G. silvae and G. excentricus. Estimates of their toxicity, as determined by bio-assays, vary substantially, both between species and strains of the same species. Therefore, there is a need for additional knowledge on the metabolite production of Gambierdiscus species and their variation to better understand species differences. Using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, toxin and metabolomic profiles of five species of Gambierdiscus found in the Atlantic Ocean were reported. In addition, a molecular network was constructed aiming at annotating the metabolomes. Results demonstrated that G. excentricus could be discriminated from the other species based solely on the presence of MTX4 and sulfo-gambierones and that the variation in toxin content for a single strain could be up to a factor of two due to different culture conditions between laboratories. While untargeted analyses highlighted a higher variability at the metabolome level, signal correction was applied and supervised multivariate statistics performed on the untargeted data set permitted the selection of 567 features potentially useful as biomarkers for the distinction of G. excentricus, G. caribaeus, G. carolinianus, G. silvae and G. belizeanus. Further studies will be required to validate the use of these biomarkers in discriminating Gambierdiscus species. The study also provided an overview about 17 compound classes present in Gambierdiscus, however, significant improvements in annotation are still required to reach a more comprehensive knowledge of Gambierdiscus' metabolome.
    MeSH term(s) Atlantic Ocean ; Dinoflagellida/chemistry ; Dinoflagellida/metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Metabolomics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 208884-8
    ISSN 1873-3700 ; 0031-9422
    ISSN (online) 1873-3700
    ISSN 0031-9422
    DOI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114095
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  8. Article ; Online: Sudden peak in tetrodotoxin in French oysters during the summer of 2021: Source investigation using microscopy, metabarcoding and droplet digital PCR.

    Biessy, Laura / Pearman, John K / Mertens, Kenneth Neil / Réveillon, Damien / Savar, Véronique / Hess, Philipp / Hampton, Hannah / Thompson, Lucy / Lebrun, Luc / Terre-Terrillon, Aouregan / Smith, Kirsty F

    Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology

    2024  Volume 243, Page(s) 107721

    Abstract: Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin causing human intoxications from contaminated seafood worldwide and is of emerging concern in Europe. Shellfish have been shown to contain varying TTX concentrations globally, with concentrations typically higher ...

    Abstract Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin causing human intoxications from contaminated seafood worldwide and is of emerging concern in Europe. Shellfish have been shown to contain varying TTX concentrations globally, with concentrations typically higher in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas in Europe. Despite many decades of research, the source of TTX remains unknown, with bacterial or algal origins having been suggested. The aim of this study was to identify potential source organisms causing TTX contamination in Pacific oysters in French coastal waters, using three different techniques. Oysters were deployed in cages from April to September 2021 in an estuary where TTX was previously detected. Microscopic analyses of water samples were used to investigate potential microalgal blooms present prior or during the peak in TTX. Differences in the bacterial communities from oyster digestive glands (DG) and remaining flesh were explored using metabarcoding, and lastly, droplet digital PCR assays were developed to investigate the presence of Cephalothrix sp., one European TTX-bearing species in the DG of toxic C. gigas. Oysters analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry contained quantifiable levels of TTX over a three-week period (24 June-15 July 2021), with concentrations decreasing in the DG from 424 μg/kg for the first detection to 101 μg/kg (equivalent to 74 to 17 μg/kg of total flesh), and trace levels being detected until August 13, 2021. These concentrations are the first report of the European TTX guidance levels being exceeded in French shellfish. Microscopy revealed that some microalgae bloomed during the TTX peak, (e.g., Chaetoceros spp., reaching 40,000 cells/L). Prokaryotic metabarcoding showed increases in abundance of Rubritaleaceae (genus Persicirhabdus) and Neolyngbya, before and during the TTX peak. Both phyla have previously been described as possible TTX-producers and should be investigated further. Droplet digital PCR analyses were negative for the targeted TTX-bearing genus Cephalothrix.
    MeSH term(s) Tetrodotoxin/analysis ; Animals ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; France ; Microscopy ; Crassostrea ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Microalgae ; Seasons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 204479-1
    ISSN 1879-3150 ; 0041-0101
    ISSN (online) 1879-3150
    ISSN 0041-0101
    DOI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107721
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 501: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
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  9. Article ; Online: Development of an Efficient Extraction Method for Harvesting Gymnodimine-A from Large-Scale Cultures of

    Tang, Zhixuan / Qiu, Jiangbing / Wang, Guixiang / Ji, Ying / Hess, Philipp / Li, Aifeng

    Toxins

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 11

    Abstract: Gymnodimine-A (GYM-A) is a fast-acting microalgal toxin and its production of certified materials requires an efficient harvesting technology from the large-scale cultures of toxigenic microalgae. In this study the recoveries of GYM-A were compared ... ...

    Abstract Gymnodimine-A (GYM-A) is a fast-acting microalgal toxin and its production of certified materials requires an efficient harvesting technology from the large-scale cultures of toxigenic microalgae. In this study the recoveries of GYM-A were compared between several liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) treatments including solvents, ratios and stirring times to optimize the LLE technique for harvesting GYM-A from
    MeSH term(s) Dinoflagellida/metabolism ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/metabolism ; Hydrocarbons, Cyclic/metabolism ; Imines/metabolism ; Liquid-Liquid Extraction/methods ; Marine Toxins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring ; Hydrocarbons, Cyclic ; Imines ; Marine Toxins ; gymnodimine (7TV3J97IT8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2518395-3
    ISSN 2072-6651 ; 2072-6651
    ISSN (online) 2072-6651
    ISSN 2072-6651
    DOI 10.3390/toxins13110793
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  10. Article ; Online: Deeper insight into Gambierdiscus polynesiensis toxin production relies on specific optimization of high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.

    Yon, Thomas / Sibat, Manoella / Réveillon, Damien / Bertrand, Samuel / Chinain, Mireille / Hess, Philipp

    Talanta

    2021  Volume 232, Page(s) 122400

    Abstract: Ciguatera food poisoning affects consumer health and fisheries' economies worldwide in tropical zones, and specifically in the Pacific area. The wide variety of ciguatoxins bio-accumulated in fish or shellfish responsible for this neurological illness ... ...

    Abstract Ciguatera food poisoning affects consumer health and fisheries' economies worldwide in tropical zones, and specifically in the Pacific area. The wide variety of ciguatoxins bio-accumulated in fish or shellfish responsible for this neurological illness are produced by marine dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus and bio-transformed through the food web. The evaluation of the contents of ciguatoxins in strains of Gambierdiscus relies on the availability of standards and on the development of sensitive and specific tools to detect them. There is a need for sensitive methods for the analysis of pacific ciguatoxins with high resolution mass spectrometry to ensure unequivocal identification of all congeners. We have applied a fractional factorial design of experiment 2^
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ciguatera Poisoning ; Ciguatoxins/analysis ; Dinoflagellida ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
    Chemical Substances Ciguatoxins (11050-21-8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1500969-5
    ISSN 1873-3573 ; 0039-9140
    ISSN (online) 1873-3573
    ISSN 0039-9140
    DOI 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122400
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